Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.5455/ijmsph.2020.06085202009062020
Nita A Tanna, Vilpa Tanna, Rakesh Srivastava
{"title":"Assessment of service components of Janani Suraksha Yojana","authors":"Nita A Tanna, Vilpa Tanna, Rakesh Srivastava","doi":"10.5455/ijmsph.2020.06085202009062020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ijmsph.2020.06085202009062020","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health","volume":"54 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90820516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.5455/ijmsph.2020.02030202018082020
J. Cacodcar, S. Kalyani, M. Jindal, Kritika Tamboskar, Riya Surlakar, Hena Signapurkar, Neha Usapkar
Background: Pre-Conception and Pre-Natal Diagnostic Techniques (PCPNDT) Act was introduced in India to provide a legal framework to support prevention of fetal foeticide and maintains a healthy sex ratio. Even after implementation of the act, illegal testing and abortions are reported. Awareness and attitudes of pregnant women will give an insight into this problem. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to study the level of awareness and attitudes among pregnant mothers at Goa Medical College toward pre-natal sex determination and female foeticide, and to study the perceptions among them regarding the PCPNDT ACT. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out among 100 consecutive pregnant women admitted from June 1 to August 31, 2019, in the antenatal wards of the Department of OBG at Goa Medical College, Bambolim, Goa. Results: Two-thirds (76%) of the pregnant mothers were aware of the PCPNDT Act and majority (83%) were aware that prenatal sex determination is an offence. The majority (81%) of the mothers had no specific expectations regarding the sex of the child, whereas 8% preferred having a male child and 11% preferred a female child. The most common reason for male child preference was found to be pressure from other family members. Conclusion: The majority of the pregnant mothers from Goa were aware of the PCPNDT Act and most of them do not have a specific preference for male child.
{"title":"Awareness and attitudes about prenatal sex determination among pregnant mothers and their perceptions regarding Pre-Conception and Pre-Natal Diagnostic Techniques Act","authors":"J. Cacodcar, S. Kalyani, M. Jindal, Kritika Tamboskar, Riya Surlakar, Hena Signapurkar, Neha Usapkar","doi":"10.5455/ijmsph.2020.02030202018082020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ijmsph.2020.02030202018082020","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pre-Conception and Pre-Natal Diagnostic Techniques (PCPNDT) Act was introduced in India to provide a legal framework to support prevention of fetal foeticide and maintains a healthy sex ratio. Even after implementation of the act, illegal testing and abortions are reported. Awareness and attitudes of pregnant women will give an insight into this problem. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to study the level of awareness and attitudes among pregnant mothers at Goa Medical College toward pre-natal sex determination and female foeticide, and to study the perceptions among them regarding the PCPNDT ACT. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out among 100 consecutive pregnant women admitted from June 1 to August 31, 2019, in the antenatal wards of the Department of OBG at Goa Medical College, Bambolim, Goa. Results: Two-thirds (76%) of the pregnant mothers were aware of the PCPNDT Act and majority (83%) were aware that prenatal sex determination is an offence. The majority (81%) of the mothers had no specific expectations regarding the sex of the child, whereas 8% preferred having a male child and 11% preferred a female child. The most common reason for male child preference was found to be pressure from other family members. Conclusion: The majority of the pregnant mothers from Goa were aware of the PCPNDT Act and most of them do not have a specific preference for male child.","PeriodicalId":14153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health","volume":"32 1","pages":"459-463"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91238064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.5455/ijmsph.2020.01010202020022020
Shameem R Kanganolli, N. Praveenkumar
Background: The internet is a source of valuable medical information. However, when it is employed as a diagnostic procedure, it has the potential to increase health anxiety among individuals who have no medical knowledge. This is a concerning subject as a large number of people search for health information online. Objectives: The objectives of the study were (i) to estimate the prevalence of cyberchondria among undergraduate medical students. (ii) To assess the factors influencing cyberchondria among undergraduate medical students. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among undergraduate medical students of Shivamogga Institute of Medical Sciences, during June 2018August 2018. One hundred and thirty-six undergraduate medical students were selected and data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. A database was created in MS Excel and analysis was done using SPSS software v.20. Descriptive statistics such as frequency and percentage were calculated and Chi-square test was used. Results: The prevalence of cyberchondria was found to be 37.5%. Cyberchondria was found to be more among males, study participants belonging to Class I according to the modified B G Prasad classification, those having 24*7 access to internet, those using internet for more than 1 h during the night, and those who were using internet for ≤5 years and for ≤6 h/day. Cyberchondria was significantly associated with the use of internet during the night. Conclusion: Excessive searching for health information online has the potential to spread threat among the people and it may lead to an increase in health anxiety. We can overcome this problem by creating awareness among the general public regarding proper usage of web search engines.
{"title":"A cross-sectional study on prevalence of cyberchondria and factors influencing it among undergraduate students","authors":"Shameem R Kanganolli, N. Praveenkumar","doi":"10.5455/ijmsph.2020.01010202020022020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ijmsph.2020.01010202020022020","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The internet is a source of valuable medical information. However, when it is employed as a diagnostic procedure, it has the potential to increase health anxiety among individuals who have no medical knowledge. This is a concerning subject as a large number of people search for health information online. Objectives: The objectives of the study were (i) to estimate the prevalence of cyberchondria among undergraduate medical students. (ii) To assess the factors influencing cyberchondria among undergraduate medical students. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among undergraduate medical students of Shivamogga Institute of Medical Sciences, during June 2018August 2018. One hundred and thirty-six undergraduate medical students were selected and data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. A database was created in MS Excel and analysis was done using SPSS software v.20. Descriptive statistics such as frequency and percentage were calculated and Chi-square test was used. Results: The prevalence of cyberchondria was found to be 37.5%. Cyberchondria was found to be more among males, study participants belonging to Class I according to the modified B G Prasad classification, those having 24*7 access to internet, those using internet for more than 1 h during the night, and those who were using internet for ≤5 years and for ≤6 h/day. Cyberchondria was significantly associated with the use of internet during the night. Conclusion: Excessive searching for health information online has the potential to spread threat among the people and it may lead to an increase in health anxiety. We can overcome this problem by creating awareness among the general public regarding proper usage of web search engines.","PeriodicalId":14153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88729297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.5455/ijmsph.2020.11172202001122020
S. Chander, G. Gargi, A. Saini, Rakesh T Chauhan
Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pandemic gripped many nations and lockdowns were declared to limit its spread. During those harrowing lockdown times what happened to non-COVID patients has not been answered yet. Objectives: In the present study, the authors have tried to study the impact of lockdown on the non-COVID patients. Materials and Methods: It was a retrospective study conducted in a tertiary care institute. The impact of lockdown (March 24, 2020May 31, 2020) on number of patients visiting outpatient department (OPD), admission, and deaths of non-COVID patients due to medical causes in wards of internal medicine and emergency was studied and compared with the corresponding period in 2019 (March 24, 2019May 31, 2019). Results: OPD numbers plummeted from 14,050 in 2019 to just 3916 during lockdown a reduction of 258.78%. The total admissions appreciated from 887 in 2019 to 959 during lockdown 2020 an increase of 8.11%. The rate of admission substantially surged from 6.31% in 2019 to 24.48% in lockdown. Death rate witnessed a marginal increase from 2.36% in 2019 to 3.64% during lockdown. Mortality from renal causes increased substantially from two cases in 2019 to 10 in lockdown an increase of 400%. Conclusion: The research points out that during lockdown times OPD numbers plummeted significantly and admission rate of non-COVID patients showed an upward trend. A slight insignificant increase of in hospital mortality rate of non-COVID patients was also noted. These observations point out that non-COVID patients received due medical care during lockdown 2020.
{"title":"Impact of lockdown on non-COVID-19 patients","authors":"S. Chander, G. Gargi, A. Saini, Rakesh T Chauhan","doi":"10.5455/ijmsph.2020.11172202001122020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ijmsph.2020.11172202001122020","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pandemic gripped many nations and lockdowns were declared to limit its spread. During those harrowing lockdown times what happened to non-COVID patients has not been answered yet. Objectives: In the present study, the authors have tried to study the impact of lockdown on the non-COVID patients. Materials and Methods: It was a retrospective study conducted in a tertiary care institute. The impact of lockdown (March 24, 2020May 31, 2020) on number of patients visiting outpatient department (OPD), admission, and deaths of non-COVID patients due to medical causes in wards of internal medicine and emergency was studied and compared with the corresponding period in 2019 (March 24, 2019May 31, 2019). Results: OPD numbers plummeted from 14,050 in 2019 to just 3916 during lockdown a reduction of 258.78%. The total admissions appreciated from 887 in 2019 to 959 during lockdown 2020 an increase of 8.11%. The rate of admission substantially surged from 6.31% in 2019 to 24.48% in lockdown. Death rate witnessed a marginal increase from 2.36% in 2019 to 3.64% during lockdown. Mortality from renal causes increased substantially from two cases in 2019 to 10 in lockdown an increase of 400%. Conclusion: The research points out that during lockdown times OPD numbers plummeted significantly and admission rate of non-COVID patients showed an upward trend. A slight insignificant increase of in hospital mortality rate of non-COVID patients was also noted. These observations point out that non-COVID patients received due medical care during lockdown 2020.","PeriodicalId":14153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77615016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.5455/ijmsph.2020.12183202025122020
A. Dixit, P. Roy
The whole world is under the grip of the coronavirus disease (COVID) 2019 pandemic and in India, the virus has wreaked havoc and the victory against the contagion seems a distant dream. A series of lockdowns were imposed in India at both central and state level to halt the spread of the virus, the repercussions of which have been drastic. The major brunt fell on the patients due to suspension of various health and public transport services amidst the lockdown. This could have been prevented by better planning and its implementation and systematic phased out lockdown measures.
{"title":"Impact of coronavirus disease-2019 and lockdown on non-coronavirus disease-2019 patients in India","authors":"A. Dixit, P. Roy","doi":"10.5455/ijmsph.2020.12183202025122020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ijmsph.2020.12183202025122020","url":null,"abstract":"The whole world is under the grip of the coronavirus disease (COVID) 2019 pandemic and in India, the virus has wreaked havoc and the victory against the contagion seems a distant dream. A series of lockdowns were imposed in India at both central and state level to halt the spread of the virus, the repercussions of which have been drastic. The major brunt fell on the patients due to suspension of various health and public transport services amidst the lockdown. This could have been prevented by better planning and its implementation and systematic phased out lockdown measures.","PeriodicalId":14153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81077573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.5455/ijmsph.2020.08143202001092020
Abdulrahman D Mahroofi, Aysha Aljeeb, A. Alqasimi, H. Jahrami
Background: Social media use has increased in the past few years; it is hardly ever to meet someone who has never been exposed to it. Moreover, individuals vary in their interactions with social media; hence, this may lead to diverse mental health outcomes. Objective: In this study, we sought to estimate the prevalence of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) in the Kingdom of Bahrain, to assess the relationship between social media use and GAD, and to identify the potential risk factors for GAD among the population. Materials and Methods: In November and December 2019, a sample of 703 participants aged ≥18 years answered an online-based questionnaire that was implemented to gather the needed data. A cross-sectional design was used along with demographic data, GAD 7, and social media scales. Ethical standards were met in this study. Results: The prevalence rate of minimal and mild forms of GAD accounts for more than 80% of the study population. Almost 75% of the sample size (73%) were found to use social media more than 6 times/day, and 48% of them felt worried while using different social media platforms. Nearly half of the sample size (44%) agreed that social media use had made them compare themselves with others. Conclusion: We concluded that the relationship between social media use and anxiety depends on multiple factors, and it is bidirectional in nature. Further studies are needed to study more aspects of social media use and to establish causality.
{"title":"The association between social media and anxiety symptoms among the general population in the Kingdom of Bahrain","authors":"Abdulrahman D Mahroofi, Aysha Aljeeb, A. Alqasimi, H. Jahrami","doi":"10.5455/ijmsph.2020.08143202001092020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ijmsph.2020.08143202001092020","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Social media use has increased in the past few years; it is hardly ever to meet someone who has never been exposed to it. Moreover, individuals vary in their interactions with social media; hence, this may lead to diverse mental health outcomes. Objective: In this study, we sought to estimate the prevalence of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) in the Kingdom of Bahrain, to assess the relationship between social media use and GAD, and to identify the potential risk factors for GAD among the population. Materials and Methods: In November and December 2019, a sample of 703 participants aged ≥18 years answered an online-based questionnaire that was implemented to gather the needed data. A cross-sectional design was used along with demographic data, GAD 7, and social media scales. Ethical standards were met in this study. Results: The prevalence rate of minimal and mild forms of GAD accounts for more than 80% of the study population. Almost 75% of the sample size (73%) were found to use social media more than 6 times/day, and 48% of them felt worried while using different social media platforms. Nearly half of the sample size (44%) agreed that social media use had made them compare themselves with others. Conclusion: We concluded that the relationship between social media use and anxiety depends on multiple factors, and it is bidirectional in nature. Further studies are needed to study more aspects of social media use and to establish causality.","PeriodicalId":14153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health","volume":"64 1","pages":"480-483"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83144218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.5455/ijmsph.2020.08137202027082020
Rayan Al Marzooq, Nawaf Mohammed Aldughaylibi, Z. Alattar, A. Amir, H. Jahrami
Background: Suicide is a leading cause of death globally. Yet, suicide is preventable, according to the American Psychiatric Association. Aims and Objectives: The study aimed to evaluate the awareness of the psychiatric hospital staff in Bahrain toward suicidal behavior. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study was carried out in a psychiatric hospital among staff. Results: A remarkable result showed that nearly 95% of the population is willing to help and prevents suicide. Moreover, 73% were very comfortable to guide someone who is having suicidal thoughts to a physician. On the other hand, 12% were uncomfortable. Furthermore, respondents were interested in learning how they could help people who have suicidal thoughts with a result of 100%. Conclusion: The psychiatric hospital staff showed a supportive attitude toward suicidal patients and great interest in improving their skills to deal with such critical situations. On the other hand, suicide prevention awareness programs need to be expanded. As the suicide rate increases, it becomes even more important to spread awareness.
{"title":"Awareness of suicide prevention among staff in the psychiatric hospital, Bahrain","authors":"Rayan Al Marzooq, Nawaf Mohammed Aldughaylibi, Z. Alattar, A. Amir, H. Jahrami","doi":"10.5455/ijmsph.2020.08137202027082020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ijmsph.2020.08137202027082020","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Suicide is a leading cause of death globally. Yet, suicide is preventable, according to the American Psychiatric Association. Aims and Objectives: The study aimed to evaluate the awareness of the psychiatric hospital staff in Bahrain toward suicidal behavior. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study was carried out in a psychiatric hospital among staff. Results: A remarkable result showed that nearly 95% of the population is willing to help and prevents suicide. Moreover, 73% were very comfortable to guide someone who is having suicidal thoughts to a physician. On the other hand, 12% were uncomfortable. Furthermore, respondents were interested in learning how they could help people who have suicidal thoughts with a result of 100%. Conclusion: The psychiatric hospital staff showed a supportive attitude toward suicidal patients and great interest in improving their skills to deal with such critical situations. On the other hand, suicide prevention awareness programs need to be expanded. As the suicide rate increases, it becomes even more important to spread awareness.","PeriodicalId":14153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health","volume":"16 1","pages":"464-467"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87061512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.5455/ijmsph.2020.08130202027082020
Aalap C. Shah, Megha Sheth, D. Shah
Background: Lumbar radiculopathy is a prevalent complaint (1240%) made by subjects with low back pain. It causes various functional limitations such as gait deviations and reduction of walking duration. Non-surgical spinal decompression therapy (DTS) is a relatively newer technology that has changed the management of lumbar radiculopathy. It has been found to relieve pain, improve neurologic symptoms, improve disk height, and reduce intervertebral pressures in various spinal pathologies. There are relatively few studies that have tried to focus on the effect of DTS on walking duration, though. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to evaluate the effect of non-surgical DTS on walking duration in subjects with lumbar radiculopathy. Materials and Methods: A randomized controlled trial using a random number generator was done with 80 subjects having lumbar radiculopathy. Forty subjects were included in each group. The experimental received 20 sessions of DTS, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, hot water fomentation, core stabilization exercises, and lower extremity strengthening exercises. The control group received the same intervention except DTS. Results: Both groups showed improvements in the walking duration post-intervention (P < 0.001). However, the experimental group better improvement than the control group (P < 0.001). Conclusion: DTS is effective in improving walking duration in subjects with lumbar radiculopathy.
{"title":"Effect of non-surgical spinal decompression therapy on walking duration in subjects with lumbar radiculopathy: A randomized controlled trial","authors":"Aalap C. Shah, Megha Sheth, D. Shah","doi":"10.5455/ijmsph.2020.08130202027082020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ijmsph.2020.08130202027082020","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Lumbar radiculopathy is a prevalent complaint (1240%) made by subjects with low back pain. It causes various functional limitations such as gait deviations and reduction of walking duration. Non-surgical spinal decompression therapy (DTS) is a relatively newer technology that has changed the management of lumbar radiculopathy. It has been found to relieve pain, improve neurologic symptoms, improve disk height, and reduce intervertebral pressures in various spinal pathologies. There are relatively few studies that have tried to focus on the effect of DTS on walking duration, though. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to evaluate the effect of non-surgical DTS on walking duration in subjects with lumbar radiculopathy. Materials and Methods: A randomized controlled trial using a random number generator was done with 80 subjects having lumbar radiculopathy. Forty subjects were included in each group. The experimental received 20 sessions of DTS, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, hot water fomentation, core stabilization exercises, and lower extremity strengthening exercises. The control group received the same intervention except DTS. Results: Both groups showed improvements in the walking duration post-intervention (P < 0.001). However, the experimental group better improvement than the control group (P < 0.001). Conclusion: DTS is effective in improving walking duration in subjects with lumbar radiculopathy.","PeriodicalId":14153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health","volume":"10 1","pages":"475-479"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90366302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.5455/ijmsph.2020.05060202021092020
K. Mitkari, H. Wadgave, S. Haralkar
Background: Adolescent age group (1019 years) is characterized by rapid physical, psychological, and cognitive development. This is a vulnerable period for the development of nutritional anemia. Lack of knowledge concerning nutrition is one of the most significant reasons for nutritional problems and inappropriate nutritional practices can lead to numerous complications. Objectives: The objectives of the study were (1) to estimate the prevalence of anemia among school-going adolescent girls aged 1116 years in rural area, (2) to know sociodemographic factors associated with anemia, and (3) to assess knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding anemia and its prevention. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in rural area during November 1, 2018January 15, 2019 among 1152 school-going adolescent girls of age between 11 and 16 years and resident of rural area using multistage sampling method. Results: In rural school-going adolescent girls, the prevalence of anemia was 67.36%. Anemia in adolescent girls was significantly associated with mothers education and occupation. About 44.18%, 43.4%, and 38.28% girls did not know about causes, symptoms, and prevention of anemia, respectively. About 53.82% of girls worried about anemia, 61.81% of girls like to eat iron-rich food, and 64.76% of girls think that iron-rich foods are beneficial in anemia. About 21.88% of girls eat iron-rich foods and 57.2% eat Vitamin C rich foods regularly. Conclusion: There was poor knowledge in girls and unsatisfactory practices about anemia and its prevention, but positive attitude was seen to prevent anemia.
{"title":"Anemia in school-going adolescent girls of age between 11 and 16 years in rural area - A cross-sectional study","authors":"K. Mitkari, H. Wadgave, S. Haralkar","doi":"10.5455/ijmsph.2020.05060202021092020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ijmsph.2020.05060202021092020","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Adolescent age group (1019 years) is characterized by rapid physical, psychological, and cognitive development. This is a vulnerable period for the development of nutritional anemia. Lack of knowledge concerning nutrition is one of the most significant reasons for nutritional problems and inappropriate nutritional practices can lead to numerous complications. Objectives: The objectives of the study were (1) to estimate the prevalence of anemia among school-going adolescent girls aged 1116 years in rural area, (2) to know sociodemographic factors associated with anemia, and (3) to assess knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding anemia and its prevention. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in rural area during November 1, 2018January 15, 2019 among 1152 school-going adolescent girls of age between 11 and 16 years and resident of rural area using multistage sampling method. Results: In rural school-going adolescent girls, the prevalence of anemia was 67.36%. Anemia in adolescent girls was significantly associated with mothers education and occupation. About 44.18%, 43.4%, and 38.28% girls did not know about causes, symptoms, and prevention of anemia, respectively. About 53.82% of girls worried about anemia, 61.81% of girls like to eat iron-rich food, and 64.76% of girls think that iron-rich foods are beneficial in anemia. About 21.88% of girls eat iron-rich foods and 57.2% eat Vitamin C rich foods regularly. Conclusion: There was poor knowledge in girls and unsatisfactory practices about anemia and its prevention, but positive attitude was seen to prevent anemia.","PeriodicalId":14153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health","volume":"18 1","pages":"508-513"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86041150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.5455/ijmsph.2020.02034202018022020
A. Dubey, Davina Hijam, O. B. Devi, W. B. Devi, Suman Debnath
Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease of unknown cause that affects the joints principally. The disease affects between 0.5% and 1% of the adult population worldwide. Two to three times as many women as men suffer from the disease. Osteocalcin (OC) is a small protein of 49 amino acids long. OC is the most abundant non-collagenous protein in bone. OC originates from osteoblasts and is deposited into bones or released into circulation, where it correlates with histological measures of bone formation. Bone alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is a glycoprotein that is found on the surface of osteoblasts. This enzyme reflects the biosynthetic activity of these bone-forming cells. The presence of OC and ALP in the circulation may, therefore, provide a specific chemical index of osteoblastic activity. Objectives: This study was undertaken to estimate the values of serum OC and ALP among patients with RA and healthy control groups and to compare and find out any changes in levels of serum OC and ALP between the study and control groups. Materials and Methods: It was a casecontrol study done on 76 RA patients and 76 age- and sex-matched healthy individuals. Serum OC and serum ALP values were evaluated among all 76 cases and 76 controls. Serum OC was measured using immunoenzymatric assay and ALP was measured by colorimetric method. Statistical analysis was performed and results were tabulated and analyzed. Results: Mean ± standard deviation of serum OC level is significantly higher (P < 0.001) among cases (18.50 ± 8.72 ng/ml) than controls (9.98 ± 7.68 ng/ml). Similarly, the values of ALP are higher (P < 0.001) among cases (216.22 ± 59.96 IU/L) than controls (164.17 ± 50.70 IU/L). A significantly positive correlation was found between serum OC and serum ALP levels. Patient with the highest mean value of serum OC also has the highest values of ALP. The values of serum ALP and OC levels increase significantly in both early and late stages when compared with control values. Conclusions: A significant difference between the values of serum OC and ALP among cases and controls was seen in the study. Levels of both these parameters are elevated in subjects with RA compared to controls. Furthermore, the levels of serum OC correlated with the levels of serum ALP. This study demonstrates that increased bone formation is associated with RA together with bone resorption.
{"title":"Study of bone formation marker levels in rheumatoid arthritis","authors":"A. Dubey, Davina Hijam, O. B. Devi, W. B. Devi, Suman Debnath","doi":"10.5455/ijmsph.2020.02034202018022020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ijmsph.2020.02034202018022020","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease of unknown cause that affects the joints principally. The disease affects between 0.5% and 1% of the adult population worldwide. Two to three times as many women as men suffer from the disease. Osteocalcin (OC) is a small protein of 49 amino acids long. OC is the most abundant non-collagenous protein in bone. OC originates from osteoblasts and is deposited into bones or released into circulation, where it correlates with histological measures of bone formation. Bone alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is a glycoprotein that is found on the surface of osteoblasts. This enzyme reflects the biosynthetic activity of these bone-forming cells. The presence of OC and ALP in the circulation may, therefore, provide a specific chemical index of osteoblastic activity. Objectives: This study was undertaken to estimate the values of serum OC and ALP among patients with RA and healthy control groups and to compare and find out any changes in levels of serum OC and ALP between the study and control groups. Materials and Methods: It was a casecontrol study done on 76 RA patients and 76 age- and sex-matched healthy individuals. Serum OC and serum ALP values were evaluated among all 76 cases and 76 controls. Serum OC was measured using immunoenzymatric assay and ALP was measured by colorimetric method. Statistical analysis was performed and results were tabulated and analyzed. Results: Mean ± standard deviation of serum OC level is significantly higher (P < 0.001) among cases (18.50 ± 8.72 ng/ml) than controls (9.98 ± 7.68 ng/ml). Similarly, the values of ALP are higher (P < 0.001) among cases (216.22 ± 59.96 IU/L) than controls (164.17 ± 50.70 IU/L). A significantly positive correlation was found between serum OC and serum ALP levels. Patient with the highest mean value of serum OC also has the highest values of ALP. The values of serum ALP and OC levels increase significantly in both early and late stages when compared with control values. Conclusions: A significant difference between the values of serum OC and ALP among cases and controls was seen in the study. Levels of both these parameters are elevated in subjects with RA compared to controls. Furthermore, the levels of serum OC correlated with the levels of serum ALP. This study demonstrates that increased bone formation is associated with RA together with bone resorption.","PeriodicalId":14153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health","volume":"4 1","pages":"258-262"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78317917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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