Acute appendicitis, most common acute requiring surgery. It is the cause of abdominal pain and appendectomy is the first of the emergency operations all over the World gets. Obstruction is the most common cause of acute appendicitis. The factors causing obstruction are fecalites, foreign body, gallbladder stone, cecum tumor or it may be a primary tumor of the appendix. In this review article, we aimed to create a resource by bringing together the clinical and pathological features of appendicitis cases.
{"title":"Clinicopathological Evaluation of Appendicitis","authors":"Hatice Beşeren","doi":"10.7176/jstr/7-10-08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jstr/7-10-08","url":null,"abstract":"Acute appendicitis, most common acute requiring surgery. It is the cause of abdominal pain and appendectomy is the first of the emergency operations all over the World gets. Obstruction is the most common cause of acute appendicitis. The factors causing obstruction are fecalites, foreign body, gallbladder stone, cecum tumor or it may be a primary tumor of the appendix. In this review article, we aimed to create a resource by bringing together the clinical and pathological features of appendicitis cases.","PeriodicalId":14256,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific and Technological Research","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85039083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effects of Phthalates on Animal Health","authors":"","doi":"10.7176/jstr/7-09-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jstr/7-09-01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14256,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific and Technological Research","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87548635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
1. Giriş Dünyada enerjiye olan ihtiyaç sürekli olarak artarken, enerjinin tasarruflu kullanımı da öne çıkmaktadır. Enerji ihtiyacını karşılamak için kullanılan fosil kaynaklı yakıtların yakın bir gelecekte tükenme olasılığı ve sanayileşmenin belirli bölgelerde yoğunlaşması çevre kirliliğini artırmaktadır. Bu durum, enerji geri kazanımına ve yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarının yaygınlaşmasına yol açmaktadır. Enerjinin tasarruf yöntemlerinden birisi de ısıl sistemlerin enerji ve ekserji analizinin yapılarak performansının değerlendirilmesi ve sistemlerin verimini artırıcı iyileştirmeler yapılmasıdır. Enerji analizi ve ekserji analizi ısıl sistem uygulamalarının performansını belirlemede en etkili yoldur. Enerji analizi, sistemin nicel enerji potansiyeliyle ilgili bilgi verirken, ekserji analizi de sistemlerin nitel performanslarını hesaplamada ve enerji kayıplarının olduğu noktaları belirlemede etkili bir yöntemdir. Ekserji analizi, sistemin kullanılabilir enerji değerini hesaplamada kullanılır. Yani bir sistemde verimin arttırılması için gerekli önlemlerin alınması ekserji analizinin uygulanmasını gerektirir. Boylerin enerji ve ekserji analizini yapmışlardır. Bir termik santralinin performansını hesaplamak için enerji ve ekserji analizi yapmıştır. Bir kazan sisteminde hesaplanan enerji ve ekserji kayıplarını, yaptıkları enerji ve ekserji analizine göre ortaya koymuşlardır. Bir petrol rafinerisinde ekserji kayıplarını hesaplayarak sonuçları, daha etkili iyileştirmeler yapmak için kullanmıştır. Bir enerji Abstract Central heating and cooling plants are used in all living areas. Therefore, efficient use of energy is important. Energy and exergy analysis of the central heating plant located on the university campus was performed and the performance was evaluated. Energy and exergy analysis of the hot steam boiler and other sub-systems connected to the heating plant was performed and the results were calculated. By calculating the irreversibility, it was found that the most important exergy loss was 6067.73 kW in the boiler unit.
{"title":"An Assessment of Energetic and Exergetic Performance Analysis of Central Heating Plant in a University Campus","authors":"M. Imal","doi":"10.7176/jstr/7-09-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jstr/7-09-03","url":null,"abstract":"1. Giriş Dünyada enerjiye olan ihtiyaç sürekli olarak artarken, enerjinin tasarruflu kullanımı da öne çıkmaktadır. Enerji ihtiyacını karşılamak için kullanılan fosil kaynaklı yakıtların yakın bir gelecekte tükenme olasılığı ve sanayileşmenin belirli bölgelerde yoğunlaşması çevre kirliliğini artırmaktadır. Bu durum, enerji geri kazanımına ve yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarının yaygınlaşmasına yol açmaktadır. Enerjinin tasarruf yöntemlerinden birisi de ısıl sistemlerin enerji ve ekserji analizinin yapılarak performansının değerlendirilmesi ve sistemlerin verimini artırıcı iyileştirmeler yapılmasıdır. Enerji analizi ve ekserji analizi ısıl sistem uygulamalarının performansını belirlemede en etkili yoldur. Enerji analizi, sistemin nicel enerji potansiyeliyle ilgili bilgi verirken, ekserji analizi de sistemlerin nitel performanslarını hesaplamada ve enerji kayıplarının olduğu noktaları belirlemede etkili bir yöntemdir. Ekserji analizi, sistemin kullanılabilir enerji değerini hesaplamada kullanılır. Yani bir sistemde verimin arttırılması için gerekli önlemlerin alınması ekserji analizinin uygulanmasını gerektirir. Boylerin enerji ve ekserji analizini yapmışlardır. Bir termik santralinin performansını hesaplamak için enerji ve ekserji analizi yapmıştır. Bir kazan sisteminde hesaplanan enerji ve ekserji kayıplarını, yaptıkları enerji ve ekserji analizine göre ortaya koymuşlardır. Bir petrol rafinerisinde ekserji kayıplarını hesaplayarak sonuçları, daha etkili iyileştirmeler yapmak için kullanmıştır. Bir enerji Abstract Central heating and cooling plants are used in all living areas. Therefore, efficient use of energy is important. Energy and exergy analysis of the central heating plant located on the university campus was performed and the performance was evaluated. Energy and exergy analysis of the hot steam boiler and other sub-systems connected to the heating plant was performed and the results were calculated. By calculating the irreversibility, it was found that the most important exergy loss was 6067.73 kW in the boiler unit.","PeriodicalId":14256,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific and Technological Research","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87870645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The architecture of cities requires coordinated and consistent efforts to arrange the urban landscape in a way that attracts tourists to the city and the place. Cultural components and their characteristics are very important for the development of urban tourism and the drawing of a spatial and mental image. Spatial and socio-cultural structures and factors play an indispensable role in the development of tourism areas and the emergence of different structures to the forefront in the postmodern era and the spaces created accordingly give cities a special character and draw a mental perspective for individuals and cities. In this study, we focused on the city of Paris and identified the framework that forms the criteria for cultural tourism venues in the city using an analytical approach and content analysis method, and then examined the factors and phenomena in the development and increase of cultural tourism in these venues. The findings from these analyses show that cultural tourists seek authentic, diverse and creative experiences, and that these places are the building blocks of the city's cultural sites and include public spaces (historical, natural, contemporary cultural, indigenous, unusual places, urban, recreational, commercial). The experiences of tourists are formed in a symbolic and continuous combination of social interactions, as well as fixed and temporary physical characteristics and the cultural meaning of space. Turistlerin deneyimlerinde sosyal etkileşimlerin yanı sıra sabit ve geçici fiziksel özellikler, mekanın kültürel anlamının sembolik ve sürekli bir kombinasyon halinde oluşmasıdır.
城市的建筑需要协调一致的努力来安排城市景观，以吸引游客到城市和地方。文化成分及其特征对于城市旅游的发展和空间意象和心理意象的绘制具有重要意义。空间和社会文化结构和因素在旅游区的发展中起着不可或缺的作用，在后现代时代，不同结构的出现成为最重要的因素，相应地创造的空间赋予了城市一种特殊的性格，并为个人和城市绘制了一种心理视角。本研究以巴黎市为研究对象，运用分析方法和内容分析法，确定了构成巴黎市文化旅游场所标准的框架，并考察了巴黎市文化旅游场所发展和增加的因素和现象。这些分析的结果表明，文化游客寻求真实、多样化和创造性的体验，这些地方是城市文化遗址的基石，包括公共空间(历史、自然、当代文化、土著、不寻常的地方、城市、娱乐、商业)。旅游者的体验是在社会互动的象征性和连续性的组合中形成的，也是在空间的固定和暂时的物理特征和文化意义中形成的。Turistlerin deneyimlerinde sosyal etwikileaks imlerin yanyi sıra sabit ve geici fiziksel özellikler, mekanın k lt rel anlamının sembolik ve s rekli bir kombinasyon halinde oluşmasıdır。
{"title":"The Impact of Architectural Structures from Past to Present on Developing Tourism (Example of the City of Paris)","authors":"Parisa Doraj","doi":"10.7176/jstr/7-09-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jstr/7-09-02","url":null,"abstract":"The architecture of cities requires coordinated and consistent efforts to arrange the urban landscape in a way that attracts tourists to the city and the place. Cultural components and their characteristics are very important for the development of urban tourism and the drawing of a spatial and mental image. Spatial and socio-cultural structures and factors play an indispensable role in the development of tourism areas and the emergence of different structures to the forefront in the postmodern era and the spaces created accordingly give cities a special character and draw a mental perspective for individuals and cities. In this study, we focused on the city of Paris and identified the framework that forms the criteria for cultural tourism venues in the city using an analytical approach and content analysis method, and then examined the factors and phenomena in the development and increase of cultural tourism in these venues. The findings from these analyses show that cultural tourists seek authentic, diverse and creative experiences, and that these places are the building blocks of the city's cultural sites and include public spaces (historical, natural, contemporary cultural, indigenous, unusual places, urban, recreational, commercial). The experiences of tourists are formed in a symbolic and continuous combination of social interactions, as well as fixed and temporary physical characteristics and the cultural meaning of space. Turistlerin deneyimlerinde sosyal etkileşimlerin yanı sıra sabit ve geçici fiziksel özellikler, mekanın kültürel anlamının sembolik ve sürekli bir kombinasyon halinde oluşmasıdır.","PeriodicalId":14256,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific and Technological Research","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90423211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Blood parameters have been used for various purposes in animal husbandry. Studies have been focused on becoming an important tool in individual animal or herd monitoring. In previous studies, standard values for biochemical and hematological variables were emphasized. However, factors such as sample size, breed, season, and age caused big variation in results. Therefore, in this study, total protein, albumin, urea, BUN, BHBA, NEFA, total cholesterol, ALT, AST, GGT, Ca, P and Mg values were studied in healthy Holstein male calves born in the same season under the same farm conditions. As a result, total protein, albumin, urea, BUN, BHBA, NEFA, total cholesterol, ALT, AST, GGT, Ca, P and Mg values in healthy Holstein male calves 6.94 ± 0.07 (g / dl), 2.98 ± 0.09 (g / dl), 30.00 ± 0.99 (mg / dl), 14.01 ± 0.46 (mg / dl), 0.78 ± 0.09 (mmol / L), 0.39 ± 0.05 (mmol / L), 173.19 ± 7.55 (mg / dl), 28.49 ± 1.50 (U / L), 85.05 ± 2.64 (U / L) , 28.01 ± 3.20 (U / L) 8.73 ± 0.12 (mg / dl), 6.01 ± 0.44 (mg / dl), 2.14 ± 0.04 (mg / dl ) has been determined. The difference between the total protein, albumin, urea, BUN, BHBA, NEFA, total cholesterol, ALT, AST, GGT, Ca, P and Mg values obtained as a result of the study by months was not statistically significant.
{"title":"The Change in Blood Parameters with Age in Holstein Calves","authors":"G. Gokce","doi":"10.7176/jstr/7-09-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jstr/7-09-04","url":null,"abstract":"Blood parameters have been used for various purposes in animal husbandry. Studies have been focused on becoming an important tool in individual animal or herd monitoring. In previous studies, standard values for biochemical and hematological variables were emphasized. However, factors such as sample size, breed, season, and age caused big variation in results. Therefore, in this study, total protein, albumin, urea, BUN, BHBA, NEFA, total cholesterol, ALT, AST, GGT, Ca, P and Mg values were studied in healthy Holstein male calves born in the same season under the same farm conditions. As a result, total protein, albumin, urea, BUN, BHBA, NEFA, total cholesterol, ALT, AST, GGT, Ca, P and Mg values in healthy Holstein male calves 6.94 ± 0.07 (g / dl), 2.98 ± 0.09 (g / dl), 30.00 ± 0.99 (mg / dl), 14.01 ± 0.46 (mg / dl), 0.78 ± 0.09 (mmol / L), 0.39 ± 0.05 (mmol / L), 173.19 ± 7.55 (mg / dl), 28.49 ± 1.50 (U / L), 85.05 ± 2.64 (U / L) , 28.01 ± 3.20 (U / L) 8.73 ± 0.12 (mg / dl), 6.01 ± 0.44 (mg / dl), 2.14 ± 0.04 (mg / dl ) has been determined. The difference between the total protein, albumin, urea, BUN, BHBA, NEFA, total cholesterol, ALT, AST, GGT, Ca, P and Mg values obtained as a result of the study by months was not statistically significant.","PeriodicalId":14256,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific and Technological Research","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73642642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: Recent studies have shown that carbamazepine has positive effects on nervous system. However, its effect on glutamate-induced cytotoxicity in glial cells is still unclear. Our study was designed to investigate the effect of carbamazepine against glutamate-induced cytotoxicity in C6 glial cells and involved mechanisms. Material and Methods: In this study, the C6 glioma cell line was used. Four cell groups were prepared to evaluate the effect of carbamazepine on glial cell death after glutamate-induced cytotoxicity. The control group was without any treatment. Cells in the glutamate group were treated with 10 mM glutamate for 24 hours. Cells in the carbamazepine group were treated with various concentrations (3.75, 7.5, 15, and 30 μM) of carbamazepine for 24 hours. Cells in the carbamazepine + glutamate group were pre-treated with various concentrations (3.75, 7.5, 15, and 30 μM) of carbamazepine for 1 hour and then exposed to 10 mM glutamte for 24 hours. The cell viability was evaluated by XTT assay. Total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the cells were measured by commercial kits. Results: Carbamazepine at the concentration of 30 μM significantly increased the cell viability in C6 cells after glutamate-induce cytotoxicity (p < 0.05). CBZ (30 μM) + glutamate significantly increased TOS levels in C6 cells compared to control untreated control cells (p < 0.05), while it did not change TAS level (p > 0.05). Moreover, carbamazepine did not change TNF-α level (p > 0.05) and increased MDA (p< 0.05) level in C6 cells after glutamate-induced cytotoxicity. Conclusion: Carbamazepine decreases glial cell death after glutamate-induced cytotoxicity in C6 cells. While carbamazepine produced protective effective in the acute process, long-term usage may increase oxidative damage and cause cell death. Special Issue of Health Sciences DOI: 10.7176/JSTR/7-08-09
{"title":"The Effect of Carbamazepine Against Glutamate-induced Cytotoxicity in the C6 Cell Line","authors":"A. Filiz","doi":"10.7176/jstr/7-08-09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jstr/7-08-09","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Recent studies have shown that carbamazepine has positive effects on nervous system. However, its effect on glutamate-induced cytotoxicity in glial cells is still unclear. Our study was designed to investigate the effect of carbamazepine against glutamate-induced cytotoxicity in C6 glial cells and involved mechanisms. Material and Methods: In this study, the C6 glioma cell line was used. Four cell groups were prepared to evaluate the effect of carbamazepine on glial cell death after glutamate-induced cytotoxicity. The control group was without any treatment. Cells in the glutamate group were treated with 10 mM glutamate for 24 hours. Cells in the carbamazepine group were treated with various concentrations (3.75, 7.5, 15, and 30 μM) of carbamazepine for 24 hours. Cells in the carbamazepine + glutamate group were pre-treated with various concentrations (3.75, 7.5, 15, and 30 μM) of carbamazepine for 1 hour and then exposed to 10 mM glutamte for 24 hours. The cell viability was evaluated by XTT assay. Total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the cells were measured by commercial kits. Results: Carbamazepine at the concentration of 30 μM significantly increased the cell viability in C6 cells after glutamate-induce cytotoxicity (p < 0.05). CBZ (30 μM) + glutamate significantly increased TOS levels in C6 cells compared to control untreated control cells (p < 0.05), while it did not change TAS level (p > 0.05). Moreover, carbamazepine did not change TNF-α level (p > 0.05) and increased MDA (p< 0.05) level in C6 cells after glutamate-induced cytotoxicity. Conclusion: Carbamazepine decreases glial cell death after glutamate-induced cytotoxicity in C6 cells. While carbamazepine produced protective effective in the acute process, long-term usage may increase oxidative damage and cause cell death. Special Issue of Health Sciences DOI: 10.7176/JSTR/7-08-09","PeriodicalId":14256,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific and Technological Research","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80050792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose : The current study was intended to investigate the potential effect of ethosuximide on glutamate-induced cytotoxicity and oxidative stress in C6 glial cells. Material and Methods: In our study, the C6 cell line was used. To see how ethosuximide affected glutamate-induced cytotoxicity, four cell groups were created. The control group was without any treatment. Cells in the glutamate group were exposed to 10 mM glutamate for 24 h. Cells in the ethosuximide group were treated with various concentrations (5, 10, 20, and 40 μM) of ethosuximide for 24 h. Cells in the ethosuximide + glutamate group were pre-treated with various concentrations of ethosuximide for 1 h and then treated with glutamate for 24 h. The cell viability was measured using an XTT assay.Total oxidant status (TOS) and Total antioxidant status (TAS) in the cells were measured by commercial kits. Results: Ethosuximide at the concentrations of 10, 20, and 40 μM significantly increased the cell viability in C6 cells (p < 0.001). Ethosuximide at the concentration of 40 μM significantly decreased the TOS levels (p < 0.05) whereas didn’t alter the TAS levels (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Ethosuximide can cause neuroprotective effect on C6 cells. Additionally, one of the potential mechanisms involved in this effect is inhibition of oxidative stress. Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, Huntington’s
{"title":"Protective Effect of Ethosuximide against Glutamate-Induced Cytotoxicity and Oxidative Stress in C6 Glial Cells","authors":"B. Sahin","doi":"10.7176/jstr/7-08-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jstr/7-08-10","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose : The current study was intended to investigate the potential effect of ethosuximide on glutamate-induced cytotoxicity and oxidative stress in C6 glial cells. Material and Methods: In our study, the C6 cell line was used. To see how ethosuximide affected glutamate-induced cytotoxicity, four cell groups were created. The control group was without any treatment. Cells in the glutamate group were exposed to 10 mM glutamate for 24 h. Cells in the ethosuximide group were treated with various concentrations (5, 10, 20, and 40 μM) of ethosuximide for 24 h. Cells in the ethosuximide + glutamate group were pre-treated with various concentrations of ethosuximide for 1 h and then treated with glutamate for 24 h. The cell viability was measured using an XTT assay.Total oxidant status (TOS) and Total antioxidant status (TAS) in the cells were measured by commercial kits. Results: Ethosuximide at the concentrations of 10, 20, and 40 μM significantly increased the cell viability in C6 cells (p < 0.001). Ethosuximide at the concentration of 40 μM significantly decreased the TOS levels (p < 0.05) whereas didn’t alter the TAS levels (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Ethosuximide can cause neuroprotective effect on C6 cells. Additionally, one of the potential mechanisms involved in this effect is inhibition of oxidative stress. Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, Huntington’s","PeriodicalId":14256,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific and Technological Research","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87592066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of the current study was to evaluate the role of estrogen (E) and melatonin (M) in preventing corneal disorders in ovariectomized (Ovx) and pinealectomized (Px) rats. Rats were randomly grouped into seven as follows: Sham-operated, Px, Bilateral Ovx, Ovx+Px, Ovx+Px+M, Ovx+Px+E, Ovx+Px+EM. Rats with Px, Ovx or Ovx+Px were housed for 5 months before the beginning of treatment. Melatonin-treated animals were injected with 5 mg/kg melatonin for 28 days. Estro-gen-treated animals received subcutaneous injections of 250 μg/kg β-estradiol17-cypionate once a week for 4 weeks. At the end of the study eyes tissues were fixed in 10%formol and was embedded in paraffin. Sections of tissue were cut at 5 µm, mounted on slides, stained with hematoxylin-eosin. The mean thicknesses of the total cornea, corneal epithelium, stroma and descement membrane from three different areas of each cornea were measured. Pinealectomy and ovariectomy caused an increase in the thickness of the epithelium, stroma, descement membrane and total cornea. The corneal thicknesses was higher in Ovx group than Px group. Making of ovariectomy and pinealectomy together didn’t more affect the corneal thicknesses according to the individual. In conclusions, e strogen administration was more effective than melatonin in respect to preservation of corneal structures. Ovx group, d Significant decrease (P<0.05), vs. Px group, e Significant decrease (P<0.05), vs. Ovx+Px+M group, f Significant increase (P<0.05), vs. Ovx+Px group. g Significant decrease (P<0.05), vs. Ovx+Px group
{"title":"The Comparison of the Effects of Estrogen and Melatonin against Corneal Disorders in Ovariectomized and Pinealectomized Rats","authors":"E. Taşlıdere","doi":"10.7176/jstr/7-08-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jstr/7-08-03","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the current study was to evaluate the role of estrogen (E) and melatonin (M) in preventing corneal disorders in ovariectomized (Ovx) and pinealectomized (Px) rats. Rats were randomly grouped into seven as follows: Sham-operated, Px, Bilateral Ovx, Ovx+Px, Ovx+Px+M, Ovx+Px+E, Ovx+Px+EM. Rats with Px, Ovx or Ovx+Px were housed for 5 months before the beginning of treatment. Melatonin-treated animals were injected with 5 mg/kg melatonin for 28 days. Estro-gen-treated animals received subcutaneous injections of 250 μg/kg β-estradiol17-cypionate once a week for 4 weeks. At the end of the study eyes tissues were fixed in 10%formol and was embedded in paraffin. Sections of tissue were cut at 5 µm, mounted on slides, stained with hematoxylin-eosin. The mean thicknesses of the total cornea, corneal epithelium, stroma and descement membrane from three different areas of each cornea were measured. Pinealectomy and ovariectomy caused an increase in the thickness of the epithelium, stroma, descement membrane and total cornea. The corneal thicknesses was higher in Ovx group than Px group. Making of ovariectomy and pinealectomy together didn’t more affect the corneal thicknesses according to the individual. In conclusions, e strogen administration was more effective than melatonin in respect to preservation of corneal structures. Ovx group, d Significant decrease (P<0.05), vs. Px group, e Significant decrease (P<0.05), vs. Ovx+Px+M group, f Significant increase (P<0.05), vs. Ovx+Px group. g Significant decrease (P<0.05), vs. Ovx+Px group","PeriodicalId":14256,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific and Technological Research","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87528322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Noise-Induced Hearing Loss and Associated Genes","authors":"","doi":"10.7176/jstr/7-08-07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jstr/7-08-07","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14256,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific and Technological Research","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80693902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aspirin is a medication with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Chrysin is a natural flavonoid that has been extensively investigated for its significant biological impacts. In this study, we aimed to investigate the protective effect of chrysin against aspirin-induced oxidative damage in rat ovarian tissue. Forty female albino rats were used in the study. Rats were randomly divided into 5 groups. Group1 (control group): No medication was administered to the rats in this group. Group 2 (ASA group): 1 mg/kg aspirin was administered to rats in this group by oral gavage for 28 days. Group 3 (ASA+CH): 1 mg/kg aspirin and 50 mg/kg CH were administered to rats in this group by oral gavage for 28 days. Group 4 (CH): 50 mg/kg CH was administered by oral gavage to the rats in this group for 28 days. Group 5 (olive oil): 1 ml/kg of olive oil was administered orally to the rats in this group. At the end of the 28-day trial, ovarian tissues were taken under anesthesia, after the rats fasted for one night. The supernatant was obtained by homogenizing the ovarian tissues, and Malondialdehyde (MDA), Advanced Oxidation Protein Products (AOPP), Total sulfhydryl (T-SH) level, and catalase (CAT) activity were quantified spectrometrically from the supernatant. Ovarian tissue MDA and AOPP levels in the ASA group were determined to be significantly higher than in the control group (p<0.05). Ovarian tissue MDA level in the ASA+CH group was lower compared to the ASA group, but the difference between the two groups was not significant (p>0.05). The AOPP level of the ASA+CH group was found to be significantly lower than that of the ASA group (p<0.05). T-SH level of the ASA group was significantly lower than the control group (p<0.05). No significant difference was determined between T-SH levels of the ASA and AS+CH group (p>0.05). CAT activity in the ASA group was lower than in the control group, but the decrease was not significant (p>0.05). Ovarian tissue CAT activity was found to be significantly higher in the ASA+CH group, compared to the control and ASA groups (p<0.05). ASA administration causes an increase in oxidative stress markers from the ovarian tissue, whereas it causes a decrease in antioxidants. By reducing this effect of aspirin, CH could increase antioxidant levels and reduce oxidative stress
{"title":"The Effect of Chrysin on Oxidative Stress in the Ovarian Tissue of Aspirin Administered Rats","authors":"A. U. Komuroglu","doi":"10.7176/jstr/7-08-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jstr/7-08-05","url":null,"abstract":"Aspirin is a medication with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Chrysin is a natural flavonoid that has been extensively investigated for its significant biological impacts. In this study, we aimed to investigate the protective effect of chrysin against aspirin-induced oxidative damage in rat ovarian tissue. Forty female albino rats were used in the study. Rats were randomly divided into 5 groups. Group1 (control group): No medication was administered to the rats in this group. Group 2 (ASA group): 1 mg/kg aspirin was administered to rats in this group by oral gavage for 28 days. Group 3 (ASA+CH): 1 mg/kg aspirin and 50 mg/kg CH were administered to rats in this group by oral gavage for 28 days. Group 4 (CH): 50 mg/kg CH was administered by oral gavage to the rats in this group for 28 days. Group 5 (olive oil): 1 ml/kg of olive oil was administered orally to the rats in this group. At the end of the 28-day trial, ovarian tissues were taken under anesthesia, after the rats fasted for one night. The supernatant was obtained by homogenizing the ovarian tissues, and Malondialdehyde (MDA), Advanced Oxidation Protein Products (AOPP), Total sulfhydryl (T-SH) level, and catalase (CAT) activity were quantified spectrometrically from the supernatant. Ovarian tissue MDA and AOPP levels in the ASA group were determined to be significantly higher than in the control group (p<0.05). Ovarian tissue MDA level in the ASA+CH group was lower compared to the ASA group, but the difference between the two groups was not significant (p>0.05). The AOPP level of the ASA+CH group was found to be significantly lower than that of the ASA group (p<0.05). T-SH level of the ASA group was significantly lower than the control group (p<0.05). No significant difference was determined between T-SH levels of the ASA and AS+CH group (p>0.05). CAT activity in the ASA group was lower than in the control group, but the decrease was not significant (p>0.05). Ovarian tissue CAT activity was found to be significantly higher in the ASA+CH group, compared to the control and ASA groups (p<0.05). ASA administration causes an increase in oxidative stress markers from the ovarian tissue, whereas it causes a decrease in antioxidants. By reducing this effect of aspirin, CH could increase antioxidant levels and reduce oxidative stress","PeriodicalId":14256,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific and Technological Research","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82428345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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