Pub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2025-09-08DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100690
Sin-Der Lee , Cheng-Yu Fan , Chun-Hsin Yang
Since 2012, Keelung Port has shifted from cargo operations to a tourism-focused harbor. By 2018, it hosted 282 cruise ships and over 940,000 passengers. However, seasonal weather-typhoons in summer and monsoons in winter-poses navigation risks. This study focuses on the SuperStar Aquarius, the most frequent cruise ship at the port in 2018, analyzing its routes using AIS data. Ninety Fast Time Simulations were conducted under six scenarios, mainly under strong northeast monsoon conditions with wind speeds of 8, 10, and 13 m/s and varying tidal flows. Results showed significant route deviations in Zone 2 due to environmental forces. The greatest navigational risk was observed during half-speed entries under winter monsoon conditions, where the combination of reduced maneuverability and strong lateral forces led to excessive drift toward the western breakwater-raising the potential for collisions. The findings provide valuable insights for improving cruise ship navigation safety and guiding port planning efforts.
{"title":"Exploration of safe navigation zones for large cruise ships entering Keelung port by fast time simulations","authors":"Sin-Der Lee , Cheng-Yu Fan , Chun-Hsin Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100690","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100690","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Since 2012, Keelung Port has shifted from cargo operations to a tourism-focused harbor. By 2018, it hosted 282 cruise ships and over 940,000 passengers. However, seasonal weather-typhoons in summer and monsoons in winter-poses navigation risks. This study focuses on the SuperStar Aquarius, the most frequent cruise ship at the port in 2018, analyzing its routes using AIS data. Ninety Fast Time Simulations were conducted under six scenarios, mainly under strong northeast monsoon conditions with wind speeds of 8, 10, and 13 m/s and varying tidal flows. Results showed significant route deviations in Zone 2 due to environmental forces. The greatest navigational risk was observed during half-speed entries under winter monsoon conditions, where the combination of reduced maneuverability and strong lateral forces led to excessive drift toward the western breakwater-raising the potential for collisions. The findings provide valuable insights for improving cruise ship navigation safety and guiding port planning efforts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14160,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100690"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145415146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2025-11-26DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100710
Ruoling Zhou , Liu Yang , Ailong Fan , Qing Liu , Lei Wang , JunZhang Yang , Nikola Vladimir
With the advancement of global environmental protection policies and the transformation of energy structure, battery electric ships (BESs) are expected to enter a period of accelerated development. However, the associated risk factors are more complex than those of traditional ships, making it difficult for existing risk assessment approaches to fully capture emerging risks. This paper systematically identifies the key risk factors from four dimensions: seafarer, ship, environment and management, summarizes the risk assessment methods ranging from single-component failure analysis to overall ship safety evaluation, and examines corresponding assessment results and preventive measures. The findings show that seafarer and ship risks exert direct influences on ship safety and impose higher technical requirements, whereas environmental and management risks exert indirect effects. For single-component failures, differentiated assessment methods are recommended, such as process-based analyses for seafarer risks, component-focused approaches for batteries, motors, and electronic systems, and dynamic hazard identification for charging facilities and environmental factors. For overall ship safety, comprehensive risk assessment frameworks are suggested. Finally, targeted prevention measures are proposed for various risk categories, including optimization of battery design and enhancement of seafarer competencies. Current risk assessment for BESs faces challenges related to limited data, immature models, and insufficient regulations. Future efforts should focus on gradually accumulating accident cases and risk datasets, as well as developing quantitative assessment methods or models capable of capturing interdependencies among risks.
{"title":"Systematic review of battery electric ship safety: risk factors, assessment methods, and preventive measures","authors":"Ruoling Zhou , Liu Yang , Ailong Fan , Qing Liu , Lei Wang , JunZhang Yang , Nikola Vladimir","doi":"10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100710","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100710","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the advancement of global environmental protection policies and the transformation of energy structure, battery electric ships (BESs) are expected to enter a period of accelerated development. However, the associated risk factors are more complex than those of traditional ships, making it difficult for existing risk assessment approaches to fully capture emerging risks. This paper systematically identifies the key risk factors from four dimensions: seafarer, ship, environment and management, summarizes the risk assessment methods ranging from single-component failure analysis to overall ship safety evaluation, and examines corresponding assessment results and preventive measures. The findings show that seafarer and ship risks exert direct influences on ship safety and impose higher technical requirements, whereas environmental and management risks exert indirect effects. For single-component failures, differentiated assessment methods are recommended, such as process-based analyses for seafarer risks, component-focused approaches for batteries, motors, and electronic systems, and dynamic hazard identification for charging facilities and environmental factors. For overall ship safety, comprehensive risk assessment frameworks are suggested. Finally, targeted prevention measures are proposed for various risk categories, including optimization of battery design and enhancement of seafarer competencies. Current risk assessment for BESs faces challenges related to limited data, immature models, and insufficient regulations. Future efforts should focus on gradually accumulating accident cases and risk datasets, as well as developing quantitative assessment methods or models capable of capturing interdependencies among risks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14160,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100710"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145681453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2025-02-03DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100647
Dong-Guen Jeong , Myung-Il Roh , In-Chang Yeo , Ki-Su Kim , Jun-Sik Lee
Route planning for large commercial ships generally revolves around economic factors, such as fuel consumption and travel distance, which are often influenced by maritime weather conditions. In contrast, small ships navigating coastal areas, such as yachts, prioritize safety and navigational convenience. Although extensive research has been conducted on route planning for commercial ships, more studies focusing on small ships are required. This study introduces a novel route planning method for coastal areas tailored to small ships. The proposed method begins by generating quadtree charts derived from an S-57 chart. Considering the lower computational performance typically observed for small ships, a quadtree chart offers a more efficient solution than a traditional regular grid. This structure allows for high-resolution representation only where necessary, considering water depth and coastal obstacles to ensure safe navigation. The route planning process comprises two layers: high-level and low-level. The high-level layer uses lower-resolution charts to outline a general route between the departure and arrival points and to identify key entrances along the way. The low-level layer, which employs higher-resolution charts, generates a detailed route from the departure point to the entrance and from the entrance to the arrival point. The final step involves smoothing to ensure a seamless and navigationally efficient route. Adopting a hierarchical approach can significantly enhance the efficiency of route planning by utilizing a multi-level structure, thereby reducing the time required for route planning. This methodology enables more effective responses in continuous maritime environments, ensuring high efficiency even during real-time route updates and modifications. The proposed method was applied to the coastal areas of the Republic of Korea to assess its effectiveness. In this study, the proposed method was compared with conventional chart generation methods. The results demonstrate that the method provides suitable and safe route planning for small ships, offering a reliable approach for coastal area navigation.
{"title":"A route planning method for small ships in coastal areas based on quadtree","authors":"Dong-Guen Jeong , Myung-Il Roh , In-Chang Yeo , Ki-Su Kim , Jun-Sik Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100647","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100647","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Route planning for large commercial ships generally revolves around economic factors, such as fuel consumption and travel distance, which are often influenced by maritime weather conditions. In contrast, small ships navigating coastal areas, such as yachts, prioritize safety and navigational convenience. Although extensive research has been conducted on route planning for commercial ships, more studies focusing on small ships are required. This study introduces a novel route planning method for coastal areas tailored to small ships. The proposed method begins by generating quadtree charts derived from an S-57 chart. Considering the lower computational performance typically observed for small ships, a quadtree chart offers a more efficient solution than a traditional regular grid. This structure allows for high-resolution representation only where necessary, considering water depth and coastal obstacles to ensure safe navigation. The route planning process comprises two layers: high-level and low-level. The high-level layer uses lower-resolution charts to outline a general route between the departure and arrival points and to identify key entrances along the way. The low-level layer, which employs higher-resolution charts, generates a detailed route from the departure point to the entrance and from the entrance to the arrival point. The final step involves smoothing to ensure a seamless and navigationally efficient route. Adopting a hierarchical approach can significantly enhance the efficiency of route planning by utilizing a multi-level structure, thereby reducing the time required for route planning. This methodology enables more effective responses in continuous maritime environments, ensuring high efficiency even during real-time route updates and modifications. The proposed method was applied to the coastal areas of the Republic of Korea to assess its effectiveness. In this study, the proposed method was compared with conventional chart generation methods. The results demonstrate that the method provides suitable and safe route planning for small ships, offering a reliable approach for coastal area navigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14160,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100647"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143479293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2025-01-27DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100645
Chang Hwan Jang , Do Kyun Kim
In this study (Part 1), a method is proposed to adjust the loads to achieve the target hull girder load with or without local loads on ships and ship-like structures. Each force or pressure load is referred to as a local load and the sum of forces and moments integrated with respect to the station is referred to as the hull girder load or global load. The hull girder load is composed of axial force (AF), vertical shear force (VSF), horizontal shear force (HSF), torsional moment (TM), vertical bending moment (VBM) and horizontal bending moment (HBM), each of which is related to each other by forces in the x, y and z directions. The adjustment of hull girder loads is required in hull structural analyses with various model extents and boundary conditions. In the whole ship model, it is necessary to implement more accurate hull girder loads and in the cargo hold, fore and aft body model, it is necessary to adjust the hull girder loads calculated from local loads to the target value. In the adjustment of the hull girder load, it is not only important to adjust it more accurately to the target value, but also the distribution of the added load is very important. In general, the hull girder load is adjusted to the target value by adding forces in the x, y and z directions to nodes in the cross section of the hull. If the forces are placed by considering only the position of the nodes, the loads may be concentrated or applied in a different direction from the placement of the elements, resulting in unexpected stresses or deformations in the structural analysis. It is necessary to consider not only the node position but also the size and orientation of the element for force distribution. In this paper, the load distribution at each node is obtained from the product of the directional effective area of the element and the stress field of the beam. The proposed method is validated by adjusting the hull girder loads to the target value for a beam structure with idealised hull. The method proposed in this study will be applied to actual ships in Part 2 (Jang and Kim, 2025a), and its applicability and extendibility are to be verified. This is considered to be beneficial for ship and offshore structural designers including oil/gas and ocean mobilities.
在本研究（第1部分）中，提出了一种船舶及类船结构在有无局部荷载的情况下，通过调整荷载达到船体梁目标荷载的方法。每个力或压力荷载被称为局部荷载，力和力矩的总和被称为船体梁荷载或整体荷载。船体梁荷载由轴向力（AF）、垂直剪力（VSF）、水平剪力（HSF）、扭转力矩（TM）、垂直弯矩（VBM）和水平弯矩（HBM）组成，各弯矩之间通过x、y、z方向的力相互关联。在不同模型范围和边界条件下的船体结构分析中，需要对船体梁荷载进行调整。在全船模型中，需要实现更精确的船体梁载荷，在货舱、前后船体模型中，需要将计算的船体梁载荷从局部载荷调整到目标值。在船体梁荷载的调整中，不仅要将其更准确地调整到目标值，而且附加荷载的分布也很重要。一般情况下，通过在船体横截面节点上增加x、y、z方向的力，将船体梁荷载调整到目标值。如果只考虑节点的位置来施加力，则载荷可能会集中或施加在与单元位置不同的方向上，从而导致结构分析中出现意想不到的应力或变形。力的分布不仅要考虑节点的位置，还要考虑单元的大小和方向。本文通过单元的定向有效面积与梁的应力场的乘积得到各节点处的荷载分布。通过将理想船体梁结构的船体梁荷载调整到目标值，验证了该方法的有效性。本研究提出的方法将在第2部分（Jang and Kim, 2025a）中应用于实际船舶，并验证其适用性和可扩展性。这被认为是有利于船舶和海上结构设计师，包括石油/天然气和海洋移动。
{"title":"An advanced technique to adjust hull girder load: Part 1 = generalisation","authors":"Chang Hwan Jang , Do Kyun Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100645","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100645","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study (Part 1), a method is proposed to adjust the loads to achieve the target hull girder load with or without local loads on ships and ship-like structures. Each force or pressure load is referred to as a local load and the sum of forces and moments integrated with respect to the station is referred to as the hull girder load or global load. The hull girder load is composed of axial force (AF), vertical shear force (VSF), horizontal shear force (HSF), torsional moment (TM), vertical bending moment (VBM) and horizontal bending moment (HBM), each of which is related to each other by forces in the x, y and z directions. The adjustment of hull girder loads is required in hull structural analyses with various model extents and boundary conditions. In the whole ship model, it is necessary to implement more accurate hull girder loads and in the cargo hold, fore and aft body model, it is necessary to adjust the hull girder loads calculated from local loads to the target value. In the adjustment of the hull girder load, it is not only important to adjust it more accurately to the target value, but also the distribution of the added load is very important. In general, the hull girder load is adjusted to the target value by adding forces in the x, y and z directions to nodes in the cross section of the hull. If the forces are placed by considering only the position of the nodes, the loads may be concentrated or applied in a different direction from the placement of the elements, resulting in unexpected stresses or deformations in the structural analysis. It is necessary to consider not only the node position but also the size and orientation of the element for force distribution. In this paper, the load distribution at each node is obtained from the product of the directional effective area of the element and the stress field of the beam. The proposed method is validated by adjusting the hull girder loads to the target value for a beam structure with idealised hull. The method proposed in this study will be applied to actual ships in Part 2 (Jang and Kim, 2025a), and its applicability and extendibility are to be verified. This is considered to be beneficial for ship and offshore structural designers including oil/gas and ocean mobilities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14160,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100645"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143349961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2025-02-13DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100650
Lu Tan , Han Xiao , Xiao-Jun Lv , Zhi-Yong Xie
To reveal the acoustic radiation mechanism of rectangular cross-section shells, a noise source identification method for irregular shells is proposed. This method decouples the fluid-structure interaction vibration by using the method of structural-finite-element coupled with fluid-boundary-element, and obtains the vibration and pressure of the shell. Subsequently, using these results as input, the noise source identification of the shell is accomplished by solving the acoustic radiation mode decomposition problem of non-uniform discrete models. Specifically, by designing a decoupling approach for the fluid-structure interaction vibration, the subsequent acoustic radiation mode decompositions can utilize the same acoustic radiation impedance matrix, thereby enhancing the computational efficiency. Utilizing this method, the main acoustic radiation forms rectangular cross-section shell and their related laws were analyzed, and the general acoustic radiation mechanism of the shell was revealed. This provides essential theoretical and technical support for the precise noise reduction of the rectangular cross-section shell.
{"title":"Research on sound radiation mechanism of rectangular cross-section shell based on noise source identification method","authors":"Lu Tan , Han Xiao , Xiao-Jun Lv , Zhi-Yong Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100650","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100650","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To reveal the acoustic radiation mechanism of rectangular cross-section shells, a noise source identification method for irregular shells is proposed. This method decouples the fluid-structure interaction vibration by using the method of structural-finite-element coupled with fluid-boundary-element, and obtains the vibration and pressure of the shell. Subsequently, using these results as input, the noise source identification of the shell is accomplished by solving the acoustic radiation mode decomposition problem of non-uniform discrete models. Specifically, by designing a decoupling approach for the fluid-structure interaction vibration, the subsequent acoustic radiation mode decompositions can utilize the same acoustic radiation impedance matrix, thereby enhancing the computational efficiency. Utilizing this method, the main acoustic radiation forms rectangular cross-section shell and their related laws were analyzed, and the general acoustic radiation mechanism of the shell was revealed. This provides essential theoretical and technical support for the precise noise reduction of the rectangular cross-section shell.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14160,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100650"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143562610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2024-12-18DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2024.100640
Hyun-Duk Seo , Jae Min Lee
This paper presents a new analysis method for predicting welding distortions induced by welding heat during the assembly process in various engineering fields. In the proposed method, the tendon force contributing to longitudinal bending deformation is calculated based on the measured inherent deformations in the welding specimen. Additionally, welding distortions along the transverse and longitudinal directions are simultaneously estimated without undesired numerical errors by adopting orthotropic thermal coefficients. Through the proposed method, reliable numerical solutions can be obtained using only linear elastic analysis with the finite element procedure. Consequently, the proposed method can be easily applied to multi-pass welding problems without requiring additional treatments, as it relies on the inherent deformations for the analysis. The performance of the proposed method is verified through numerical and experimental investigations for fillet-welded structures.
{"title":"A new welding distortion analysis method considering inherent deformation-based tendon force estimation","authors":"Hyun-Duk Seo , Jae Min Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2024.100640","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2024.100640","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a new analysis method for predicting welding distortions induced by welding heat during the assembly process in various engineering fields. In the proposed method, the tendon force contributing to longitudinal bending deformation is calculated based on the measured inherent deformations in the welding specimen. Additionally, welding distortions along the transverse and longitudinal directions are simultaneously estimated without undesired numerical errors by adopting orthotropic thermal coefficients. Through the proposed method, reliable numerical solutions can be obtained using only linear elastic analysis with the finite element procedure. Consequently, the proposed method can be easily applied to multi-pass welding problems without requiring additional treatments, as it relies on the inherent deformations for the analysis. The performance of the proposed method is verified through numerical and experimental investigations for fillet-welded structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14160,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100640"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143164721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2025-03-25DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100657
Ji-Sun Roh, Myung-Hyun Kim
{"title":"Mitigation of the residual stress and deformation in seam pipe with girth welding and cutting","authors":"Ji-Sun Roh, Myung-Hyun Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100657","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100657","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14160,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100657"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143738101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2025-03-08DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100654
Qingya Zhang , Jing Xu , Baigong Wu , Qiuping Wang , Xingyu Wang , Zhenrui Zhang , Hong Zhou
Welding residual stress (WRS) seriously affects the fracture performance of welded structures made of high-strength steel (HSS). Nevertheless, the influence mechanism of WRS on fracture performance remains unclear. In this study, a thick weld of Q690 HSS is fabricated, and experiments are conducted to test the tensile performance of the base metal (BM), welded metal (WM), and the welded joint. The Gurson-Tvergaard-Needleman (GTN) parameters for the thick weld are identified through experimental data and numerical simulation. Using transverse residual stress (TRS) and welding defects as initial inputs, the ductile fracture behavior of the thick weld is predicted through the identified GTN damage model. When TRS and welding defects are taken into account, the crack distribution shifts from the BM to the main WM and the back HAZ. The higher tensile stress in the WM, combined with welding defects, significantly reduce the fracture strength by accelerating the void growth and coalescence process.
{"title":"Influence of transverse residual stress and welding defect on fracture performance of thick weld based on GTN damage model","authors":"Qingya Zhang , Jing Xu , Baigong Wu , Qiuping Wang , Xingyu Wang , Zhenrui Zhang , Hong Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100654","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100654","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Welding residual stress (WRS) seriously affects the fracture performance of welded structures made of high-strength steel (HSS). Nevertheless, the influence mechanism of WRS on fracture performance remains unclear. In this study, a thick weld of Q690 HSS is fabricated, and experiments are conducted to test the tensile performance of the base metal (BM), welded metal (WM), and the welded joint. The Gurson-Tvergaard-Needleman (GTN) parameters for the thick weld are identified through experimental data and numerical simulation. Using transverse residual stress (TRS) and welding defects as initial inputs, the ductile fracture behavior of the thick weld is predicted through the identified GTN damage model. When TRS and welding defects are taken into account, the crack distribution shifts from the BM to the main WM and the back HAZ. The higher tensile stress in the WM, combined with welding defects, significantly reduce the fracture strength by accelerating the void growth and coalescence process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14160,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100654"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143621101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Planning safe and efficient routes for small ships inside the marina is essential. However, existing route planning methods have been primarily developed for commercial ships and, therefore, fail to adequately capture the unique navigational characteristics of small ships. To address this limitation, this study proposed a route planning method for small ships navigating inside the marina. The proposed method generated centerline charts based on a Voronoi diagram. Here, the Voronoi diagram was generated from the integrated nautical charts, which comprehensively account for various features inside the marina. Then, the A∗ algorithm was applied by incorporating water depth to plan the optimal route. Furthermore, postprocessing of the planned route was introduced to account for the dredged area and the port-to-port passing rules at marina entrances, including route smoothing. Finally, the proposed method was applied to a marina near the Miami region to evaluate its effectiveness. The results demonstrate that, unlike existing methods, the proposed method successfully considers water depth, dredged area, and port-to-port passing rules at marina entrances while also maintaining a safety distance from the shoreline, all within a short computation time. Accordingly, the proposed method is expected to enhance the safety and efficiency of small ships navigating inside the marina.
{"title":"A route planning method for small ships inside the marina","authors":"In-Chang Yeo , Myung-Il Roh , Dong-Guen Jeong , Jun-Sik Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100684","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100684","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Planning safe and efficient routes for small ships inside the marina is essential. However, existing route planning methods have been primarily developed for commercial ships and, therefore, fail to adequately capture the unique navigational characteristics of small ships. To address this limitation, this study proposed a route planning method for small ships navigating inside the marina. The proposed method generated centerline charts based on a Voronoi diagram. Here, the Voronoi diagram was generated from the integrated nautical charts, which comprehensively account for various features inside the marina. Then, the A∗ algorithm was applied by incorporating water depth to plan the optimal route. Furthermore, postprocessing of the planned route was introduced to account for the dredged area and the port-to-port passing rules at marina entrances, including route smoothing. Finally, the proposed method was applied to a marina near the Miami region to evaluate its effectiveness. The results demonstrate that, unlike existing methods, the proposed method successfully considers water depth, dredged area, and port-to-port passing rules at marina entrances while also maintaining a safety distance from the shoreline, all within a short computation time. Accordingly, the proposed method is expected to enhance the safety and efficiency of small ships navigating inside the marina.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14160,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100684"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144917860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2025-04-17DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100659
Jeongung Park , Gyubaek An
With increasing strength and thickness of steel plates, the susceptibility to brittle fracture also grows, primarily due to the reduction in toughness of both the base metal and the weld zone. To maintain structural integrity and mitigate fracture risks in thick, high-strength steels—especially in applications such as ship hulls—advanced design strategies and materials with enhanced brittle crack arrestability have been introduced. The arrest performance is typically assessed by determining the brittle crack arrestability value (Kca) through large-scale experimental methods. However, due to the high cost, time, and equipment demands of such tests, alternative approaches using small-scale specimens and numerical simulations have been actively investigated to estimate Kca more efficiently. This study establishes an analytical model by conducting a parametric investigation of the key factors influencing Kca determination. The analysis incorporates yield stress variations influenced by temperature gradients, strain rates, and thermal effects, considering Young's modulus and strain rate dependency. Additionally, the study examines the influence of crack-growth increments and the impact energy effect on brittle crack initiation (KIC). The reliability of the proposed model is validated by comparing its Kca predictions with experimental results obtained from the ESSO test.
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