To overcome the challenge of accurately measuring transient high temperatures at the tool-chip interface, this study uses a self-developed N-type ZrB₂-based thermoelectric temperature-measuring tool. It aims to investigate the effects of ZrO₂ content and the integrity of the electrode interface on temperature measurement performance and mechanical properties. Samples with designated ZrO₂ contents (C202505, C202510, C202515) were prepared via vacuum hot-pressing and subsequently characterized through thermoelectric testing, interfacial mechanical analysis, microscopy, and wear experiments. The results show that the thermoelectric potential-temperature relationship for the C202515 sample exhibits significant anomalies. Experimental analysis confirms that the bonding performance at the joint interface is a critical factor governing temperature measurement stability. A mismatch in the CTE between the Positive and Negative electrode materials induces microdefects at the interface, which reduces the interfacial bonding strength. This degradation, in turn, increases the interfacial contact resistance and ultimately destabilizes the temperature measurement signal. This study is the first to establish correlations between temperature measurement performance, interfacial mechanics, and wear resistance. It identifies an optimal thermal expansion difference (ΔCTE ≤0.5 × 10−6/°C) and thereby provides crucial guidance for developing stable and reliable thermoelectric ceramic tools.
{"title":"Interface performance of ZrB₂-based temperature-measuring ceramic cutting tool material: From Interface bonding strength, friction and wear to temperature measurement capability","authors":"Jinrui Li, Chuanzhen Huang, Zhenyu Shi, Zhen Wang, Longhua Xu, Shuiquan Huang, Meina Qu, Zhengkai Xu, Dijia Zhang, Baosu Guo, Tianye Jin, Xiaodan Wang, Hanlian Liu, Dun Liu, Peng Yao","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2026.107724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2026.107724","url":null,"abstract":"To overcome the challenge of accurately measuring transient high temperatures at the tool-chip interface, this study uses a self-developed N-type ZrB₂-based thermoelectric temperature-measuring tool. It aims to investigate the effects of ZrO₂ content and the integrity of the electrode interface on temperature measurement performance and mechanical properties. Samples with designated ZrO₂ contents (C202505, C202510, C202515) were prepared via vacuum hot-pressing and subsequently characterized through thermoelectric testing, interfacial mechanical analysis, microscopy, and wear experiments. The results show that the thermoelectric potential-temperature relationship for the C202515 sample exhibits significant anomalies. Experimental analysis confirms that the bonding performance at the joint interface is a critical factor governing temperature measurement stability. A mismatch in the CTE between the Positive and Negative electrode materials induces microdefects at the interface, which reduces the interfacial bonding strength. This degradation, in turn, increases the interfacial contact resistance and ultimately destabilizes the temperature measurement signal. This study is the first to establish correlations between temperature measurement performance, interfacial mechanics, and wear resistance. It identifies an optimal thermal expansion difference (ΔCTE ≤0.5 × 10<ce:sup loc=\"post\">−6</ce:sup>/°C) and thereby provides crucial guidance for developing stable and reliable thermoelectric ceramic tools.","PeriodicalId":14216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146146744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-09DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2026.107728
Shuang Lin, Shun-Li Shang, Allison M. Beese, Zi-Kui Liu
In the present work, the density functional theory (DFT) in the generalized-gradient approximation developed by Perdew, Burke, and Ernzerhof (PBE) + U method, i.e., PBE + U, was employed to predict temperature-dependent thermodynamic properties of the rutile-type oxides CrNbO4 and CrTaO4 as well as the binary oxides Cr2O3, Nb2O5, and Ta2O5 via the quasiharmonic phonon approach (QHA). Calculated thermodynamic properties of the binary oxides were benchmarked with experimental data, showing high accuracy except for the negative thermal expansion (NTE) of Nb2O5, attributed to its polymorphic complexity. By combining the formation energy predicted by DFT with the existing SGTE Substances Database (SSUB5), the CrNbO4 and CrTaO4 are found to be thermodynamic stable up to 1706 K and 1926 K and decompose into Cr2O3 and Nb2O5 or Ta2O5 at those temperatures, respectively. The temperature dependence of linear thermal expansion coefficients for CrNbO4 and CrTaO4 are predicted, and their mean values from 500 K to 2000 K are found to be 6.0 × 10−6/K and 5.04 × 10−6/K, respectively, in agreement with experimental observations in the literature. The gas-phase species and their vapor pressure are calculated, indicating that the formation of CrTaO4 and CrNbO4 reduces chromium volatilization, which is critically important to design enhanced Refractory high entropy alloys (RHEAs) with enhanced oxidation resistance.
本文利用Perdew， Burke, and Ernzerhof （PBE） + U方法中的密度泛函理论（DFT），即PBE + U，通过准谐波声子方法（QHA）预测了金红石型氧化物CrNbO4和CrTaO4以及二元氧化物Cr2O3， Nb2O5和Ta2O5的温度依赖热力学性质。计算得到的二元氧化物的热力学性质与实验数据进行了基准比对，除Nb2O5的负热膨胀（NTE）外，其精度较高，这是由于其多晶性的复杂性。将DFT预测的形成能与现有的SGTE物质数据库（SSUB5）相结合，发现CrNbO4和CrTaO4在1706 K和1926 K温度下是热力学稳定的，并分别分解为Cr2O3和Nb2O5或Ta2O5。对CrNbO4和CrTaO4的线性热膨胀系数的温度依赖性进行了预测，在500 K ~ 2000 K范围内，其平均值分别为6.0 × 10−6/K和5.04 × 10−6/K，与文献中的实验观测结果一致。结果表明，CrTaO4和CrNbO4的形成减少了铬的挥发，这对设计具有增强抗氧化性的增强型耐火高熵合金（RHEAs）至关重要。
{"title":"Temperature-dependent thermodynamic properties of CrNbO4 and CrTaO4 by first-principles calculations","authors":"Shuang Lin, Shun-Li Shang, Allison M. Beese, Zi-Kui Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2026.107728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2026.107728","url":null,"abstract":"In the present work, the density functional theory (DFT) in the generalized-gradient approximation developed by Perdew, Burke, and Ernzerhof (PBE) + U method, i.e., PBE + U, was employed to predict temperature-dependent thermodynamic properties of the rutile-type oxides CrNbO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">4</ce:inf> and CrTaO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">4</ce:inf> as well as the binary oxides Cr<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>O<ce:inf loc=\"post\">3</ce:inf>, Nb<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>O<ce:inf loc=\"post\">5</ce:inf>, and Ta<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>O<ce:inf loc=\"post\">5</ce:inf> via the quasiharmonic phonon approach (QHA). Calculated thermodynamic properties of the binary oxides were benchmarked with experimental data, showing high accuracy except for the negative thermal expansion (NTE) of Nb<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>O<ce:inf loc=\"post\">5</ce:inf>, attributed to its polymorphic complexity. By combining the formation energy predicted by DFT with the existing SGTE Substances Database (SSUB5), the CrNbO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">4</ce:inf> and CrTaO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">4</ce:inf> are found to be thermodynamic stable up to 1706 K and 1926 K and decompose into Cr<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>O<ce:inf loc=\"post\">3</ce:inf> and Nb<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>O<ce:inf loc=\"post\">5</ce:inf> or Ta<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>O<ce:inf loc=\"post\">5</ce:inf> at those temperatures, respectively. The temperature dependence of linear thermal expansion coefficients for CrNbO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">4</ce:inf> and CrTaO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">4</ce:inf> are predicted, and their mean values from 500 K to 2000 K are found to be 6.0 × 10<ce:sup loc=\"post\">−6</ce:sup>/K and 5.04 × 10<ce:sup loc=\"post\">−6</ce:sup>/K, respectively, in agreement with experimental observations in the literature. The gas-phase species and their vapor pressure are calculated, indicating that the formation of CrTaO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">4</ce:inf> and CrNbO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">4</ce:inf> reduces chromium volatilization, which is critically important to design enhanced Refractory high entropy alloys (RHEAs) with enhanced oxidation resistance.","PeriodicalId":14216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146146732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-09DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2026.107697
Mahdi Jafari Mohammadabadi, Saman Nemat, Gholam Reza Khayati, Ali Reza Hashemi, Hadi Memarzadeh
To investigate the regulatory role of powder pre-alloying in tailoring the microstructure and mechanical properties of sintered tungsten‑rhenium (W-Re) alloys, this study prepared nanoscale W-4Re pre-alloyed powder (designated as W-4Re(S)), pure tungsten powder (PW), and pure rhenium powder (PRe) via a combination of solution combustion synthesis (SCS) and hydrogen reduction (HR). Concurrently, W-4Re mixed powder (designated as W-4Re(M)) was fabricated through mechanical mixing. Both powder types were sintered at varying temperatures (1200–2200 °C) in a flowing hydrogen atmosphere. The effects of pre-alloying on the phase composition, micromorphology, relative density, and room-temperature mechanical properties (including compressive behavior and Young's elastic modulus) of the resulting alloys were systematically characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the Archimedes drainage method, and mechanical property tests. Taking W-4Re (S) and W-4Re (M)) as the research objects, the apparent grain boundary diffusion coefficient (DGB) and activation energy (Ea) during their sintering process were calculated and analyzed based on isothermal sintering experimental data, and their diffusion behaviors as well as densification characteristics were compared.
{"title":"Effect of powder pre-alloying on the microstructure and mechanical properties of sintered W-4Re alloy","authors":"Mahdi Jafari Mohammadabadi, Saman Nemat, Gholam Reza Khayati, Ali Reza Hashemi, Hadi Memarzadeh","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2026.107697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2026.107697","url":null,"abstract":"To investigate the regulatory role of powder pre-alloying in tailoring the microstructure and mechanical properties of sintered tungsten‑rhenium (W-Re) alloys, this study prepared nanoscale W-4Re pre-alloyed powder (designated as W-4Re(S)), pure tungsten powder (PW), and pure rhenium powder (PRe) via a combination of solution combustion synthesis (SCS) and hydrogen reduction (HR). Concurrently, W-4Re mixed powder (designated as W-4Re(M)) was fabricated through mechanical mixing. Both powder types were sintered at varying temperatures (1200–2200 °C) in a flowing hydrogen atmosphere. The effects of pre-alloying on the phase composition, micromorphology, relative density, and room-temperature mechanical properties (including compressive behavior and Young's elastic modulus) of the resulting alloys were systematically characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the Archimedes drainage method, and mechanical property tests. Taking W-4Re (S) and W-4Re (M)) as the research objects, the apparent grain boundary diffusion coefficient (DGB) and activation energy (Ea) during their sintering process were calculated and analyzed based on isothermal sintering experimental data, and their diffusion behaviors as well as densification characteristics were compared.","PeriodicalId":14216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146146749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Deep learning-driven automated microstructural quantification in tungsten heavy alloys using U-net segmentation and image processing","authors":"Rajneesh Patel, Porika Abidsingh Rajput, G. Prabhu, Pawan Sharma, G.M. Karthik","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2026.107719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2026.107719","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146134260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-06DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2026.107723
Linjie Wen, Hongyi Li, Hu Zhang, Yuchang Ran, Jinshu Wang
{"title":"Improvement of mechanical properties of electron beam welded Mo14Re alloy with in-situ carbon by magnetron sputtering","authors":"Linjie Wen, Hongyi Li, Hu Zhang, Yuchang Ran, Jinshu Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2026.107723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2026.107723","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146134281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Synergistic modification of WC-10Co cemented carbide with Y2O3-VC and its friction and wear behavior under multiple environments","authors":"Zhenyun Lu, Yongqiang Qin, Xiaoyong Zhu, Laima Luo, Yucheng Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2026.107716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2026.107716","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials","volume":"400 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146110061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-03DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2026.107718
Xiang Zhan, Tianchen Li, Yaoxing Ji, Huan Zhang, Huimin Tang, Yusi Che, Jilin He
{"title":"The H₂O-temperature synergy in phase and morphology control during WO₃ hydrogen reduction","authors":"Xiang Zhan, Tianchen Li, Yaoxing Ji, Huan Zhang, Huimin Tang, Yusi Che, Jilin He","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2026.107718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2026.107718","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146110062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Preparation of porous tungsten materials via binder jet 3D printing: Material and process improvement","authors":"Junyu Tang, Laima Luo, Xiaoyong Zhu, Xiaojie Wang, Jiaqin Liu, Yucheng Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2026.107712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2026.107712","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146095605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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