Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1504/IJLR.2020.10036045
E. Calabrese
{"title":"The significance of the failed historical foundation of linear non-threshold model for cancer risk assessment","authors":"E. Calabrese","doi":"10.1504/IJLR.2020.10036045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJLR.2020.10036045","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14141,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Low Radiation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66669824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1504/IJLR.2020.10036046
C. Mothersill, C. Seymour
Radiation protection of non-humans has recently been integrated into the ICRP (International Commission on Radiation Protection) framework using a reference animal and plant approach matching the anthropocentric 'reference human' approach. While this is simple to implement it has many drawbacks and is essentially focusing on measurements of uptake and transfer of radionuclides in individuals. This ignores the complexity and interdependence of natural ecosystems. It also ignores the biology involved in management of radiation damage in wild populations. To address these concerns international efforts are being made to develop a more ecocentric or holistic approach. Especially important is the recognition that ecosystems are very complex and that adverse emergent properties of these systems such as biodiversity collapse are not predictable from measurement of impacts on individuals. The paper discusses the limitations of current ICRP approaches and considers some promising new ideas, which may lead to more integrated protection systems involving the ecosystem as a central focus rather than the individual.
{"title":"Living in radioactive environments: a non-human perspective","authors":"C. Mothersill, C. Seymour","doi":"10.1504/IJLR.2020.10036046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJLR.2020.10036046","url":null,"abstract":"Radiation protection of non-humans has recently been integrated into the ICRP (International Commission on Radiation Protection) framework using a reference animal and plant approach matching the anthropocentric 'reference human' approach. While this is simple to implement it has many drawbacks and is essentially focusing on measurements of uptake and transfer of radionuclides in individuals. This ignores the complexity and interdependence of natural ecosystems. It also ignores the biology involved in management of radiation damage in wild populations. To address these concerns international efforts are being made to develop a more ecocentric or holistic approach. Especially important is the recognition that ecosystems are very complex and that adverse emergent properties of these systems such as biodiversity collapse are not predictable from measurement of impacts on individuals. The paper discusses the limitations of current ICRP approaches and considers some promising new ideas, which may lead to more integrated protection systems involving the ecosystem as a central focus rather than the individual.","PeriodicalId":14141,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Low Radiation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66669834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1504/IJLR.2020.10036123
A. Hossain, S. Karim, Maruf H Khan, Faraji Samiul Haque Bijoy
The purpose of this work is to estimate dose received in case of release of radionuclide into the atmosphere from the under-construction Rooppur Nuclear power plant (NPP) due to a hypothetical accident with the help of an atmospheric dispersion model. A generic source term code has also been developed using MATLAB by following NUREG-1228. The sensitivity analysis is based on variation of the received total effective dose equivalent (TEDE) corresponding to the variation of the uncertain input parameters. The sensitivity was seen to be higher at stable conditions with the change of high wind speed. Estimated TEDE dose results for Xe-133 at different downwind distances from Rooppur NPP site in different atmospheric stability classes. The maximum TEDE of 6.40E-06 Sv was estimated at maximum distance of 0.7 km from the site for stability class A, whereas, in case of unstable stability class B, it was 5.70E-05.
本研究的目的是利用大气扩散模型，对正在建设中的鲁普尔核电站(NPP)因假想事故而向大气释放放射性核素的剂量进行估计。遵循nuregg -1228，还使用MATLAB开发了通用源术语代码。灵敏度分析的基础是接收的总有效剂量当量(TEDE)对应于不确定输入参数的变化。在稳定条件下，随着风速的变化，灵敏度更高。不同大气稳定性等级下，鲁普尔核电站不同顺风距离下Xe-133的TEDE剂量估计结果。稳定性A级最大距离为0.7 km时的最大TEDE值为6.400 e -06 Sv，不稳定B级最大TEDE值为5.70E-05 Sv。
{"title":"Radiological safety analysis of Rooppur Nuclear Power Plant site using atmospheric dispersion model","authors":"A. Hossain, S. Karim, Maruf H Khan, Faraji Samiul Haque Bijoy","doi":"10.1504/IJLR.2020.10036123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJLR.2020.10036123","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this work is to estimate dose received in case of release of radionuclide into the atmosphere from the under-construction Rooppur Nuclear power plant (NPP) due to a hypothetical accident with the help of an atmospheric dispersion model. A generic source term code has also been developed using MATLAB by following NUREG-1228. The sensitivity analysis is based on variation of the received total effective dose equivalent (TEDE) corresponding to the variation of the uncertain input parameters. The sensitivity was seen to be higher at stable conditions with the change of high wind speed. Estimated TEDE dose results for Xe-133 at different downwind distances from Rooppur NPP site in different atmospheric stability classes. The maximum TEDE of 6.40E-06 Sv was estimated at maximum distance of 0.7 km from the site for stability class A, whereas, in case of unstable stability class B, it was 5.70E-05.","PeriodicalId":14141,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Low Radiation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66669949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1504/IJLR.2020.10036051
J. Reszczyńska, M. Pylak, K. W. Fornalski, S. Mortazavi, L. Dobrzynski
{"title":"Methodological problems in epidemiological data: the case of correlation between radon level and lung cancer","authors":"J. Reszczyńska, M. Pylak, K. W. Fornalski, S. Mortazavi, L. Dobrzynski","doi":"10.1504/IJLR.2020.10036051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJLR.2020.10036051","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14141,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Low Radiation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66669940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1504/IJLR.2020.10036049
H. Dekhissi, Mohamed Derkaoui, Abdessamad DIDI
Exposure to radon and radon progeny within the home and at work constitutes one of the greatest hazards from radiation. Radon is continually generated from uranium and thorium, which occur in many rocks and soil. The concentration of 222Rn was measured in tap, natural spring and well water samples gathered from several places from the north-eastern area of Morocco. This work aims to determine any potential radiological hazard for the local population which might be due to an inevitable high concentration of radon in drinking water. We utilised an AlphaGUARD radon gas detector to perform our measurements. The results show reasonable radon concentrations when compared with international recommendations.
{"title":"First measurements of radon concentration in drinking water from taps, springs and wells in Oujda region, Morocco","authors":"H. Dekhissi, Mohamed Derkaoui, Abdessamad DIDI","doi":"10.1504/IJLR.2020.10036049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJLR.2020.10036049","url":null,"abstract":"Exposure to radon and radon progeny within the home and at work constitutes one of the greatest hazards from radiation. Radon is continually generated from uranium and thorium, which occur in many rocks and soil. The concentration of 222Rn was measured in tap, natural spring and well water samples gathered from several places from the north-eastern area of Morocco. This work aims to determine any potential radiological hazard for the local population which might be due to an inevitable high concentration of radon in drinking water. We utilised an AlphaGUARD radon gas detector to perform our measurements. The results show reasonable radon concentrations when compared with international recommendations.","PeriodicalId":14141,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Low Radiation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66669929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1504/ijlr.2020.10033937
Y. Shaki, Ludwik Dobrzyski, Y. Socol
{"title":"Damped-oscillator model of adaptive response and its consequences","authors":"Y. Shaki, Ludwik Dobrzyski, Y. Socol","doi":"10.1504/ijlr.2020.10033937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijlr.2020.10033937","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14141,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Low Radiation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66669163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1504/IJLR.2020.10036044
S. Alausa, Bashiru O. Rabiu, N. Adebisi, A. Ibikunle, A. Taiwo, O. Olúbòmęhìn
Twenty borehole (BH) and 15 hand-dug wells (HD) water samples were collected from Ifako-Ijaiye for this study. The samples were analysed using NaI (TI) detector for radioactivity and BUCK200 AAS for elemental concentrations. The Effective Dose Rates (EDR) and Excess Lifetime Cancer Risks (ELCR) were calculated from activity concentrations of 40K, 238U and 232Th. The activity and elemental concentrations were statistically correlated. The mean activity concentrations of 40K, 238U and 232Th in the BH water were 8.77±8.40 Bq/L, 1.03±0.19 Bq/L and 0.93±0.15 Bq/L, respectively; and 10.12±0.07 Bq/L, 0.94±0.34 Bq/L and 0.89±0.10 Bq/L, respectively in the HD water. The EDR and ELCR in the study were higher in the infant than either creche or adult. The elemental concentrations in BH water were higher than the World Health Organisation (WHO) recommended limits. The ELCR in the study is higher than the USEPA limit; therefore, drinking untreated water from the area should be discouraged.
{"title":"Radiometric and elemental assessment of groundwater from Ifako-Ijaye area in Lagos, Southwestern Nigeria","authors":"S. Alausa, Bashiru O. Rabiu, N. Adebisi, A. Ibikunle, A. Taiwo, O. Olúbòmęhìn","doi":"10.1504/IJLR.2020.10036044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJLR.2020.10036044","url":null,"abstract":"Twenty borehole (BH) and 15 hand-dug wells (HD) water samples were collected from Ifako-Ijaiye for this study. The samples were analysed using NaI (TI) detector for radioactivity and BUCK200 AAS for elemental concentrations. The Effective Dose Rates (EDR) and Excess Lifetime Cancer Risks (ELCR) were calculated from activity concentrations of 40K, 238U and 232Th. The activity and elemental concentrations were statistically correlated. The mean activity concentrations of 40K, 238U and 232Th in the BH water were 8.77±8.40 Bq/L, 1.03±0.19 Bq/L and 0.93±0.15 Bq/L, respectively; and 10.12±0.07 Bq/L, 0.94±0.34 Bq/L and 0.89±0.10 Bq/L, respectively in the HD water. The EDR and ELCR in the study were higher in the infant than either creche or adult. The elemental concentrations in BH water were higher than the World Health Organisation (WHO) recommended limits. The ELCR in the study is higher than the USEPA limit; therefore, drinking untreated water from the area should be discouraged.","PeriodicalId":14141,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Low Radiation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66669808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1504/IJLR.2020.10036047
G. Salaheldin, Maher Taher Hussien, H. S. Mohamed
The present study aims to assess 222Rn concentration and its radiological hazard for agricultural soil samples collected from Wadi Al-Hussini and Tuban as agricultural areas. Forty agricultural soil samples were collected from Lahj Governorate, Yemen. AlphaGUARD was used to measure radon concentration, and radon exhalation rates and annual effective dose in the agricultural soil samples were calculated. The average 222Rn activity concentration, area radon exhalation rate, mass radon exhalation rate and annual effective dose outdoor are as follows: 5170 ± 1740 Bq m−3, (12.4 ± 4.18)×10−4 Bq m−2s−1, (20.3 ± 6.82)×10−6 Bq kg−1s−1 and 49.13 mSv y−1 for Wadi Al-Hussini, 7263±2061 Bq m−3, (17.4±4.95) × 10−4 Bq m−2s−1, (28.5±8.08)×10−6 Bq kg−1s−1 and 69.03 mSv y−1 for Wadi Tuban. The average value of 222Rn concentration in agricultural soil gas in Wadi Al-Hussini and Tuban is much higher than the value of United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), which the recommended reference 100 Bq m−3.
{"title":"Evaluation of radiological hazards of radon in agricultural soil samples, Wadi Al-Hussini and Tuban, Lahj Governorate, Yemen","authors":"G. Salaheldin, Maher Taher Hussien, H. S. Mohamed","doi":"10.1504/IJLR.2020.10036047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJLR.2020.10036047","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aims to assess 222Rn concentration and its radiological hazard for agricultural soil samples collected from Wadi Al-Hussini and Tuban as agricultural areas. Forty agricultural soil samples were collected from Lahj Governorate, Yemen. AlphaGUARD was used to measure radon concentration, and radon exhalation rates and annual effective dose in the agricultural soil samples were calculated. The average 222Rn activity concentration, area radon exhalation rate, mass radon exhalation rate and annual effective dose outdoor are as follows: 5170 ± 1740 Bq m−3, (12.4 ± 4.18)×10−4 Bq m−2s−1, (20.3 ± 6.82)×10−6 Bq kg−1s−1 and 49.13 mSv y−1 for Wadi Al-Hussini, 7263±2061 Bq m−3, (17.4±4.95) × 10−4 Bq m−2s−1, (28.5±8.08)×10−6 Bq kg−1s−1 and 69.03 mSv y−1 for Wadi Tuban. The average value of 222Rn concentration in agricultural soil gas in Wadi Al-Hussini and Tuban is much higher than the value of United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), which the recommended reference 100 Bq m−3.","PeriodicalId":14141,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Low Radiation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66669875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1504/IJLR.2020.10036048
G. B. Bolie, P. Meye, M. D. Mboumba, T. Ekogo, S. Mouandza, P. Abiama, A. Moubissi
{"title":"Radiation background from rock samples and hazards assessment: case of Mounana in Gabon","authors":"G. B. Bolie, P. Meye, M. D. Mboumba, T. Ekogo, S. Mouandza, P. Abiama, A. Moubissi","doi":"10.1504/IJLR.2020.10036048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJLR.2020.10036048","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14141,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Low Radiation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66669890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-25DOI: 10.1504/ijlr.2019.103346
D. Kpeglo, J. Mantero, E. Darko, A. Faanu, E. Amoatey, G. Manjón, I. Vioque, R. G. Tenorio
Knowledge of accurate radio-isotopic signatures and chemical constituents is essential in assessing potential radiological hazards to the public and workers from exposure to NORM waste. For that reason, scale and sludge samples from Ghanaian oilfields were assessed using alpha spectrometry, gamma spectrometry, radon monitoring and scanning electron microscope techniques. Activity concentration of 238U, 232Th-series and 40K radionuclides for NORM residues have been evaluated. Fourteen trace elements were also identified and semi-qualitatively quantified. The obtained results clearly reflect that scale and sludge may present radiological risk for workers, public and environment.
{"title":"Assessment of natural radioactivity levels and associated radiological hazard in scale and sludge from Jubilee oilfield of Ghana","authors":"D. Kpeglo, J. Mantero, E. Darko, A. Faanu, E. Amoatey, G. Manjón, I. Vioque, R. G. Tenorio","doi":"10.1504/ijlr.2019.103346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijlr.2019.103346","url":null,"abstract":"Knowledge of accurate radio-isotopic signatures and chemical constituents is essential in assessing potential radiological hazards to the public and workers from exposure to NORM waste. For that reason, scale and sludge samples from Ghanaian oilfields were assessed using alpha spectrometry, gamma spectrometry, radon monitoring and scanning electron microscope techniques. Activity concentration of 238U, 232Th-series and 40K radionuclides for NORM residues have been evaluated. Fourteen trace elements were also identified and semi-qualitatively quantified. The obtained results clearly reflect that scale and sludge may present radiological risk for workers, public and environment.","PeriodicalId":14141,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Low Radiation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/ijlr.2019.103346","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45034875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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