Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100677
Byung-Hwa Song , Bon-Yeong Park , Dong-Kun Lee
This study examines the feasibility of gross tonnage (GT) measurement using 3D point cloud technology as a digital alternative to traditional manual methods. While ships over 24 m follow standardized regulations under the 1969 Tonnage Measurement Convention (TMC), those under 24 m are subject to diverse national rules, often based on simplified formulas. In this study, 3D point clouds were acquired using laser scanners for two Korean vessels—a government-owned ship over 24 m and a fishing vessel under 24 m. After post-processing, the enclosed volume was estimated using a convex hull algorithm and compared with GT values calculated under national standards. The point cloud-based method showed minimal variation, with a maximum difference of 0.30 % in volume and 0.23 TON in GT. These results indicate that 3D scanning provides a reliable and accurate alternative for GT measurement and offers potential for broader institutional adoption through standardized digital workflows.
{"title":"A case study on the introduction of an advanced ship inspection method: Gross tonnage measurement 3D point clouds","authors":"Byung-Hwa Song , Bon-Yeong Park , Dong-Kun Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100677","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100677","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the feasibility of gross tonnage (GT) measurement using 3D point cloud technology as a digital alternative to traditional manual methods. While ships over 24 m follow standardized regulations under the 1969 Tonnage Measurement Convention (TMC), those under 24 m are subject to diverse national rules, often based on simplified formulas. In this study, 3D point clouds were acquired using laser scanners for two Korean vessels—a government-owned ship over 24 m and a fishing vessel under 24 m. After post-processing, the enclosed volume was estimated using a convex hull algorithm and compared with GT values calculated under national standards. The point cloud-based method showed minimal variation, with a maximum difference of 0.30 % in volume and 0.23 TON in GT. These results indicate that 3D scanning provides a reliable and accurate alternative for GT measurement and offers potential for broader institutional adoption through standardized digital workflows.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14160,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100677"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144780251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100701
Yongchul Lee , Taegoo Lee , Ji-Woo Hong , Byoung-Kwon Ahn , Kyungjun Lee , Donghyun Lee
Propeller cavitation is a highly complex phenomenon involving multiphase flow structures. Detailed observation of cavity behavior in localized regions is essential for safe and efficient propeller design. Partial blade models allow for focused investigation of specific blade angles and operating conditions, with a relatively larger observation frame than conventional cavitation tunnel tests. This study investigates the tip vortex flow characteristics of a full-scale propeller using two stationary partial blade models with different section shapes and cambers. The experiments were conducted under operating conditions corresponding to ship speeds of 16–18 knots and cavitation numbers ranging from 0.51 to 0.36. Several important physical phenomena were observed, such as the collapse of cavitation bubbles triggered by re-entrant flow and the complex interactions between primary and secondary vortex cavities. In particular, the high-speed imaging analysis clearly visualizes the collapse process of cavitation bubbles caused by the re-entrant flow in the blade tip region. The analysis showed that, at a cavitation number of 0.42, the two models exhibited a difference of approximately 28 %. The study identifies the formation of primary and secondary vortex cavities, clarifies the process by which they interact and grow together, and provides insight into how the adverse effects of tip vortex cavitation can be effectively mitigated.
{"title":"Experimental investigation of tip vortex cavitation using a stationary partial propeller blade model","authors":"Yongchul Lee , Taegoo Lee , Ji-Woo Hong , Byoung-Kwon Ahn , Kyungjun Lee , Donghyun Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100701","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100701","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Propeller cavitation is a highly complex phenomenon involving multiphase flow structures. Detailed observation of cavity behavior in localized regions is essential for safe and efficient propeller design. Partial blade models allow for focused investigation of specific blade angles and operating conditions, with a relatively larger observation frame than conventional cavitation tunnel tests. This study investigates the tip vortex flow characteristics of a full-scale propeller using two stationary partial blade models with different section shapes and cambers. The experiments were conducted under operating conditions corresponding to ship speeds of 16–18 knots and cavitation numbers ranging from 0.51 to 0.36. Several important physical phenomena were observed, such as the collapse of cavitation bubbles triggered by re-entrant flow and the complex interactions between primary and secondary vortex cavities. In particular, the high-speed imaging analysis clearly visualizes the collapse process of cavitation bubbles caused by the re-entrant flow in the blade tip region. The analysis showed that, at a cavitation number of 0.42, the two models exhibited a difference of approximately 28 %. The study identifies the formation of primary and secondary vortex cavities, clarifies the process by which they interact and grow together, and provides insight into how the adverse effects of tip vortex cavitation can be effectively mitigated.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14160,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100701"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145568262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100696
In-Su Han , Myung-Il Roh , Min-Chul Kong
The P&ID (Piping and Instrumentation Diagram) is an essential drawing used to understand the structure and interconnections of systems within a ship. It serves a critical role throughout the entire lifecycle, from design to maintenance. However, because P&IDs express complex engineering information using simplified symbols, lines, and text, manual interpretation is typically required, which poses challenges such as high expertise demands, time consumption, and inconsistency depending on the individual engineer's interpretation. In this study, we proposed a method for automatically analyzing the interconnections between equipment and piping from P&IDs in both image and DXF (Drawing eXchange Format) formats, considering the distinct characteristics and limitations of each format, and converting them into a normalized graph structure. First, deep learning-based object detection was applied to image-formatted P&IDs to automatically detect various symbols and extract their classes and position information. Among the models tested, Cascade R-CNN demonstrated the best detection performance. Subsequently, entities such as lines and text were extracted from DXF-formatted P&IDs, and algorithms were developed to filter out significant lines and automatically determine branch relationships. Finally, the key components extracted from the P&ID were defined as nodes, and the interconnections between them were defined as edges to form a structured graph. Experimental results using test P&IDs confirmed that the proposed method could accurately identify interconnections and convert them into a structured graph even in environments that reflect real-world drawing conventions. As a result, the proposed method significantly improves upon the previously manual and repetitive interpretation process. It establishes a foundation for utilizing structured graph data in a wide range of future design and operational support applications by converting P&ID information into digital and normalized data.
{"title":"An automated method for converting P&IDs in shipbuilding to structured graphs","authors":"In-Su Han , Myung-Il Roh , Min-Chul Kong","doi":"10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100696","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100696","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The P&ID (Piping and Instrumentation Diagram) is an essential drawing used to understand the structure and interconnections of systems within a ship. It serves a critical role throughout the entire lifecycle, from design to maintenance. However, because P&IDs express complex engineering information using simplified symbols, lines, and text, manual interpretation is typically required, which poses challenges such as high expertise demands, time consumption, and inconsistency depending on the individual engineer's interpretation. In this study, we proposed a method for automatically analyzing the interconnections between equipment and piping from P&IDs in both image and DXF (Drawing eXchange Format) formats, considering the distinct characteristics and limitations of each format, and converting them into a normalized graph structure. First, deep learning-based object detection was applied to image-formatted P&IDs to automatically detect various symbols and extract their classes and position information. Among the models tested, Cascade R-CNN demonstrated the best detection performance. Subsequently, entities such as lines and text were extracted from DXF-formatted P&IDs, and algorithms were developed to filter out significant lines and automatically determine branch relationships. Finally, the key components extracted from the P&ID were defined as nodes, and the interconnections between them were defined as edges to form a structured graph. Experimental results using test P&IDs confirmed that the proposed method could accurately identify interconnections and convert them into a structured graph even in environments that reflect real-world drawing conventions. As a result, the proposed method significantly improves upon the previously manual and repetitive interpretation process. It establishes a foundation for utilizing structured graph data in a wide range of future design and operational support applications by converting P&ID information into digital and normalized data.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14160,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100696"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145358278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100651
Maochun Wei , Keyu Chen , Fei Yan , Jikang Ma , Kaiming Liu , En Cheng
Environmental perception and object detection are pivotal research topics in the marine domain. The sea surface presents unique challenges, including harsh weather conditions, wave interference, and multi-scale targets, often resulting in suboptimal detection results. To address these issues, we present an innovative solution: the integration of the Efficient Scale Fusion Module (ESFM) into the advanced YOLO architecture, resulting in the enhanced model, YOLO-ESFM. The ESFM serves as both the backbone and detection head of the network, significantly improving performance compared to the baseline models in YOLOv5s, YOLOv7-tiny, and YOLOv7. Furthermore, to tackle the limitations of the CIOU in YOLOv7, we introduce an improved method, ZIOU, which has been rigorously evaluated and proven effective on the Sea Surface Target Dataset. Comparative studies demonstrate that YOLO-ESFM not only maintains efficiency in terms of parameters and FLOPs but also surpasses YOLOv7 in detection accuracy on both the Sea Surface Target Dataset and the PASCAL VOC 07+12 Dataset.
{"title":"YOLO-ESFM: A multi-scale YOLO algorithm for sea surface object detection","authors":"Maochun Wei , Keyu Chen , Fei Yan , Jikang Ma , Kaiming Liu , En Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100651","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100651","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Environmental perception and object detection are pivotal research topics in the marine domain. The sea surface presents unique challenges, including harsh weather conditions, wave interference, and multi-scale targets, often resulting in suboptimal detection results. To address these issues, we present an innovative solution: the integration of the Efficient Scale Fusion Module (ESFM) into the advanced YOLO architecture, resulting in the enhanced model, YOLO-ESFM. The ESFM serves as both the backbone and detection head of the network, significantly improving performance compared to the baseline models in YOLOv5s, YOLOv7-tiny, and YOLOv7. Furthermore, to tackle the limitations of the CIOU in YOLOv7, we introduce an improved method, ZIOU, which has been rigorously evaluated and proven effective on the Sea Surface Target Dataset. Comparative studies demonstrate that YOLO-ESFM not only maintains efficiency in terms of parameters and FLOPs but also surpasses YOLOv7 in detection accuracy on both the Sea Surface Target Dataset and the PASCAL VOC 07+12 Dataset.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14160,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100651"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143610254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2024.100631
Yang Zhang , Se-Myong Chang , Deuk-Joon Yum
A planing craft is one of the most commonly used types for small high-performance vessels since it helps to mitigate the severe viscous friction between the ship hull and water. Therefore, it is essential to develop methods for quickly and accurately estimating the running attitude during the early design phase and in actual operational conditions. We propose the Extended Modified Logvinovich Model (EMLM) for water entry to address the flow separation problem when a wedge-shaped hull enters the free surface during motion. Utilizing a two-dimensional approximation, we analyzed the fundamental potential flow through mathematical techniques for unsteady flow. As a verification, we calculated the dynamic vertical force coefficient compared with CFD(computational fluid dynamics) based on BEM(boundary element method) and an analytic similarity solution, where the results demonstrated good agreement with experimental data for validation.
{"title":"The extended modified Logvinovich model: Application to the water entry of two-dimensional wedges","authors":"Yang Zhang , Se-Myong Chang , Deuk-Joon Yum","doi":"10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2024.100631","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2024.100631","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A planing craft is one of the most commonly used types for small high-performance vessels since it helps to mitigate the severe viscous friction between the ship hull and water. Therefore, it is essential to develop methods for quickly and accurately estimating the running attitude during the early design phase and in actual operational conditions. We propose the Extended Modified Logvinovich Model (EMLM) for water entry to address the flow separation problem when a wedge-shaped hull enters the free surface during motion. Utilizing a two-dimensional approximation, we analyzed the fundamental potential flow through mathematical techniques for unsteady flow. As a verification, we calculated the dynamic vertical force coefficient compared with CFD(computational fluid dynamics) based on BEM(boundary element method) and an analytic similarity solution, where the results demonstrated good agreement with experimental data for validation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14160,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100631"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143164719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100660
Ji-Hoon Kim , Won-Chan Jeong , Insung Choi , Kwang-Hyeon Lee , Myung-Hyun Kim
The increasing demand for eco-friendly energy has led to a rise in the use of liquefied natural gas (LNG) ships, necessitating materials with superior mechanical and fatigue performance at cryogenic temperatures. High manganese steel has emerged as a promising alternative to conventional cryogenic steels due to its excellent mechanical properties. However, research on its fatigue performance, particularly in hybrid laser arc welding (HLAW), remains limited. This study evaluates the fatigue performance of HLAW joints in high manganese steel and compares the results with those from other welding processes. Comprehensive fatigue tests, including fatigue crack propagation analysis, were conducted to assess the fatigue resistance of the weldments. The results demonstrate that HLAW weldments exhibit superior fatigue resistance and mechanical properties compared to conventional arc-welded joints. These findings confirm the suitability of HLAW for LNG applications with high manganese steel, offering improved weld quality and increased productivity.
{"title":"Fatigue performance of hybrid laser arc welded joints with high manganese steel","authors":"Ji-Hoon Kim , Won-Chan Jeong , Insung Choi , Kwang-Hyeon Lee , Myung-Hyun Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100660","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100660","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing demand for eco-friendly energy has led to a rise in the use of liquefied natural gas (LNG) ships, necessitating materials with superior mechanical and fatigue performance at cryogenic temperatures. High manganese steel has emerged as a promising alternative to conventional cryogenic steels due to its excellent mechanical properties. However, research on its fatigue performance, particularly in hybrid laser arc welding (HLAW), remains limited. This study evaluates the fatigue performance of HLAW joints in high manganese steel and compares the results with those from other welding processes. Comprehensive fatigue tests, including fatigue crack propagation analysis, were conducted to assess the fatigue resistance of the weldments. The results demonstrate that HLAW weldments exhibit superior fatigue resistance and mechanical properties compared to conventional arc-welded joints. These findings confirm the suitability of HLAW for LNG applications with high manganese steel, offering improved weld quality and increased productivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14160,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100660"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143899380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100669
Kun-Yuan Tsai , Chih-Chung Fang
This study aims to develop a smart navigation database for ship manoeuvring based on real-time simulations in calm water. In the ship manoeuvring simulation, the entry of a large container ship into the Kaohsiung and Keelung harbours is executed by different marine mates by using the PC version of the real-time ship simulator. First, multiple real-time simulations are conducted for each harbour, and qualitative analyses are performed based on relevant statistics. Furthermore, the ship collision avoidance E-navigation-aid system developed by the authors is used to assist the five marine mates in entering the Kaohsiung and Keelung harbours, and the differences between the scenario in which the mates are assisted by the system and that in which they perform manual operation are discussed. Finally, based on simulation statistics, comparisons of voyage time, voyage distance, and rudder operation with and without the ship collision avoidance E-navigation-aid system are presented and discussed.
{"title":"Analysis of real-time ship manoeuvring simulation with a ship collision avoidance E-navigation aid system","authors":"Kun-Yuan Tsai , Chih-Chung Fang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100669","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100669","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to develop a smart navigation database for ship manoeuvring based on real-time simulations in calm water. In the ship manoeuvring simulation, the entry of a large container ship into the Kaohsiung and Keelung harbours is executed by different marine mates by using the PC version of the real-time ship simulator. First, multiple real-time simulations are conducted for each harbour, and qualitative analyses are performed based on relevant statistics. Furthermore, the ship collision avoidance E-navigation-aid system developed by the authors is used to assist the five marine mates in entering the Kaohsiung and Keelung harbours, and the differences between the scenario in which the mates are assisted by the system and that in which they perform manual operation are discussed. Finally, based on simulation statistics, comparisons of voyage time, voyage distance, and rudder operation with and without the ship collision avoidance E-navigation-aid system are presented and discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14160,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100669"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144470074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100699
Soonhyun Lee, Hyungju Kim
This study presents a bibliometric analysis of the tidal energy generation research landscape, aiming to identify current trends, intellectual structures, and future directions in the field. A total of 791 relevant publications were retrieved from the Scopus database, and the data were analyzed using Biblioshiny and VOSviewer. The study identified influential publications, leading authors, prominent institutions, core journals, and contributing countries. A three-field plot was generated to visualize the relationships among keywords, key journals, and countries. Keyword coupling was employed to classify thematic clusters, and four major research themes were identified: Turbulence analysis, Tidal turbine design, Tidal energy assessment, and Feasibility analysis. Influential and relatively recent papers were selected from each cluster to review the tidal energy-related technologies, analytical methods, key findings, and potential applications associated with each theme. Based on the outcomes of this analysis, future research directions for advancing the field of tidal energy generation were briefly discussed. Overall, the research, development, and investment in the tidal energy sector appear insufficient considering its potential. To address this gap, it is essential to enhance energy conversion efficiency and to promote continued research, investment, and an increase in experimental and demonstration projects. Consequently, this study highlights these needs and discusses potential future directions for the development of tidal energy.
{"title":"Bibliometric analysis of tidal energy: Trends in tidal turbine design, resource assessment, turbulence, and feasibility analysis","authors":"Soonhyun Lee, Hyungju Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100699","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100699","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a bibliometric analysis of the tidal energy generation research landscape, aiming to identify current trends, intellectual structures, and future directions in the field. A total of 791 relevant publications were retrieved from the Scopus database, and the data were analyzed using Biblioshiny and VOSviewer. The study identified influential publications, leading authors, prominent institutions, core journals, and contributing countries. A three-field plot was generated to visualize the relationships among keywords, key journals, and countries. Keyword coupling was employed to classify thematic clusters, and four major research themes were identified: <em>Turbulence analysis, Tidal turbine design, Tidal energy assessment, and Feasibility analysis</em>. Influential and relatively recent papers were selected from each cluster to review the tidal energy-related technologies, analytical methods, key findings, and potential applications associated with each theme. Based on the outcomes of this analysis, future research directions for advancing the field of tidal energy generation were briefly discussed. Overall, the research, development, and investment in the tidal energy sector appear insufficient considering its potential. To address this gap, it is essential to enhance energy conversion efficiency and to promote continued research, investment, and an increase in experimental and demonstration projects. Consequently, this study highlights these needs and discusses potential future directions for the development of tidal energy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14160,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100699"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145516412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100682
Jung Kwan Seo , O-Hyun Kwon , Dae Kyeom Park , Joo Shin Park
Jack-up units have recently become common due to the expansion of offshore drilling and installation vessels. In most previous research, guidelines for related jack-up rig structures have assessed the interaction with the soil structure during installation in terms of penetration of a spudcan. However, the design of safe operating conditions must also take into account the interactions with the soil structure in case of horizontal impact loads from collisions with attendant and/or passing vessels. It is therefore important to consider the risk-based design of rig foundations, incorporating a study of soil-structural characteristics, to minimise the effects of collision accidents that may occur under operating conditions. In this study we develop a fundamental dataset and a simplified understanding of soil stiffness that will enable the simulation of the rig-installation process using simplified experimental models that involve soil modelling, and penetration and impact. These data will be used in structural design and risk management for industrial practices as well as in further validation/calibration studies for advanced numerical/experimental modelling and design guidance.
{"title":"A simplified experimental soil-leg interaction model for ship to Jack-up leg collision","authors":"Jung Kwan Seo , O-Hyun Kwon , Dae Kyeom Park , Joo Shin Park","doi":"10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100682","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100682","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Jack-up units have recently become common due to the expansion of offshore drilling and installation vessels. In most previous research, guidelines for related jack-up rig structures have assessed the interaction with the soil structure during installation in terms of penetration of a spudcan. However, the design of safe operating conditions must also take into account the interactions with the soil structure in case of horizontal impact loads from collisions with attendant and/or passing vessels. It is therefore important to consider the risk-based design of rig foundations, incorporating a study of soil-structural characteristics, to minimise the effects of collision accidents that may occur under operating conditions. In this study we develop a fundamental dataset and a simplified understanding of soil stiffness that will enable the simulation of the rig-installation process using simplified experimental models that involve soil modelling, and penetration and impact. These data will be used in structural design and risk management for industrial practices as well as in further validation/calibration studies for advanced numerical/experimental modelling and design guidance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14160,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100682"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144988666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100681
Haiyang Zhang , Maydison , Heejin Kang , Yun-Ho Kim , Jaewon Jang , Zhiqiang Han , Daekyun Oh
The electric propulsion system has recently attracted considerable interest due to its advantages in reducing emissions. Nevertheless, the deployment of electric propulsion systems in small vessels necessitates rigorous examination and validation. Rather than adopting electric propulsion systems without due consideration, it is preferable to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of their feasibility at the design stage. This study proposes an evaluation method for propulsion systems suitable for small vessels based on effective energy density. The objective is to consider propulsion system equipment factors from the design stage and assess their applicability to small vessels. A reverse design of a battery electric propulsion system for a GT 9.77 fishing boat was conducted, and its effective energy density was compared with that of the original diesel engine propulsion system. The findings demonstrate that under identical weekly sailing design requirements, the effective gravimetric energy density and effective volumetric energy density of the diesel engine propulsion system are 11.95 times and 13.14 times greater, respectively, than those of the battery electric propulsion system. This finding indicates that, given the limitations of current battery technology, battery electric propulsion systems are not a viable option for long-duration sailing fishing boats. Further analysis indicates that the effective energy density of the battery electric propulsion system is superior to that of the diesel engine propulsion system under low-speed, short-duration operating conditions. The findings of this study indicate that the evaluation method based on effective energy density at the design stage is an effective means of determining the suitability of a chosen propulsion system for specific application needs of small vessels. This approach facilitates the design and selection of appropriate propulsion systems.
{"title":"Effective energy density in small vessels: a comparative study of diesel engines and battery electric propulsion systems","authors":"Haiyang Zhang , Maydison , Heejin Kang , Yun-Ho Kim , Jaewon Jang , Zhiqiang Han , Daekyun Oh","doi":"10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100681","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100681","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The electric propulsion system has recently attracted considerable interest due to its advantages in reducing emissions. Nevertheless, the deployment of electric propulsion systems in small vessels necessitates rigorous examination and validation. Rather than adopting electric propulsion systems without due consideration, it is preferable to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of their feasibility at the design stage. This study proposes an evaluation method for propulsion systems suitable for small vessels based on effective energy density. The objective is to consider propulsion system equipment factors from the design stage and assess their applicability to small vessels. A reverse design of a battery electric propulsion system for a GT 9.77 fishing boat was conducted, and its effective energy density was compared with that of the original diesel engine propulsion system. The findings demonstrate that under identical weekly sailing design requirements, the effective gravimetric energy density and effective volumetric energy density of the diesel engine propulsion system are 11.95 times and 13.14 times greater, respectively, than those of the battery electric propulsion system. This finding indicates that, given the limitations of current battery technology, battery electric propulsion systems are not a viable option for long-duration sailing fishing boats. Further analysis indicates that the effective energy density of the battery electric propulsion system is superior to that of the diesel engine propulsion system under low-speed, short-duration operating conditions. The findings of this study indicate that the evaluation method based on effective energy density at the design stage is an effective means of determining the suitability of a chosen propulsion system for specific application needs of small vessels. This approach facilitates the design and selection of appropriate propulsion systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14160,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100681"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144842351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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