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A configuration-enabled multiscale method for porous mechanical metamaterial structures incorporating nonlocal and surface effects 包含非局部和表面效应的多孔机械超材料结构的构型多尺度方法
IF 5.7 1区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijengsci.2025.104354
Yi Jiao, Shuo Li, Li Li
Metamaterials exhibit counterintuitive mechanical behaviors that derive from their artificial mesostructural configuration rather than the mechanical properties of each individual component. However, classical multiscale homogenization methods cannot capture the counterintuitive mechanical behaviors. This paper explores the role of mesoscopic configurations on the counterintuitive mechanical behavior of porous mechanical metamaterial structures, attributing the observed effects to nonlocal and surface effects arising from the configurations. A configuration-enabled multiscale method incorporating nonlocal and surface effects is proposed for porous mechanical metamaterial structures to efficiently and accurately forecast the configuration-induced nonlocal and surface effects. In the mesoscale, a variable-thickness representative volume element (RVE) is constructed; based on the variable-thickness RVE, the intrinsic length parameters of nonlocal and surface effects are calibrated for different configurations, thereby constructing an offline dataset. In the macroscale, porous mechanical metamaterial structures are modeled as homogenization structures incorporating nonlocal and surface effects, and the closed-form solution of displacements is derived for porous mechanical metamaterial bars. With the help of the offline dataset of the intrinsic length parameters and the closed-form solution of displacements, the performance of the proposed configuration-enabled multiscale approach, evaluated in terms of accuracy and computational efficiency, is directly compared to a high-fidelity finite element method (FEM) that fully solves the mesoscopic structural configuration. Results indicate that the configuration-enabled multiscale method incorporating nonlocal and surface effects not only offers an accurate representation of the multiscale architecture, significantly outperforming the classical multiscale homogenization approach, but also significantly reduces the computational efficiency of the high-fidelity FEM.
超材料表现出违反直觉的力学行为,这些行为来自于它们的人工介观结构构型,而不是每个单独组分的力学性能。然而,经典的多尺度均匀化方法无法捕捉到反直觉的力学行为。本文探讨了介观结构对多孔力学超材料结构的反直觉力学行为的作用,并将观察到的效应归因于由介观结构引起的非局部和表面效应。为了有效、准确地预测多孔力学超材料结构的非局部和表面效应,提出了一种包含非局部和表面效应的构型多尺度方法。在中尺度上,构造了变厚度代表体积元(RVE);在变厚度RVE的基础上,针对不同的配置,标定了非局部效应和表面效应的本征长度参数,从而构建了离线数据集。在宏观尺度上,将多孔力学超材料结构建模为包含非局部和表面效应的均质结构,推导了多孔力学超材料杆的位移闭合解。借助固有长度参数的离线数据集和位移的封闭形式解,将所提出的构型支持多尺度方法的性能在精度和计算效率方面进行了评估,并直接与完全解决细观结构构型的高保真有限元方法(FEM)进行了比较。结果表明,结合非局部和表面效应的构型多尺度方法不仅能准确表征多尺度结构,显著优于经典的多尺度均匀化方法,而且能显著降低高保真有限元的计算效率。
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引用次数: 0
An efficient decoupling algorithm for thermoelastic dynamic system of elliptic membrane shell 椭圆膜壳热弹性动力系统的有效解耦算法
IF 5.7 1区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijengsci.2025.104353
Wangxi Duan , Xiaoqin Shen , Paolo Piersanti , Ying Liu , Mingchao Cai
In this study, we propose a novel computational framework for approximating the dynamics of the elliptic membrane shell model when it is coupled with thermal equations. The algorithm we propose here effectively addresses the coupling between the displacement and temperature fields, significantly reducing computational complexity. Spatial discretization is performed using the finite element method, while time discretization is based on the Newmark–Crank–Nicolson scheme. Numerical experiments are conducted on parts of elliptic and spherical shells, and the corresponding errors are analyzed for different values of the Newmark parameters and spatial steps for varying material parameters. Notably, we observe that the error convergence is influenced by the symmetry of the middle surface of the elliptic membrane under consideration.
在这项研究中,我们提出了一个新的计算框架来近似椭圆膜壳模型的动力学,当它与热方程耦合时。本文提出的算法有效地解决了位移场和温度场之间的耦合问题,大大降低了计算复杂度。空间离散采用有限元方法,时间离散采用Newmark-Crank-Nicolson格式。对椭圆壳和球壳零件进行了数值实验,分析了不同材料参数下Newmark参数值和空间步长所对应的误差。值得注意的是,我们观察到误差收敛受到所考虑的椭圆膜中间表面对称性的影响。
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引用次数: 0
A novel computational framework for wave propagation analysis of periodic 3D small-size solids 周期性三维小尺寸固体波传播分析的新计算框架
IF 5.7 1区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijengsci.2025.104350
Andrea Francesco Russillo, Giuseppe Failla
Analysing elastic wave propagation in periodic small-size structures plays an important role in the design of many micro- and nano-engineering devices. However, as ad hoc size-dependent continuum theories are required to capture size effects, pertinent computational tools shall be developed to characterize the wave propagation properties. In this context, this paper introduces an original computational framework to build the dispersion diagram of periodic 3D small-size solids of arbitrary shape, as modelled by the well-established Eringen’s nonlocal integral theory. The framework makes use of a suitable periodic Bloch ansatz to represent the response variables involved in the weak formulation of the integro-differential free-vibration equilibrium equations of the unit cell. Building on the periodicity of the Bloch ansatz and introducing an appropriate change of variables, it is shown that the integral coupling the response at a given point of the unit cell to the responses at all points of the solid can be reverted to the summation of integrals defined on the domain of the unit cell only. This remarkable result paves the way to solve the wave propagation problem by a finite element formulation of the free-vibration equilibrium equations of the unit cell, which involves a standard mass matrix, a local stiffness matrix and a nonlocal stiffness matrix, with the latter being expressed by the infinite summation of nonlocal matrices accounting for the nonlocal interactions between the unit cell and the surrounding cells of the solid. In fact, the summation can be truncated to a finite order depending on the nonlocal horizon of the kernel function selected for the nonlocal integral model and the dispersion diagram can be obtained from a linear eigenvalue problem, derived enforcing the Bloch conditions in the finite element free-vibration equilibrium equations of the unit cell. Numerical applications substantiate correctness and accuracy of the proposed framework, which enables a consistent application of the Eringen’s nonlocal integral theory to study wave propagation in periodic 3D small-size structures of arbitrary shape, for the first time to the best of authors’ knowledge.
分析弹性波在周期性小尺寸结构中的传播在许多微纳米工程器件的设计中起着重要的作用。然而,由于需要特别的尺寸依赖连续体理论来捕捉尺寸效应,因此应开发相关的计算工具来表征波的传播特性。在此背景下,本文介绍了一种原始的计算框架来建立任意形状的周期性三维小尺寸固体的色散图,该色散图由已建立的Eringen非局部积分理论建模。该框架利用一个合适的周期Bloch方差来表示单元格的积分-微分自由振动平衡方程弱表达式中涉及的响应变量。基于Bloch函数的周期性,并引入适当的变量变换,证明了单元格中某一点的响应与固体中所有点的响应耦合的积分可以还原为仅在单元格域上定义的积分之和。这一显著的结果为用单元格自由振动平衡方程的有限元形式来解决波传播问题铺平了道路。单元格的自由振动平衡方程包括标准质量矩阵、局部刚度矩阵和非局部刚度矩阵,后者由非局部矩阵的无限求和来表示,考虑了单元格与固体周围单元之间的非局部相互作用。事实上,根据为非局部积分模型选择的核函数的非局部视界,可以将求和截断到有限阶,并且可以从线性特征值问题中获得色散图,该问题在单元格的有限元自由振动平衡方程中得到Bloch条件。数值应用证实了所提框架的正确性和准确性,这使得Eringen非局部积分理论能够在任意形状的周期性三维小尺寸结构中一致地应用于研究波的传播,这是作者所知的第一次。
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引用次数: 0
Lagrangian theory of extensible elastica with arbitrary undeformed shape 任意不变形可扩展弹性的拉格朗日理论
IF 5.7 1区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijengsci.2025.104383
Alessandro Taloni , Daniele Vilone , Giuseppe Ruta
This work presents a consistent formulation of the Lagrangian function for slender elastic bodies with arbitrary initial geometries, within a dynamic framework and under finite displacements. Building upon and extending previous research, we develop a rigorous expression for the kinetic energy, thereby completing the Lagrangian formulation. Our approach ensures consistency across geometric and dynamic nonlinearities. Furthermore, we derive pattern solutions for representative benchmark problems, illustrating the applicability and versatility of the proposed framework. These results open new avenues for the application of our formulation across various domains in applied science and engineering.
这项工作提出了具有任意初始几何形状的细长弹性体的拉格朗日函数的一致公式,在动态框架内和有限位移下。在前人研究的基础上,我们提出了一个严谨的动能表达式,从而完成了拉格朗日公式。我们的方法确保了几何非线性和动态非线性的一致性。此外,我们推导了典型基准问题的模式解决方案,说明了所提出框架的适用性和通用性。这些结果为我们的公式在应用科学和工程的各个领域的应用开辟了新的途径。
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引用次数: 0
Multi-scale non-affine mechanics of electro-magneto-active elastomers: Taut domain exploitable convolution of polymer chain crosslinks, entanglements and finite extensibility 电磁活性弹性体的多尺度非仿射力学:聚合物链交联、缠结和有限可扩展性的紧域可开发卷积
IF 5.7 1区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijengsci.2025.104378
Aman Khurana , Susmita Naskar , M.M. Joglekar , Tanmoy Mukhopadhyay
Actuation devices fabricated using smart polymers often exhibit wrinkling and pull-in instability when they are subjected to external stimulation. These instabilities can disrupt the intended functionality of the actuation devices and hinder their reliability. The underlying reason for these instabilities is the complicated architecture of the polymer network, which results in a complex and chaotic arrangement of crosslinks and entanglements in smart elastomer membranes. This convoluted structure significantly influences the mechanical behavior of the polymers when external forces are applied. To better understand and characterize these instability phenomena, the present study develops a physics-based non-affine material model incorporating the effects of critical factors like polymer chain crosslinks, entanglements, and finite extensibility. By considering the intricate interplay among these factors, the model provides fundamental insights into the mechanisms behind the instability phenomena in smart polymers. Subsequently, the study explores the relationship between the applied electromagnetic field and the taut domains. The findings reveal that the size of the taut domains can be effectively altered by manipulating the levels of polymer chain crosslinks, entanglements, and finite extensibility. It is observed that, for a given level of applied electromagnetic field, increasing the entanglement and crosslink parameter leads to a larger taut domain. Conversely, an increase in the finite extensibility of the polymer chain diminishes the taut domain under the same level of electromagnetic loading. These understandings open up new avenues for optimizing actuation devices by adjusting the intricate properties of polymer chains to enhance stability and performance by unlocking the full multi-physical potential of smart elastomers.
使用智能聚合物制造的驱动装置在受到外部刺激时经常表现出起皱和拉入不稳定性。这些不稳定性可能会破坏致动装置的预期功能,并阻碍其可靠性。这些不稳定性的根本原因是聚合物网络的复杂结构,导致智能弹性体膜中交联和缠结的复杂和混乱排列。当施加外力时,这种卷曲的结构显著影响聚合物的力学行为。为了更好地理解和表征这些不稳定现象,本研究开发了一个基于物理的非仿射材料模型,该模型结合了聚合物链交联、纠缠和有限可扩展性等关键因素的影响。通过考虑这些因素之间错综复杂的相互作用,该模型为智能聚合物中不稳定现象背后的机制提供了基本的见解。随后,研究了外加电磁场与紧绷畴之间的关系。研究结果表明,通过控制聚合物链交联、缠结和有限可扩展性的水平,可以有效地改变绷紧结构域的大小。我们观察到,对于给定的外加电磁场水平,增加纠缠和交联参数会导致更大的拉紧域。相反,在相同水平的电磁载荷下,聚合物链有限可扩展性的增加减少了张力域。这些认识为优化驱动装置开辟了新的途径,通过调整聚合物链的复杂特性,通过释放智能弹性体的全部多物理潜力来提高稳定性和性能。
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引用次数: 0
On the electromagnetic Cosserat spectral modelling of fibre-reinforced composites with fibre bending stiffness 考虑纤维弯曲刚度的纤维增强复合材料的电磁Cosserat谱建模
IF 5.7 1区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijengsci.2025.104360
M.H.B.M. Shariff
In this study, we develop a nonlinear framework based on spectral invariants to model the electromagnetic behaviour of fibre-reinforced composites, explicitly accounting for the fibre stiffness of the embedded fibres. Employing Cosserat continuum theory, we derive general constitutive equations for stress and couple stress that capture the interactions between mechanical and electromagnetic fields. These equations also enable a physically meaningful decomposition of the couple stress tensor. To model materials in which fibre bending plays a dominant role, we refine the general constitutive equations by restricting their dependence on fibre direction gradients to directional derivatives along the fibre axis. Prototype forms of the internal energy function are proposed for both the general and specialized cases. We demonstrate the applicability of the specialized model by solving boundary value problems involving fibre bending and inflation, highlighting its physical relevance. The results offer a foundation for the design and simulation of advanced smart materials, particularly in applications where electromagnetic effects and fibre microstructure are strongly coupled.
在这项研究中,我们开发了一个基于谱不变量的非线性框架来模拟纤维增强复合材料的电磁行为,明确地考虑了嵌入纤维的纤维刚度。采用Cosserat连续统理论,我们推导了应力和耦合应力的一般本构方程,这些本构方程捕捉了机械和电磁场之间的相互作用。这些方程还可以对耦合应力张量进行有物理意义的分解。为了模拟纤维弯曲起主导作用的材料,我们通过将其对纤维方向梯度的依赖限制为沿纤维轴的方向导数来改进一般本构方程。针对一般情况和特殊情况,提出了内能函数的原型形式。我们通过解决涉及纤维弯曲和膨胀的边值问题来证明专用模型的适用性,突出其物理相关性。研究结果为先进智能材料的设计和模拟提供了基础,特别是在电磁效应和纤维微观结构强耦合的应用中。
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引用次数: 0
Symmetric band structure preserving finite element model updating problem for undamped structural systems with no spill-over 无外溢无阻尼结构体系的对称带结构保留有限元模型更新问题
IF 5.7 1区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijengsci.2025.104389
Xianlu Liao , Yongxin Yuan
The greatest challenge for updating finite element models is to preserve the physical connectivity of the original model while ensuring that the updating is of no spill-over. In this paper, we will construct an iterative method to update mass and stiffness matrices simultaneously by utilizing modal test data and the linear projection operator FL, where L is the linear subspace of SRn×n consisting of all n×n sparse band matrices. After finite iteration steps, we obtain the updated model which can exactly reproduce the measured data. The method can preserve both no spill-over and symmetric band structure of the mass and stiffness matrices. Three numerical examples illustrate that the proposed method is accurate and efficient.
更新有限元模型的最大挑战是在保持原始模型的物理连通性的同时确保更新不会溢出。本文将利用模态试验数据和线性投影算子FL构建一种同时更新质量矩阵和刚度矩阵的迭代方法,其中L是由所有n×n稀疏带矩阵组成的SRn×n的线性子空间。经过有限的迭代步骤,得到了能准确再现实测数据的更新模型。该方法既能保持质量矩阵和刚度矩阵的无溢出,又能保持对称带结构。三个算例验证了该方法的准确性和有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Dynamic relaxation in metallic glasses: A unified view from quasi-point defects and fractional viscoelasticity 金属玻璃的动态松弛:从准点缺陷和分数粘弹性的统一观点
IF 5.7 1区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijengsci.2025.104394
Y.M. Chen , Y.H. Xiao , Guo-Jian Lyu , B. Wang , Yun-Jiang Wang , Y. Yang , E. Pineda , C. Fusco , L. Chazeau , J.C. Qiao
Amorphous solids are ubiquitous in nature, and their non-Debye relaxation behaviors are often modeled using the stretched exponential function or the power-law form. However, these empirical approaches lack a clear physical landscape and direct ties to the underlying microstructure. Dynamic mechanical relaxation is a key metric for understanding the mechanical and physical properties of amorphous solids with viscoelastic characteristics. This study focuses on dynamic mechanical relaxation behavior of Cu50Zr43Al7 metallic glass, a typical representative of amorphous solids. We employ the simplified modified fractional-order model, combining the quasi-point defect theory and the fractional calculus, to investigate the mechanical relaxation spectrum of Cu50Zr43Al7 metallic glass in temperature domain. Our findings demonstrate the convergence between mechanical (simplified modified fractional-order model) and physical (quasi-point defect theory) viewpoints. Molecular dynamics simulations reveal that variations of parameter χ (or α) in the models is closely related to changes in icosahedral clusters. Additionally, calculation of local pair entropy S2 for atoms before and after annealing, along with analysis of the “entropy-rising” atoms during annealing, show a strong correlation with the quasi-point defects.
非晶固体在自然界中无处不在,它们的非德拜弛豫行为通常用拉伸指数函数或幂律形式来建模。然而,这些经验方法缺乏清晰的物理景观和与底层微观结构的直接联系。动态力学松弛是理解具有粘弹性特性的非晶态固体力学和物理特性的关键指标。本文主要研究非晶固体的典型代表Cu50Zr43Al7金属玻璃的动态力学弛豫行为。采用简化的修正分数阶模型,结合准点缺陷理论和分数阶微积分,研究了Cu50Zr43Al7金属玻璃在温度域的力学弛豫谱。我们的发现证明了力学(简化修正分数阶模型)和物理(准点缺陷理论)观点之间的收敛性。分子动力学模拟表明,模型中参数χ(或α)的变化与二十面体簇的变化密切相关。此外,计算了退火前后原子的局域对熵S2,并对退火过程中原子的“熵上升”现象进行了分析,结果表明准点缺陷与局域对熵S2有很强的相关性。
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引用次数: 0
A geometric one-fluid model of superfluid helium-4 超流体氦-4的几何单流体模型
IF 5.7 1区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijengsci.2025.104377
Nadine Suzan Cetin , Michal Pavelka , Emil Varga
A standard description of superfluid helium-4 is based on the concept of two components (superfluid and normal), which leads to the so called two-fluid models. However, as there are no two kinds of atoms in helium-4, the two components cannot be separated. Superfluid helium-4 is not a mixture of two components, being rather a single fluid with two motions. Here, we present a geometric one-fluid model of superfluid helium-4, which is based on the Hamiltonian formulation of fluid mechanics. The model is derived from the kinetic theory of excitations (treated as an ideal Bose gas under the temperature 1.3K) and average particle motions. It can be simplified to the Hall–Vinen–Bekharevich–Khalatnikov (HVBK) two-fluid model, where it removes one fitting parameter from the HVBK model, but it also gives extra terms beyond the HVBK model. Actually, we show that the two-fluid models are problematic in case of higher counter-flow velocities, where the usual splitting of total momentum to the superfluid and normal component becomes impossible. Finally, we show how vortex line density may be added to the state variables. The one-fluid model can be seen as a generalization of the two-fluid models that is geometrically consistent, fully compressible, with non-zero superfluid vorticity, and compatible with classical experiments.
超流体氦-4的标准描述是基于两组分(超流体和正常)的概念,这导致了所谓的双流体模型。然而,由于氦-4中没有两种原子,这两种成分不能分开。超流体氦-4不是两种成分的混合物,而是一种具有两种运动的单一流体。本文提出了一个基于流体力学哈密顿公式的超流体氦-4的几何单流体模型。该模型由激发态(在温度1.3K下作为理想玻色气体)和平均粒子运动的动力学理论推导而来。它可以简化为Hall-Vinen-Bekharevich-Khalatnikov (HVBK)双流体模型,其中它从HVBK模型中删除了一个拟合参数,但它也给出了超出HVBK模型的额外项。实际上,我们表明,双流体模型在较高逆流速度的情况下是有问题的,在这种情况下,通常的总动量向超流体和法向分量的分裂变得不可能。最后,我们展示了如何将涡线密度添加到状态变量中。单流体模型可以看作是双流体模型的推广,它几何上一致,完全可压缩,具有非零超流体涡量,并且与经典实验相兼容。
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引用次数: 0
Physics augmented machine learning discovery of composition-dependent constitutive laws for 3D printed digital materials 物理增强机器学习发现3D打印数字材料的成分依赖本构定律
IF 5.7 1区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijengsci.2025.104381
Steven Yang , Michal Levin , Govinda Anantha Padmanabha , Miriam Borshevsky , Ohad Cohen , D. Thomas Seidl , Reese E. Jones , Nikolaos Bouklas , Noy Cohen
Multi-material 3D printing, particularly through polymer jetting, enables the fabrication of digital materials by mixing distinct photopolymers at the micron scale within a single build to create a composite with tunable mechanical properties. This work presents an integrated experimental and computational investigation into the composition-dependent mechanical behavior of 3D printed digital materials. We experimentally characterize five formulations, combining soft and rigid UV-cured polymers under uniaxial tension and torsion across three strain and twist rates. The results reveal nonlinear and rate-dependent responses that strongly depend on composition. To model this behavior, we develop a physics-augmented neural network (PANN) that combines a partially input convex neural network (pICNN) for learning the composition-dependent hyperelastic strain energy function with a quasi-linear viscoelastic (QLV) formulation for time-dependent response. The pICNN ensures convexity with respect to strain invariants while allowing non-convex dependence on composition. To enhance interpretability, we apply L0 sparsification. For the time-dependent response, we introduce a multilayer perceptron (MLP) to predict viscoelastic relaxation parameters from composition. The proposed model accurately captures the nonlinear, rate-dependent behavior of 3D printed digital materials in both uniaxial tension and torsion, achieving high predictive accuracy for interpolated material compositions. This approach provides a scalable framework for automated, composition-aware constitutive model discovery for multi-material 3D printing.
多材料3D打印,特别是通过聚合物喷射,可以通过在单个构建中以微米尺度混合不同的光聚合物来制造数字材料,从而创建具有可调机械性能的复合材料。这项工作提出了一个综合的实验和计算调查的成分依赖的机械行为的3D打印数字材料。我们通过实验表征了五种配方,将柔软和刚性的uv固化聚合物结合在单轴拉伸和扭转下,跨越三种应变和扭转率。结果显示非线性和速率相关的响应,强烈依赖于组成。为了模拟这种行为,我们开发了一个物理增强神经网络(PANN),该网络结合了用于学习成分依赖的超弹性应变能函数的部分输入凸神经网络(pICNN)和用于时间依赖响应的准线性粘弹性(QLV)公式。pICNN保证了相对于应变不变量的凸性,同时允许对组合的非凸依赖。为了提高可解释性,我们采用L0稀疏化。对于随时间变化的响应,我们引入了多层感知器(MLP)来从组成中预测粘弹性松弛参数。所提出的模型准确地捕获了3D打印数字材料在单轴张力和扭转下的非线性、速率依赖行为,对内插材料成分实现了很高的预测精度。这种方法为多材料3D打印的自动化、成分感知本构模型发现提供了一个可扩展的框架。
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引用次数: 0
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International Journal of Engineering Science
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