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Strength of Vegetated Coal-Bearing Soil under Dry-Wet Cycles: An Experimental Study 干湿循环作用下植被煤系土强度试验研究
IF 3.1 Q4 ELECTROCHEMISTRY Pub Date : 2021-10-21 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6657160
Gang Huang, Ming Zheng
Strength of vegetated coal-bearing soil is of great significance to evaluate the shallow stability of vegetated slopes in coal-bearing soil regions. This paper takes D-W cycles, dry density, water content, and vegetation root (VR) content as four factors and carries out the triaxial test for the orthogonal design of vegetated coal-bearing soil in southern China. The strength curves of vegetated coal-bearing soil under four factors were obtained. The Taguchi method was used to quantitatively analyse the effects of four factors. The microstructure of coal-bearing soil under D-W cycles and the theory of soil reinforcement by VR were discussed. The results indicated that D-W cycles had a significant effect on the cohesion and internal friction angle ( P < 0.05 ). The internal friction angle was little affected by the water content and VR content, which had considerable influence on the cohesion. The cohesion could be improved with less than 2% VR content. The cohesion was the largest for no D-W cycles, 10% water content, and 2% VR content. The links between mineral particles go from a stable layered structure to unsteadiness chain structure with the increase in the number of D-W cycles.
含煤植被土强度对评价含煤植被边坡浅层稳定性具有重要意义。本文以D-W循环、干密度、含水量和植被根含量为四个因素,对华南地区植被含煤土的正交设计进行了三轴试验。得到了四个因素作用下植被含煤土的强度曲线。采用田口法对四个因素的影响进行了定量分析。讨论了D-W循环下含煤土的微观结构和VR加固理论。结果表明,D-W循环对内聚力和内摩擦角有显著影响(P<0.05)。含水量和VR含量对内摩擦角影响不大,对内聚力有较大影响。当VR含量低于2%时,可以提高内聚力。在无D-W循环、10%含水量和2%VR含量的情况下,内聚力最大。随着D-W循环次数的增加,矿物颗粒之间的连接从稳定的层状结构变为不稳定的链结构。
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引用次数: 2
Evaluation of Corrosion Inhibition Efficiency of Aluminum Alloy 2024 by Diaminostilbene and Azobenzene Schiff Bases in 1 M Hydrochloric Acid 二氨基二苯乙烯和偶氮苯席夫碱对2024铝合金缓蚀性能的评价 M盐酸
IF 3.1 Q4 ELECTROCHEMISTRY Pub Date : 2021-10-21 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5869915
Shobha Bhaskara, Sanaulla Pathapalya Fakrudeen, Tegene Desalegn, H. Murthy, V. Bheemaraju
The Schiff base compounds N,N ′ -bis(salicylidine)-4,4 ′ –diaminostilbene(SDS) and N,N ′ -bis(salicylidine)-4,4 ′ -diamino azobenzene(SDA) were synthesized, and their molecular structure was determined by FT-IR and 1H NMR. The corrosion inhibitions of Schiff base compounds on aluminum alloy 2024 in 1 M hydrochloric acid were evaluated by potentiodynamic polarization, impedance techniques, weight loss method, and scanning electron microscopic technique. The potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) studies revealed that SDS and SDA compounds acted predominantly as cathodic inhibitors. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopic (EIS) parameters confirmed the adsorption of SDS and SDA molecules over the surface of aluminum alloy 2024 alloy by forming an inhibitive layer. The weight loss studies showed that the inhibition efficiency of these compounds increases directly with concentration and decreases with an increase in solution temperature and immersion time. The thermodynamic parameters were calculated to investigate the mechanism of corrosion inhibition. The SDA was found to be more effective than SDS and followed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results revealed that the deterioration of the alloy surface is minimal in the presence of an inhibitor. Both Schiff base molecules exhibited superior corrosion inhibition for aluminum alloy 2024 alloy in HCl medium.
合成了席夫碱化合物N,N′-双(水杨基)-4,4′-二氨基二苯乙烯(SDS)和N,N’-双(水杨基)-4,4′-二胺基偶氮苯(SDA),并用FT-IR和1H NMR测定了它们的分子结构。Schiff碱化合物对2024 in 1铝合金的缓蚀作用 用动电位极化法、阻抗法、失重法和扫描电镜技术对M盐酸进行了评价。电位极化(PDP)研究表明,SDS和SDA化合物主要作为阴极抑制剂。电化学阻抗谱(EIS)参数证实了SDS和SDA分子通过形成抑制层而在2024铝合金表面吸附。失重研究表明,这些化合物的抑制效率直接随着浓度的增加而增加,并随着溶液温度和浸泡时间的增加而降低。通过计算热力学参数,探讨了缓蚀机理。SDA比SDS更有效,并遵循Langmuir吸附等温线模型。扫描电子显微镜(SEM)结果显示,在抑制剂存在的情况下,合金表面的劣化最小。两种希夫碱分子对2024铝合金在HCl介质中均表现出优异的缓蚀性能。
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引用次数: 4
Effect of Alternating Stray Current Density on Corrosion Behavior of X80 Steel under Disbonded Coating 交流杂散电流密度对脱粘涂层下X80钢腐蚀行为的影响
IF 3.1 Q4 ELECTROCHEMISTRY Pub Date : 2021-06-25 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8833346
Qing-Miao Ding, Yongxiang Qin, Tao Shen, Yuning Gao
In this paper, the effect of alternating stray current (AC) density on the corrosion behavior of X80 steel under disbonded coating was studied by electrochemical methods, wire beam electrode (WBE) technology, and surface observation technology. The results showed that under the interference of different AC densities, the corrosion potential of X80 steel under disbonded coating underwent negative deviation, and the degree of negative deviation increased with the increase of AC density. The corrosion current density of X80 steel under disbonded coating with the action of 0~100 A/m2 AC density had few differences. While the corrosion current density of X80 steel with the action of 200~300 A/m2 AC density increased and the corrosion current density was higher than that under low AC density. The cathode area of the wire beam electrode under disbonded coating is mainly distributed outside and the edge of the gap between disbonded coating and X80 steel, while the anode area is mainly distributed inside the gap.
本文采用电化学方法、线束电极(WBE)技术和表面观察技术,研究了交流杂散电流(AC)密度对X80钢在脱粘涂层下腐蚀行为的影响。结果表明,在不同交流密度的干扰下,X80钢在脱粘涂层下的腐蚀电位出现负偏差,且负偏差程度随着交流密度的增加而增加。0~100作用下X80钢在脱粘涂层下的腐蚀电流密度 A/m2 AC密度几乎没有差异。X80钢在200~300作用下的腐蚀电流密度 A/m2交流密度增加,腐蚀电流密度高于低交流密度下的腐蚀电流密度。线束电极在剥离涂层下的阴极区域主要分布在剥离涂层与X80钢之间间隙的外侧和边缘,而阳极区域主要分布于间隙内部。
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引用次数: 1
Investigation of Corrosion Protection of Austenitic Stainless Steel in 5.5 M Polluted Phosphoric Acid Using 5-Azidomethyl-7-morpholinomethyl-8-hydroxyquinoline as an Ecofriendly Inhibitor 5-叠氮甲基-7-morpholin -甲基-8-羟基喹啉对奥氏体不锈钢在5.5 M污染的磷酸中的防腐研究
IF 3.1 Q4 ELECTROCHEMISTRY Pub Date : 2021-05-13 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6666811
Aimad Mazkour, S. El hajjaji, N. Labjar, E. Lotfi, M. El Mahi
The use of 5-azidomethyl-7-morpholinomethyl-8-hydroxyquinoline (AMH) as a corrosion inhibitor for AISI 321 stainless steel in 5.5 M polluted phosphoric acid was investigated using the hydrogen evolution technique, linear polarization curves, and impedance spectroscopy. Impedance measurements revealed that the dissolution of AISI 321 in 5.5 M polluted phosphoric acid was controlled by an activation mechanism, unchanged even with the addition of AMH at different concentrations. Polarization results showed that the inhibition ability was enhanced with increasing inhibitor concentration. AMH acted as a mixed-type inhibitor by random adsorption on the alloy surface, whatever the nature of the reaction that is taking place. The adsorption of AMH on the AISI 321 surface was also discussed via the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The influence of elevating the solution temperature on the corrosion inhibition performance was studied. A quantum chemistry study with the DFT method was also conducted, which supplied a logical and exploitable theoretical explanation of the adsorption and the inhibition action of AMH on AISI 321.
采用析氢技术、线性极化曲线和阻抗谱等研究了5-叠氮多甲基-7- morpholinom甲基-8-羟基喹啉(AMH)对AISI 321不锈钢在5.5 M污染的磷酸中的缓蚀作用。阻抗测量结果表明,AISI 321在5.5 M污染的磷酸中的溶解受活化机制控制,即使添加不同浓度的AMH也没有变化。极化结果表明,随着抑制剂浓度的增加,抑制能力增强。无论反应的性质如何,AMH在合金表面的随机吸附都起到了混合型抑制剂的作用。通过Langmuir吸附等温线讨论了AMH在AISI 321表面的吸附。研究了提高溶液温度对缓蚀性能的影响。用DFT方法进行了量子化学研究,为AMH对AISI 321的吸附和抑制作用提供了合理的理论解释。
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引用次数: 5
Barrier Corrosion Protection Properties of Metakaolin Clay-Kadilux Epoxy Coatings on Galvanized Steel 偏高岭土- kadilux环氧涂料对镀锌钢的屏障防腐性能
IF 3.1 Q4 ELECTROCHEMISTRY Pub Date : 2021-03-15 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1049021
Fantaye Tasew, Ganesh Thothadri
Epoxy polymer, an illustrious barrier corrosion protective coating, was reinforced with metakaolin clay, an eco-friendly inorganic filler to enhance the barrier corrosion protection properties in water and in acidic environment on galvanized steel plates. Various proportions 0, 1, 3, 5, and 7 wt.% of metakaolin fillers were mixed intrinsically with kadilux epoxy and characterized for thermal stability, water absorption according to ASTM G31, and acid immersion according to ASTM D-570 standards, respectively. The reinforced coatings minimized the pore size and density, lower water absorption, and better acid resistance properties especially at 7 wt.% of the fillers. The thermal stability of the films improved beyond 5 wt.% of filler composition.
环氧聚合物是一种杰出的屏障防腐涂层,用偏高岭土(一种环保的无机填料)增强了镀锌钢板在水中和酸性环境中的屏障防腐性能。各种比例0、1、3、5和7 将wt%的偏高岭土填料与kadilux环氧树脂本质混合,并分别根据ASTM G31表征热稳定性、吸水性和根据ASTM D-570标准表征酸浸渍。增强涂层使孔径和密度最小化,吸水率更低,耐酸性能更好,尤其是在7 填料的重量%。薄膜的热稳定性提高到5以上 填料组合物的重量%。
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引用次数: 2
Bond Deterioration of Corroded-Damaged Reinforced Concrete Structures Exposed to Severe Aggressive Marine Environment 海洋环境腐蚀损伤钢筋混凝土结构粘结劣化研究
IF 3.1 Q4 ELECTROCHEMISTRY Pub Date : 2021-03-02 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8847716
Cecielle N. Dacuan, Virgilio Y. Abellana
Cracks lead to a reduction of the bond between concrete and reinforcing steel rebars. A considerable decrease in the bond strength is more dangerous to a structural element’s safety than the loss of the cross-sectional steel reinforcement area. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the bond strength of corroded-damaged structures exposed to severely aggressive marine environments. Eighteen (18) cube specimens with dimensions of 200   mm   x   200   mm were cast. They were reinforced with three (3) different diameters of deformed steel and were grouped as unconfined and confined. The specimen was accelerated under a simulated corrosive environment. The experiment results reveal that the bond strength of concrete and steel reinforcement is susceptible to corrosion levels. The degree of corrosion significantly affects the bond strength of concrete and steel. The bond strength and the average crack width have a strong correlation; a minimal amount of corrosion with a minimum crack width of 0.03 mm after cracking reduces the bond strength to an unacceptable level. Stirrups confinement has a significant influence on the bond strength; it provides an excellent means to counteract bond loss. The loss of bond directly affects the serviceability and ultimate strength of reinforced concrete structures. There is an exponential relationship between cement and steel reinforcement’s bond strength with the serviceability and residual strength of reinforced concrete structures.
裂缝导致混凝土和钢筋之间的粘结减少。粘结强度的大幅度下降比截面钢筋面积的损失对结构构件的安全危害更大。本研究的目的是评估腐蚀损伤结构暴露在严重侵蚀的海洋环境中的粘结强度。铸造了18个尺寸为200mm × 200mm的立方体试样。它们用三(3)种不同直径的变形钢进行加固,并分为无侧限和侧限。在模拟腐蚀环境下对试样进行加速。试验结果表明,混凝土与钢筋的粘结强度受腐蚀程度的影响。腐蚀程度显著影响混凝土与钢材的粘结强度。粘结强度与平均裂缝宽度有较强的相关性;开裂后最小裂纹宽度为0.03 mm的最小腐蚀将使粘结强度降低到不可接受的水平。马镫约束对粘结强度有显著影响;它提供了一种极好的抵消债券损失的手段。粘结损失直接影响钢筋混凝土结构的使用性能和极限强度。水泥与钢筋的粘结强度与钢筋混凝土结构的使用能力和残余强度呈指数关系。
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引用次数: 6
Role of Atmospheric Aerosol Content on Atmospheric Corrosion of Metallic Materials 大气气溶胶含量对金属材料大气腐蚀的影响
IF 3.1 Q4 ELECTROCHEMISTRY Pub Date : 2021-02-12 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6637499
M. Emetere, S. Afolalu, L. Amusan, A. Mamudu
Despite extensive work on improving atmospheric corrosion resistance in metals, i.e., steel and alloy, the corrosion rate on the metallic surface is higher at some localized geographical area of the globe. Despite the visible successes in recent coating technology in curbing environmental conditions, it is proposed that the recent increase of atmospheric bioaerosols has a significant role in the dissolution of corrosion-resistant coating over a metallic surface. In this review, the science of atmospheric corrosion on metallic materials was reviewed in the light of the chemical and physical composition of atmospheric bioaerosols and aerosols. It was observed that aside from general conditions (i.e., alloying element level, surface roughness, surface treatment, and microclimate), the bioaerosols content is essential for future research in corrosion. It is recommended that further experimental research be carried out to corroborate the science of atmospheric bioaerosols to different forms of corrosion.
尽管在提高金属(即钢和合金)的抗大气腐蚀能力方面进行了大量工作,但在全球某些局部地理区域,金属表面的腐蚀速率较高。尽管最近的涂层技术在抑制环境条件方面取得了明显的成功,但有人提出,最近大气生物气溶胶的增加在金属表面上耐腐蚀涂层的溶解中起着重要作用。本文从大气生物气溶胶和气溶胶的化学和物理组成两方面综述了金属材料大气腐蚀的研究进展。除了一般条件(即合金元素水平,表面粗糙度,表面处理和小气候)外,生物气溶胶含量对未来的腐蚀研究至关重要。建议进行进一步的实验研究,以证实大气生物气溶胶对不同形式腐蚀的科学作用。
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引用次数: 3
Corrosion and Hardness Behaviour of Al/GO Nanocomposites Processed by the Ultrasonic Gravitational Stir Casting Method 超声重力搅拌铸造Al/GO纳米复合材料的腐蚀和硬度行为
IF 3.1 Q4 ELECTROCHEMISTRY Pub Date : 2021-01-28 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6658186
S. Narayanan, G. G. Sozhamannan, K. Hemalatha, K. Velmurugan, V. Venkatachalapathy
The objective of this work is to evaluate the corrosion behaviour of nanographene oxide reinforced aluminium (Al/GO) metal matrix composites with different immersion time periods using the immersion corrosion technique. The Al/GO composites were fabricated by the ultrasonic gravitational stir casting process. The corrosions of Al/GO were evaluated using a scanning electron microscope. The experimental results revealed that the corrosion rate decreased and weight losses increased with increasing immersion time periods. The nonimmersed Al/GO composites exhibited higher microhardness values compared to the immersed Al/GO composites.
本工作的目的是使用浸渍腐蚀技术评估纳米氧化石墨烯增强铝(Al/GO)金属基复合材料在不同浸渍时间段的腐蚀行为。采用超声波重力搅拌铸造工艺制备了Al/GO复合材料。用扫描电子显微镜评价了Al/GO的腐蚀性。实验结果表明,随着浸泡时间的增加,腐蚀速率降低,重量损失增加。与浸渍的Al/GO复合材料相比,未熔融的Al/GO复合材料表现出更高的显微硬度值。
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引用次数: 10
Corrosion Inhibition of 3003 Aluminum Alloy in Molar Hydrochloric Acid Solution by Olive Oil Mill Liquid By-Product 橄榄油磨液副产物对3003铝合金在盐酸溶液中的缓蚀作用
IF 3.1 Q4 ELECTROCHEMISTRY Pub Date : 2021-01-27 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6662395
M. Chadili, M. Rguiti, B. El Ibrahimi, R. Oukhrib, A. Jmiai, M. Beelkhaouda, L. Bammou, M. Hilali, L. Bazzi
According to the literature, the works on the inhibition of aluminum alloy corrosion using naturally occurring compounds are limited. For this, the inhibiting effect of oil mill liquid by-product (OMW) on the corrosion of 3003 aluminum alloy (AA3003) in molar hydrochloric acid solution was evaluated using electrochemical techniques. In parallel, a computational approach based on DFT/B3LYP and Monte Carlo methods was used to understand the inhibition process under electronic and atomic scales, respectively. The experimental results reveal that OMW has a good inhibiting effect on the corrosion of AA3003 alloy in the tested solution and acts as a cathodic inhibitor. The inhibitory efficiency increases by increasing OMW concentration to attain 89% at 6.0 ppm. The effect of temperature shows that the inhibition efficiency of OMW decreases with temperature rising. Nevertheless, a good prevention capacity of 83% is obtained at 338 K. Such interesting achieved protection property was attributed to the adsorption of OMW constituents onto the alloy surface via a mixed physichemisorption process. This process is found to obey the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Furthermore, the activation thermodynamic parameters of the corrosion process of AA3003 alloy were also determined and discussed. The computational outcomes outlined the ability of the OMW components to interact favorably with the metal surface, hence the formation of a protective layer, which justified the observed inhibition behaviors. Conferring to the present study, OMW can be used as a good green corrosion inhibitor for AA3003 alloy in the acidic medium.
根据文献,利用天然化合物抑制铝合金腐蚀的工作是有限的。为此,采用电化学技术评价了油磨液副产物(OMW)对3003铝合金(AA3003)在摩尔盐酸溶液中的腐蚀抑制作用。同时,采用基于DFT/B3LYP和蒙特卡罗方法的计算方法分别了解了电子尺度和原子尺度下的抑制过程。实验结果表明,OMW对AA3003合金在被试溶液中的腐蚀具有良好的抑制作用,是一种阴极缓蚀剂。随着OMW浓度的增加,抑制效率提高,在6.0 ppm时达到89%。温度的影响表明,OMW的缓蚀效果随温度的升高而降低。但在338k时,可获得83%的良好防护能力。这种有趣的保护性能是由于通过混合物理半吸附过程将OMW成分吸附到合金表面。该过程服从Langmuir吸附等温线。此外,还确定并讨论了AA3003合金腐蚀过程的活化热力学参数。计算结果概述了OMW组分与金属表面良好相互作用的能力,从而形成保护层,这证明了观察到的抑制行为是正确的。研究结果表明,在酸性介质中,OMW可作为AA3003合金的良好绿色缓蚀剂。
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引用次数: 18
Use of a Metallic Complex Derived from Curcuma Longa as Green Corrosion Inhibitor for Carbon Steel in Sulfuric Acid 姜黄金属配合物作为碳钢在硫酸中的绿色缓蚀剂的应用
IF 3.1 Q4 ELECTROCHEMISTRY Pub Date : 2021-01-16 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6695299
E. A. Florez-Frias, V. Barba, R. López‐Sesenes, L. Landeros-Martínez, J. F. los Rios, M. Casales, J. González-Rodríguez
A tin-containing metallic complex derived from Curcuma longa, bis[1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dionato-κO,κO ′ ]bis(butyl), has been obtained and used as a green corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in 0.5 M sulfuric acid by using weight loss, electrochemical techniques, and the Density Functional Theory. It was found that the obtained metallic complex greatly decreases the steel corrosion rate by adsorption according to a Frumkin model in a weak, physical type of adsorption. Inhibitor efficiency increased with its concentration, and it acted as a mixed type of inhibitor. Results were supported by quantum-chemical research in order to examine the relationship between structural and electronic properties and the inhibitor efficiency.
从姜黄中提取了一种含锡金属配合物,双[1,7-双(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基)-1,6-庚二烯-3,5-二酮-κO,κO′]双(丁基),并用作0.5 M硫酸,通过使用重量损失、电化学技术和密度泛函理论。根据Frumkin模型,在弱的物理吸附类型中,所获得的金属络合物通过吸附大大降低了钢的腐蚀速率。缓蚀剂的效率随着其浓度的增加而增加,它是一种混合型缓蚀剂。结果得到了量子化学研究的支持,以检验结构和电子性质与抑制剂效率之间的关系。
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引用次数: 9
期刊
International Journal of Corrosion
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