Pub Date : 2019-10-25DOI: 10.1504/ijlr.2019.103346
D. Kpeglo, J. Mantero, E. Darko, A. Faanu, E. Amoatey, G. Manjón, I. Vioque, R. G. Tenorio
Knowledge of accurate radio-isotopic signatures and chemical constituents is essential in assessing potential radiological hazards to the public and workers from exposure to NORM waste. For that reason, scale and sludge samples from Ghanaian oilfields were assessed using alpha spectrometry, gamma spectrometry, radon monitoring and scanning electron microscope techniques. Activity concentration of 238U, 232Th-series and 40K radionuclides for NORM residues have been evaluated. Fourteen trace elements were also identified and semi-qualitatively quantified. The obtained results clearly reflect that scale and sludge may present radiological risk for workers, public and environment.
{"title":"Assessment of natural radioactivity levels and associated radiological hazard in scale and sludge from Jubilee oilfield of Ghana","authors":"D. Kpeglo, J. Mantero, E. Darko, A. Faanu, E. Amoatey, G. Manjón, I. Vioque, R. G. Tenorio","doi":"10.1504/ijlr.2019.103346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijlr.2019.103346","url":null,"abstract":"Knowledge of accurate radio-isotopic signatures and chemical constituents is essential in assessing potential radiological hazards to the public and workers from exposure to NORM waste. For that reason, scale and sludge samples from Ghanaian oilfields were assessed using alpha spectrometry, gamma spectrometry, radon monitoring and scanning electron microscope techniques. Activity concentration of 238U, 232Th-series and 40K radionuclides for NORM residues have been evaluated. Fourteen trace elements were also identified and semi-qualitatively quantified. The obtained results clearly reflect that scale and sludge may present radiological risk for workers, public and environment.","PeriodicalId":14141,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Low Radiation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/ijlr.2019.103346","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45034875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-25DOI: 10.1504/ijlr.2019.10024907
H. H. Hussain
The levels of natural radioactivity for 226Ra, 228Ra and 40K were measured for 28 water samples taken from Kufa River inside Governorate of Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf in Iraq. Measurements were performed using a HPGe gamma-ray spectrometer system. The activity concentration (mBq/l) varied from 17.70 ± 1.83 to 58.90 ± 3.34, 4.60 ± 0.86 to 37.10 ± 2.44 and 142.56 ± 07.96 to 652.67 ± 17.03 for 226Ra, 228Ra and 40K, respectively. The average values of activity concentration for 226Ra, 228Ra and 40K were 35.14 (mBq/l), 19.13 (mBq/l) and 352.84 (mBq/l), respectively. Annual effective dose in (nSv/y) was also calculated and all the annual effective dose values are much lower than the recommended values. So the water of Kufa River in Najaf Governorate, Iraq is safe to be used by humans either as drinking water or for daily routine activity.
{"title":"Measurement of natural radioactivity in Kufa River, Iraq","authors":"H. H. Hussain","doi":"10.1504/ijlr.2019.10024907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijlr.2019.10024907","url":null,"abstract":"The levels of natural radioactivity for 226Ra, 228Ra and 40K were measured for 28 water samples taken from Kufa River inside Governorate of Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf in Iraq. Measurements were performed using a HPGe gamma-ray spectrometer system. The activity concentration (mBq/l) varied from 17.70 ± 1.83 to 58.90 ± 3.34, 4.60 ± 0.86 to 37.10 ± 2.44 and 142.56 ± 07.96 to 652.67 ± 17.03 for 226Ra, 228Ra and 40K, respectively. The average values of activity concentration for 226Ra, 228Ra and 40K were 35.14 (mBq/l), 19.13 (mBq/l) and 352.84 (mBq/l), respectively. Annual effective dose in (nSv/y) was also calculated and all the annual effective dose values are much lower than the recommended values. So the water of Kufa River in Najaf Governorate, Iraq is safe to be used by humans either as drinking water or for daily routine activity.","PeriodicalId":14141,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Low Radiation","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42277804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-25DOI: 10.1504/ijlr.2019.10024898
Siaka Yvette Flore Tchuente, Yakum Ntaw Susan Younui, S. Djepang, Saïdou-
This study aimed at measuring radioactivity in drinking water and to assess corresponding ingestion dose to the public and the uranium toxicity. Twenty samples were collected in the uranium bearing region of Poli, Cameroon. α- and γ-spectrometry were used for radioactivity measurements. The range of activity concentrations for each radionuclide is 0.7 ± 0.3-3.5 ± 0.5 mBq.l−1 for 238U, 0.07 ± 0.03-2.1 ± 0.9 mBq.l−1 for 235U, 0.6 ± 0.2-5.1 ± 0.6 mBq.l−1 for 234U, 10 ± 1 mBq.l−1 for 226Ra, 10 ± 2-16.8 ± 2.2 mBq.l−1 for 210Po. Ingestion dose due to intake of 238U, 235U, 234U, 226Ra and 210Po in water was assessed for six age groups. The mean ingestion dose ranges from 8.8 μSv.yr−1 for adult to 123 μSv.yr−1 for infant, higher than the reference level of the committed effective dose (100 μSv.yr−1) recommended by the World Health Organisation (WHO). The uranium mass ranges between 0.014 μg.l−1 and 0.18 μg.l−1, below the reference mass which is 30 μg.l−1 showing that the uranium toxicity is low. 234U/238U isotopic ratio in water was observed with values near the equilibrium on 70% of collected samples and far from equilibrium reaching 3.09 in a borehole.
{"title":"Natural radioactivity measurements in drinking water and ingestion dose assessment: case of the uranium bearing region of Poli, Cameroon","authors":"Siaka Yvette Flore Tchuente, Yakum Ntaw Susan Younui, S. Djepang, Saïdou-","doi":"10.1504/ijlr.2019.10024898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijlr.2019.10024898","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed at measuring radioactivity in drinking water and to assess corresponding ingestion dose to the public and the uranium toxicity. Twenty samples were collected in the uranium bearing region of Poli, Cameroon. α- and γ-spectrometry were used for radioactivity measurements. The range of activity concentrations for each radionuclide is 0.7 ± 0.3-3.5 ± 0.5 mBq.l−1 for 238U, 0.07 ± 0.03-2.1 ± 0.9 mBq.l−1 for 235U, 0.6 ± 0.2-5.1 ± 0.6 mBq.l−1 for 234U, 10 ± 1 mBq.l−1 for 226Ra, 10 ± 2-16.8 ± 2.2 mBq.l−1 for 210Po. Ingestion dose due to intake of 238U, 235U, 234U, 226Ra and 210Po in water was assessed for six age groups. The mean ingestion dose ranges from 8.8 μSv.yr−1 for adult to 123 μSv.yr−1 for infant, higher than the reference level of the committed effective dose (100 μSv.yr−1) recommended by the World Health Organisation (WHO). The uranium mass ranges between 0.014 μg.l−1 and 0.18 μg.l−1, below the reference mass which is 30 μg.l−1 showing that the uranium toxicity is low. 234U/238U isotopic ratio in water was observed with values near the equilibrium on 70% of collected samples and far from equilibrium reaching 3.09 in a borehole.","PeriodicalId":14141,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Low Radiation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48280906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-25DOI: 10.1504/ijlr.2019.10024912
Murad Al Mugahed, F. Bentayeb
Measurements of radon surface and mass exhalation rates were made for 35 types of building material samples frequently used in Morocco. In this survey, we used the Can technique, containing CR-39 detectors, to estimate the radon exposure from building materials. The surface and mass exhalation rates ranged from 37.92 mBq−2 h−1, 3.05 mBq kg−1 h−1 to 1545.60 mB q m−2 h−1, 43.14 mBq kg−1 h−1, with an average of 271.4192 mBq m−2 h−1 and 10.23 mBq kg−1 h−1, respectively. All the values of effective radium content and effective dose were calculated and they were within the safe limit in all samples studied.
{"title":"Measurement of radon exhalation rate in various building materials used in Morocco","authors":"Murad Al Mugahed, F. Bentayeb","doi":"10.1504/ijlr.2019.10024912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijlr.2019.10024912","url":null,"abstract":"Measurements of radon surface and mass exhalation rates were made for 35 types of building material samples frequently used in Morocco. In this survey, we used the Can technique, containing CR-39 detectors, to estimate the radon exposure from building materials. The surface and mass exhalation rates ranged from 37.92 mBq−2 h−1, 3.05 mBq kg−1 h−1 to 1545.60 mB q m−2 h−1, 43.14 mBq kg−1 h−1, with an average of 271.4192 mBq m−2 h−1 and 10.23 mBq kg−1 h−1, respectively. All the values of effective radium content and effective dose were calculated and they were within the safe limit in all samples studied.","PeriodicalId":14141,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Low Radiation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45726375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.1504/ijlr.2019.10024897
Cleomacio Miguel da Silva, Crescêncio Andrade da Silva Filho
{"title":"Natural radionuclides in water and sediments of the São Francisco River in Petrolina, Brazil","authors":"Cleomacio Miguel da Silva, Crescêncio Andrade da Silva Filho","doi":"10.1504/ijlr.2019.10024897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijlr.2019.10024897","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14141,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Low Radiation","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66669581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.1504/ijlr.2019.10024911
R. García Tenorio, I. Vioque, G. Manjón, E. Amoatey, A. Faanu, E. Darko, D. Kpeglo, J. Mantero
{"title":"Assessment of natural radioactivity levels and associated radiological hazard in scale and sludge from Jubilee oilfield of Ghana","authors":"R. García Tenorio, I. Vioque, G. Manjón, E. Amoatey, A. Faanu, E. Darko, D. Kpeglo, J. Mantero","doi":"10.1504/ijlr.2019.10024911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijlr.2019.10024911","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14141,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Low Radiation","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66669149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.1504/ijlr.2019.10024906
Mounir Aït Ziane, Zohra Lounis Mokrani, M. Allab
{"title":"Preliminary study of effect of environmental parameter variations on indoor radon concentrations in Mediterranean climate","authors":"Mounir Aït Ziane, Zohra Lounis Mokrani, M. Allab","doi":"10.1504/ijlr.2019.10024906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijlr.2019.10024906","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14141,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Low Radiation","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66669138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.1504/ijlr.2018.10017147
O. Gbolahan, T. Ediagbonya
{"title":"Determination of radioactive isotopes and some physiochemical parameters in five rivers in South Ondo State, Nigeria","authors":"O. Gbolahan, T. Ediagbonya","doi":"10.1504/ijlr.2018.10017147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijlr.2018.10017147","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14141,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Low Radiation","volume":"1 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66669426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.1504/IJLR.2018.10019624
Y. Alajerami, Suleiman Maher, A. Khaled, Najim Ahmed
The complex situation of the current health services exists to shift the system in significant ways to improve on this situation. The radiographic services need more efforts for building capacity. This study is conducted to evaluate radiographic services at government hospitals in Gaza Governorates. Triangulated study design was used for data collection. In the quantitative part, 170 radiological technologists completed questionnaires with 95.5% response rate. The researcher used arbitrated checklist to evaluate medical imaging facilities. Census study was conducted on all radiological technologists and medical imaging departments at six main government hospitals in the Gaza Strip. In addition, three key informant interviews with radiological technologist managers were conducted. Researchers directly interviewed 170 participants. Findings revealed that there was shortage in number of radiographic equipment and radiological technologists. Generally, radiographic departments that followed standard in structure were 45%. Regarding fluoroscopic rooms, 79% of structure followed the standard. The majority of existing darkrooms fulfilled the international standard. An improvement in human resources among medical imaging facilities was clearly observed after 1996. An observable shortage is seen in number of radiographic machines and radiological technologists at all government hospitals. All departments revealed clear defects in structure, design and essential supplies.
{"title":"Status of radiographic services at government hospitals in Gaza Governorates, Palestine","authors":"Y. Alajerami, Suleiman Maher, A. Khaled, Najim Ahmed","doi":"10.1504/IJLR.2018.10019624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJLR.2018.10019624","url":null,"abstract":"The complex situation of the current health services exists to shift the system in significant ways to improve on this situation. The radiographic services need more efforts for building capacity. This study is conducted to evaluate radiographic services at government hospitals in Gaza Governorates. Triangulated study design was used for data collection. In the quantitative part, 170 radiological technologists completed questionnaires with 95.5% response rate. The researcher used arbitrated checklist to evaluate medical imaging facilities. Census study was conducted on all radiological technologists and medical imaging departments at six main government hospitals in the Gaza Strip. In addition, three key informant interviews with radiological technologist managers were conducted. Researchers directly interviewed 170 participants. Findings revealed that there was shortage in number of radiographic equipment and radiological technologists. Generally, radiographic departments that followed standard in structure were 45%. Regarding fluoroscopic rooms, 79% of structure followed the standard. The majority of existing darkrooms fulfilled the international standard. An improvement in human resources among medical imaging facilities was clearly observed after 1996. An observable shortage is seen in number of radiographic machines and radiological technologists at all government hospitals. All departments revealed clear defects in structure, design and essential supplies.","PeriodicalId":14141,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Low Radiation","volume":"11 1","pages":"78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66669543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.1504/IJLR.2018.10019601
Monika M. Szolucha, K. W. Fornalski
The paper presents the cancer mortality and incident ecological studies due to the natural background radiation for both women and men groups in all voivodeships in Poland in 2012. The potential correlation between local annual effective dose rates from natural sources and cancer mortality ratio (CMR), cancer incident ratio (CIR) and relative risk (RR) were analysed. All results are generally inconsistent and show both increase and decrease of CMRs, CIRs and RRs. However, the presented contradictions in trends of mortalities and incidents are statistically non-significant. Additionally, the data were adjusted to six confounding factors: people aged 70 or older, number of regular daily smokers etc. Based on these results, there is no regular trend observed for cancers related to natural background radiation in Poland, thus the popular linear no-threshold (LNT) hypothesis is not an accurate description of cancer risk prediction related to natural background radiation.
{"title":"The cancer mortality and incident studies due to the natural background radiation in Poland","authors":"Monika M. Szolucha, K. W. Fornalski","doi":"10.1504/IJLR.2018.10019601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJLR.2018.10019601","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents the cancer mortality and incident ecological studies due to the natural background radiation for both women and men groups in all voivodeships in Poland in 2012. The potential correlation between local annual effective dose rates from natural sources and cancer mortality ratio (CMR), cancer incident ratio (CIR) and relative risk (RR) were analysed. All results are generally inconsistent and show both increase and decrease of CMRs, CIRs and RRs. However, the presented contradictions in trends of mortalities and incidents are statistically non-significant. Additionally, the data were adjusted to six confounding factors: people aged 70 or older, number of regular daily smokers etc. Based on these results, there is no regular trend observed for cancers related to natural background radiation in Poland, thus the popular linear no-threshold (LNT) hypothesis is not an accurate description of cancer risk prediction related to natural background radiation.","PeriodicalId":14141,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Low Radiation","volume":"11 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66669439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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