Pub Date : 2023-03-25DOI: 10.24940/ijird/2023/v12/i1/jan23007
J.A.A.Agbonika, (SAN), Angela Ngozi Dick, Ozoude Theresa O, J.A. Odu, Patrick Sunday Ibbi
The role of women in nation-building has continued to attract global attention. With changing policies and the resulting emphasis on female education, the ground is shifting as many women have entered previously male-dominated fields such as medicine, law, politics, the academia, among others. However, women still must pass some sociocultural and institutional hurdles to be able to attain a meaningful level of growth in their chosen careers. Despite the progress that women in the professional sphere have made, they remain underrepresented in strategic and essential positions. In fact, in academia, the representation of women can be likened to a pyramid where only a very small and, indeed, insignificant number of women exist at the top and in key leadership positions, especially in Nigeria. This position also applies to Prince Abubakar Audu University and Veritas University, Abuja, by implication. In this research, we have adopted the doctrinal approach and found that women still have a long way to go compared to men in attaining leadership roles. More work needs to be done collectively by men and women to place women in the leadership scheme.
{"title":"Interrogating the Roles of Women Academics in Tertiary Institutions in Nigeria: Prince Abubakar Audu University and Veritas University, Abuja in Focus","authors":"J.A.A.Agbonika, (SAN), Angela Ngozi Dick, Ozoude Theresa O, J.A. Odu, Patrick Sunday Ibbi","doi":"10.24940/ijird/2023/v12/i1/jan23007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24940/ijird/2023/v12/i1/jan23007","url":null,"abstract":"The role of women in nation-building has continued to attract global attention. With changing policies and the resulting emphasis on female education, the ground is shifting as many women have entered previously male-dominated fields such as medicine, law, politics, the academia, among others. However, women still must pass some sociocultural and institutional hurdles to be able to attain a meaningful level of growth in their chosen careers. Despite the progress that women in the professional sphere have made, they remain underrepresented in strategic and essential positions. In fact, in academia, the representation of women can be likened to a pyramid where only a very small and, indeed, insignificant number of women exist at the top and in key leadership positions, especially in Nigeria. This position also applies to Prince Abubakar Audu University and Veritas University, Abuja, by implication. In this research, we have adopted the doctrinal approach and found that women still have a long way to go compared to men in attaining leadership roles. More work needs to be done collectively by men and women to place women in the leadership scheme.","PeriodicalId":14101,"journal":{"name":"International journal of innovative research and development","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87851261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-25DOI: 10.24940/ijird/2023/v12/i2/feb23003
Eric Kwadwo Amissah, James Kwasi Gyimah
The study concerned itself with the exploration of the misconception held by Graphic Design students in Technical Universities, with particular emphasis on Takoradi Technical University (TTU) and, to some extent, by some Graphic Arts/Printing Press Practitioners in Ghana that a printing press operator (a printer) and a publisher are the same in meaning and work or can be used interchangeably to connote same. The objectives of the study were to: Identify who a printing press operator and a publisher is; Find out the differences between a printing press operator and that of a publisher, Draw the workflow chart of a printing press operator and a publisher, and Draw conclusions based on the prospects of changing the misconception narrative among Graphic Design students in Technical Universities and some Graphic Arts/Printing Press Practitioners in Ghana The study was carried out at the Department of Graphic Design Technology, Faculty of Applied Arts and Technology (FAAT), TTU, in Ghana. An expert purposive sampling technique was adopted. The research design employed was a qualitative research approach since the nature of the study required heavy reliance upon extensive observation, document reviews, verbal data from Graphic Arts/Printing Press Practitioners, course lecturers, experts well-versed in the printing press and publishing activities, and Graphic Design students that resulted in non-numerical data. Data for the study were gathered from two main sources: Primary – through interaction and observation sources, and Secondary – through literary sources Content analysis and descriptive analyses were employed to present and analyze the data. The study recommended that adequate information in relation to who a printing press operator and a publisher are and what their individual workflow and activities are should be inculcated in the Graphic Design programme being run and pursued at the Technical Universities to eradicate that deep-seated misconception held by Graphic Design students.
{"title":"Printing Press Operator and Publisher: The Misconception of Graphic Design Students in Technical Universities in Ghana","authors":"Eric Kwadwo Amissah, James Kwasi Gyimah","doi":"10.24940/ijird/2023/v12/i2/feb23003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24940/ijird/2023/v12/i2/feb23003","url":null,"abstract":"The study concerned itself with the exploration of the misconception held by Graphic Design students in Technical Universities, with particular emphasis on Takoradi Technical University (TTU) and, to some extent, by some Graphic Arts/Printing Press Practitioners in Ghana that a printing press operator (a printer) and a publisher are the same in meaning and work or can be used interchangeably to connote same. The objectives of the study were to: \u0000 \u0000Identify who a printing press operator and a publisher is; \u0000Find out the differences between a printing press operator and that of a publisher, \u0000Draw the workflow chart of a printing press operator and a publisher, and \u0000Draw conclusions based on the prospects of changing the misconception narrative among Graphic Design students in Technical Universities and some Graphic Arts/Printing Press Practitioners in Ghana \u0000 \u0000The study was carried out at the Department of Graphic Design Technology, Faculty of Applied Arts and Technology (FAAT), TTU, in Ghana. An expert purposive sampling technique was adopted. The research design employed was a qualitative research approach since the nature of the study required heavy reliance upon extensive observation, document reviews, verbal data from Graphic Arts/Printing Press Practitioners, course lecturers, experts well-versed in the printing press and publishing activities, and Graphic Design students that resulted in non-numerical data. Data for the study were gathered from two main sources: \u0000 \u0000Primary – through interaction and observation sources, and \u0000Secondary – through literary sources \u0000 \u0000Content analysis and descriptive analyses were employed to present and analyze the data. The study recommended that adequate information in relation to who a printing press operator and a publisher are and what their individual workflow and activities are should be inculcated in the Graphic Design programme being run and pursued at the Technical Universities to eradicate that deep-seated misconception held by Graphic Design students.","PeriodicalId":14101,"journal":{"name":"International journal of innovative research and development","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87878401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-25DOI: 10.24940/ijird/2023/v12/i1/jan23011
Amiebenomo Sebastian Oaihimire, O. Ighodalo, O.A. Ozigi
A lot of process variables affect the surface roughness obtained in turned machine parts. One of these variables is bearing clearance. However, there is limited information on the influence of bearing clearance on surface integrity. This paper is an optimization study in which the surface roughness of AISI 1018 mild steel is minimized with the aid of the response surface methodology. In this paper, the effect of process parameters like cutting speed, feed, depth of cut, and bearing clearance is analyzed to ascertain how the surface finish properties of mild steel can be improved. The design of the experiment used for this study involves a rotatable central composite system. This design is used to find the experimental results of machining. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the statistical significance of the improved quadratic model developed. The numerical and graphical optimization carried out determined the optimum values of each of the parameters used in different ways. From the ANOVA, it was revealed that the most significant factor in the model was the depth of cut. This factor was closely followed by spindle speed, bearing clearance, and feed, respectively. Numerical optimization results employing the desirability function showed optimum values to be at bearing clearance of 70um, depth of cut of 2.5mm, feed of 0.01mm/rev, and a spindle speed of 450rpm. The result obtained using the graphical optimization option was similar to the results from the other options. The variation of surface roughness with the process parameters chosen for the experiment was mathematically modeled. The model developed used the response surface methodology, and it was validated with a set of experimental values. The result from the exercise undertaken revealed that the predicted values of the surface roughness were very close to measured values. The average percentage deviation of 6.20% for all sample data utilized showed that the model developed was in close agreement with the experimental results.
{"title":"Optimization of Machining Parameters in Mild Steel Turning Operation by Response Surface Methodology","authors":"Amiebenomo Sebastian Oaihimire, O. Ighodalo, O.A. Ozigi","doi":"10.24940/ijird/2023/v12/i1/jan23011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24940/ijird/2023/v12/i1/jan23011","url":null,"abstract":"A lot of process variables affect the surface roughness obtained in turned machine parts. One of these variables is bearing clearance. However, there is limited information on the influence of bearing clearance on surface integrity. This paper is an optimization study in which the surface roughness of AISI 1018 mild steel is minimized with the aid of the response surface methodology. In this paper, the effect of process parameters like cutting speed, feed, depth of cut, and bearing clearance is analyzed to ascertain how the surface finish properties of mild steel can be improved. The design of the experiment used for this study involves a rotatable central composite system. This design is used to find the experimental results of machining. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the statistical significance of the improved quadratic model developed. The numerical and graphical optimization carried out determined the optimum values of each of the parameters used in different ways. From the ANOVA, it was revealed that the most significant factor in the model was the depth of cut. This factor was closely followed by spindle speed, bearing clearance, and feed, respectively. Numerical optimization results employing the desirability function showed optimum values to be at bearing clearance of 70um, depth of cut of 2.5mm, feed of 0.01mm/rev, and a spindle speed of 450rpm. The result obtained using the graphical optimization option was similar to the results from the other options. The variation of surface roughness with the process parameters chosen for the experiment was mathematically modeled. The model developed used the response surface methodology, and it was validated with a set of experimental values. The result from the exercise undertaken revealed that the predicted values of the surface roughness were very close to measured values. The average percentage deviation of 6.20% for all sample data utilized showed that the model developed was in close agreement with the experimental results.","PeriodicalId":14101,"journal":{"name":"International journal of innovative research and development","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73612853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-13DOI: 10.24940/ijird/2023/v12/i2/feb23007
Peter Tobore Ofoyeju, Nelson Ejiro Akpotu, Ebele Joyce Egwunyenga
This study examined rates of teacher attrition and the multiple factors influencing teacher attrition in public secondary schools in Bayelsa and Delta States, Nigeria, between 2015 and 2019 with a view to providing empirically-based, lasting solutions to the challenges of teacher attrition in Bayelsa and Delta states, Nigeria. Relying on state teachers' evidence and data, two research questions were posed to guide the study. The population of the study consists of 1563 public secondary school teachers. Using Cochran's formula for sample size determination, 723 teachers were sampled randomly for the study. The structured instrument for the investigation was validated, and its reliability was determined using Croncbach's Alpha statistical tool. A reliability value of 0.73 was found. Data analysis shows that salary and remuneration are remarkably associated with teachers' exit. Non-monetary motivation is not a sustainable substitute for an improved competitive salary. The study recommends attractive and competitive remuneration and improved teacher conditions of service, among others.
{"title":"Determinants of Teacher Attrition in Public Secondary Schools in Bayelsa and Delta States, Nigeria","authors":"Peter Tobore Ofoyeju, Nelson Ejiro Akpotu, Ebele Joyce Egwunyenga","doi":"10.24940/ijird/2023/v12/i2/feb23007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24940/ijird/2023/v12/i2/feb23007","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined rates of teacher attrition and the multiple factors influencing teacher attrition in public secondary schools in Bayelsa and Delta States, Nigeria, between 2015 and 2019 with a view to providing empirically-based, lasting solutions to the challenges of teacher attrition in Bayelsa and Delta states, Nigeria. Relying on state teachers' evidence and data, two research questions were posed to guide the study. The population of the study consists of 1563 public secondary school teachers. Using Cochran's formula for sample size determination, 723 teachers were sampled randomly for the study. The structured instrument for the investigation was validated, and its reliability was determined using Croncbach's Alpha statistical tool. A reliability value of 0.73 was found. Data analysis shows that salary and remuneration are remarkably associated with teachers' exit. Non-monetary motivation is not a sustainable substitute for an improved competitive salary. The study recommends attractive and competitive remuneration and improved teacher conditions of service, among others.","PeriodicalId":14101,"journal":{"name":"International journal of innovative research and development","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80023529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-13DOI: 10.24940/ijird/2023/v12/i2/feb23012
Peter Tobore Ofoyeju, Nelson Ejiro Akpotu, Ebele Joyce Egwunyenga
This study sought to determine the predictors of teachers' transfers within state-owned secondary academies in Bayelsa and Delta States with a view to determining the reasons for teachers' transfers within state secondary academies. Using Cochran's Alpha formula for small sample size determination, three hundred fifty (723) teachers were sampled from a population of 15,631 for their opinion on why teachers seek transfers. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain data for the study, along with data on teachers' transfers collected from the secondary school management boards of both states. The instrument was validated, and a reliability value of 0.77 was found for teachers using Cronbach's alpha statistic tool. Findings show that a remarkable number of teachers leave a particular school within the jurisdiction of the school system annually; however, analyses with Pearson's product-moment coefficient indicate that teachers' transfers are not remarkably linked to students' mobility; instead, the need to pass external examinations is. The study recommends, among other things, strict compliance with transfer practices.
{"title":"Factors of Teacher Transfer in Bayelsa and Delta States, Nigeria","authors":"Peter Tobore Ofoyeju, Nelson Ejiro Akpotu, Ebele Joyce Egwunyenga","doi":"10.24940/ijird/2023/v12/i2/feb23012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24940/ijird/2023/v12/i2/feb23012","url":null,"abstract":"This study sought to determine the predictors of teachers' transfers within state-owned secondary academies in Bayelsa and Delta States with a view to determining the reasons for teachers' transfers within state secondary academies. Using Cochran's Alpha formula for small sample size determination, three hundred fifty (723) teachers were sampled from a population of 15,631 for their opinion on why teachers seek transfers. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain data for the study, along with data on teachers' transfers collected from the secondary school management boards of both states. The instrument was validated, and a reliability value of 0.77 was found for teachers using Cronbach's alpha statistic tool. Findings show that a remarkable number of teachers leave a particular school within the jurisdiction of the school system annually; however, analyses with Pearson's product-moment coefficient indicate that teachers' transfers are not remarkably linked to students' mobility; instead, the need to pass external examinations is. The study recommends, among other things, strict compliance with transfer practices.","PeriodicalId":14101,"journal":{"name":"International journal of innovative research and development","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86108664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-13DOI: 10.24940/ijird/2023/v12/i2/feb23013
Roberto P. L. Caporali
We define a method for predicting the stochastic behavior of the Bull and Bear periods of the stock market. In this paper, initially, we carry on a comprehensive evaluation of more frequently used statistical methods for evaluating Stock markets. Our work is based on collecting 40 years of data from the Italian stock market. The proposed solution is defined using the statistical analysis of the Bear and Bull Stock markets. We defined a new system to predict the trend of a stock market price, where the trend of the succession of Bull and Bear markets can be described by a probability density function given by a Gaussian distribution. Furthermore, we consider the inverses of the relative time intervals as a measure of the speed with which the phenomenon of the Bear market (or, equivalently, the Bull market) develops in that interval of time. Therefore, this factor can ultimately represent the first statistical weight of the single percentage variation. Again, the time intervals of the individual Bear and Bull market periods are considered, calculated from 01/01/1973. This allows us to consider the hypothesis that a secondary factor of probability is the temporal distance of the event that has already occurred. This work includes a criterion for statistically generating the most probable values of the next Bear and Bull markets and the length of the time intervals corresponding to these market situations. This criterion is based on the following hypothesis: To obtain the distribution of the predictive points of max and min in the succession of Bull and Bear markets, it is assumed that, in the long period, the random distribution of the successive max and min takes the trend of the distribution of the distance fluctuations between the zeroes of the Riemann's function which, in turn, is approximated by a Unitary Gaussian Distribution (GUE). Our results show that: The linear interpolation of the Variations of the market (positive and negative) relative to different and successive sampling sets for future trends do not show high percentage variations between them, Above all, the lengths of the single time intervals of the future variations, relative to different and successive sampling sets, are quite similar to each other. Hence, the method appears to be basically stable and promising.
{"title":"A Statistical Method for the Prediction of the Bear and Bull Stock Markets Based on the Zeroes of Riemann’s Zeta Function","authors":"Roberto P. L. Caporali","doi":"10.24940/ijird/2023/v12/i2/feb23013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24940/ijird/2023/v12/i2/feb23013","url":null,"abstract":"We define a method for predicting the stochastic behavior of the Bull and Bear periods of the stock market. In this paper, initially, we carry on a comprehensive evaluation of more frequently used statistical methods for evaluating Stock markets. Our work is based on collecting 40 years of data from the Italian stock market. The proposed solution is defined using the statistical analysis of the Bear and Bull Stock markets. We defined a new system to predict the trend of a stock market price, where the trend of the succession of Bull and Bear markets can be described by a probability density function given by a Gaussian distribution. Furthermore, we consider the inverses of the relative time intervals as a measure of the speed with which the phenomenon of the Bear market (or, equivalently, the Bull market) develops in that interval of time. Therefore, this factor can ultimately represent the first statistical weight of the single percentage variation. Again, the time intervals of the individual Bear and Bull market periods are considered, calculated from 01/01/1973. This allows us to consider the hypothesis that a secondary factor of probability is the temporal distance of the event that has already occurred. This work includes a criterion for statistically generating the most probable values of the next Bear and Bull markets and the length of the time intervals corresponding to these market situations. This criterion is based on the following hypothesis: \u0000To obtain the distribution of the predictive points of max and min in the succession of Bull and Bear markets, it is assumed that, in the long period, the random distribution of the successive max and min takes the trend of the distribution of the distance fluctuations between the zeroes of the Riemann's function which, in turn, is approximated by a Unitary Gaussian Distribution (GUE). Our results show that: \u0000 \u0000The linear interpolation of the Variations of the market (positive and negative) relative to different and successive sampling sets for future trends do not show high percentage variations between them, \u0000Above all, the lengths of the single time intervals of the future variations, relative to different and successive sampling sets, are quite similar to each other. Hence, the method appears to be basically stable and promising. \u0000","PeriodicalId":14101,"journal":{"name":"International journal of innovative research and development","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74253931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-11DOI: 10.24940/ijird/2023/v12/i1/dec22007
Fatima Adamu, Joel Izuchukwu Igbokwe
This thesis aims to better understand changes in the spatial pattern of urban growth and its impact on landscape configuration by conducting a case study in Idah metropolis. The objectives are as follows: To model and analyze multi-temporal images (2001, 2010, and 2021) for determining the urban growth in Idah, To determine urban development trends using post-classification comparisons, Evaluating the degree of urban growth according to urban land cover change over that period Satellite imagery was employed to distinguish and identify different land surface categories. Integrated remote sensing and GIS (Geographic Information System) technique was used to analyse both qualitative and quantitative perspectives regarding the objectives. The results indicate that the urban area of Idah experienced changes in the various classes. The vegetated area experienced a great change of 49.98%. That is a decrease from the previous year of 2001 to 2010. Also, another 48.67% decrease from 2010 to 2021 is due to the developments in the study area. The built-up area equally decreased by 1.33 % between 2010 and 2021. There was an increase of 12.04% from the year 2001 to 2010.Beach has a drastic increase from 28.10% observed between 2001 and 2010 to 44.50% between 2010. The geographic footprint demonstrates that the distribution of the built-up area was dispersed and continues to grow more dispersed. The significant contribution of this study could benefit many aspects, such as comparative studies between cities or continuous studies relevant to urban growth.
{"title":"Modelling and Analysis of Urban Growth of Idah Metropolis Using GIS Integrated Gradient Technique","authors":"Fatima Adamu, Joel Izuchukwu Igbokwe","doi":"10.24940/ijird/2023/v12/i1/dec22007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24940/ijird/2023/v12/i1/dec22007","url":null,"abstract":"This thesis aims to better understand changes in the spatial pattern of urban growth and its impact on landscape configuration by conducting a case study in Idah metropolis. The objectives are as follows: \u0000 \u0000To model and analyze multi-temporal images (2001, 2010, and 2021) for determining the urban growth in Idah, \u0000To determine urban development trends using post-classification comparisons, \u0000Evaluating the degree of urban growth according to urban land cover change over that period \u0000 \u0000Satellite imagery was employed to distinguish and identify different land surface categories. Integrated remote sensing and GIS (Geographic Information System) technique was used to analyse both qualitative and quantitative perspectives regarding the objectives. The results indicate that the urban area of Idah experienced changes in the various classes. The vegetated area experienced a great change of 49.98%. That is a decrease from the previous year of 2001 to 2010. Also, another 48.67% decrease from 2010 to 2021 is due to the developments in the study area. The built-up area equally decreased by 1.33 % between 2010 and 2021. There was an increase of 12.04% from the year 2001 to 2010.Beach has a drastic increase from 28.10% observed between 2001 and 2010 to 44.50% between 2010. The geographic footprint demonstrates that the distribution of the built-up area was dispersed and continues to grow more dispersed. The significant contribution of this study could benefit many aspects, such as comparative studies between cities or continuous studies relevant to urban growth.","PeriodicalId":14101,"journal":{"name":"International journal of innovative research and development","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89144093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-10DOI: 10.24940/ijird/2023/v12/i1/jan23006
John A. M. Agbonika, Josephine A. A. Agbonika
This research critically analyzes the concept of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and looks at the tax and intellectual property implications and considerations. The aim is to expose how Intellectual Property law can help sustain Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs) in the marketplace and improve the growth and development of the Nigerian economy through taxation. To achieve these, the research examined the essential roles of Intellectual Property in the growth and development of Small and Medium Sized Enterprises. The rights and remedies to which the owners of Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs) are entitled, as well as the challenges of Intellectual Property Laws and their corresponding tax liabilities under the relevant pieces of legislation in Nigeria, are considered. This research evaluates the factors contributing to the non-compliance of SMEs with tax obligations. These include complex filing procedures, multiple taxations of SMEs, and a lack of proper enlightenment. The finding reveals that SMEs have performed below expectations due to specific reasons ranging from societal constraints to issues of lack of awareness, instability, and change in the economy. Tax compliance among SMEs in Nigeria is poor. To enhance the growth of Nigerian SMEs, there is a need to explore enlightenment and awareness through the use of intellectual property and taxation.
{"title":"Small and Medium Scale Enterprises: An Appraisal of the Role of Taxation and Intellectual Property on Their Growth in Nigeria","authors":"John A. M. Agbonika, Josephine A. A. Agbonika","doi":"10.24940/ijird/2023/v12/i1/jan23006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24940/ijird/2023/v12/i1/jan23006","url":null,"abstract":"This research critically analyzes the concept of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and looks at the tax and intellectual property implications and considerations. The aim is to expose how Intellectual Property law can help sustain Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs) in the marketplace and improve the growth and development of the Nigerian economy through taxation. To achieve these, the research examined the essential roles of Intellectual Property in the growth and development of Small and Medium Sized Enterprises. The rights and remedies to which the owners of Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs) are entitled, as well as the challenges of Intellectual Property Laws and their corresponding tax liabilities under the relevant pieces of legislation in Nigeria, are considered. This research evaluates the factors contributing to the non-compliance of SMEs with tax obligations. These include complex filing procedures, multiple taxations of SMEs, and a lack of proper enlightenment. The finding reveals that SMEs have performed below expectations due to specific reasons ranging from societal constraints to issues of lack of awareness, instability, and change in the economy. Tax compliance among SMEs in Nigeria is poor. To enhance the growth of Nigerian SMEs, there is a need to explore enlightenment and awareness through the use of intellectual property and taxation.","PeriodicalId":14101,"journal":{"name":"International journal of innovative research and development","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74267053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-09DOI: 10.24940/ijird/2023/v12/i1/jan23016
Dagogo Sopriala Omubo
Tripping, relating to oil and gas drilling operations, is a term used to describe running in or pulling out tubulars into or from an already drilled borehole. It is common to all well delivery operations in the oil and gas industry, including drilling, completions, work-over, and abandonment. Besides drilling a well that meets technical specifications in a safe manner and within the approved budget, well delivery success is not achieved if the specified time is exceeded. Time is an essential factor as it also has a large influence on cost. Well delivery time could be classified as either drilling time (time allotted to activities where the well depth increases with time) or flat time (time allotted to activities that do not directly contribute to an increase in well depth). Flat time reduction is a key strategy used to reduce oil and gas well delivery costs. This is applicable in drilling operations, specifically where well cost is directly proportional to time. There is ample room for drilling performance improvement by reducing flat time without eroding well quality. Oil and gas well delivery performance engineers are, therefore, constantly seeking ways to reduce flat time to the barest minimum. Tripping optimization refers to the application of specific methods aimed at preventing technical issues while tripping and reducing tripping time. Tripping is one of the major contributors to flat time, with typically circa 8 to 10% of planned tripping time (exclusive of casing and completion running time) in drilling operations. This means tripping optimization has a direct effect on flat time reduction and, by extension, well cost reduction. This article discusses various tripping optimization techniques and how they promote flat time reduction in oil and gas well drilling operations. It emphasizes how drilling operations can be more time-efficient and consequently cost-efficient by improved tripping practices.
{"title":"Tripping Optimization to Promote Flat Time Reduction in Oil and Gas Well Drilling Operations","authors":"Dagogo Sopriala Omubo","doi":"10.24940/ijird/2023/v12/i1/jan23016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24940/ijird/2023/v12/i1/jan23016","url":null,"abstract":"Tripping, relating to oil and gas drilling operations, is a term used to describe running in or pulling out tubulars into or from an already drilled borehole. It is common to all well delivery operations in the oil and gas industry, including drilling, completions, work-over, and abandonment. \u0000Besides drilling a well that meets technical specifications in a safe manner and within the approved budget, well delivery success is not achieved if the specified time is exceeded. Time is an essential factor as it also has a large influence on cost. Well delivery time could be classified as either drilling time (time allotted to activities where the well depth increases with time) or flat time (time allotted to activities that do not directly contribute to an increase in well depth). \u0000Flat time reduction is a key strategy used to reduce oil and gas well delivery costs. This is applicable in drilling operations, specifically where well cost is directly proportional to time. There is ample room for drilling performance improvement by reducing flat time without eroding well quality. Oil and gas well delivery performance engineers are, therefore, constantly seeking ways to reduce flat time to the barest minimum. \u0000Tripping optimization refers to the application of specific methods aimed at preventing technical issues while tripping and reducing tripping time. Tripping is one of the major contributors to flat time, with typically circa 8 to 10% of planned tripping time (exclusive of casing and completion running time) in drilling operations. This means tripping optimization has a direct effect on flat time reduction and, by extension, well cost reduction. \u0000This article discusses various tripping optimization techniques and how they promote flat time reduction in oil and gas well drilling operations. It emphasizes how drilling operations can be more time-efficient and consequently cost-efficient by improved tripping practices.","PeriodicalId":14101,"journal":{"name":"International journal of innovative research and development","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84603940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-27DOI: 10.24940/ijird/2023/v12/i2/feb23002
Patrick Kimutai Tum
The current study examined the integral role of subordinate support staff in primary and secondary schools in Kenya on the overall academic performance and social and emotional well-being of students. A total of 80 student respondents currently attending tertiary institutions in Uasin-Gishu and Trans-Nzoia Counties in Kenya were interviewed using an on-spot questionnaire. The findings indicate a near 'fanatical,' 'nostalgic,' and 'emotional' attachment of the student respondents to almost all the various subordinate support staff they interacted with in their formative educational years. Respondents enrolled in boarding schools at an early age reported strong 'emotional' and 'social support' from especially matrons, cooks, and drivers who acted primarily as caregivers. The relationship between students and subordinate staff developed to the extent of students assigning 'nicknames' to some of them. In one of the primary and secondary schools, the school bus was assigned the names 'monkey cage' and 'Lucy.' The student respondents ranked the following subordinate staff as follows: Bursar (3%), Secretary/messenger (2%), Laundry attendant (8%), Telephone operator (1%), Swimming pool attendant (4%), Bus driver (14%), Health staff (10%), Matron (25%), Cooks/caterers (21%), Cleaner/groundsman (3%), Security (9%) The results show that 97% of student respondents acknowledged the significant role of subordinate support staff in promoting the overall academic performance and social and emotional development of students in primary and secondary schools in Kenya. The study concludes that the presence of subordinate support staff in the various educational institutions attended by the student respondents had a beneficial effect allowing them to have a more active role in interactions with adults.
{"title":"Subordinate Support Staff as Primary ‘Internal Custodians’ of Academic Performance, Social and Emotional Development among Students in Primary and Secondary Schools in Uasin-Gishu and Trans-Nzoia Counties, Kenya","authors":"Patrick Kimutai Tum","doi":"10.24940/ijird/2023/v12/i2/feb23002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24940/ijird/2023/v12/i2/feb23002","url":null,"abstract":"The current study examined the integral role of subordinate support staff in primary and secondary schools in Kenya on the overall academic performance and social and emotional well-being of students. A total of 80 student respondents currently attending tertiary institutions in Uasin-Gishu and Trans-Nzoia Counties in Kenya were interviewed using an on-spot questionnaire. The findings indicate a near 'fanatical,' 'nostalgic,' and 'emotional' attachment of the student respondents to almost all the various subordinate support staff they interacted with in their formative educational years. Respondents enrolled in boarding schools at an early age reported strong 'emotional' and 'social support' from especially matrons, cooks, and drivers who acted primarily as caregivers. The relationship between students and subordinate staff developed to the extent of students assigning 'nicknames' to some of them. In one of the primary and secondary schools, the school bus was assigned the names 'monkey cage' and 'Lucy.' The student respondents ranked the following subordinate staff as follows: \u0000 \u0000Bursar (3%), \u0000Secretary/messenger (2%), \u0000Laundry attendant (8%), \u0000Telephone operator (1%), \u0000Swimming pool attendant (4%), \u0000Bus driver (14%), \u0000Health staff (10%), \u0000Matron (25%), \u0000Cooks/caterers (21%), \u0000Cleaner/groundsman (3%), \u0000Security (9%) \u0000 \u0000The results show that 97% of student respondents acknowledged the significant role of subordinate support staff in promoting the overall academic performance and social and emotional development of students in primary and secondary schools in Kenya. The study concludes that the presence of subordinate support staff in the various educational institutions attended by the student respondents had a beneficial effect allowing them to have a more active role in interactions with adults. ","PeriodicalId":14101,"journal":{"name":"International journal of innovative research and development","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75293499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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