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Predicting ship hull flow-field distributions using a soft-constrained ANN model 用软约束人工神经网络模型预测船体流场分布
IF 3.9 3区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MARINE Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100712
Christoforos Lefkiou , Phoevos (Foivos) Koukouvinis , Sotirios Chatzis , Stefanos Xyfolis
Accurate determination of shear and pressure force distributions around a ship's hull is paramount for hydrodynamic optimization tasks, as integrating these fields across the hull's surface provides the total drag force applied on the hull. While Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) provides this capability, it is often limited by high computational cost and time-consuming pre-processing, post-processing, and simulation times. The challenge is further amplified during design exploration studies, where simulations are performed across multiple operational conditions. To address these limitations, we propose a soft-constrained Multitask deep neural network, named HydroForceNet, which serves as a surrogate model for CFD simulations on marine vessel hulls. Our proposed architecture can accurately predict pressure and shear distributions on various Wigley-based geometries and calculates the resistance components, using three-dimensional geometric and operational inputs, at a fraction of the computational cost of a traditional CFD evaluation. Finally, to further illustrate its applicability, the proposed artificial neural network is integrated into a genetic algorithm-based optimization task, producing a new hull geometry with a 15.77 % reduction of hydrodynamic resistance compared to a reference hull geometry, after evaluating over 2500 designs within 2 min, while faithfully reproducing the flow field.
准确确定船体周围的剪切力和压力力分布对于流体动力优化任务至关重要,因为将这些场整合到船体表面上可以提供施加在船体上的总阻力。虽然计算流体动力学(CFD)提供了这种能力,但通常受到高计算成本和耗时的预处理、后处理和模拟时间的限制。在设计探索研究期间,在多种操作条件下进行模拟,挑战进一步扩大。为了解决这些限制,我们提出了一个软约束的多任务深度神经网络,名为HydroForceNet,它可以作为船舶船体CFD模拟的替代模型。我们提出的架构可以准确地预测各种基于wigley的几何结构上的压力和剪切分布,并使用三维几何和操作输入计算阻力分量,而计算成本只是传统CFD评估的一小部分。最后,为了进一步说明其适用性,将所提出的人工神经网络集成到基于遗传算法的优化任务中,在2分钟内评估了2500多个设计后,生成了一个新的船体几何形状,与参考船体几何形状相比,水动力阻力降低了15.77%,同时忠实地再现了流场。
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引用次数: 0
A hybrid SA-based model for integrated routing and 3D stowage of inter-continental RoRo ships with mixed pickup-delivery and stability constraints 具有混合装卸和稳定性约束的洲际滚装船集成路线和3D积载的混合sa模型
IF 3.9 3区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MARINE Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2026.100751
Jonghae Kim , Heechang Yoon , Jong Hun Woo
Integrated voyage and stowage planning for Roll-on/Roll-off (RoRo) ships involves optimizing port sequences and managing simultaneous loading/unloading operations. While most existing research on RoRo Ship Routing and Stowage Problems (RSRSP) addresses simplified routing scenarios, this study proposes a more realistic model termed 3L-MPD-RSRSP. It incorporates intercontinental routing, 3D stowage constraints, and operational complexities such as simultaneous loading/unloading at ports and adjustable deck heights for high & heavy cargo. To solve this, we propose a hybrid algorithm based on simulated annealing. The framework is used to generate high-quality initial route plans. Then, a newly developed heuristic, RSP, is applied to stowage planning. RSP prioritizes cargo placement through rule-based logic, including cargo classification and location ranking. It works in conjunction with a simulation engine that evaluates 3D stowage feasibility, ship stability, Last-In-First-Out constraints, and cargo profitability. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm outperforms conventional methods in both solution quality and operational robustness, offering a more realistic and effective framework for RoRo voyage and stowage planning.
滚装(RoRo)船舶的综合航行和积载规划包括优化港口顺序和管理同时装卸作业。虽然大多数关于滚装船路线和积载问题(RSRSP)的现有研究都是针对简化的路线问题,但本研究提出了一个更现实的模型,称为3L-MPD-RSRSP。它结合了洲际航线、3D积载限制和操作复杂性,例如在港口同时装卸货物和可调节的甲板高度,以适应重型货物。为了解决这个问题,我们提出了一种基于模拟退火的混合算法。该框架用于生成高质量的初始路由规划。然后,将一种新开发的启发式算法RSP应用于积载规划。RSP通过基于规则的逻辑(包括货物分类和位置排序)对货物放置进行优先排序。它与模拟引擎一起工作,可以评估3D积载可行性、船舶稳定性、后进先出约束和货物盈利能力。实验结果表明,该算法在求解质量和操作鲁棒性方面均优于传统方法,为滚装航次和配载规划提供了更加真实有效的框架。
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引用次数: 0
Performance evaluation of a 15 MW semi-submersible floating offshore wind turbine with a synthetic fiber mooring system 采用合成纤维系泊系统的15mw海上半潜式浮式风力机性能评价
IF 3.9 3区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MARINE Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100734
Frederick Gavin , Chungkuk Jin , Sewon Kim , Woo Chul Chung , MooHyun Kim
The present study investigates the influence of permanent elongation and dynamic stiffness variation in polyester ropes on the dynamic and structural behaviors of 15-MW taut-moored semi-submersible floating offshore wind turbine (FOWT) platforms. Numerical models of FOWTs were developed, incorporating the permanent elongation and dynamic stiffness variations of polyester ropes under various environmental conditions using the Syrope methodology. Three mooring configurations were analyzed: chain-only and chain–polyester–chain systems, with and without updates for permanent elongation and dynamic stiffness. Results were assessed through statistical parameters and time histories of platform motions and hub accelerations as dynamic responses and mooring tensions and tower-base moments as structural responses. The findings reveal that accounting for permanent elongation and stiffness variation amplifies global motions and structural responses compared to cases neglecting these effects. In taut-mooring configurations, the observed behavioral changes are associated with slack-taut transitions and snap loading phenomena, markedly intensified when considering elongation and dynamic stiffness.
本文研究了聚酯绳的永久伸长和动态刚度变化对15mw系泊半潜式海上风电平台动力和结构性能的影响。采用Syrope方法建立了FOWTs的数值模型,结合了不同环境条件下聚酯绳的永久伸长率和动态刚度变化。研究人员分析了三种系泊结构:纯链系泊和链-聚酯链系泊,以及有无更新的永久伸长率和动态刚度。通过平台运动和轮毂加速度作为动力响应的统计参数和时间历史,以及系泊张力和塔基力矩作为结构响应来评估结果。研究结果表明,与忽略这些影响的情况相比,考虑永久伸长率和刚度变化放大了整体运动和结构响应。在拉紧系泊配置中,观察到的行为变化与松弛-拉紧过渡和弹跳加载现象有关,当考虑伸长率和动刚度时,这种变化明显加剧。
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引用次数: 0
Cross-domain heterogeneous unmanned system: Development status and key technologies 跨域异构无人系统:发展现状及关键技术
IF 3.9 3区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MARINE Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100733
Jian Zhou , Shuaichao Guo , Zhan Zhang , Junming Wu , Yue Zhao , Zongyu Zhang , Chenxu Wang
Due to the limitations of single unmanned equipment in meeting increasingly complex task requirements, the collaborative application of cross-domain heterogeneous unmanned platforms has gradually become a research hotspot in the field of unmanned systems. This paper first conducts a bibliometric analysis of the research field of cross-domain heterogeneous unmanned systems, revealing research progress from multiple perspectives. It then introduces representative global projects and applications. Subsequently, the development status of cross-domain heterogeneous collaboration technologies is reviewed from four main aspects: surface-underwater collaboration, aerial-surface collaboration, aerial-ground collaboration, and multi-domain combined collaboration. On this basis, the key technologies involved in cross-domain heterogeneous collaboration are discussed, including cross-domain communication technology, cross-domain heterogeneous task allocation, intelligent environmental perception, manned/unmanned system cooperation, integration with command systems, and security and privacy protection. This study aims to provide a reference for researchers engaged in the field of cross-domain heterogeneous unmanned systems.
由于单一无人设备在满足日益复杂的任务需求方面的局限性,跨域异构无人平台的协同应用逐渐成为无人系统领域的研究热点。本文首先对跨域异构无人系统的研究领域进行文献计量分析,从多个角度揭示研究进展。然后介绍了具有代表性的全球项目和应用。随后,从水面-水下协同、空中-水面协同、空中-地面协同和多领域联合协同四个主要方面综述了跨域异构协同技术的发展现状。在此基础上,讨论了跨域异构协同涉及的关键技术,包括跨域通信技术、跨域异构任务分配、智能环境感知、有人/无人系统协同、与指挥系统集成、安全与隐私保护等。本研究旨在为从事跨域异构无人系统研究的研究人员提供参考。
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引用次数: 0
Optimization of cycloidal propeller performance over multiple operating points using a multi-fidelity CFD-Experimental approach 利用多保真度cfd -实验方法优化摆线螺旋桨在多个工作点上的性能
IF 3.9 3区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MARINE Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100715
Guillaume Fasse , Matthieu Sacher , Frederic Hauville , Gregory Germain
Cycloidal propulsion, also known as the transverse-axis system, holds significant promise for the next generation of ships. Its capability to deliver excellent maneuverability at low speeds, similar to the Voith-Schneider Propeller, and high efficiency at elevated speeds, as seen in systems like ADVPropulse and ABB-Dynafin, makes it a versatile and efficient propulsion solution for a broad range of operational scenarios. Advancements in mechatronics and blade motion control are paving the way for the development of fully electric blade-command cycloidal propellers. This innovation eliminates the constraints imposed by traditional mechanical kinematics, enabling dynamic blade pitch adjustments and significantly broadening the propeller’s operational range and performance. Building on the previously established effective pitch law optimization, the present work employs a multi-fidelity approach to reduce computational costs and better capture the complex physics, which remains challenging to fully optimize using CFD models alone. At the highest level of fidelity, experimental performance evaluations are complemented by CFD simulations, which serve as a lower-fidelity model, balancing computational efficiency and physical accuracy. This multi-fidelity optimization framework is applied across various operating conditions for both cycloidal and trochoidal modes. The resulting series of optimized pitch laws demonstrate the necessity of transitioning from cycloidal mode at low ship speeds to trochoidal mode at high ship speeds to achieve and maintain peak performance.
摆线推进,也被称为横轴系统,对下一代船舶具有重要的前景。它在低速时具有出色的机动性,类似于福伊特-施耐德螺旋桨,在高速时具有高效率,如ADVPropulse和ABB-Dynafin等系统,使其成为一种通用而高效的推进解决方案,适用于广泛的作战场景。机电一体化和叶片运动控制的进步为全电动叶片控制摆线螺旋桨的发展铺平了道路。这一创新消除了传统机械运动学的限制,实现了动态桨距调整,大大拓宽了螺旋桨的工作范围和性能。在先前建立的有效的音高律优化的基础上,本研究采用了多保真度方法来降低计算成本,更好地捕捉复杂的物理现象,而仅使用CFD模型进行完全优化仍然具有挑战性。在最高保真度下,实验性能评估由CFD模拟补充,作为较低保真度的模型,平衡计算效率和物理精度。该多保真度优化框架适用于摆线和摆线模式的各种操作条件。由此产生的一系列优化的俯仰规律表明,在低船速下,从摆线模式过渡到高船速下的摆线模式,以达到并保持最佳性能的必要性。
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引用次数: 0
Anti-swing overhead crane control algorithm based on multi-body dynamics using reinforcement learning 基于多体动力学强化学习的桥式起重机防摆控制算法
IF 3.9 3区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MARINE Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100719
Jun-Gi Jang, Seung-Ho Ham
Excessive cargo sway during crane operations in the current shipbuilding industry is a major problem that causes safety accidents and work delays. Therefore, the development of stable crane control technology is essential. In this study, a crane control algorithm that simultaneously achieves accurate movement to target positions and sway minimization was developed using reinforcement learning. In dynamics modeling, the Discrete Euler-Lagrange Equation was applied to significantly reduce the computational complexity of existing methods, and the Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) method was used for control policy learning. A three-dimensional virtual environment was constructed to perform learning under various travel distances and operating conditions, and the performance of the developed algorithm was compared and verified against the traditional trapezoidal velocity profile. Experimental results showed that the proposed method exhibited significant improvements in position control precision and sway suppression performance compared to existing methods. The results of this study are expected to contribute to the implementation of automated crane control systems in actual shipyard environments.
在目前的造船业中,起重机作业中货物晃动过大是造成安全事故和工作延误的主要问题。因此,开发稳定的起重机控制技术是必不可少的。本研究采用强化学习的方法,开发了一种同时实现精确运动到目标位置和摆动最小化的起重机控制算法。在动力学建模中,采用离散欧拉-拉格朗日方程(Discrete Euler-Lagrange Equation)大大降低了现有方法的计算复杂度,并采用近端策略优化(Proximal Policy Optimization, PPO)方法进行控制策略学习。构建了三维虚拟环境,在不同的行驶距离和工况下进行学习,并与传统的梯形速度剖面进行了性能比较和验证。实验结果表明,与现有方法相比,该方法在位置控制精度和抑制摆动性能方面有显著提高。本研究的结果可望有助于在实际船厂环境中实施自动起重机控制系统。
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引用次数: 0
A RAG-based Q&A system for ship regulations applying domain adaptation 基于区域自适应的船舶规则问答系统
IF 3.9 3区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MARINE Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100735
In-Su Han , Myung-Il Roh , Min-Chul Kong
Various international organizations and classification societies have established extensive regulations to enhance the safety and reliability of ships. These regulations are continuously revised and updated to keep pace with technological advancements, the increasing size of ships, and the tightening of environmental regulations in the shipbuilding and maritime industry. The key contents of regulations are often conveyed through text, as well as interrelated equations and tables. Due to the complexity of these formats and the inherent difficulty of the regulatory content itself, users require considerable time, effort, and a high level of expertise to retrieve and interpret the necessary information accurately. This study proposed a Q&A (Question-and-Answer) system for ship regulations utilizing RAG (Retrieval-Augmented Generation) to address these challenges. The proposed system comprises a framework that retrieves relevant information from a large-scale database and generates reliable answers tailored to the user's query intent. To achieve this, we constructed ship regulations into a database optimized for searchability and incorporated hierarchical structures to improve search accuracy. A search module was implemented based on semantic analysis techniques to retrieve the most relevant rules effectively. An answer generation module was also implemented to produce appropriate answers grounded in the retrieved rules. Especially, a domain adaptation technique was applied to a general-purpose model, enabling the system to clearly understand the specialized terminology and context within the domain of ship regulations. The Q&A system supports users in quickly navigating ship regulations, facilitating clear comprehension and practical application of the information. The proposed system was applied to the regulations of the Korean Register, demonstrating its capability to promptly and accurately retrieve rules related to user queries and generate reliable answers.
各种国际组织和船级社已经制定了广泛的法规来提高船舶的安全性和可靠性。这些法规不断修订和更新,以跟上技术进步,船舶规模的增加,以及造船和海事行业环境法规的收紧。规章的主要内容往往通过文字以及相关的方程式和表格来传达。由于这些格式的复杂性和监管内容本身固有的难度,用户需要大量的时间、精力和高水平的专业知识来准确地检索和解释必要的信息。本研究提出了一个利用RAG(检索增强生成)的船舶法规问答系统来解决这些挑战。该系统包括一个从大型数据库中检索相关信息的框架,并根据用户的查询意图生成可靠的答案。为了实现这一目标,我们将船舶规则构建到一个优化了可搜索性的数据库中,并采用分层结构来提高搜索精度。实现了基于语义分析技术的搜索模块,有效检索相关度最高的规则。还实现了一个答案生成模块,以根据检索到的规则生成适当的答案。特别地,将领域自适应技术应用于通用模型,使系统能够清晰地理解船舶法规领域内的专业术语和上下文。Q&;A系统支持用户快速导航船舶法规,促进对信息的清晰理解和实际应用。将该系统应用于《韩国登记簿》的规章制度,证明了该系统能够迅速准确地检索与用户查询有关的规则,并产生可靠的答案。
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引用次数: 0
Probabilistic prediction of optimal T-joint welding parameters considering data trends and variability using generative adversarial network 基于生成对抗网络的考虑数据趋势和可变性的t形接头焊接参数概率预测
IF 3.9 3区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MARINE Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100738
Edam Kim , Kwang Sik Kim , Changik Lee , Jang Hyun Lee
This study proposes a method for deriving optimal welding conditions to achieve the target bead geometry in fillet welding. Existing regression-based approaches, fail to sufficiently capture the nonlinearity and variability inherent in the welding process. Moreover, the lack of available raw data hinders the training of reliable models. Prediction models trained solely on deterministic data also face limitations in learning distributional characteristics, making it difficult to identify optimal parameter combinations within a confidence interval. To overcome these challenges, we introduce a model correction and augmentation technique based on a generative adversarial network (GAN). This approach calibrates the linearity of finite element analysis simulation data while incorporating the experimental variability observed in welding data. This approach preserves the linearity of simulation data and the physical variability of experimental welding data, generating reliable corrected and augmented datasets for training. The generated dataset, expressed probabilistically, was applied to prediction models to estimate optimal welding conditions corresponding to the target bead geometry. Two deep learning algorithms—a Multi-layer Perceptron and a Transformer model—were employed for performance comparison. The results indicated that the Transformer achieved lower mean absolute error and higher R2 values, demonstrating superior predictive performance. Additionally, heuristic filtering was used to derive multiple welding conditions that satisfied the target bead geometry. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that GAN-based data correction and augmentation provide the foundation for constructing a reliable probabilistic dataset, while the optimal welding conditions are subsequently derived by applying prediction algorithms in combination with heuristic filtering, enabling the selection of stable welding parameters that minimize defects and achieve the target bead geometry in fillet welding.
本文提出了一种求最佳焊接条件的方法,以实现角焊缝的目标几何形状。现有的基于回归的方法不能充分捕捉焊接过程中固有的非线性和可变性。此外,缺乏可用的原始数据阻碍了可靠模型的训练。仅在确定性数据上训练的预测模型在学习分布特征方面也面临局限性,难以在置信区间内识别最佳参数组合。为了克服这些挑战,我们引入了一种基于生成对抗网络(GAN)的模型校正和增强技术。这种方法校准了有限元分析模拟数据的线性度,同时结合了焊接数据中观察到的实验变异性。这种方法保留了模拟数据的线性和实验焊接数据的物理可变性,为训练生成可靠的校正和增强数据集。将生成的数据集以概率形式表示,应用于预测模型,以估计与目标焊头几何形状相对应的最佳焊接条件。采用两种深度学习算法(多层感知器和变压器模型)进行性能比较。结果表明,变压器具有较低的平均绝对误差和较高的R2值,具有较好的预测性能。此外,采用启发式滤波方法推导出满足靶头几何形状的多个焊接条件。综上所述,本研究表明,基于gan的数据校正和增强为构建可靠的概率数据集提供了基础,而随后通过结合启发式滤波的预测算法推导出最优焊接条件,从而可以选择稳定的焊接参数,从而最小化缺陷并实现角焊缝的目标几何形状。
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引用次数: 0
A crack localization method for beam-analogy structures based on wavelet transform of mode shape variations 基于模态振型变化小波变换的梁类结构裂纹局部化方法
IF 3.9 3区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MARINE Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100726
Jun-Hong Park , Yun-Ho Shin , Keunbok Song , Hyemin Seong , Dae-Seung Cho , Kookhyun Kim
This study proposes a crack localization method for beam-analogy structures with and without inherent structural discontinuities such as girders and bulkheads of ships, bridge piers, and building slabs. The proposed method utilizes the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) of crack-induced mode shape variations to identify the structural singularity due to a crack regardless of the singularity of mode shape curvature caused by the inherent structural discontinuity. In addition, multiple mode shapes with different nodal and mode shape curvature distributions as well as a polynomial padding mitigating edge effects are utilized to enhance crack detectability. The Reconstructed Detail Component (RDC) derived from the inverse wavelet transform of detail coefficients is used as a crack indicator to preserve spatial resolution. The validity of the proposed method is examined through numerical analyses on a uniform beam, a ship-like box-girder structure with bulkheads, and a real container ship structure. The results confirm that the proposed method is able to localize a crack and to estimate its severity, even when the crack occurs at an inherent structural discontinuity.
本文提出了一种具有或不具有固有结构不连续面的梁类结构的裂缝定位方法,如船舶的大梁和舱壁、桥墩和楼板。该方法利用裂纹引起的模态振型变化的离散小波变换(DWT)来识别由裂纹引起的结构奇异性,而不考虑固有结构不连续引起的模态振型曲率奇异性。此外,利用具有不同节点和模态曲率分布的多模态振型以及多项式填充减轻边缘效应来提高裂纹的可检测性。利用细节系数的小波反变换得到的重构细节分量(RDC)作为裂缝指示器,以保持裂缝的空间分辨率。通过对均匀梁、带舱壁的类船箱梁结构和实际集装箱船结构的数值分析,验证了所提方法的有效性。结果表明,即使裂缝发生在固有结构不连续处,所提出的方法也能定位裂缝并估计其严重程度。
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引用次数: 0
Line contact induced bending failures of ice sheets during ship-ice interactions 船-冰相互作用中冰原线接触引起的弯曲破坏
IF 3.9 3区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MARINE Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100711
Fan Zhang , Qikai Zhang , Dong Peng , Yudi Wang , Yihe Wang , Qi Qin , Shihong Hu , Gang Wu
Recent field observations from the Xuelong icebreaker indicate that line contact induced bending failures of ice sheets are prevalent during consecutive ice breaking processes. However, the corresponding ice force and breaking length have rarely been studied. Against this backdrop, this study proposes a model with seven independent input parameters to characterize the loading scenario without assuming ice sheet geometric symmetry. The normalized governing equation based on the theory of thin plates on elastic foundations is solved by the finite element (FE) method, and the results are further utilized to train a XGBoost model. The established line contact induced bending failure model is implemented into a non-smooth discrete element method (DEM) framework for ship-ice interaction simulations, and the numerical result for ice resistance of the Xuelong 2 icebreaker in level ice is validated against model test data. This study facilitates a more accurate real-time description of ice-sloping structure interactions.
雪龙号破冰船最近的野外观测表明,在连续的破冰过程中,线接触引起的冰盖弯曲破坏是普遍存在的。然而,对相应的冰力和断裂长度的研究却很少。在此背景下,本研究提出了一个具有7个独立输入参数的模型,在不假设冰盖几何对称的情况下表征加载情景。基于弹性基础薄板理论的归一化控制方程采用有限元法求解,并将求解结果进一步用于训练XGBoost模型。将建立的线接触诱导弯曲破坏模型应用到船冰相互作用的非光滑离散元法(DEM)框架中,通过模型试验数据验证了雪龙2号破冰船在水平冰面上的冰阻数值结果。该研究有助于更准确地实时描述冰坡结构相互作用。
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引用次数: 0
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International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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