Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.5455/ijmsph.2020.06104202008072020
Mohammad Mukhit Kazi, A. Shidhore
Background: With the advent of newer technologies in academic teachings, usage of e-sessions has increased to a larger extent. One such commonly used internet-based teaching forum is Google Classroom. It has certain distinctive features which makes its operation efficient for the students as well as teachers. It acts as a frontline for educative workflow and simple communication method for students. It facilitates enhanced learning along with teaching process, with being most advantageous to the students. However, there is a need to understand and evaluate the robustness and pitfalls of such methods. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to assess feedback of the 2nd year undergraduate dental students regarding sessions of Google Classroom as a modern e-learning tool. Materials and Methods: A feedback questionnaire consisting of 22 items was self-administered to perceive the opinions of undergraduate dental students regarding Google Classroom, through online medium. Considering P < 0.05 as statistically significant and at 95% confidence intervals, data were sorted and analyzed. Results: There were three domains derived general domain, student-specific domain, and overall experience domain, wherein 90.5% of the students agree that Google Classroom can be considered relevant; as a new e-learning, 64.3% of the students rated their completeness of assignment submissions on Google Classroom as good and 72.2% of students responded that the knowledge gained from the Google Classroom sessions can be retained/ reproduced easily. Conclusion: The present study concludes that the undergraduate 2nd year dental students consider Google Classroom as a productive, efficient, and helpful modern e-learning tool for substantial studying and tackling exams in coronavirus disease-19 scenario.
{"title":"Google Classroom sessions as a modern e-learning tool for the second year undergraduate dental students - A questionnaire feedback study","authors":"Mohammad Mukhit Kazi, A. Shidhore","doi":"10.5455/ijmsph.2020.06104202008072020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ijmsph.2020.06104202008072020","url":null,"abstract":"Background: With the advent of newer technologies in academic teachings, usage of e-sessions has increased to a larger extent. One such commonly used internet-based teaching forum is Google Classroom. It has certain distinctive features which makes its operation efficient for the students as well as teachers. It acts as a frontline for educative workflow and simple communication method for students. It facilitates enhanced learning along with teaching process, with being most advantageous to the students. However, there is a need to understand and evaluate the robustness and pitfalls of such methods. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to assess feedback of the 2nd year undergraduate dental students regarding sessions of Google Classroom as a modern e-learning tool. Materials and Methods: A feedback questionnaire consisting of 22 items was self-administered to perceive the opinions of undergraduate dental students regarding Google Classroom, through online medium. Considering P < 0.05 as statistically significant and at 95% confidence intervals, data were sorted and analyzed. Results: There were three domains derived general domain, student-specific domain, and overall experience domain, wherein 90.5% of the students agree that Google Classroom can be considered relevant; as a new e-learning, 64.3% of the students rated their completeness of assignment submissions on Google Classroom as good and 72.2% of students responded that the knowledge gained from the Google Classroom sessions can be retained/ reproduced easily. Conclusion: The present study concludes that the undergraduate 2nd year dental students consider Google Classroom as a productive, efficient, and helpful modern e-learning tool for substantial studying and tackling exams in coronavirus disease-19 scenario.","PeriodicalId":14153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health","volume":"1 1","pages":"401-406"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90284544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.5455/ijmsph.2020.1233929122019
R. Joshi, Atul Kumar, Shobha Masih
Background: Diarrhea is the condition of having at least three loose or liquid bowel movements each day. Diarrhea is the main cause of death among under-five children in India. It often lasts for a few days and can result in dehydration due to fluid loss. Mothers basic knowledge of diarrhea depends on various factors such as educational status, prior experience of managing the disease, and food hygiene. Diarrheal diseases remain an important cause of mortality and morbidity among children, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Objective: The main aim is to measure the food hygiene practice among mothers and occurrence of diarrhea in under-five children. Materials and Methods: A non-experimental descriptive research design was conducted among 186 under-five children, mothers were selected using convenient sampling technique who fulfill inclusion criteria from the rural area of Doiwala block. Information was collected with the help of structure questionnaire on child feeding hygiene practice and practice checklist on food hygiene. Ethical permission and written consent were taken from the ethical committee of university and participants. Results: The research finding highlights that less than half of mothers (44.6%) use bowel spoon for feeding to their child. Majority of mothers (84.9%) wash his child hand with soap. Most of the mothers (74.2%) were not wash vegetables after cutting. Only 63% had check expiry of the food material before giving it to the child. Most of mothers (97.3%) wash hand of child before eating food. Nearby 38.2% of children had diarrhea in the past 6 months due to the unhygienic food practice. Conclusion: The investigator observed that there is a need to improved food hygiene practice among under 5-year children mothers because diarrhea is directly related to unhygienic food condition. The under-five children are totally depend on the mothers. If mothers will not improve food hygiene practice, then children will suffer from the diarrhea disease again and again.
{"title":"Food hygiene practice among mothers and its association with occurrence of diarrhea in under-five children in selected rural community area","authors":"R. Joshi, Atul Kumar, Shobha Masih","doi":"10.5455/ijmsph.2020.1233929122019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ijmsph.2020.1233929122019","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diarrhea is the condition of having at least three loose or liquid bowel movements each day. Diarrhea is the main cause of death among under-five children in India. It often lasts for a few days and can result in dehydration due to fluid loss. Mothers basic knowledge of diarrhea depends on various factors such as educational status, prior experience of managing the disease, and food hygiene. Diarrheal diseases remain an important cause of mortality and morbidity among children, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Objective: The main aim is to measure the food hygiene practice among mothers and occurrence of diarrhea in under-five children. Materials and Methods: A non-experimental descriptive research design was conducted among 186 under-five children, mothers were selected using convenient sampling technique who fulfill inclusion criteria from the rural area of Doiwala block. Information was collected with the help of structure questionnaire on child feeding hygiene practice and practice checklist on food hygiene. Ethical permission and written consent were taken from the ethical committee of university and participants. Results: The research finding highlights that less than half of mothers (44.6%) use bowel spoon for feeding to their child. Majority of mothers (84.9%) wash his child hand with soap. Most of the mothers (74.2%) were not wash vegetables after cutting. Only 63% had check expiry of the food material before giving it to the child. Most of mothers (97.3%) wash hand of child before eating food. Nearby 38.2% of children had diarrhea in the past 6 months due to the unhygienic food practice. Conclusion: The investigator observed that there is a need to improved food hygiene practice among under 5-year children mothers because diarrhea is directly related to unhygienic food condition. The under-five children are totally depend on the mothers. If mothers will not improve food hygiene practice, then children will suffer from the diarrhea disease again and again.","PeriodicalId":14153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health","volume":"38 1","pages":"179-184"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85027412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.5455/ijmsph.2020.04054202004082020
M. Gupta, A. Mondal
Background: Sida cordifolia Linn. is a well-known medicinal plant which exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and sexual properties. It shows good promise in the treatment of male sexual disorders during its pre-clinical studies. Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the spermatogenesis action of aqueous extract of roots of S. cordifolia Linn. in clinical trials. Materials and Methods: The study uses qualitative criteria such as primary and secondary symptoms, and quantitative investigations such as hematological investigations, hormonal analysis, and semen analysis for assessing the therapeutic efficacy of research formulation through placebo-controlled clinical trials on 50 males having lack of sexual desire and non-satisfactory sexual life. Results: Very high inhibition was noticed in respect of primary symptoms such as lack of libido, difficulty in ejaculation or little amount of semen, as well as secondary symptoms such as nausea, body ache, headache, indigestion, loss of appetite, and general weakness in the research group. Lack of any adverse changes in hematological parameters (blood sugar, hemoglobin, ESR, RBC, and WBC) and biochemical parameters (bilirubin, protein, SGPT, SGOT, and ALP) indicates the non-toxic nature of research formulation. The hormonal levels registered a significant increase during the clinical study in research group, especially the testosterone level (8.53%). Semen quality evaluated through sperm count, motility, and morphology showed a significant improvement in research group, suggesting that administration of research drug in cases of stress-related sexual problems protected healthy cells by reduced generation of ROS and helped maintain quality parameters of spermatozoa during spermatogenesis. Conclusion: The research formulation made from roots of S. cordifolia Linn. shows good and significant (P < 0.05) therapeutic efficacy through inhibition of primary and secondary symptoms and enhancement in hormonal and seminal parameters, validating its spermatogenesis effect without any toxic or adverse effects.
{"title":"Single-blind placebo-controlled clinical study to evaluate the efficacy of Sida cordifolia Linn. in treatment of semen disorders (Sukra Kshaya) using semen and hormonal analysis","authors":"M. Gupta, A. Mondal","doi":"10.5455/ijmsph.2020.04054202004082020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ijmsph.2020.04054202004082020","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Sida cordifolia Linn. is a well-known medicinal plant which exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and sexual properties. It shows good promise in the treatment of male sexual disorders during its pre-clinical studies. Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the spermatogenesis action of aqueous extract of roots of S. cordifolia Linn. in clinical trials. Materials and Methods: The study uses qualitative criteria such as primary and secondary symptoms, and quantitative investigations such as hematological investigations, hormonal analysis, and semen analysis for assessing the therapeutic efficacy of research formulation through placebo-controlled clinical trials on 50 males having lack of sexual desire and non-satisfactory sexual life. Results: Very high inhibition was noticed in respect of primary symptoms such as lack of libido, difficulty in ejaculation or little amount of semen, as well as secondary symptoms such as nausea, body ache, headache, indigestion, loss of appetite, and general weakness in the research group. Lack of any adverse changes in hematological parameters (blood sugar, hemoglobin, ESR, RBC, and WBC) and biochemical parameters (bilirubin, protein, SGPT, SGOT, and ALP) indicates the non-toxic nature of research formulation. The hormonal levels registered a significant increase during the clinical study in research group, especially the testosterone level (8.53%). Semen quality evaluated through sperm count, motility, and morphology showed a significant improvement in research group, suggesting that administration of research drug in cases of stress-related sexual problems protected healthy cells by reduced generation of ROS and helped maintain quality parameters of spermatozoa during spermatogenesis. Conclusion: The research formulation made from roots of S. cordifolia Linn. shows good and significant (P < 0.05) therapeutic efficacy through inhibition of primary and secondary symptoms and enhancement in hormonal and seminal parameters, validating its spermatogenesis effect without any toxic or adverse effects.","PeriodicalId":14153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health","volume":"39 1","pages":"419-425"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91019738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.5455/ijmsph.2020.02037202026062020
O. Odunlade, M. Akinlosotu, P. Osho, T. Ogundele, Abiola Oboh, F. Akinkunmi
{"title":"Explanatory factors with knowledge, attitude, and practice of voluntary blood donation","authors":"O. Odunlade, M. Akinlosotu, P. Osho, T. Ogundele, Abiola Oboh, F. Akinkunmi","doi":"10.5455/ijmsph.2020.02037202026062020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ijmsph.2020.02037202026062020","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health","volume":"4 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79220856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.5455/ijmsph.2020.10161202002112020
A. Janahi, A. Ansari, H. Jahrami
{"title":"The prevalence of sleep problems among mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder: A case-control study","authors":"A. Janahi, A. Ansari, H. Jahrami","doi":"10.5455/ijmsph.2020.10161202002112020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ijmsph.2020.10161202002112020","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health","volume":"115 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83467459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.5455/ijmsph.2020.07116202023072020
Rizwan Sharief, Afreen Mahaboob, P. MahaboobBasha
Background: Prenatal stress is unique due to range of problems and can affect the embryo/fetus beginning with conception. Gestational diabetes mellitus is the concern for expectant-mothers wherein glucose intolerance with consistent hyperglycemia is a threatening factor during pregnancy. Objectives: In the event of multiple stressors posing their effects on intrauterine life and placenta being the target of increased sympathetic tone during gestation, there is a possibility of functional vulnerabilities that may contribute to the pathogenesis in post-natal life. Studying brain regional discrepancies in offspring might help to know the prenatal stress-induced variation in the antioxidant barrier and promoted oxidative stress. Materials and Methods: The changes occurring in oxidative stress indices in discrete brain regions of rat offspring born as a consequential exposure to gestational diabetes (streptozotocin induction) and cold stress (15 and 20°C) are assessed in this study. Results: The findings specify the involvement of cold-stress provoked induction of higher degree oxidative stress within brain compartments as evidenced by a decrease in antioxidant enzymes, namely, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase, and GSH as well as increase in the concentration of malondialdehyde. Results highlight the synergistic actions of stressors due to the increased generation of free radicals. Cold stress at 15°C found to cause exacerbatory actions by depleting antioxidant enzymes in diabetic subjects than the exposures made at 20°C. Conclusion: The findings prove that cold stress is a crucial stimulus to a fetus during gestation and acts as a trigger of oxidative stress especially in diabetic subjects and can pose an adverse impact. These changes could partly explain the increased vulnerability of prenatally stressed subjects to functional disorders including deficits in memory and cognitive processes in later life.
{"title":"Consequential exposure to hypothermia in gestational diabetic rats induces oxidative changes in the brain of offspring","authors":"Rizwan Sharief, Afreen Mahaboob, P. MahaboobBasha","doi":"10.5455/ijmsph.2020.07116202023072020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ijmsph.2020.07116202023072020","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Prenatal stress is unique due to range of problems and can affect the embryo/fetus beginning with conception. Gestational diabetes mellitus is the concern for expectant-mothers wherein glucose intolerance with consistent hyperglycemia is a threatening factor during pregnancy. Objectives: In the event of multiple stressors posing their effects on intrauterine life and placenta being the target of increased sympathetic tone during gestation, there is a possibility of functional vulnerabilities that may contribute to the pathogenesis in post-natal life. Studying brain regional discrepancies in offspring might help to know the prenatal stress-induced variation in the antioxidant barrier and promoted oxidative stress. Materials and Methods: The changes occurring in oxidative stress indices in discrete brain regions of rat offspring born as a consequential exposure to gestational diabetes (streptozotocin induction) and cold stress (15 and 20°C) are assessed in this study. Results: The findings specify the involvement of cold-stress provoked induction of higher degree oxidative stress within brain compartments as evidenced by a decrease in antioxidant enzymes, namely, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase, and GSH as well as increase in the concentration of malondialdehyde. Results highlight the synergistic actions of stressors due to the increased generation of free radicals. Cold stress at 15°C found to cause exacerbatory actions by depleting antioxidant enzymes in diabetic subjects than the exposures made at 20°C. Conclusion: The findings prove that cold stress is a crucial stimulus to a fetus during gestation and acts as a trigger of oxidative stress especially in diabetic subjects and can pose an adverse impact. These changes could partly explain the increased vulnerability of prenatally stressed subjects to functional disorders including deficits in memory and cognitive processes in later life.","PeriodicalId":14153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health","volume":"20 1","pages":"407-413"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84779720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.5455/ijmsph.2020.08135202027082020
M. Jayaraman, K. V. Leela, E. Rajalakshmi
Background: Two types of herpes simplex virus (HSV) HSV type 1 (HSV-1) and HSV type 2 (HSV-2) can cause oral and genital infections, respectively. Superadded bacterial and fungal infections of HSV lesions are one of the complications seen in herpes simplex infections. Objective: The study aims to identify the super added bacterial and fungal infections in oral and genital herpes simplex infections. Materials and Methods: This is an observational study carried out at SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Tamil Nadu, India, from February 2019 to February 2020 after the Institutional Ethical committee approval. Patients with clinically suspected oral and genital herpes infections in all age groups are included in the study excluding neonates and infants. Under aseptic precautions vesicular fluid, blood and wound swabs were collected. Vesicular fluid examined by Tzanck smear for multinucleated giant cells, and Immunoglobulin M enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay performed in positive cases. Superadded bacterial and fungal infections identified using conventional culture and identification methods. Results: In this observational study, a total of 75 patients were screened for oral and genital herpes infection. Thirty-five (46.6%) were clinically positive. Out of the positive cases, Tzanck smear was positive in 17 (48.6%), superadded bacterial and fungal infections are seen in 18 (51.4%). The most common super added infections are Candida albicans 9 (50%), Candida non-albicans 4 (22.2%), Escherichia coli 2 (11%), Staphylococcus 1 (5.6%), Enterococcus 1 (5.6%), and Proteus mirabilis 1 (5.6%). Conclusion: Most common superadded infections associated with oral and genital herpes simplex infections are with Candida species, E. coli, and Staphylococcus.
{"title":"Superadded bacterial and fungal infections in oral and genital herpes simplex lesions","authors":"M. Jayaraman, K. V. Leela, E. Rajalakshmi","doi":"10.5455/ijmsph.2020.08135202027082020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ijmsph.2020.08135202027082020","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Two types of herpes simplex virus (HSV) HSV type 1 (HSV-1) and HSV type 2 (HSV-2) can cause oral and genital infections, respectively. Superadded bacterial and fungal infections of HSV lesions are one of the complications seen in herpes simplex infections. Objective: The study aims to identify the super added bacterial and fungal infections in oral and genital herpes simplex infections. Materials and Methods: This is an observational study carried out at SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Tamil Nadu, India, from February 2019 to February 2020 after the Institutional Ethical committee approval. Patients with clinically suspected oral and genital herpes infections in all age groups are included in the study excluding neonates and infants. Under aseptic precautions vesicular fluid, blood and wound swabs were collected. Vesicular fluid examined by Tzanck smear for multinucleated giant cells, and Immunoglobulin M enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay performed in positive cases. Superadded bacterial and fungal infections identified using conventional culture and identification methods. Results: In this observational study, a total of 75 patients were screened for oral and genital herpes infection. Thirty-five (46.6%) were clinically positive. Out of the positive cases, Tzanck smear was positive in 17 (48.6%), superadded bacterial and fungal infections are seen in 18 (51.4%). The most common super added infections are Candida albicans 9 (50%), Candida non-albicans 4 (22.2%), Escherichia coli 2 (11%), Staphylococcus 1 (5.6%), Enterococcus 1 (5.6%), and Proteus mirabilis 1 (5.6%). Conclusion: Most common superadded infections associated with oral and genital herpes simplex infections are with Candida species, E. coli, and Staphylococcus.","PeriodicalId":14153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health","volume":"226 1","pages":"468-474"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78476371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.5455/ijmsph.2020.09156202010102020
Dipen R. Damor, Mina D Varlekar, Hardika R Upaqdhyay, Mukesh S. Suvera, Nilay Thakore
Background: Deficiency of insulin generally causes diabetes mellitus (DM), a metabolic disorder with elevated blood glucose levels. Practicing yoga and pranayama affects the secretion of insulin and glucagon through neurohormonal modulation. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to see 16 weeks yoga-asanas and pranayamas helpful in non-insulin-dependent DM (NIDDM) (Type II DM) management. Materials and Methods: A total of 50 participants of both gender between 35 and 60 years of age with NIDDM (Type II DM) subjects of at least 12 months duration, those on antidiabetic diet and oral hypoglycemic medicine were included in the study. After recording the baseline parameters (pre-intervention values), yoga and pranayama was practiced by all the participants once in a day, daily for 16 weeks. Blood sample for fasting blood sugar (FBS), post-prandial blood sugar (PPBS), glycosylated hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C), and hemoglobin (Hb) was estimated at day 1 and at the end of each of the 4 months of the study period. After 16 weeks values were compared and analyzed. Results: Decreased FBS and PPBS values from 139.2 ± 16.6 and 174.1 ± 7.9 mg/dl to 96.8 ± 15.9 and 134.7 ± 8.4 mg/dl, respectively. HbA1C value decreased from 9.3 ± 1.0 to 6.9 ± 0.7. Hb value increased from 10.2 ± 1.3 to 12.6 ± 1.6. Conclusion: Our study provides yoga-asanas and pranayamas helpful in the NIDDM (Type II DM) management.
{"title":"Yoga-asanas and pranayama: Is it helpful in management non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus","authors":"Dipen R. Damor, Mina D Varlekar, Hardika R Upaqdhyay, Mukesh S. Suvera, Nilay Thakore","doi":"10.5455/ijmsph.2020.09156202010102020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ijmsph.2020.09156202010102020","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Deficiency of insulin generally causes diabetes mellitus (DM), a metabolic disorder with elevated blood glucose levels. Practicing yoga and pranayama affects the secretion of insulin and glucagon through neurohormonal modulation. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to see 16 weeks yoga-asanas and pranayamas helpful in non-insulin-dependent DM (NIDDM) (Type II DM) management. Materials and Methods: A total of 50 participants of both gender between 35 and 60 years of age with NIDDM (Type II DM) subjects of at least 12 months duration, those on antidiabetic diet and oral hypoglycemic medicine were included in the study. After recording the baseline parameters (pre-intervention values), yoga and pranayama was practiced by all the participants once in a day, daily for 16 weeks. Blood sample for fasting blood sugar (FBS), post-prandial blood sugar (PPBS), glycosylated hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C), and hemoglobin (Hb) was estimated at day 1 and at the end of each of the 4 months of the study period. After 16 weeks values were compared and analyzed. Results: Decreased FBS and PPBS values from 139.2 ± 16.6 and 174.1 ± 7.9 mg/dl to 96.8 ± 15.9 and 134.7 ± 8.4 mg/dl, respectively. HbA1C value decreased from 9.3 ± 1.0 to 6.9 ± 0.7. Hb value increased from 10.2 ± 1.3 to 12.6 ± 1.6. Conclusion: Our study provides yoga-asanas and pranayamas helpful in the NIDDM (Type II DM) management.","PeriodicalId":14153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health","volume":"71 1","pages":"540-543"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76777637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.5455/ijmsph.2020.08132202024082020
Paphapin Pairojtanachai
Cystic fibrosis is a disease found predominantly in Caucasians. It is caused by an autosomal recessive mutation in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene. The mutation(s) lead to defective CFTR proteins, or transmembrane cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent chloride channels found on the surface of epithelial cells. The respiratory system is most impacted by this abnormal phenotype, and lung disease can bring about the majority of the various issues that a cystic fibrosis patient has to deal with. Even so, due to the excess amount of mucus that is secreted, individuals diagnosed with cystic fibrosis experience complications in other organs as well. Today, newborn screening is widely used as a means of early diagnosis of cystic fibrosis, and there are also multiple other novel technologies that aim for accurate diagnosis and prevention of the disease. In addition, while traditional treatment programs are based on curing the symptoms that the patients exhibit, new regimens are directed at correcting the error that occurred at the molecular level. With improvements made in the medical field, cystic fibrosis patients are able to live longer and have a better quality of life. This review article serves as a compilation of the current knowledge on the causes of cystic fibrosis, the physiological processes associated with the disease, the techniques for diagnosis of the disease, and finally the recent and upcoming therapeutics for the disease.
{"title":"The pathological features of cystic fibrosis and the diagnostic techniques and treatments involved","authors":"Paphapin Pairojtanachai","doi":"10.5455/ijmsph.2020.08132202024082020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ijmsph.2020.08132202024082020","url":null,"abstract":"Cystic fibrosis is a disease found predominantly in Caucasians. It is caused by an autosomal recessive mutation in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene. The mutation(s) lead to defective CFTR proteins, or transmembrane cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent chloride channels found on the surface of epithelial cells. The respiratory system is most impacted by this abnormal phenotype, and lung disease can bring about the majority of the various issues that a cystic fibrosis patient has to deal with. Even so, due to the excess amount of mucus that is secreted, individuals diagnosed with cystic fibrosis experience complications in other organs as well. Today, newborn screening is widely used as a means of early diagnosis of cystic fibrosis, and there are also multiple other novel technologies that aim for accurate diagnosis and prevention of the disease. In addition, while traditional treatment programs are based on curing the symptoms that the patients exhibit, new regimens are directed at correcting the error that occurred at the molecular level. With improvements made in the medical field, cystic fibrosis patients are able to live longer and have a better quality of life. This review article serves as a compilation of the current knowledge on the causes of cystic fibrosis, the physiological processes associated with the disease, the techniques for diagnosis of the disease, and finally the recent and upcoming therapeutics for the disease.","PeriodicalId":14153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health","volume":"1 1","pages":"452-458"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77586428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.5455/ijmsph.2020.06086202021082020
M. Narendran, C SmithaM, J. Thomas, P. Kulkarni, R NarayanaMurthyM
Background: Despite improvements in immunization coverage during the 1990s, full immunization coverage for 1223 months according to National Family Health Survey 4 still remains low. To change the quality of care outcome within a system, quality improvement initiatives must first understand the causes contributing to the outcome and accordingly can administer the changes. Objectives: The objective of this study were as follows: (1) To understand the barriers to Routine Immunization among Caregivers and health personnel through participatory group discussions and (2) cocreation of a fishbone diagram illustrating the barriers, in an Urban Primary Health Center in Mysuru, Karnataka. Materials and Methods: The barriers to immunization were unveiled by participatory focus group discussions conducted among caregivers and health workers in an urban primary health center in Mysuru. A fishbone diagram depicting the root causes of delayed immunization/drop-outs was constructed with the participants. Results: The barriers include social factors, individual/family factors, barriers associated with private clinics, and problems in the public health system. The major cause was information system which did not reach the parents periodically by health workers, carelessness by the parents for delaying or skipping, migrating population, and non-accounting of child immunization in private clinics. Conclusion: Lack of timely administration and drop-outs of key childhood vaccines and improper functioning of the health system remains a major challenge in this area. An effective, regular, and universal monitoring of the sessions are necessary for appropriate action which is very much essential.
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