首页 > 最新文献

International Journal of Metalcasting最新文献

英文 中文
Effect of Austenitization Time on Corrosion and Wear Resistance in Austempered Ductile Iron 奥氏体化时间对奥氏体回火球墨铸铁耐腐蚀性和耐磨性的影响
IF 2.6 3区 材料科学 Q2 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1007/s40962-024-01438-x
F. Montes González, A. Magaña Hernández, A. Miranda Pérez, E. Almanza Casas, S. Luna Alvarez, F. García Vazquez

The temperature and time of austenitization are of great practical importance during the austempering heat treatment of ductile iron, as these factors influence the transformations in the solid state, modifying the matrix microstructure and the resulting mechanical properties of the material obtained after subsequent austempering. The objective of this research is to investigate the influence of austenitization time on the microstructural characteristics, wear, and corrosion rate of ductile iron subjected to an austenitization heat treatment at 1050 °C for 120, 180, and 240 min, followed by austempering at 350 °C for 60 min. To assess the corrosion and wear resistance of the samples, potentiodynamic tests in a 3.5% NaCl solution and pin-on-disk tribological tests were, respectively, conducted. The results demonstrated that increasing the austenitization time results in ausferritic microstructures with a higher content of carbon-rich austenite accompanied by a higher content of carbon, and lower microstructural heterogeneities due to the last to freeze zones in ductile iron. The material's corrosion and wear resistance improved as the austenitization time was increased.

在球墨铸铁的奥氏体化热处理过程中,奥氏体化的温度和时间具有非常重要的实际意义,因为这些因素会影响固态的转变,改变基体的微观结构以及随后奥氏体化后材料的机械性能。本研究的目的是调查奥氏体化时间对球墨铸铁微观结构特征、磨损和腐蚀速率的影响,球墨铸铁在 1050 ℃ 下进行奥氏体化热处理 120、180 和 240 分钟,然后在 350 ℃ 下进行奥氏体回火 60 分钟。为了评估样品的耐腐蚀性和耐磨性,分别在 3.5% 的氯化钠溶液中进行了电位测试,并进行了针盘摩擦学测试。结果表明,增加奥氏体化时间会产生富碳奥氏体含量更高的奥氏体微观结构,同时碳含量也更高,而且由于球墨铸铁中最后冻结区的存在,微观结构异质性较低。随着奥氏体化时间的延长,材料的耐腐蚀性和耐磨性也得到了改善。
{"title":"Effect of Austenitization Time on Corrosion and Wear Resistance in Austempered Ductile Iron","authors":"F. Montes González, A. Magaña Hernández, A. Miranda Pérez, E. Almanza Casas, S. Luna Alvarez, F. García Vazquez","doi":"10.1007/s40962-024-01438-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40962-024-01438-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The temperature and time of austenitization are of great practical importance during the austempering heat treatment of ductile iron, as these factors influence the transformations in the solid state, modifying the matrix microstructure and the resulting mechanical properties of the material obtained after subsequent austempering. The objective of this research is to investigate the influence of austenitization time on the microstructural characteristics, wear, and corrosion rate of ductile iron subjected to an austenitization heat treatment at 1050 °C for 120, 180, and 240 min, followed by austempering at 350 °C for 60 min. To assess the corrosion and wear resistance of the samples, potentiodynamic tests in a 3.5% NaCl solution and pin-on-disk tribological tests were, respectively, conducted. The results demonstrated that increasing the austenitization time results in ausferritic microstructures with a higher content of carbon-rich austenite accompanied by a higher content of carbon, and lower microstructural heterogeneities due to the last to freeze zones in ductile iron. The material's corrosion and wear resistance improved as the austenitization time was increased.</p>","PeriodicalId":14231,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Metalcasting","volume":"82 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142255216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
From the Editor 编辑的话
IF 2.6 3区 材料科学 Q2 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING Pub Date : 2024-09-14 DOI: 10.1007/s40962-024-01444-z
Thomas Prucha
{"title":"From the Editor","authors":"Thomas Prucha","doi":"10.1007/s40962-024-01444-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40962-024-01444-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14231,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Metalcasting","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142268907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Numerical Simulation and Experimental Investigation of Microstructure Evolution and Flow Behavior in the Rheological Squeeze Casting Process of A356 Alloy A356 合金流变挤压铸造过程中显微组织演变和流动行为的数值模拟和实验研究
IF 2.6 3区 材料科学 Q2 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1007/s40962-024-01450-1
Wentao Xiong, Yichao Ding, Zhihua Hu, Binghua Jiang, Mengjue Li, Quan Zou

This paper carried out numerical simulations of the entire process of rheological squeeze casting of A356 alloy, evaluated the impact of various combinations of forming process parameters on the temperature field, flow field, and solid-phase fraction of A356 semi-solid slurry, and studied the influence of die temperature (°C) and filling speed (mm/s) on the microstructure formation mechanism of A356 alloy rheological squeeze castings. The research revealed that A356 alloy castings with diverse microstructural features can be achieved by solely controlling the rheological squeeze casting process parameters, without the use of additional heterogeneous nucleating agents or heat treatment. Through combined numerical simulation and experimental results, the optimal rheological squeeze casting process parameters were determined: filling speed of 20 mm/s and mold temperature of 350 °C. It was observed that with the simultaneous increase of mold temperature and filling speed, the average equivalent diameter of the α-Al phase significantly increased from 26.18 μm to 44.27 μm, the uniformity of the eutectic structure distribution was greatly improved, and it was also found that the excessively high filling speed is a critical factor contributing to the coexistence of the script-shaped π-Al8FeMg3Si6 phase and the undecomposed the needle-like β-Al5FeSi phase.

本文对 A356 合金流变挤压铸造全过程进行了数值模拟,评估了各种成形工艺参数组合对 A356 半固态浆料温度场、流场和固相分数的影响,并研究了模具温度(°C)和充填速度(mm/s)对 A356 合金流变挤压铸件显微组织形成机理的影响。研究发现,只需控制流变挤压铸造工艺参数,而无需使用额外的异质成核剂或热处理,即可获得具有多种微观结构特征的 A356 合金铸件。通过结合数值模拟和实验结果,确定了最佳流变挤压铸造工艺参数:充填速度为 20 mm/s,模具温度为 350 ℃。结果表明,随着模具温度和充型速度的同时提高,α-Al 相的平均等效直径从 26.18 μm 显著增加到 44.27 μm,共晶结构分布的均匀性大大改善,同时还发现过高的充型速度是导致脚本状 π-Al8FeMg3Si6 相和未分解的针状 β-Al5FeSi 相共存的关键因素。
{"title":"Numerical Simulation and Experimental Investigation of Microstructure Evolution and Flow Behavior in the Rheological Squeeze Casting Process of A356 Alloy","authors":"Wentao Xiong, Yichao Ding, Zhihua Hu, Binghua Jiang, Mengjue Li, Quan Zou","doi":"10.1007/s40962-024-01450-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40962-024-01450-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper carried out numerical simulations of the entire process of rheological squeeze casting of A356 alloy, evaluated the impact of various combinations of forming process parameters on the temperature field, flow field, and solid-phase fraction of A356 semi-solid slurry, and studied the influence of die temperature (°C) and filling speed (mm/s) on the microstructure formation mechanism of A356 alloy rheological squeeze castings. The research revealed that A356 alloy castings with diverse microstructural features can be achieved by solely controlling the rheological squeeze casting process parameters, without the use of additional heterogeneous nucleating agents or heat treatment. Through combined numerical simulation and experimental results, the optimal rheological squeeze casting process parameters were determined: filling speed of 20 mm/s and mold temperature of 350 °C. It was observed that with the simultaneous increase of mold temperature and filling speed, the average equivalent diameter of the <i>α</i>-Al phase significantly increased from 26.18 μm to 44.27 μm, the uniformity of the eutectic structure distribution was greatly improved, and it was also found that the excessively high filling speed is a critical factor contributing to the coexistence of the script-shaped <i>π</i>-Al<sub>8</sub>FeMg<sub>3</sub>Si6 phase and the undecomposed the needle-like <i>β</i>-Al<sub>5</sub>FeSi phase.</p>","PeriodicalId":14231,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Metalcasting","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142182511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Effect of N Content on the Microstructure and Wear Resistance of Improved High-Carbon Chromium Bearing Steel 氮含量对改进型高碳铬轴承钢显微组织和耐磨性的影响
IF 2.6 3区 材料科学 Q2 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING Pub Date : 2024-08-29 DOI: 10.1007/s40962-024-01443-0
Jincheng Liao, Jiamin Song, Yitao Yang

The impact of varying nitrogen (N) contents (65 ppm, 90 ppm, 115 ppm, 140 ppm) on the microstructure and wear resistance of high-carbon chromium bearing steel enriched with niobium was explored through optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electrolytic extraction, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and room temperature dry sliding friction and wear tests. The findings indicate that an optimal nitrogen addition can effectively refine grains and precipitates. Increasing nitrogen content led to a rise in NbCrN formation, with nitrogen increasingly substituting for carbon in NbC, resulting in the creation of Nb(C,N). The niobium-containing precipitates progressively assumed elongated shapes. At a nitrogen level of 115 ppm, the experimental steel demonstrated superior wear resistance, primarily due to the Mechanical Mixture Layer (MML) mitigating metal-to-metal friction and the hard precipitates of niobium and nitrogen in the matrix obstructing abrasive grain displacement. Consequently, the wear mechanism evolved from abrasive to oxidized adhesive wear.

通过光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、电解萃取、X 射线衍射(XRD)以及室温干滑动摩擦和磨损试验,探讨了不同氮(N)含量(65 ppm、90 ppm、115 ppm、140 ppm)对富含铌的高碳铬轴承钢的微观结构和耐磨性的影响。研究结果表明,最佳的氮添加量可有效细化晶粒和沉淀。氮含量的增加导致 NbCrN 的形成增加,氮越来越多地取代了 NbC 中的碳,从而产生了 Nb(C,N)。含铌沉淀物逐渐呈现出拉长的形状。氮含量为 115 ppm 时,实验钢表现出优异的耐磨性,这主要是由于机械混合层(MML)减轻了金属与金属之间的摩擦,基体中的铌和氮硬析出物阻碍了磨粒的位移。因此,磨损机制从磨料磨损演变为氧化粘着磨损。
{"title":"The Effect of N Content on the Microstructure and Wear Resistance of Improved High-Carbon Chromium Bearing Steel","authors":"Jincheng Liao, Jiamin Song, Yitao Yang","doi":"10.1007/s40962-024-01443-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40962-024-01443-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The impact of varying nitrogen (N) contents (65 ppm, 90 ppm, 115 ppm, 140 ppm) on the microstructure and wear resistance of high-carbon chromium bearing steel enriched with niobium was explored through optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electrolytic extraction, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and room temperature dry sliding friction and wear tests. The findings indicate that an optimal nitrogen addition can effectively refine grains and precipitates. Increasing nitrogen content led to a rise in NbCrN formation, with nitrogen increasingly substituting for carbon in NbC, resulting in the creation of Nb(C,N). The niobium-containing precipitates progressively assumed elongated shapes. At a nitrogen level of 115 ppm, the experimental steel demonstrated superior wear resistance, primarily due to the Mechanical Mixture Layer (MML) mitigating metal-to-metal friction and the hard precipitates of niobium and nitrogen in the matrix obstructing abrasive grain displacement. Consequently, the wear mechanism evolved from abrasive to oxidized adhesive wear.</p>","PeriodicalId":14231,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Metalcasting","volume":"122 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142182339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Enhanced Classification of Refractory Coatings in Foundries: A VPCA-Based Machine Learning Approach 铸造厂耐火涂层的强化分类:基于 VPCA 的机器学习方法
IF 2.6 3区 材料科学 Q2 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING Pub Date : 2024-08-24 DOI: 10.1007/s40962-024-01427-0
Ronit Shetty, Ahmad Al Majali, Lee Wells

This paper introduces a thorough approach for classifying refractory coatings used on chemically bonded sand according to their thickness, which is essential for monitoring mold and core coatings in foundries. The method combines feature extraction through vectorized principal component analysis (VPCA) with classification modeling using a machine learning algorithm. The study examines five different scenarios, which involve the utilization of raw axial, radial, and temperature data, as well as the use of scalar properties. Additionally, the study involves extracting features from the first two approaches and training on the complete dataset. An assessment of performance is carried out, showcasing the strong ability to classify accurately across all levels of coating thickness. In addition, Hotelling's T-squared statistics are used to identify changes in the process, offering valuable information about the structure and distinctiveness of the data classes. This study demonstrates the efficacy of feature extraction methods and machine learning algorithms in accurately categorizing coating thicknesses, providing practical solutions for applications in the foundry industry. This systematic methodology not only improves the comprehensibility and effectiveness of classification models but also offers vital understanding into process monitoring and identification of abnormalities within intricate datasets.

本文介绍了一种根据厚度对用于化学结合砂的耐火涂层进行分类的全面方法,这对监测铸造厂的模具和型芯涂层至关重要。该方法将矢量化主成分分析(VPCA)的特征提取与机器学习算法的分类建模相结合。研究考察了五种不同的情况,包括利用原始轴向、径向和温度数据,以及使用标量属性。此外,研究还包括从前两种方法中提取特征,并在完整的数据集上进行训练。研究对性能进行了评估,结果表明该方法具有很强的能力,能对各级涂层厚度进行准确分类。此外,Hotelling 的 T 平方统计用于识别过程中的变化,为数据类别的结构和独特性提供了有价值的信息。这项研究证明了特征提取方法和机器学习算法在准确划分涂层厚度方面的功效,为铸造行业的应用提供了实用的解决方案。这种系统化的方法不仅提高了分类模型的可理解性和有效性,而且对复杂数据集中的过程监控和异常识别提供了重要的理解。
{"title":"Enhanced Classification of Refractory Coatings in Foundries: A VPCA-Based Machine Learning Approach","authors":"Ronit Shetty, Ahmad Al Majali, Lee Wells","doi":"10.1007/s40962-024-01427-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40962-024-01427-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper introduces a thorough approach for classifying refractory coatings used on chemically bonded sand according to their thickness, which is essential for monitoring mold and core coatings in foundries. The method combines feature extraction through vectorized principal component analysis (VPCA) with classification modeling using a machine learning algorithm. The study examines five different scenarios, which involve the utilization of raw axial, radial, and temperature data, as well as the use of scalar properties. Additionally, the study involves extracting features from the first two approaches and training on the complete dataset. An assessment of performance is carried out, showcasing the strong ability to classify accurately across all levels of coating thickness. In addition, Hotelling's T-squared statistics are used to identify changes in the process, offering valuable information about the structure and distinctiveness of the data classes. This study demonstrates the efficacy of feature extraction methods and machine learning algorithms in accurately categorizing coating thicknesses, providing practical solutions for applications in the foundry industry. This systematic methodology not only improves the comprehensibility and effectiveness of classification models but also offers vital understanding into process monitoring and identification of abnormalities within intricate datasets.</p>","PeriodicalId":14231,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Metalcasting","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142182512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of Spheroidization and Inoculation on the Early Solidification Steps of Hypereutectic Cast Irons 球化和接种对超共晶铸铁早期凝固步骤的影响
IF 2.6 3区 材料科学 Q2 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING Pub Date : 2024-08-23 DOI: 10.1007/s40962-024-01434-1
Patrik Popelar, Jacques Lacaze

Compacted and spheroidal graphite silicon cast irons generally have slightly hypereutectic compositions when referred to the equilibrium phase diagram. Previous studies have shown that the thermal analysis of these melts often exhibits misleading characteristics that could prevent proper process control. It was the aim of the present work to provide new results, taking into account the carbon equivalent as well as spheroidization and inoculation levels. Overall, the features of slightly and highly hypereutectic melts deduced from previous studies were confirmed, while additional information was obtained concerning the effect of spheroidization and inoculation levels.

参照平衡相图,压实和球状石墨硅铸铁通常具有轻微的高共晶成分。以往的研究表明,这些熔体的热分析常常表现出误导性特征,从而妨碍正确的工艺控制。考虑到碳当量以及球化和接种水平,本研究旨在提供新的结果。总体而言,以往研究中推断出的轻微和高度过共晶熔体的特征得到了证实,同时还获得了有关球化和接种水平影响的更多信息。
{"title":"Effect of Spheroidization and Inoculation on the Early Solidification Steps of Hypereutectic Cast Irons","authors":"Patrik Popelar, Jacques Lacaze","doi":"10.1007/s40962-024-01434-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40962-024-01434-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Compacted and spheroidal graphite silicon cast irons generally have slightly hypereutectic compositions when referred to the equilibrium phase diagram. Previous studies have shown that the thermal analysis of these melts often exhibits misleading characteristics that could prevent proper process control. It was the aim of the present work to provide new results, taking into account the carbon equivalent as well as spheroidization and inoculation levels. Overall, the features of slightly and highly hypereutectic melts deduced from previous studies were confirmed, while additional information was obtained concerning the effect of spheroidization and inoculation levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":14231,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Metalcasting","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142182334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Investigation of Microstructural, Mechanical and Corrosion Properties of Biodegradable Mg–Sn–Y Alloys 可生物降解 Mg-Sn-Y 合金的微结构、机械和腐蚀特性研究
IF 2.6 3区 材料科学 Q2 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING Pub Date : 2024-08-23 DOI: 10.1007/s40962-024-01429-y
Selma Özarslan, Hüseyin Şevik, İdris Sorar

In this study, biodegradable magnesium alloys were produced using the high pressure die casting (HPDC) technique. Effects of Y addition on microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion behaviors of as-cast Mg–4Sn–xY (x = 0, 1, 2, 4 wt.%) alloys are investigated. The surface morphology of the alloys was examined using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and the microstructure was examined using energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), respectively. Tensile and hardness tests were carried out to examine the mechanical properties. Microstructural studies have shown that the addition of yttrium causes a reduction in the grain size of the alloy and the formation of Sn3Y5 and MgSnY intermetallic compounds with high melting temperature, as well as Mg2Sn intermetallic. While, the maximum tensile strength value is achieved with the addition of 1% yttrium by weight, the increase in yield strength, elongation percentage and hardness values continue with the addition of more yttrium. Corrosion tests have shown that the addition of yttrium to the Mg–Sn alloy increases the corrosion resistance of the alloys due to microstructural changes. The Mg–4Sn–4Y alloy is found to be a promising biodegradable magnesium alloy especially for orthopedic applications.

本研究采用高压压铸(HPDC)技术生产了可生物降解的镁合金。研究了添加 Y 对铸态 Mg-4Sn-xY(x = 0、1、2、4 wt.%)合金的微观结构、机械性能和腐蚀行为的影响。分别使用场发射扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)和能量色散光谱(EDS)对合金的表面形貌和微观结构进行了检测。此外,还进行了拉伸和硬度测试,以检验其机械性能。微观结构研究表明,钇的加入会导致合金晶粒尺寸减小,并形成具有高熔化温度的 Sn3Y5 和 MgSnY 金属间化合物以及 Mg2Sn 金属间化合物。按重量计,添加 1%的钇就能达到最大拉伸强度值,而随着钇的添加量增加,屈服强度、伸长率和硬度值也会继续增加。腐蚀测试表明,在镁锑合金中添加钇后,由于微观结构发生了变化,合金的耐腐蚀性得到了提高。研究发现,Mg-4Sn-4Y 合金是一种很有前景的可生物降解镁合金,尤其适用于骨科应用。
{"title":"Investigation of Microstructural, Mechanical and Corrosion Properties of Biodegradable Mg–Sn–Y Alloys","authors":"Selma Özarslan, Hüseyin Şevik, İdris Sorar","doi":"10.1007/s40962-024-01429-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40962-024-01429-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this study, biodegradable magnesium alloys were produced using the high pressure die casting (HPDC) technique. Effects of Y addition on microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion behaviors of as-cast Mg–4Sn–xY (<i>x</i> = 0, 1, 2, 4 wt.%) alloys are investigated. The surface morphology of the alloys was examined using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and the microstructure was examined using energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), respectively. Tensile and hardness tests were carried out to examine the mechanical properties. Microstructural studies have shown that the addition of yttrium causes a reduction in the grain size of the alloy and the formation of Sn<sub>3</sub>Y<sub>5</sub> and MgSnY intermetallic compounds with high melting temperature, as well as Mg<sub>2</sub>Sn intermetallic. While, the maximum tensile strength value is achieved with the addition of 1% yttrium by weight, the increase in yield strength, elongation percentage and hardness values continue with the addition of more yttrium. Corrosion tests have shown that the addition of yttrium to the Mg–Sn alloy increases the corrosion resistance of the alloys due to microstructural changes. The Mg–4Sn–4Y alloy is found to be a promising biodegradable magnesium alloy especially for orthopedic applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":14231,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Metalcasting","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142182513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Case Studies Experience in Using 3D Sand Printing to Produce Molds for New and Replacement Cast Components 案例研究 使用三维砂型打印技术为新铸件和替换铸件制作模具的经验
IF 2.6 3区 材料科学 Q2 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1007/s40962-024-01426-1
John T. H. Pearce, Nattinee Valun-araya, Otis Chantrarasukkasem, Sankum Nusen

The use of 3D sand printing (3DSP) to produce both cores and mold assemblies is of growing importance in the castings industry. This additive process can provide near-limitless freedom in design. Heating is not normally required, and since it is a patternless process, mold parts are free from the dimensional play variations that can arise during pattern removal in conventional molding. Patterns or core boxes are not needed such that 3DSP can significantly reduce production lead times. Experience in Thailand has shown that 3DSP technology is especially useful in solving problems in part replacement since broken or worn-out components can be replaced within relatively short time periods. This has proved invaluable in the maintenance of older or imported equipment through the supply of replacement parts which are no longer in production or not readily obtained. When drawings are not available, 3D scanning of the old parts needing replacement can provide the data for 3DSP mold production to cast their replacements. This paper considers how the 3DSP route is proving its effectiveness in Thailand for the commercial production of both new and replacement parts for marine applications such as propellers, pumps and other components.

使用三维砂型打印技术(3DSP)生产型芯和模具组件在铸件行业的重要性与日俱增。这种快速成型工艺可提供近乎无限的设计自由度。通常不需要加热,而且由于它是一种无图案工艺,模具零件不会出现传统造型中去除图案过程中可能出现的尺寸变化。不需要模板或芯盒,因此 3DSP 可以大大缩短生产周期。泰国的经验表明,3DSP 技术在解决零件更换问题方面特别有用,因为破损或磨损的零件可以在相对较短的时间内更换。事实证明,通过提供不再生产或不易获得的替换零件,这对维护旧设备或进口设备非常有价值。在没有图纸的情况下,对需要更换的旧零件进行 3D 扫描可为 3DSP 模具生产提供数据,从而铸造出替换零件。本文探讨了 3DSP 路线如何在泰国证明其在推进器、泵和其他部件等船舶应用的新部件和替换部件的商业生产中的有效性。
{"title":"Case Studies Experience in Using 3D Sand Printing to Produce Molds for New and Replacement Cast Components","authors":"John T. H. Pearce, Nattinee Valun-araya, Otis Chantrarasukkasem, Sankum Nusen","doi":"10.1007/s40962-024-01426-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40962-024-01426-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The use of 3D sand printing (3DSP) to produce both cores and mold assemblies is of growing importance in the castings industry. This additive process can provide near-limitless freedom in design. Heating is not normally required, and since it is a patternless process, mold parts are free from the dimensional play variations that can arise during pattern removal in conventional molding. Patterns or core boxes are not needed such that 3DSP can significantly reduce production lead times. Experience in Thailand has shown that 3DSP technology is especially useful in solving problems in part replacement since broken or worn-out components can be replaced within relatively short time periods. This has proved invaluable in the maintenance of older or imported equipment through the supply of replacement parts which are no longer in production or not readily obtained. When drawings are not available, 3D scanning of the old parts needing replacement can provide the data for 3DSP mold production to cast their replacements. This paper considers how the 3DSP route is proving its effectiveness in Thailand for the commercial production of both new and replacement parts for marine applications such as propellers, pumps and other components.</p>","PeriodicalId":14231,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Metalcasting","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142182514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Investigation of Corrosion and Mechanical Properties of as-Cast Mg-3Sn-2Y-1Zn-0.6Ca Alloy 铸态 Mg-3Sn-2Y-1Zn-0.6Ca 合金的腐蚀和机械性能研究
IF 2.6 3区 材料科学 Q2 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING Pub Date : 2024-08-21 DOI: 10.1007/s40962-024-01425-2
İlker Özkan, Güven Yarkadaş

In this investigation, a pure magnesium ingot, tin, yttrium, zinc, and calcium granules were used to create the alloy Mg-3Sn-2Y-1Zn-0.6Ca. An electric resistance furnace was used to melt the alloy, and a gas combination with 4% sulfur hexafluoride and 96% argon was utilized to provide a protective environment. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to analyze the generated alloy’s phase and explore its microstructure. By using nanoindentation analysis, the nanohardness value (HN) and the decreased elastic modulus (Er) of the alloy were calculated. The alloy underwent tensile testing at body temperature of 36.5 °C. Immersion and potentiodynamic polarization experiments were performed in a salt solution at 36.5 °C to measure the alloy’s corrosion resistance. As a result of corrosion tests, the steady-state corrosion potential (Ecorr) and polarization parameters of the alloy were obtained.

在这项研究中,使用了纯镁锭、锡、钇、锌和钙颗粒来制造合金 Mg-3Sn-2Y-1Zn-0.6Ca。使用电阻炉熔化合金,并使用 4% 的六氟化硫和 96% 的氩气组合提供保护环境。使用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能量色散光谱(EDS)和 X 射线衍射(XRD)分析生成合金的相位并探究其微观结构。通过纳米压痕分析,计算了合金的纳米硬度值(HN)和降低的弹性模量(Er)。合金在 36.5 °C 的体温下进行了拉伸测试。在 36.5 °C 的盐溶液中进行了浸泡和电位极化实验,以测量合金的耐腐蚀性。通过腐蚀试验,获得了合金的稳态腐蚀电位(Ecorr)和极化参数。
{"title":"Investigation of Corrosion and Mechanical Properties of as-Cast Mg-3Sn-2Y-1Zn-0.6Ca Alloy","authors":"İlker Özkan, Güven Yarkadaş","doi":"10.1007/s40962-024-01425-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40962-024-01425-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this investigation, a pure magnesium ingot, tin, yttrium, zinc, and calcium granules were used to create the alloy Mg-3Sn-2Y-1Zn-0.6Ca. An electric resistance furnace was used to melt the alloy, and a gas combination with 4% sulfur hexafluoride and 96% argon was utilized to provide a protective environment. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to analyze the generated alloy’s phase and explore its microstructure. By using nanoindentation analysis, the nanohardness value (HN) and the decreased elastic modulus (Er) of the alloy were calculated. The alloy underwent tensile testing at body temperature of 36.5 °C. Immersion and potentiodynamic polarization experiments were performed in a salt solution at 36.5 °C to measure the alloy’s corrosion resistance. As a result of corrosion tests, the steady-state corrosion potential (Ecorr) and polarization parameters of the alloy were obtained.</p>","PeriodicalId":14231,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Metalcasting","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142182336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Study on the Effect and Mechanism of Mold Temperature and Ceramic Particle Alumina on the Strength and Water Solubility of NaCl–Na2CO3 and NaCl–Na2SO4 Composite Cores 模具温度和陶瓷颗粒氧化铝对 NaCl-Na2CO3 和 NaCl-Na2SO4 复合芯材强度和水溶性的影响及机理研究
IF 2.6 3区 材料科学 Q2 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING Pub Date : 2024-08-20 DOI: 10.1007/s40962-024-01433-2
Xiaorou Ning, Keke Zuo, Yang Li, Wanting Guo, Xiao Peng, Jianguo Su, Lai Song, Weihua Liu, Tongyu Liu, Yuyan Ren

In the process of pouring salt cores, it is crucial to select the appropriate mold temperature, which is essential for the shaping and strength of the salt cores. Additionally, salt cores need to undergo water-soluble cleaning after casting, which has certain requirements for their water solubility. In order to obtain composite water-soluble salt cores with a certain strength suitable for high-pressure die casting processes, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, and sodium carbonate are used as salt core materials, with ceramic alumina particles as reinforcement materials. The influence of alumina on the performance of NaCl–Na2CO3 and NaCl–Na2SO4 composite salt cores was studied. Through molecular dynamics simulation calculations, the change curve of the adhesion work of salt cores at different mold temperatures was analyzed. Combining XRD detection results and comparative analysis of actual salt core flexural strength, it was found that sodium aluminate generated at high temperatures has a strong interface binding ability with other components in the salt core, which is a key factor affecting the strength of the salt core. Through experimental research combined with simulated calculations of water molecule adsorption at different salt core interfaces, it was found that with increasing water temperature, the water adsorption capacity of NaCl–Na2CO3 and NaCl–Na2SO4 salt cores gradually increases, leading to an accelerated water solubility rate. The addition of Al2O3 reduces the water solubility rate of NaCl–Na2CO3 and NaCl–Na2SO4 salt cores, but significantly improves their strength. The addition of Al2O3 enhances the NaCl–Na2CO3 salt core due to the formation of highly water-soluble sodium aluminate, resulting in a certain improvement in water solubility rate.

在浇注盐芯的过程中,选择合适的模具温度至关重要,这对盐芯的成型和强度至关重要。此外,盐芯在浇注后需要进行水溶性清洗,这对盐芯的水溶性有一定的要求。为了获得适合高压压铸工艺的、具有一定强度的复合水溶性盐芯,我们采用氯化钠、硫酸钠和碳酸钠作为盐芯材料,氧化铝陶瓷颗粒作为增强材料。研究了氧化铝对 NaCl-Na2CO3 和 NaCl-Na2SO4 复合盐芯性能的影响。通过分子动力学模拟计算,分析了不同模温下盐芯附着功的变化曲线。结合 XRD 检测结果和实际盐芯抗折强度对比分析,发现高温下生成的铝酸钠与盐芯中其他成分具有很强的界面结合能力,是影响盐芯强度的关键因素。通过实验研究结合不同盐核界面的水分子吸附模拟计算发现,随着水温的升高,NaCl-Na2CO3 和 NaCl-Na2SO4 盐核的水吸附能力逐渐增强,导致水溶解速率加快。加入 Al2O3 会降低 NaCl-Na2CO3 和 NaCl-Na2SO4 盐核的水溶解速率,但会显著提高其强度。加入 Al2O3 后,由于形成了高水溶性的铝酸钠,NaCl-Na2CO3 盐芯的水溶性得到了一定程度的提高。
{"title":"Study on the Effect and Mechanism of Mold Temperature and Ceramic Particle Alumina on the Strength and Water Solubility of NaCl–Na2CO3 and NaCl–Na2SO4 Composite Cores","authors":"Xiaorou Ning, Keke Zuo, Yang Li, Wanting Guo, Xiao Peng, Jianguo Su, Lai Song, Weihua Liu, Tongyu Liu, Yuyan Ren","doi":"10.1007/s40962-024-01433-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40962-024-01433-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the process of pouring salt cores, it is crucial to select the appropriate mold temperature, which is essential for the shaping and strength of the salt cores. Additionally, salt cores need to undergo water-soluble cleaning after casting, which has certain requirements for their water solubility. In order to obtain composite water-soluble salt cores with a certain strength suitable for high-pressure die casting processes, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, and sodium carbonate are used as salt core materials, with ceramic alumina particles as reinforcement materials. The influence of alumina on the performance of NaCl–Na<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> and NaCl–Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> composite salt cores was studied. Through molecular dynamics simulation calculations, the change curve of the adhesion work of salt cores at different mold temperatures was analyzed. Combining XRD detection results and comparative analysis of actual salt core flexural strength, it was found that sodium aluminate generated at high temperatures has a strong interface binding ability with other components in the salt core, which is a key factor affecting the strength of the salt core. Through experimental research combined with simulated calculations of water molecule adsorption at different salt core interfaces, it was found that with increasing water temperature, the water adsorption capacity of NaCl–Na<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> and NaCl–Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> salt cores gradually increases, leading to an accelerated water solubility rate. The addition of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> reduces the water solubility rate of NaCl–Na<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> and NaCl–Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> salt cores, but significantly improves their strength. The addition of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> enhances the NaCl–Na<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> salt core due to the formation of highly water-soluble sodium aluminate, resulting in a certain improvement in water solubility rate.</p>","PeriodicalId":14231,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Metalcasting","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142182397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
International Journal of Metalcasting
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1