Pub Date : 2024-07-08DOI: 10.30534/ijeter/2024/021272024
Praveen Borra, Praveen Borra
This paper explores the transformative impact of Azure AI technologies on healthcare, focusing on diagnostics, predictive analytics, operational efficiency, and drug discovery. Azure AI tools are reshaping healthcare delivery by harnessing data-driven insights and advanced machine learning algorithms to enhance patient outcomes significantly. Azure AI enables more precise diagnostics through advanced image recognition and pattern analysis, improving the speed and accuracy of medical assessments. It supports predictive analytics models that personalize treatment plans based on individual patient data, thereby optimizing care and reducing risks. In hospital settings, Azure AI enhances operational efficiencies by predicting maintenance needs and optimizing resource allocation, streamlining workflows and improving overall service delivery. Furthermore, Azure AI accelerates drug discovery processes by analyzing extensive datasets to identify potential drug candidates swiftly. These advancements not only improve the efficiency and effectiveness of healthcare services but also hold promise for addressing healthcare disparities and promoting equitable access to quality care globally.
本文探讨了 Azure 人工智能技术对医疗保健的变革性影响，重点关注诊断、预测分析、运营效率和药物发现。Azure 人工智能工具通过利用数据驱动的洞察力和先进的机器学习算法，正在重塑医疗保健服务，从而显著提高患者的治疗效果。Azure AI 可通过先进的图像识别和模式分析实现更精确的诊断，提高医疗评估的速度和准确性。它支持预测分析模型，可根据患者的个人数据个性化治疗方案，从而优化护理并降低风险。在医院环境中，Azure AI 通过预测维护需求和优化资源分配、简化工作流程和改善整体服务交付，提高了运营效率。此外，Azure AI 还能通过分析大量数据集来迅速识别潜在的候选药物，从而加快药物发现过程。这些进步不仅提高了医疗保健服务的效率和有效性，而且有望在全球范围内解决医疗保健差距问题，促进公平获得优质医疗服务。
{"title":"The Transformative Role of Microsoft Azure AI in Healthcare","authors":"Praveen Borra, Praveen Borra","doi":"10.30534/ijeter/2024/021272024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30534/ijeter/2024/021272024","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the transformative impact of Azure AI technologies on healthcare, focusing on diagnostics, predictive analytics, operational efficiency, and drug discovery. Azure AI tools are reshaping healthcare delivery by harnessing data-driven insights and advanced machine learning algorithms to enhance patient outcomes significantly. Azure AI enables more precise diagnostics through advanced image recognition and pattern analysis, improving the speed and accuracy of medical assessments. It supports predictive analytics models that personalize treatment plans based on individual patient data, thereby optimizing care and reducing risks. In hospital settings, Azure AI enhances operational efficiencies by predicting maintenance needs and optimizing resource allocation, streamlining workflows and improving overall service delivery. Furthermore, Azure AI accelerates drug discovery processes by analyzing extensive datasets to identify potential drug candidates swiftly. These advancements not only improve the efficiency and effectiveness of healthcare services but also hold promise for addressing healthcare disparities and promoting equitable access to quality care globally.","PeriodicalId":13964,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Emerging Trends in Engineering Research","volume":" 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141668336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-08DOI: 10.30534/ijeter/2024/011272024
Emotion recognition is a pivotal area of research with applications spanning education, healthcare, and intelligent customer service. Multimodal emotion recognition (MER) has emerged as a superior approach by integrating multiple modalities such as speech, text, and facial expressions, offering enhanced accuracy and robustness over unimodal methods. This paper reviews the evolution and current state of MER, highlighting its significance, challenges, and methodologies. We delve into various datasets, including IEMOCAP and MELD, providing a comparative analysis of their strengths and limitations. The literature review covers recent advancements in deep learning techniques, focusing on fusion strategies like early, late, and hybrid fusion. Identified gaps include issues related to data redundancy, feature extraction complexity, and real-time detection. Our proposed methodology leverages deep learning for feature extraction and a hybrid fusion approach to improve emotion detection accuracy. This research aims to guide future studies in addressing current limitations and advancing the field of MER. The main of this paper review recent methodologies in multimodal emotion recognition, analyze different data fusion techniques,identify challenges and research gaps.
情感识别是一个关键的研究领域，其应用范围涵盖教育、医疗保健和智能客户服务。多模态情感识别（MER）通过整合语音、文本和面部表情等多种模态而成为一种卓越的方法，与单模态方法相比，它具有更高的准确性和鲁棒性。本文回顾了 MER 的演变和现状，强调了其意义、挑战和方法。我们深入研究了各种数据集，包括 IEMOCAP 和 MELD，对它们的优势和局限性进行了比较分析。文献综述涵盖了深度学习技术的最新进展，重点关注早期、晚期和混合融合等融合策略。发现的差距包括与数据冗余、特征提取复杂性和实时检测相关的问题。我们提出的方法利用深度学习的特征提取和混合融合方法来提高情感检测的准确性。这项研究旨在指导未来的研究，解决目前的局限性，推动 MER 领域的发展。本文主要回顾了多模态情感识别的最新方法，分析了不同的数据融合技术，指出了面临的挑战和研究空白。
{"title":"An Effective Data Fusion Methodology for Multi-modal Emotion Recognition: A Survey","authors":"","doi":"10.30534/ijeter/2024/011272024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30534/ijeter/2024/011272024","url":null,"abstract":"Emotion recognition is a pivotal area of research with applications spanning education, healthcare, and intelligent customer service. Multimodal emotion recognition (MER) has emerged as a superior approach by integrating multiple modalities such as speech, text, and facial expressions, offering enhanced accuracy and robustness over unimodal methods. This paper reviews the evolution and current state of MER, highlighting its significance, challenges, and methodologies. We delve into various datasets, including IEMOCAP and MELD, providing a comparative analysis of their strengths and limitations. The literature review covers recent advancements in deep learning techniques, focusing on fusion strategies like early, late, and hybrid fusion. Identified gaps include issues related to data redundancy, feature extraction complexity, and real-time detection. Our proposed methodology leverages deep learning for feature extraction and a hybrid fusion approach to improve emotion detection accuracy. This research aims to guide future studies in addressing current limitations and advancing the field of MER. The main of this paper review recent methodologies in multimodal emotion recognition, analyze different data fusion techniques,identify challenges and research gaps.","PeriodicalId":13964,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Emerging Trends in Engineering Research","volume":"113 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141667912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-08DOI: 10.30534/ijeter/2024/031272024
Sound level meter (SLM) calibration according to IEC61672-1, 2, 3: 2013 is an essential step in the measurement process. It ensures that the SLM meets its specifications. There is a strong need for an efficient and cheap calibration system device for the electrical calibration of SLM since it avoids the body effect and angle sensitivity of the microphone membrane to the sound incidence angle for free field calibration. As well as, it avoids leakage errors due to the microphone fitting in the coupler and the coupler effect in pressure field calibration. This work gives an alternative system device used in the electrical calibration of SLM. This system consists of individual tools; PULSE signal generator, universal frequency counter, HP Dynamic signal analyzer, and DMM voltmeter. All system tools are complying with the IEC17025. The calibration procedures follow the second edition of IEC61672-2. Calibration measurements of frequency, time-weightings, and linearity of range parameters as the major features of SLMs are tested in the frequency range of 31.5 Hz to 16 k Hz. The calibration was repeated 5 times on different days and different warm-up times for devices to estimate the associated uncertainty measurement values in accordance with Part 2 and Part 3 of IEC 61672. The obtained results show that, the calibration measurement deviations are in the allowable tolerance of the IEC 61672-1 and they are comparable with that obtained from the primary Brüel & Kjær (B & K) platform 3630. The computed uncertainty of measurements is in accepted limits that are required by IEC 61672-1 which is determined to the level of confidence of 95%, using coverage factor 2.
{"title":"Low Costs Electrical Calibration System of SLM with the Uncertainty Measurements Compared with Primary System Platform Brūel & Kjær type 3630","authors":"","doi":"10.30534/ijeter/2024/031272024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30534/ijeter/2024/031272024","url":null,"abstract":"Sound level meter (SLM) calibration according to IEC61672-1, 2, 3: 2013 is an essential step in the measurement process. It ensures that the SLM meets its specifications. There is a strong need for an efficient and cheap calibration system device for the electrical calibration of SLM since it avoids the body effect and angle sensitivity of the microphone membrane to the sound incidence angle for free field calibration. As well as, it avoids leakage errors due to the microphone fitting in the coupler and the coupler effect in pressure field calibration. This work gives an alternative system device used in the electrical calibration of SLM. This system consists of individual tools; PULSE signal generator, universal frequency counter, HP Dynamic signal analyzer, and DMM voltmeter. All system tools are complying with the IEC17025. The calibration procedures follow the second edition of IEC61672-2. Calibration measurements of frequency, time-weightings, and linearity of range parameters as the major features of SLMs are tested in the frequency range of 31.5 Hz to 16 k Hz. The calibration was repeated 5 times on different days and different warm-up times for devices to estimate the associated uncertainty measurement values in accordance with Part 2 and Part 3 of IEC 61672. The obtained results show that, the calibration measurement deviations are in the allowable tolerance of the IEC 61672-1 and they are comparable with that obtained from the primary Brüel & Kjær (B & K) platform 3630. The computed uncertainty of measurements is in accepted limits that are required by IEC 61672-1 which is determined to the level of confidence of 95%, using coverage factor 2.","PeriodicalId":13964,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Emerging Trends in Engineering Research","volume":"4 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141836688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-08DOI: 10.30534/ijeter/2024/021262024
Ysl Ron Hepos, Kimuel Lagnason, Philipcris Encarnacion
This research aims to revolutionize sleep enhancement by developing a customized Internet of Things (IoT)-based system utilizing the ESP32 microcontroller, Philips Hue Bridge, and Bulb technology. The primary objective is to identify optimal lighting conditions conducive to improved sleep, considering factors such as color intensity and aligning with users' circadian rhythms. The system dynamically controls light intensity and color based on personalized profiles, synchronized with distinct times of the day, enhancing sleep quality. The integration of user profiles based on age refined these light profiles, addressing diverse sleep needs across age groups. Real-world experiments successfully validated the system's effectiveness across various age categories, demonstrating its application for tailored sleep solutions. The study makes a significant contribution to IoT-driven sleep interventions, setting a new standard for personalized approaches in the industry. Based on the successful implementation of the testing phase, recommendations for further refinement and expansion of the system are provided, such as exploring additional environmental factors for enhanced personalization, refining algorithms for improved real-time adjustments and considering user feedback for continuous system optimization. The study presents a groundbreaking solution for sleep enhancement and provides a roadmap for future advancements in personalized IoT-based interventions.
{"title":"Enhanced Sleep Quality Through Light Modulation IoT-Based Approach ESP32 with Philips Hue Integration","authors":"Ysl Ron Hepos, Kimuel Lagnason, Philipcris Encarnacion","doi":"10.30534/ijeter/2024/021262024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30534/ijeter/2024/021262024","url":null,"abstract":"This research aims to revolutionize sleep enhancement by developing a customized Internet of Things (IoT)-based system utilizing the ESP32 microcontroller, Philips Hue Bridge, and Bulb technology. The primary objective is to identify optimal lighting conditions conducive to improved sleep, considering factors such as color intensity and aligning with users' circadian rhythms. The system dynamically controls light intensity and color based on personalized profiles, synchronized with distinct times of the day, enhancing sleep quality. The integration of user profiles based on age refined these light profiles, addressing diverse sleep needs across age groups. Real-world experiments successfully validated the system's effectiveness across various age categories, demonstrating its application for tailored sleep solutions. The study makes a significant contribution to IoT-driven sleep interventions, setting a new standard for personalized approaches in the industry. Based on the successful implementation of the testing phase, recommendations for further refinement and expansion of the system are provided, such as exploring additional environmental factors for enhanced personalization, refining algorithms for improved real-time adjustments and considering user feedback for continuous system optimization. The study presents a groundbreaking solution for sleep enhancement and provides a roadmap for future advancements in personalized IoT-based interventions.","PeriodicalId":13964,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Emerging Trends in Engineering Research","volume":" 45","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141370152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-08DOI: 10.30534/ijeter/2024/011262024
F. B. Shenoda, Mahmoud Younes, El Aidy
An acoustic conductor is a simple method of impedance- matching of plane sound waves in pipes. The present work offers a theoretical study of a new design conductor, this conductor is based on a constant cross-section pipe and treated with a linear gradually increasing perforated area along its length. In addition, the study outlines a design procedure for optimizing the conductor performance. The design parameters such as the conductor length, the graduality factor of the perforated area along the conductor pipe, and the conductor cross-section diameter are separately studied in detail for the proposed conductor. The wave equation describing the sound propagation through the conductor is considered, and the solution of this wave equation is derived using the modified Hankle function for a plane sound wave. In general, the frequency dependence of the computed parameters such as the reflection coefficient, the normalized wave resistance, and the normalized wave reactance at the input of the considered acoustic conductor shows a sharp drop frequency, at which the reflection coefficient is less than 0.1, as well as, the wave propagation resistance tends to unity while the reactance tends to zero. The study summarized all designed parameters in one design parameter Ac, named the characteristic area of the conductor. The computed results show that increasing Ac leads to shifting the drop frequency towards low frequencies. This enables the designer to design the official sound conductor for specific applications under the available dimensions. A multiple treatment that gives small graduality and a large perforated area is computed, which provides good matching for the conductor. A reasonable agreement between the obtained results with a previous experimental study in our lab by Shenouda for this new conductor design
声导体是管道中平面声波阻抗匹配的一种简单方法。本研究对一种新设计的导体进行了理论研究，这种导体以恒定截面管道为基础，沿其长度线性逐渐增加穿孔面积。此外，研究还概述了优化导体性能的设计程序。对拟议导体的设计参数，如导体长度、沿导体管道穿孔面积的渐变系数和导体横截面直径，分别进行了详细研究。考虑了描述声音在导体中传播的波方程，并使用平面声波的修正汉克尔函数推导出了该波方程的解。一般来说，声导体输入端的反射系数、归一化波阻抗和归一化波电抗等计算参数的频率依赖性显示了一个急剧下降的频率，在这个频率上，反射系数小于 0.1，波传播阻抗趋于统一，而电抗趋于零。研究将所有设计参数归纳为一个设计参数 Ac，即导体的特征面积。计算结果表明，增加 Ac 会导致跌落频率向低频移动。这使得设计人员能够在现有尺寸条件下，为特定应用设计出正式的声导体。计算得出的多重处理方法具有较小的渐变性和较大的穿孔面积，为导体提供了良好的匹配。对于这种新的导体设计，所获得的结果与我们实验室之前由 Shenouda 进行的一项实验研究之间存在合理的一致性
{"title":"Analytical Model of a New Acoustic Conductor Lined with Linear Increasing Perforated Area","authors":"F. B. Shenoda, Mahmoud Younes, El Aidy","doi":"10.30534/ijeter/2024/011262024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30534/ijeter/2024/011262024","url":null,"abstract":"An acoustic conductor is a simple method of impedance- matching of plane sound waves in pipes. The present work offers a theoretical study of a new design conductor, this conductor is based on a constant cross-section pipe and treated with a linear gradually increasing perforated area along its length. In addition, the study outlines a design procedure for optimizing the conductor performance. The design parameters such as the conductor length, the graduality factor of the perforated area along the conductor pipe, and the conductor cross-section diameter are separately studied in detail for the proposed conductor. The wave equation describing the sound propagation through the conductor is considered, and the solution of this wave equation is derived using the modified Hankle function for a plane sound wave. In general, the frequency dependence of the computed parameters such as the reflection coefficient, the normalized wave resistance, and the normalized wave reactance at the input of the considered acoustic conductor shows a sharp drop frequency, at which the reflection coefficient is less than 0.1, as well as, the wave propagation resistance tends to unity while the reactance tends to zero. The study summarized all designed parameters in one design parameter Ac, named the characteristic area of the conductor. The computed results show that increasing Ac leads to shifting the drop frequency towards low frequencies. This enables the designer to design the official sound conductor for specific applications under the available dimensions. A multiple treatment that gives small graduality and a large perforated area is computed, which provides good matching for the conductor. A reasonable agreement between the obtained results with a previous experimental study in our lab by Shenouda for this new conductor design","PeriodicalId":13964,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Emerging Trends in Engineering Research","volume":" 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141368450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-07DOI: 10.30534/ijeter/2024/031252024
The Pagadian Diocesan Schools Information Monitoring System through Data Visualization is a web-based application meticulously developed to address the challenges of managing educational data across multiple schools within the Pagadian Diocese. Utilizing HTML, MySQL, PHP, CSS, and Bootstrap, the system streamlines the login process for administrators, enhances data monitoring, and provides a centralized view for superintendents. Through advanced data visualization tools, the platform presents essential metrics such as student population, income, and expenses, contributing significantly to the Pagadian government’s education initiatives while adhering to ethical data usage practices. Continuous user feedback ensures the refinement of the system, guaranteeing efficient and effective data management within the Pagadian Diocese. The study also encompasses the design, development, and testing phases of the system, following the Waterfall Model. Through rigorous testing, the system demonstrated commendable performance, stability, and security measures, with high user-friendliness and compatibility. The ISO/Logical Summary Report identified strengths in Functional Stability, Portability, Reliability, Security, Usability, and Maintainability, leading to a Total ISO/Logical Flow score of 90.94%. Overall, the system promises a smooth, effective, and dependable user experience, with room for improvement in UI design and error handling to enhance its performance further.
{"title":"Pagadian Diocesan Schools Information Monitoring System through Data Visualization","authors":"","doi":"10.30534/ijeter/2024/031252024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30534/ijeter/2024/031252024","url":null,"abstract":"The Pagadian Diocesan Schools Information Monitoring System through Data Visualization is a web-based application meticulously developed to address the challenges of managing educational data across multiple schools within the Pagadian Diocese. Utilizing HTML, MySQL, PHP, CSS, and Bootstrap, the system streamlines the login process for administrators, enhances data monitoring, and provides a centralized view for superintendents. Through advanced data visualization tools, the platform presents essential metrics such as student population, income, and expenses, contributing significantly to the Pagadian government’s education initiatives while adhering to ethical data usage practices. Continuous user feedback ensures the refinement of the system, guaranteeing efficient and effective data management within the Pagadian Diocese. The study also encompasses the design, development, and testing phases of the system, following the Waterfall Model. Through rigorous testing, the system demonstrated commendable performance, stability, and security measures, with high user-friendliness and compatibility. The ISO/Logical Summary Report identified strengths in Functional Stability, Portability, Reliability, Security, Usability, and Maintainability, leading to a Total ISO/Logical Flow score of 90.94%. Overall, the system promises a smooth, effective, and dependable user experience, with room for improvement in UI design and error handling to enhance its performance further.","PeriodicalId":13964,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Emerging Trends in Engineering Research","volume":"119 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141002981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-07DOI: 10.30534/ijeter/2024/021252024
The challenge of providing adequate lighting along highways, particularly at critical points such as sharp turns and speed breakers, poses significant safety concerns. Traditional energy sources often fail to meet the demands of continuous lighting, especially in remote areas. To tackle this challenge, we present an automatic lighting system aimed at selectively activating lights during nighttime while also reducing vehicle speed near or at danger zones. Entire system is designed as automatic, human involvement is not required; lights are controlled automatically by sensing the vehicles. Whenever the vehicle enters into the danger zone, lights will be energized and they remain in ON state until the vehicle leaves that area. The system will be activated automatically during dark. In this method precious energy acquired from the solar panel can be saved. During the day time the battery will be charged and this stored energy is utilized in the nights[10]. It is a novel approach to vehicle navigation and safety implementation, and also aimed at automatically sensing the areas/zones like Schools, Hospital Accident, etc and automatically reducing the speed of the vehicle for safety purposes.
{"title":"Solar Lights for Highways with Zone-Wise Speed Control System for Vehicle","authors":"","doi":"10.30534/ijeter/2024/021252024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30534/ijeter/2024/021252024","url":null,"abstract":"The challenge of providing adequate lighting along highways, particularly at critical points such as sharp turns and speed breakers, poses significant safety concerns. Traditional energy sources often fail to meet the demands of continuous lighting, especially in remote areas. To tackle this challenge, we present an automatic lighting system aimed at selectively activating lights during nighttime while also reducing vehicle speed near or at danger zones. Entire system is designed as automatic, human involvement is not required; lights are controlled automatically by sensing the vehicles. Whenever the vehicle enters into the danger zone, lights will be energized and they remain in ON state until the vehicle leaves that area. The system will be activated automatically during dark. In this method precious energy acquired from the solar panel can be saved. During the day time the battery will be charged and this stored energy is utilized in the nights[10]. It is a novel approach to vehicle navigation and safety implementation, and also aimed at automatically sensing the areas/zones like Schools, Hospital Accident, etc and automatically reducing the speed of the vehicle for safety purposes.","PeriodicalId":13964,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Emerging Trends in Engineering Research","volume":"22 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141005965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-07DOI: 10.30534/ijeter/2024/011252024
Advancements in integrated circuit (IC) technology and circuit design are enabling devices to replace complex biological applications. Despite this progress, achieving necessary functionality at low power levels is crucial for fully integrated systems. Biomedical devices like pacemakers, which require ongoing battery charging, operate at nanowatt power levels over several years. To ensure long-term pacemaker survival, an Analog Front End (AFE) with low to moderate power consumption and high precision is essential. The front-end Instrumentation Amplifier (INA) is vital for signal acquisition, significantly improving the effectiveness of ECG signal collection systems.The primary aim of this research is to develop an integrated ECG instrumentation amplifier (INA) that can deliver top-notch performance while keeping noise and power consumption to a minimum. This amplifier will enable seamless monitoring of the ECG signal without interruptions. Using an AC connected Common Mode Feedback system [1]. in conjunction with an Operational Trans-conductance Amplifier (OTA) that uses a Chopper stabilization technique, the study's band pass filtering response within the ECG signal frequency range of 0-100Hz is obtained as anticipated. CMOS 45 nm technology is used throughout the entire process using Mentor Graphics EDA Tools
{"title":"Design of Low Noise Low Power Instrumentation Amplifier for Biomedical Applications","authors":"","doi":"10.30534/ijeter/2024/011252024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30534/ijeter/2024/011252024","url":null,"abstract":"Advancements in integrated circuit (IC) technology and circuit design are enabling devices to replace complex biological applications. Despite this progress, achieving necessary functionality at low power levels is crucial for fully integrated systems. Biomedical devices like pacemakers, which require ongoing battery charging, operate at nanowatt power levels over several years. To ensure long-term pacemaker survival, an Analog Front End (AFE) with low to moderate power consumption and high precision is essential. The front-end Instrumentation Amplifier (INA) is vital for signal acquisition, significantly improving the effectiveness of ECG signal collection systems.The primary aim of this research is to develop an integrated ECG instrumentation amplifier (INA) that can deliver top-notch performance while keeping noise and power consumption to a minimum. This amplifier will enable seamless monitoring of the ECG signal without interruptions. Using an AC connected Common Mode Feedback system [1]. in conjunction with an Operational Trans-conductance Amplifier (OTA) that uses a Chopper stabilization technique, the study's band pass filtering response within the ECG signal frequency range of 0-100Hz is obtained as anticipated. CMOS 45 nm technology is used throughout the entire process using Mentor Graphics EDA Tools","PeriodicalId":13964,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Emerging Trends in Engineering Research","volume":"55 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141003068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-07DOI: 10.30534/ijeter/2024/041252024
Proposing a water-saving hand washing solution, we introduce a system designed to reduce water usage by over 95%. Highlighting the importance of hand hygiene in combating pandemics, we challenge the notion of excessive water requirement for effective disinfection. Our system, controlled by an Arduino microcontroller, incorporates ultrasonic sensors, mist maker, UV lamp, and timer buttons. It activates mist and UV components based on user-selected time, ensuring efficient disinfection. Alerts are issued if hands are prematurely removed, enhancing hygiene without water wastage
{"title":"Clear hands, Clear conscience: Fog disinfection, dry hand washing","authors":"","doi":"10.30534/ijeter/2024/041252024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30534/ijeter/2024/041252024","url":null,"abstract":"Proposing a water-saving hand washing solution, we introduce a system designed to reduce water usage by over 95%. Highlighting the importance of hand hygiene in combating pandemics, we challenge the notion of excessive water requirement for effective disinfection. Our system, controlled by an Arduino microcontroller, incorporates ultrasonic sensors, mist maker, UV lamp, and timer buttons. It activates mist and UV components based on user-selected time, ensuring efficient disinfection. Alerts are issued if hands are prematurely removed, enhancing hygiene without water wastage","PeriodicalId":13964,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Emerging Trends in Engineering Research","volume":"29 44","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141004601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-10DOI: 10.30534/ijeter/2024/031242024
Portable high speed digital devices are an emerging area and the designing of such circuits in VLSI is the need of the hour. Arithmetic and logic functions are the main blocks of such designs. Adders and subtractors are used in complex data processing to perform arithmetic operations. Designing of adders and subtractor using 6T XNOR demonstrates Low power, high speed switching and also optimized Area by means of transistor count compared to conventional adders and subtractors. This paper presents novel approach for 6T XNOR based full adder and full subtractor circuits. The circuit realization has been performed using DSCH and waveforms are obtained by using Micro wind 3.1
{"title":"Design of Novel Low Power 6T XNOR based Full Adder and Full Subtractor and Comparison of Various Adders and Subtractors","authors":"","doi":"10.30534/ijeter/2024/031242024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30534/ijeter/2024/031242024","url":null,"abstract":"Portable high speed digital devices are an emerging area and the designing of such circuits in VLSI is the need of the hour. Arithmetic and logic functions are the main blocks of such designs. Adders and subtractors are used in complex data processing to perform arithmetic operations. Designing of adders and subtractor using 6T XNOR demonstrates Low power, high speed switching and also optimized Area by means of transistor count compared to conventional adders and subtractors. This paper presents novel approach for 6T XNOR based full adder and full subtractor circuits. The circuit realization has been performed using DSCH and waveforms are obtained by using Micro wind 3.1","PeriodicalId":13964,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Emerging Trends in Engineering Research","volume":"2015 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140718629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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