In this research the genotoxic effects of spirotetramat have been determined by the meaning of mitotic index (MI) and chromosomal abnormality in Allium cepa L. root tip meristematic cells. For this purpose the Allium test was carried out exposing roots to spirotetramat for 24 and 48 hours at the concentrations of 1 mL/L, 2 mL/L, 4 mL/L. After the spirotetramat applications, root tips have been harvested and standard mitotic test procedures have been realized. The mitotic index was calculated as the number of dividing cells per number of 1000 1500 observed cells and the chromosomal aberrations also were scored for each group. Our results have showed that the mitotic index significantly decreased with the increase of doses and exposure times when compare to their controls. According to our results, MI value has been decreased as 56% and 65% in 4 mL/L spirotetramat application after 24 and 48 hours respectively. As a result of our research, it was understood that the chromosomal aberration frequency increased in all application groups when we compare with the control group. According to chromosomal aberration frequency results, when we compare with control group chromosome aberration frequency increased approximately seven fold in 4 mL/L spirotetramat applications after 24 and 48 hours respectively. Our results showed that spirotetramat induced significant increases of chromosomal aberrations such as table and pole shifting, chromosomal bridge. In addition that mitotic index (MI) decreased significantly with increasing of spirotetramat doses and the exposure time as compared to their controls. Keywords: Allium cepa, spirotetramat, genotoxicity, mitotic index. DOI: 10.7176/JSTR/7-06-03
{"title":"Genotoxic Effects of Spirotetramat on Allium Cepa L.","authors":"M. Gultekin, C. Aki","doi":"10.7176/JSTR/7-06-06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/JSTR/7-06-06","url":null,"abstract":"In this research the genotoxic effects of spirotetramat have been determined by the meaning of mitotic index (MI) and chromosomal abnormality in Allium cepa L. root tip meristematic cells. For this purpose the Allium test was carried out exposing roots to spirotetramat for 24 and 48 hours at the concentrations of 1 mL/L, 2 mL/L, 4 mL/L. After the spirotetramat applications, root tips have been harvested and standard mitotic test procedures have been realized. The mitotic index was calculated as the number of dividing cells per number of 1000 1500 observed cells and the chromosomal aberrations also were scored for each group. Our results have showed that the mitotic index significantly decreased with the increase of doses and exposure times when compare to their controls. According to our results, MI value has been decreased as 56% and 65% in 4 mL/L spirotetramat application after 24 and 48 hours respectively. As a result of our research, it was understood that the chromosomal aberration frequency increased in all application groups when we compare with the control group. According to chromosomal aberration frequency results, when we compare with control group chromosome aberration frequency increased approximately seven fold in 4 mL/L spirotetramat applications after 24 and 48 hours respectively. Our results showed that spirotetramat induced significant increases of chromosomal aberrations such as table and pole shifting, chromosomal bridge. In addition that mitotic index (MI) decreased significantly with increasing of spirotetramat doses and the exposure time as compared to their controls. Keywords: Allium cepa, spirotetramat, genotoxicity, mitotic index. DOI: 10.7176/JSTR/7-06-03","PeriodicalId":14256,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific and Technological Research","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85283919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study was to planned investigate the milk consumption and body mass index values in rural and central district primary school students. In this context, a questionnaire was applied to 152 children from 59 families, 25 of whom were in the center and 34 living in the countryside, during home visits. In addition, during the survey, the height and weight of the participants were determined and the body mass index values were calculated. The drinking habits of rural and central district students participating in the study were 35% in the evenings for rural girls and 48% for boys (p=0.211); the central region was found to be 55% in girls and 59% in boys (p=0.282). While 20.62% of the children in the families participating in the survey liked hot milk, 23.5% liked cold milk, 29.4% stated that they liked to drink milk with fruit. Although 90% of the respondents in this study say that they like milk, it is understood that there is irregular milk consumption.
{"title":"Rural and Central District Primary School Students Body Mass Index and Milk Consumption Habits","authors":"Serap Goncu","doi":"10.7176/jstr/7-06-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jstr/7-06-02","url":null,"abstract":"This study was to planned investigate the milk consumption and body mass index values in rural and central district primary school students. In this context, a questionnaire was applied to 152 children from 59 families, 25 of whom were in the center and 34 living in the countryside, during home visits. In addition, during the survey, the height and weight of the participants were determined and the body mass index values were calculated. The drinking habits of rural and central district students participating in the study were 35% in the evenings for rural girls and 48% for boys (p=0.211); the central region was found to be 55% in girls and 59% in boys (p=0.282). While 20.62% of the children in the families participating in the survey liked hot milk, 23.5% liked cold milk, 29.4% stated that they liked to drink milk with fruit. Although 90% of the respondents in this study say that they like milk, it is understood that there is irregular milk consumption.","PeriodicalId":14256,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific and Technological Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88356081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of the study is to investigate the expressions of Wnt signal pathway proteins (Wnt 1/Β Catenin/E Cadherin) in polycythemia vera and essential thrombocythemia. In addition to 25 Polycythemia vera and 25 Essential thrombocytosis cases who received bone marrow biopsies with the diagnoses of Polycythemia vera and Essential thrombocytosis, 25 normocellular bone marrow biopsies were included as the control group. In cells belonging to erythroid, myeloid and megakaryocytic series in the bone marrow biopsies of the cases, Wnt 1, β catenin and E cadherin expressions were examined by the immunohistochemical method. For each series, staining up to 10% was accepted as negative, and 10% and higher staining was accepted as positive. In the Essential thrombocytosis cases, there was a significant increase in the Wnt 1 expression in the megakaryocytic series and E cadherin expression in the erythroid series (p<0.05). When the cases were assessed within themselves based on the three series, an increase in E cadherin and E cadherin expression in the erythroid series in the Polycythemia vera cases and Wnt 1 expression in the megakaryocytic series in the Essential thrombocytosis cases was observed (p<0.05). β catenin expression was not encountered in the cases. Consequently, it was considered that Wnt 1 may be associated with megakaryocytopoiesis in ET cases, and E cadherin may be associated with erythropoiesis in ET cases. However, it will be beneficial to repeat the study on broader myeloproliferative neoplasm series and assess other factors in the Wnt pathway. Keywords: Essential Thrombocytosis, Polycythemia Vera, Wnt 1, β catenin, E cadherin DOI: 10.7176/JSTR/7-06-04
{"title":"The Evaluation of Wnt Pathway Proteins (Wnt-1/Β-Catenin/ E-Cadherin) in Bone Marrow Biopsies in Essential Thrombocythemia and Polycythemia Vera","authors":"H. Kucuk, U. Cobanoglu, M. Sonmez","doi":"10.7176/jstr/7-06-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jstr/7-06-04","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study is to investigate the expressions of Wnt signal pathway proteins (Wnt 1/Β Catenin/E Cadherin) in polycythemia vera and essential thrombocythemia. In addition to 25 Polycythemia vera and 25 Essential thrombocytosis cases who received bone marrow biopsies with the diagnoses of Polycythemia vera and Essential thrombocytosis, 25 normocellular bone marrow biopsies were included as the control group. In cells belonging to erythroid, myeloid and megakaryocytic series in the bone marrow biopsies of the cases, Wnt 1, β catenin and E cadherin expressions were examined by the immunohistochemical method. For each series, staining up to 10% was accepted as negative, and 10% and higher staining was accepted as positive. In the Essential thrombocytosis cases, there was a significant increase in the Wnt 1 expression in the megakaryocytic series and E cadherin expression in the erythroid series (p<0.05). When the cases were assessed within themselves based on the three series, an increase in E cadherin and E cadherin expression in the erythroid series in the Polycythemia vera cases and Wnt 1 expression in the megakaryocytic series in the Essential thrombocytosis cases was observed (p<0.05). β catenin expression was not encountered in the cases. Consequently, it was considered that Wnt 1 may be associated with megakaryocytopoiesis in ET cases, and E cadherin may be associated with erythropoiesis in ET cases. However, it will be beneficial to repeat the study on broader myeloproliferative neoplasm series and assess other factors in the Wnt pathway. Keywords: Essential Thrombocytosis, Polycythemia Vera, Wnt 1, β catenin, E cadherin DOI: 10.7176/JSTR/7-06-04","PeriodicalId":14256,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific and Technological Research","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80065866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hypericum Perforatum Extract Modifies Serum and Tumoral Redox Status and Nitric Oxide Metabolites in Mice","authors":"","doi":"10.7176/jstr/7-05-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jstr/7-05-05","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14256,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific and Technological Research","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73947082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Abraham in the Old Testament and the New Testament","authors":"","doi":"10.7176/jstr/7-05-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jstr/7-05-04","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14256,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific and Technological Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89452546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Re-Ornament of Traditional Architectural Ornament and at the Present-Time the Possibilities of Technology","authors":"","doi":"10.7176/jstr/7-05-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jstr/7-05-03","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14256,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific and Technological Research","volume":"76 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80721721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Knowledge of the geology of the ground to be excavated in surface mines and foundations, especially in civil engineering works, is very important to decide on the appropriate excavation method and equipment and ensure human and equipment safety with time and cost savings. For this purpose, the engineering geological properties and excavatability classification of rocks around the Haroglu Mountain located in the northeast of Baskil in Elazig were studied. The research started with a desktop study and then continued with a walkover, the determination, and mapping of lithostratigraphic units outcropping in this study area. Yuksekova Formation, Kuscular Formation, Seske Formation, Kirkgecit Formation, and surficial deposits are the lithostratigraphic units in order of occurrence from old to young. Yuksekova Formation, the oldest unit between them, makes up of a group of plutonic, hypabyssal, volcanic, and pyroclastic rocks. After Yuksekova Formation occurs which is magmatic, the sedimentary sequence begins to form with Middle Paleocene-aged rocks. Sedimentary rocks are divided into three formations according to their stratigraphic properties. In order of occurrence from old to young, these sedimentary formations are composed of Kuscular conglomerate, Seske Formation, Kirkgecit Formation. Also, surficial deposits as the youngest unit are formed occasionally over other formations. The structural geological properties of the formations, one of the most important parameters of the excavability, were mapped. The set number, roughness, magnitude of the angle of dip, azimuth of strike or dip of discontinuities or joints, and the block volume are the significant parameters that are influenced excavatability. The azimuths of strikes of discontinuities were measured and carried out the rose diagrams from them. As a result of these measurements, the discontinuities or fractures in Yuksekova Formation have been usually found in the azimuth of a strike having NNE and a 45-90 SW of angle and azimuth of dip. It was determined that the orientation of K60W of excavation is the orientation of a very favorable excavation based on the discontinuity attitudes in the study area. It was established that the orientation of a very unfavorable excavation also is in the azimuth of the strike of fracture, namely N30E. Excavatability of the rocks was determined by assessment of lower and upper discontinuity spacing index and point load strength values. Yuksekova Formation requires methods that can be excavated from very hard to extremely hard ripping (D 9)–blasting by taking into consideration formations exposed in the study area. Kuscular Formation can be excavated by methods of easy ripping (D 6-D 7) to hard ripping (D 8) and Seske Formation also easy ripping (D 6-D 7)-very hard ripping (D 9). Kirkgecit Formation has the capabilities of being excavated by methods of hard digging (CAT 245) to very hard ripping (D 9). As a result of this study, the order of excavatability as the
在露天矿山和基础中，特别是在土木工程中，了解待开挖地面的地质情况，对于确定合适的开挖方法和设备，确保人员和设备的安全，节省时间和成本是非常重要的。为此，对埃拉孜格州巴什基尔东北部哈罗格鲁山周围岩石的工程地质性质和可采性分类进行了研究。研究从桌面研究开始，然后在研究区进行了遍历，确定和绘制了岩石地层单元的露头。由老到新依次为Yuksekova组、Kuscular组、Seske组、kirkgeecit组和表层矿床。尤塞科娃组是它们之间最古老的单位，由一组深成岩、浅成岩、火山岩和火山碎屑岩组成。尤克谢科娃组形成后，开始形成中古新世的沉积层序。沉积岩根据其地层性质分为三组。这些沉积层由老到新依次为Kuscular砾岩、Seske组、kirkgeecit组。此外，表面矿床作为最年轻的单位，偶尔会在其他地层之上形成。构造地质性质是确定可挖掘性的重要参数之一。结构面或节理的倾斜角、走向方位或倾斜角的设置数、粗糙度、大小以及块体体积是影响可采性的重要参数。测量了不连续面走向的方位角，并由此得到了玫瑰图。这些测量结果表明，Yuksekova组的不连续或裂缝通常位于北北东向、倾角和倾角为45-90偏南的走向方位角上。根据研究区不连续走向，确定开挖方向K60W为非常有利的开挖方向。确定了极不利开挖的方位也在裂缝走向的方位角上，即N30E。通过评价上、下不连续间距指数和点荷载强度值来确定岩石的可掘进性。Yuksekova组需要考虑到研究区暴露的地层，可以从极硬撕裂到极硬撕裂(d9)爆破开挖的方法。Kuscular形成可以挖掘的方法简单的转存(D 6 D 7)努力撷取(8 D)和Seske形成也容易转存(D 6 D 7) -非常努力撷取(D 9)。Kirkgecit形成有功能的挖掘方法挖掘245年(CAT)很难很难撕(D 9)。作为本研究的结果,excavatability作为岩石的订单很难简单可以表示为micro-diorite,花岗岩、安山岩,Yuksekova形成的闪长岩,kirkgeecit组砾岩和kusular组砾岩。最后，Kirkgecit组的灰岩和页岩也将分别是最容易挖掘的。此外，还揭示了采用易挖法开采地表矿床的最佳条件。关键词:爆破，开挖，不连续间距指数，可挖性，地层，撕裂，DOI: 10.7176/JSTR/7-02-03
{"title":"Excavatability Classification of Rocks around Haroglu Mountain in Northeast of Baskil in Elazig According to Engineering Geology Properties","authors":"E. Kiliç","doi":"10.7176/JSTR/7-02-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/JSTR/7-02-03","url":null,"abstract":"Knowledge of the geology of the ground to be excavated in surface mines and foundations, especially in civil engineering works, is very important to decide on the appropriate excavation method and equipment and ensure human and equipment safety with time and cost savings. For this purpose, the engineering geological properties and excavatability classification of rocks around the Haroglu Mountain located in the northeast of Baskil in Elazig were studied. The research started with a desktop study and then continued with a walkover, the determination, and mapping of lithostratigraphic units outcropping in this study area. Yuksekova Formation, Kuscular Formation, Seske Formation, Kirkgecit Formation, and surficial deposits are the lithostratigraphic units in order of occurrence from old to young. Yuksekova Formation, the oldest unit between them, makes up of a group of plutonic, hypabyssal, volcanic, and pyroclastic rocks. After Yuksekova Formation occurs which is magmatic, the sedimentary sequence begins to form with Middle Paleocene-aged rocks. Sedimentary rocks are divided into three formations according to their stratigraphic properties. In order of occurrence from old to young, these sedimentary formations are composed of Kuscular conglomerate, Seske Formation, Kirkgecit Formation. Also, surficial deposits as the youngest unit are formed occasionally over other formations. The structural geological properties of the formations, one of the most important parameters of the excavability, were mapped. The set number, roughness, magnitude of the angle of dip, azimuth of strike or dip of discontinuities or joints, and the block volume are the significant parameters that are influenced excavatability. The azimuths of strikes of discontinuities were measured and carried out the rose diagrams from them. As a result of these measurements, the discontinuities or fractures in Yuksekova Formation have been usually found in the azimuth of a strike having NNE and a 45-90 SW of angle and azimuth of dip. It was determined that the orientation of K60W of excavation is the orientation of a very favorable excavation based on the discontinuity attitudes in the study area. It was established that the orientation of a very unfavorable excavation also is in the azimuth of the strike of fracture, namely N30E. Excavatability of the rocks was determined by assessment of lower and upper discontinuity spacing index and point load strength values. Yuksekova Formation requires methods that can be excavated from very hard to extremely hard ripping (D 9)–blasting by taking into consideration formations exposed in the study area. Kuscular Formation can be excavated by methods of easy ripping (D 6-D 7) to hard ripping (D 8) and Seske Formation also easy ripping (D 6-D 7)-very hard ripping (D 9). Kirkgecit Formation has the capabilities of being excavated by methods of hard digging (CAT 245) to very hard ripping (D 9). As a result of this study, the order of excavatability as the","PeriodicalId":14256,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific and Technological Research","volume":"28 1","pages":"17-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88001210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this study is to determine the potency of Diclofenac sodium tablet available in Port Harcourt metropolis, south-south Nigeria. Diclofenac Sodium is a potent Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug (NSAID) commonly used as an Over the Counter (OTC) drug. Potency determination was performed to evaluate and authenticate whether the marketed samples complies with the declared specification. In vitro dissolution study was, performed to verify the potency of the drug and its relative bioavailability. Hardness was checked to verify whether it interferes with the dissolution, which might ultimately affect the drug bioavailability. In this present study, a simple, cost effective, and spectrophotometric method for the potency determination of marketed diclofenac sodium tablets is used. Six samples were randomly collected from the market and coded as A, B, C, D, E and F, and the potency determined are 80%, 98.7%, 126.9%, 99.6%, 109.2% and 91.4% respectively. Hardness and in vitro dissolution of the six brands of diclofenac sodium tablet were studied and reported. After 1 h dissolution release of samples A, B, C, D, E, and F are 135%, 30%, 70%, 122%, 38%, and 40% respectively. The results obtained from the study signified, that not all the samples analyzed complied with the BP and USP standards or requirements.
{"title":"In Vitro Assay and Dissolution Study of Diclofenac Sodium Tablets Marketed In Port Harcourt, South – South Nigeria","authors":"","doi":"10.7176/jstr/7-02-06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jstr/7-02-06","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to determine the potency of Diclofenac sodium tablet available in Port Harcourt metropolis, south-south Nigeria. Diclofenac Sodium is a potent Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug (NSAID) commonly used as an Over the Counter (OTC) drug. Potency determination was performed to evaluate and authenticate whether the marketed samples complies with the declared specification. In vitro dissolution study was, performed to verify the potency of the drug and its relative bioavailability. Hardness was checked to verify whether it interferes with the dissolution, which might ultimately affect the drug bioavailability. In this present study, a simple, cost effective, and spectrophotometric method for the potency determination of marketed diclofenac sodium tablets is used. Six samples were randomly collected from the market and coded as A, B, C, D, E and F, and the potency determined are 80%, 98.7%, 126.9%, 99.6%, 109.2% and 91.4% respectively. Hardness and in vitro dissolution of the six brands of diclofenac sodium tablet were studied and reported. After 1 h dissolution release of samples A, B, C, D, E, and F are 135%, 30%, 70%, 122%, 38%, and 40% respectively. The results obtained from the study signified, that not all the samples analyzed complied with the BP and USP standards or requirements.","PeriodicalId":14256,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific and Technological Research","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85522915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, the relationship between the financial development and the income inequality in Turkey is investigated by testing the validity of Financial Kuznets Curve Hypothesis. To examine this relationship for the period of 1987 2017, the variables of the public final consumption expenditures, the modern sector share, the inflation and the human capitalare also added to the model setted as control variables, and the long term relationships among the variables are analyzed by using the ARDL (The Autoregressive Distributed Lag) Boundary Test approach. Empirical evidence refers to the validity of the Financial Kuznets Curve Hypothesis in Turkey, in other words, there is an inverse U shaped relationship between the financial development and the income inequality. Accordingly, while the financial development raises the inequality in income distribution to a certain threshold level, it reduces the inequality after this threshold level in Turkey. Moreover, in the long run increases in the modern sector share, the public final consumption expenditures and in the trade openness help to reducing income inequality but increases in the inflation and in the human capital make worse income inequality. Keywords: Financial Development, Income Inequality, Financial Kuznets Curve, ARDL Boundary Test. DOI: 10.7176/JSTR/7-01-07
{"title":"Financial Development and Income Inequality Relationship: Analyzing Financial Kuznets Curve with ARDL Boundary Test in Turkey","authors":"Seyma Yilmaz Kuscuoglu, Macide Çiçek","doi":"10.7176/jstr/7-01-07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/jstr/7-01-07","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the relationship between the financial development and the income inequality in Turkey is investigated by testing the validity of Financial Kuznets Curve Hypothesis. To examine this relationship for the period of 1987 2017, the variables of the public final consumption expenditures, the modern sector share, the inflation and the human capitalare also added to the model setted as control variables, and the long term relationships among the variables are analyzed by using the ARDL (The Autoregressive Distributed Lag) Boundary Test approach. Empirical evidence refers to the validity of the Financial Kuznets Curve Hypothesis in Turkey, in other words, there is an inverse U shaped relationship between the financial development and the income inequality. Accordingly, while the financial development raises the inequality in income distribution to a certain threshold level, it reduces the inequality after this threshold level in Turkey. Moreover, in the long run increases in the modern sector share, the public final consumption expenditures and in the trade openness help to reducing income inequality but increases in the inflation and in the human capital make worse income inequality. Keywords: Financial Development, Income Inequality, Financial Kuznets Curve, ARDL Boundary Test. DOI: 10.7176/JSTR/7-01-07","PeriodicalId":14256,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific and Technological Research","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81685989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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