Pub Date : 2016-01-29DOI: 10.1504/ijlr.2015.074408
N. Jibiri, O. M. Isinkaye, Oluwafemi A. Ilori, A. A. Sowunmi
The concentrations of natural radionuclides in abattoir wastes and sediments of streams and rivers around selected abattoirs in Southwestern Nigeria have been measured using gamma-ray spectrometry. In abattoir wastes, the activity concentrations obtained in cow-dung samples are higher than those obtained in blood and bone ash samples. For sediment, the mean activity concentration of 40K, 238U and 232Th obtained is 290.04 ± 156.84, 22.02 ± 4.14 and 50.42 ± 18.90 Bq kg−1, respectively. The absorbed gamma-indoor dose rates and other radiological health indices were calculated in order to assess the radiological hazards associated with the use of the sediments in construction of dwellings. The values obtained were less than the recommended safe and criterion limits by UNSCEAR. It is sufficient to say therefore that sediments from the respective rivers and streams around the abattoir sites are safe and can be used for construction of buildings without undue radiological health concerns.
{"title":"Determination of natural radionuclides in abattoir wastes and sediments from rivers and streams around selected abattoirs in Southwest Nigeria","authors":"N. Jibiri, O. M. Isinkaye, Oluwafemi A. Ilori, A. A. Sowunmi","doi":"10.1504/ijlr.2015.074408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijlr.2015.074408","url":null,"abstract":"The concentrations of natural radionuclides in abattoir wastes and sediments of streams and rivers around selected abattoirs in Southwestern Nigeria have been measured using gamma-ray spectrometry. In abattoir wastes, the activity concentrations obtained in cow-dung samples are higher than those obtained in blood and bone ash samples. For sediment, the mean activity concentration of 40K, 238U and 232Th obtained is 290.04 ± 156.84, 22.02 ± 4.14 and 50.42 ± 18.90 Bq kg−1, respectively. The absorbed gamma-indoor dose rates and other radiological health indices were calculated in order to assess the radiological hazards associated with the use of the sediments in construction of dwellings. The values obtained were less than the recommended safe and criterion limits by UNSCEAR. It is sufficient to say therefore that sediments from the respective rivers and streams around the abattoir sites are safe and can be used for construction of buildings without undue radiological health concerns.","PeriodicalId":14141,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Low Radiation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/ijlr.2015.074408","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66669384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-29DOI: 10.1504/ijlr.2015.074411
A. Acheva, E. Eklund, Elina Lemola, T. Siiskonen, V. Launonen, M. Kämäräinen
The induction of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in human lung epithelial cell lines was investigated after α-particle and γ-radiation exposures. We applied TGF-β treatment of cells as positive EMT-controls and tested in parallel if radiation has a potentiating effect on the EMT induction. BEAS-2B and HBEC-3KT cells were irradiated with 5.4 MeV α-particles or γ-rays (60Co, 1.13-1.15 Gy/min) with or without of TGF-β. The cells were harvested three days post treatment and the EMT markers vimentin, fibronectin and E-cadherin were analysed by immunofluorescence staining and Western blotting. The TGF-β treatment-induced EMT in both cell lines in the applied concentrations. We could not prove any clear EMT induction with low or moderate doses of α-particles and γ-rays. No significant additive effect with radiation and TGF-β was observed. We suggest that there might be a different mechanism induced by radiation in bronchial cells after radon and medical exposures that does not involve direct EMT changes.
{"title":"Lack of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition induction in two bronchial epithelial cell lines after alpha and gamma irradiation","authors":"A. Acheva, E. Eklund, Elina Lemola, T. Siiskonen, V. Launonen, M. Kämäräinen","doi":"10.1504/ijlr.2015.074411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijlr.2015.074411","url":null,"abstract":"The induction of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in human lung epithelial cell lines was investigated after α-particle and γ-radiation exposures. We applied TGF-β treatment of cells as positive EMT-controls and tested in parallel if radiation has a potentiating effect on the EMT induction. BEAS-2B and HBEC-3KT cells were irradiated with 5.4 MeV α-particles or γ-rays (60Co, 1.13-1.15 Gy/min) with or without of TGF-β. The cells were harvested three days post treatment and the EMT markers vimentin, fibronectin and E-cadherin were analysed by immunofluorescence staining and Western blotting. The TGF-β treatment-induced EMT in both cell lines in the applied concentrations. We could not prove any clear EMT induction with low or moderate doses of α-particles and γ-rays. No significant additive effect with radiation and TGF-β was observed. We suggest that there might be a different mechanism induced by radiation in bronchial cells after radon and medical exposures that does not involve direct EMT changes.","PeriodicalId":14141,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Low Radiation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/ijlr.2015.074411","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66669408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-29DOI: 10.1504/ijlr.2015.074412
A. Sharma, R. Sonkawade, Avinash C. Sharma
Low-level gamma ray spectroscopy with a NaI (TI) gamma radiation detector was used for the measurement of activity concentrations of radionuclides 226Ra, 232Th and 40K. Activity concentrations of radium were found to vary from 12 to 39 Bq kg−1, thorium ranged from 15 to 49 Bq kg−1 whereas 40K ranged from 157 to 460 Bq kg−1. Radium equivalent activity has been found to vary from 50.8 to 118 Bq kg−1 and absorbed gamma dose rates varied from 24 to 53.2 nGy h−1 whereas corresponding outdoor annual effective dose found to vary from 0.029 to 0.065 mSv y−1. The calculated values of Hex and Hin range from 0.13 to 0.31 and 0.16 to 0.41 respectively whereas values of gamma and alpha index vary from 0.19 to 0.42 and 0.06 to 0.19 respectively. The values of hazard index are under the action limit.
用低水平伽玛能谱仪和NaI (TI)伽玛射线探测器测量了放射性核素226Ra、232Th和40K的活度浓度。镭的活度浓度在12至39 Bq kg - 1之间变化，钍的活度浓度在15至49 Bq kg - 1之间变化，而40K的活度浓度在157至460 Bq kg - 1之间变化。已发现镭当量活度在50.8至118 Bq kg−1之间变化，吸收的伽马剂量率在24至53.2毫希·h−1之间变化，而相应的室外年有效剂量在0.029至0.065毫希·y−1之间变化。Hex和Hin的计算值分别为0.13 ~ 0.31和0.16 ~ 0.41,gamma和alpha指数的计算值分别为0.19 ~ 0.42和0.06 ~ 0.19。危害指数均在作用限值之内。
{"title":"Natural radioactivity and radiological hazard assessment of coal samples collected from Kasimpur thermal power plant, Kasimpur (U.P.), India","authors":"A. Sharma, R. Sonkawade, Avinash C. Sharma","doi":"10.1504/ijlr.2015.074412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijlr.2015.074412","url":null,"abstract":"Low-level gamma ray spectroscopy with a NaI (TI) gamma radiation detector was used for the measurement of activity concentrations of radionuclides 226Ra, 232Th and 40K. Activity concentrations of radium were found to vary from 12 to 39 Bq kg−1, thorium ranged from 15 to 49 Bq kg−1 whereas 40K ranged from 157 to 460 Bq kg−1. Radium equivalent activity has been found to vary from 50.8 to 118 Bq kg−1 and absorbed gamma dose rates varied from 24 to 53.2 nGy h−1 whereas corresponding outdoor annual effective dose found to vary from 0.029 to 0.065 mSv y−1. The calculated values of Hex and Hin range from 0.13 to 0.31 and 0.16 to 0.41 respectively whereas values of gamma and alpha index vary from 0.19 to 0.42 and 0.06 to 0.19 respectively. The values of hazard index are under the action limit.","PeriodicalId":14141,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Low Radiation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/ijlr.2015.074412","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66669452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-29DOI: 10.1504/ijlr.2015.074413
L. Dobrzyński, K. W. Fornalski, L. Feinendegen
The studies of health effects in human populations living in places with high levels of natural background radiation are of crucial importance for understanding the impact of low doses of ionising radiation. The paper reviews some exemplary literature that addresses the likelihood of the radiation-induced cancer in aforementioned regions. It is shown that using Bayesian analysis one can arrive at an essentially different conclusion concerning dose-effect dependence from the one which could be guessed from first glance. The general conclusion is that cancers do not correlate with elevated radiation in regions with high natural background radiation.
{"title":"The human cancer in high natural background radiation areas","authors":"L. Dobrzyński, K. W. Fornalski, L. Feinendegen","doi":"10.1504/ijlr.2015.074413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijlr.2015.074413","url":null,"abstract":"The studies of health effects in human populations living in places with high levels of natural background radiation are of crucial importance for understanding the impact of low doses of ionising radiation. The paper reviews some exemplary literature that addresses the likelihood of the radiation-induced cancer in aforementioned regions. It is shown that using Bayesian analysis one can arrive at an essentially different conclusion concerning dose-effect dependence from the one which could be guessed from first glance. The general conclusion is that cancers do not correlate with elevated radiation in regions with high natural background radiation.","PeriodicalId":14141,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Low Radiation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/ijlr.2015.074413","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66669459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-29DOI: 10.1504/IJLR.2015.074414
R. Kumari, K. Kant, Maneesha Garg, Rashi Gupta, R. Sonkawade, S. Chakarvarti
In the present study, activity concentration and annual effective ingestion dose assessment was carried out in cereal samples using gamma spectrometry. In the studied samples the activity of 226Ra, 238U, 232Th, and 40K varied from 10.25±0.94 Bq/kg to 29.13±0.69 Bq/kg, 7.04±0.13 Bq/kg to 20.08±1.32 Bq/kg, 22.20±2.46 Bq/kg to 58.21±1.15 Bq/kg and 1158.4±26.05Bq/kg to 1962.2±18.17 Bq/kg with an average value of 20.06±4.82 Bq/kg, 13.08±1.31 Bq/kg, 41.53±3.77 Bq/kg, and 1639±75.55 Bq/kg respectively. The average value of annual effective ingestion dose from ingested food was 0.62±0.08 mSv/y, 0.07±0.006 mSv/y, 1.20±0.11 mSv/y, and 1.28±0.06 mSv/y from 226Ra, 238U, 232Th, and 40K, respectively. The average value of total ingestion dose and cancer risk was found to be 3.18±0.14 mSv/y and (79.5±3.55) × 10−4 respectively.
{"title":"Activity concentration and annual effective ingestion dose assessment due to natural radionuclides present in cereal samples consumed by inhabitants of India","authors":"R. Kumari, K. Kant, Maneesha Garg, Rashi Gupta, R. Sonkawade, S. Chakarvarti","doi":"10.1504/IJLR.2015.074414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJLR.2015.074414","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study, activity concentration and annual effective ingestion dose assessment was carried out in cereal samples using gamma spectrometry. In the studied samples the activity of 226Ra, 238U, 232Th, and 40K varied from 10.25±0.94 Bq/kg to 29.13±0.69 Bq/kg, 7.04±0.13 Bq/kg to 20.08±1.32 Bq/kg, 22.20±2.46 Bq/kg to 58.21±1.15 Bq/kg and 1158.4±26.05Bq/kg to 1962.2±18.17 Bq/kg with an average value of 20.06±4.82 Bq/kg, 13.08±1.31 Bq/kg, 41.53±3.77 Bq/kg, and 1639±75.55 Bq/kg respectively. The average value of annual effective ingestion dose from ingested food was 0.62±0.08 mSv/y, 0.07±0.006 mSv/y, 1.20±0.11 mSv/y, and 1.28±0.06 mSv/y from 226Ra, 238U, 232Th, and 40K, respectively. The average value of total ingestion dose and cancer risk was found to be 3.18±0.14 mSv/y and (79.5±3.55) × 10−4 respectively.","PeriodicalId":14141,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Low Radiation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJLR.2015.074414","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66669494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.1504/IJLR.2016.10002420
A. Mostafa
This paper reports the natural radioactivity and possible radiological hazards in different types of local and imported marble and granite tiles used as covering building materials in Egypt. Gamma-ray spectrometry was used to estimate the 226Ra, 232Th and 40K activity concentrations. The obtained values were found in the ranges 15-73, 29-203, and 50-253 Bq kg−1 in marbles and 23-179, 78-317, 113-1207 Bq kg−1 in granites for 226Ra, 232Th and 40K, respectively. Using indirect methods radon exhalation rates were calculated, the obtained values varied from 2.1 to 9.7 and from 3-23.9 Bq m−2 h−1 for marble and granite samples, respectively. Radon concentrations in the room caused by marble and granite samples were also estimated. Under normal ventilation (0.5 h−1), the obtained values were below reference level (100 Bq m−3) recommended by World Health Organization. Most values of external annual dose and annual doses due to the indoor radon exposure (ERn) were within recommended.
{"title":"Assessment of the possible radiological hazard caused from marble and granite tails commercially available in Egypt","authors":"A. Mostafa","doi":"10.1504/IJLR.2016.10002420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJLR.2016.10002420","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports the natural radioactivity and possible radiological hazards in different types of local and imported marble and granite tiles used as covering building materials in Egypt. Gamma-ray spectrometry was used to estimate the 226Ra, 232Th and 40K activity concentrations. The obtained values were found in the ranges 15-73, 29-203, and 50-253 Bq kg−1 in marbles and 23-179, 78-317, 113-1207 Bq kg−1 in granites for 226Ra, 232Th and 40K, respectively. Using indirect methods radon exhalation rates were calculated, the obtained values varied from 2.1 to 9.7 and from 3-23.9 Bq m−2 h−1 for marble and granite samples, respectively. Radon concentrations in the room caused by marble and granite samples were also estimated. Under normal ventilation (0.5 h−1), the obtained values were below reference level (100 Bq m−3) recommended by World Health Organization. Most values of external annual dose and annual doses due to the indoor radon exposure (ERn) were within recommended.","PeriodicalId":14141,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Low Radiation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66669121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.1504/IJLR.2016.10002356
H. Abdel-ghany, F. Ragab
Measurement of radioactivity in cosmetics such as face powders and eye liner (kohl) has not been reported so far. Herein gamma ray spectrometry and CR-39 solid state nuclear track detector have been used to investigate six cosmetics of different brands. The results have demonstrate that the average values of specific activities of 238U, 232Th and 40K were 12.66±2.96, 14.58±8.83 and 269±120 Bqkg−1, respectively. Also the average radon exhalation rate was 0.21±0.04 Bqm−2h−1. The calculated radium-equivalents were lower than recommended value (370 Bqkg−1). The absorbed dose rates due to the natural radioactivity of the investigated samples ranged from 6.83±2.6 to 99.5±51 nGyh−1. Also, X-ray fluorescence spectrometry studies showed that the concentrations of the heavy Mo, Sr, Pb, Zn, Cu, Ni, Fe, Mn, Rb, As, Zr and Cr were 4±0.96, 26.93±12.24, 110135±109973, 672.98±433, 1001±722, 318±145, 3847±790, 60±25, 24.71±13, 9002±4210, 24.71±18 and 153±72 ppm, respectively.
{"title":"Studies of radioactive contaminations and heavy metal contents in cosmetics","authors":"H. Abdel-ghany, F. Ragab","doi":"10.1504/IJLR.2016.10002356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJLR.2016.10002356","url":null,"abstract":"Measurement of radioactivity in cosmetics such as face powders and eye liner (kohl) has not been reported so far. Herein gamma ray spectrometry and CR-39 solid state nuclear track detector have been used to investigate six cosmetics of different brands. The results have demonstrate that the average values of specific activities of 238U, 232Th and 40K were 12.66±2.96, 14.58±8.83 and 269±120 Bqkg−1, respectively. Also the average radon exhalation rate was 0.21±0.04 Bqm−2h−1. The calculated radium-equivalents were lower than recommended value (370 Bqkg−1). The absorbed dose rates due to the natural radioactivity of the investigated samples ranged from 6.83±2.6 to 99.5±51 nGyh−1. Also, X-ray fluorescence spectrometry studies showed that the concentrations of the heavy Mo, Sr, Pb, Zn, Cu, Ni, Fe, Mn, Rb, As, Zr and Cr were 4±0.96, 26.93±12.24, 110135±109973, 672.98±433, 1001±722, 318±145, 3847±790, 60±25, 24.71±13, 9002±4210, 24.71±18 and 153±72 ppm, respectively.","PeriodicalId":14141,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Low Radiation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66669516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.1504/IJLR.2016.10002362
A. Ademola, R. Obed
Indoor radon concentration measurements in 116 rooms and gamma activity measurements in the soil samples around the rooms were carried out in Oke-Ogun area (Southwestern, Nigeria). The mean activity concentrations of 40K, 232Th, and 238U in the soil were 3±5, 25±7 and 212±99 Bqkg−1, respectively. The mean absorbed dose rate (D) and the effective dose estimated were 44±8 nGy h−1 and 45±8 μSv y−1, respectively. Radon concentrations in the rooms varied from 148 Bqm−3 to 627 Bqm−3 with mean of 282±99 Bqm−3. The estimated mean annual effective dose is 7±2 mSv y−1. It is therefore advisable for the inhabitants of the study area to ventilate their houses regularly, to reduce the possible risk of contracting lung cancer. Radon concentration in the rooms surveyed show a good correlation (R² = 0.702) with 238U/226Ra activity in soil samples.
{"title":"Determinations of soil radioactivity, indoor radon concentration levels and their correlation in Oke-Ogun area, Southwestern Nigeria","authors":"A. Ademola, R. Obed","doi":"10.1504/IJLR.2016.10002362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJLR.2016.10002362","url":null,"abstract":"Indoor radon concentration measurements in 116 rooms and gamma activity measurements in the soil samples around the rooms were carried out in Oke-Ogun area (Southwestern, Nigeria). The mean activity concentrations of 40K, 232Th, and 238U in the soil were 3±5, 25±7 and 212±99 Bqkg−1, respectively. The mean absorbed dose rate (D) and the effective dose estimated were 44±8 nGy h−1 and 45±8 μSv y−1, respectively. Radon concentrations in the rooms varied from 148 Bqm−3 to 627 Bqm−3 with mean of 282±99 Bqm−3. The estimated mean annual effective dose is 7±2 mSv y−1. It is therefore advisable for the inhabitants of the study area to ventilate their houses regularly, to reduce the possible risk of contracting lung cancer. Radon concentration in the rooms surveyed show a good correlation (R² = 0.702) with 238U/226Ra activity in soil samples.","PeriodicalId":14141,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Low Radiation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66669562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.1504/IJLR.2016.081461
F. Afaneh, Mashour Al-Momani, J. Al-Jundi, A. Aldrabee, Hassan K. Juwhari
The activity concentrations of the natural radionuclides (238U, 232Th, 40K) in the agricultural soils around the Jordanian petroleum refinery in Zarqa city, Jordan, were investigated. The soil samples were collected from three different agricultural regions (X, Y and Z). The 232Th activity concentration was found to be too low in all samples. The average activity concentrations in Bq/kg were found to be: 40.1±1.6 for 238U and 372.6±11.9 for 40K in X-site, 38.3±1.9 for 238U and 486.4±15.0 for 40K in Y-site, and 45.4±1.3 for 238U and 313.3±11.1 for 40K in Z-site. Our findings are within the worldwide average values (UNSCEAR, 2000). The absorbed dose rates were calculated and found to be in the range of 20.86-47.62 nGy/h with an overall average value of 34.66 nGy/h. The average outdoor annual effective dose equivalent was estimated to be 41.13 ± 11.64 μSvy−1 which is below the world average of 70 μSvy−1.
{"title":"Radioactivity concentrations and dose assessment for agricultural soil samples around the Jordanian petroleum refinery in Zarqa, Jordan","authors":"F. Afaneh, Mashour Al-Momani, J. Al-Jundi, A. Aldrabee, Hassan K. Juwhari","doi":"10.1504/IJLR.2016.081461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJLR.2016.081461","url":null,"abstract":"The activity concentrations of the natural radionuclides (238U, 232Th, 40K) in the agricultural soils around the Jordanian petroleum refinery in Zarqa city, Jordan, were investigated. The soil samples were collected from three different agricultural regions (X, Y and Z). The 232Th activity concentration was found to be too low in all samples. The average activity concentrations in Bq/kg were found to be: 40.1±1.6 for 238U and 372.6±11.9 for 40K in X-site, 38.3±1.9 for 238U and 486.4±15.0 for 40K in Y-site, and 45.4±1.3 for 238U and 313.3±11.1 for 40K in Z-site. Our findings are within the worldwide average values (UNSCEAR, 2000). The absorbed dose rates were calculated and found to be in the range of 20.86-47.62 nGy/h with an overall average value of 34.66 nGy/h. The average outdoor annual effective dose equivalent was estimated to be 41.13 ± 11.64 μSvy−1 which is below the world average of 70 μSvy−1.","PeriodicalId":14141,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Low Radiation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJLR.2016.081461","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66669502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.1504/IJLR.2016.10002388
K. W. Fornalski
The paper presents the concept of balance equation as a result of jostling process between detrimental and beneficial factors due to ionising radiation impact on the human population. The Lotka-Volterra equation was used to describe the evolution process of the population in low-dose radiation environment. The balance equation, which is a result of Lotka-Volterra's equation stabilisation over time, describes correctly most of the human population, wherein the probability of detrimental (cancerous) processes equals the probability of beneficial (hormetic) processes. It concludes that most of people respond via threshold dose-response curve, while radiosensitive people respond using linear model and radioresistant people respond using hormetic one.
{"title":"Radiation and evolution: from Lotka-Volterra equation to balance equation","authors":"K. W. Fornalski","doi":"10.1504/IJLR.2016.10002388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJLR.2016.10002388","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents the concept of balance equation as a result of jostling process between detrimental and beneficial factors due to ionising radiation impact on the human population. The Lotka-Volterra equation was used to describe the evolution process of the population in low-dose radiation environment. The balance equation, which is a result of Lotka-Volterra's equation stabilisation over time, describes correctly most of the human population, wherein the probability of detrimental (cancerous) processes equals the probability of beneficial (hormetic) processes. It concludes that most of people respond via threshold dose-response curve, while radiosensitive people respond using linear model and radioresistant people respond using hormetic one.","PeriodicalId":14141,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Low Radiation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66669573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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