International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid最新文献

{"title":"Performance investigation of a helium compression system driven by a revamped rolling piston type rotor compressor","authors":"Jiayuan Cao ,&nbsp;Xiaofeng Xu ,&nbsp;Liang Zhang ,&nbsp;Yujuan Xia ,&nbsp;Hanyi Liu ,&nbsp;Yang Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.11.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.11.020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Low-temperature refrigeration is indispensable for cryogenic applications like superconductivity and helium liquefaction, and its efficiency hinges on helium compression. This study is critical as it addresses the long-standing gap of rolling piston type rotary compressors (RPTRCs) in helium compression, a key advance for diversifying cryogenic compression technologies. Currently, helium compression relies mostly on scroll or screw compressors, limiting equipment miniaturization and cost-effectiveness; RPTRCs’ poor heat dissipation and high discharge temperatures have excluded them, hindering field progress. To address these challenges, we modified an RPTRC with oil-injection cooling, optimized exhaust, and an external heat exchanger, then built an experimental setup. The tests encompassed rotational speeds ranging from 50 to 100 rps, oil injection volumes between 3.5 to 4.5 L, and inlet water temperatures of 18–24 °C at flow rates of 1–3 L·min^-1. The results demonstrated that the modified RPTRC maintained a discharge temperature below 100 °C; specifically at a speed of 100 rps, the exhaust pressure stabilized around 27.2 bar while achieving a volumetric efficiency increase of approximately 10.5 %. Notably, using an oil volume of 4.5 L reduced the exhaust temperature by 12.3 %, although it resulted in an increase in input power by 8.8 %. Furthermore, adjusting inlet water parameters enhanced volumetric efficiency by up to 5 % due to reductions in oil viscosity. This work first validates RPTRCs for helium two-phase compression, provides critical empirical data, and expands cryogenic compressor options, significantly advancing low-temperature refrigeration research and application.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":"182 ","pages":"Pages 102-113"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145682297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theoretical analysis of the enhancement effect of the combination of ultrasonic oscillation and atomization on the falling film absorption process of ammonia water and optimization of the combined parameters","authors":"Chuang Pan ,&nbsp;Jinlei Li ,&nbsp;Runfa Zhou ,&nbsp;Shuhong Li ,&nbsp;Yanjun Li ,&nbsp;Jun Wu ,&nbsp;Gui Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.11.027","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.11.027","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As the core component of the ammonia-water absorption refrigeration system (AARS), the falling film absorber plays a crucial role in enhancing the absorption process, which significantly impacts the improvement of the system's performance. In this paper, a novel absorber that combines ultrasonic oscillation and atomization to enhance the falling film absorption process of ammonia water is proposed. This innovative approach can simultaneously increase the mass transfer area and the driving force for mass transfer. Moreover, a theoretical model of this new absorber is established to analyze its absorption enhancement effect. The results demonstrate that the combined enhancement effect of oscillation and atomization on absorption is superior to that of atomization or oscillation alone. When the total power of the atomizer and oscillator for a single falling film tube is 2 W, the droplet diameter is 17 μm, and the atomization rate is 0.54, the maximum absorption effect is increased by 44.95 %. This study provides a new perspective for the structural optimization of absorbers and the effective improvement of the performance of AARS systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":"182 ","pages":"Pages 74-92"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145682238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance study of a novel two-bed thermochemical cooling system for low temperature application: Modelling and Validation","authors":"Sannapareddy Anilkumar,&nbsp;E.Anil Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.11.022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.11.022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Conventional vapor compression systems require significant electrical energy to achieve low evaporator temperatures, which limits their application in low-resource or off-grid scenarios. Sorption-based cooling systems offer a promising alternative by utilizing low-grade thermal energy, reducing dependency on electricity. This study investigates a two-bed thermochemical sorption system to overcome the inherent trade-off in single-bed systems, where achieving low evaporator temperatures typically demands high regeneration temperatures. Four high temperature salt (HTS) and medium temperature salt (MTS) pairs, MnCl₂-SrCl₂, MnCl₂_<img>CaCl₂, MgCl₂-SrCl₂, and MgCl₂_<img>CaCl₂ were selected using thermodynamic and kinetic data. Performance of these pairs with optimised two tube-bundle reactor configuration is evaluated using a transient numerical model. The two-bed system achieved evaporator temperatures down to -30 °C with regeneration temperatures as low as 130 °C. MnCl₂-SrCl₂ showed the highest overall performance of specific cooling power of 57 W/kg, cooling capacity of 854 W and coefficient of performance of 0.14, while MgCl₂ pairs performance is low due to its slow kinetics. Overall, analysis revealed that limiting system operation to 70 % of the maximum sorption capacity improves energy efficiency by maintaining faster reaction rates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":"182 ","pages":"Pages 299-311"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145733324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coupled design and optimization of the turboexpander-compressor for full-range high efficiency in reverse brayton cycles","authors":"Yu Tian,&nbsp;Guoyuan Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.12.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As an environmentally benign natural refrigerant, air has emerged as a promising alternative for sustainable refrigeration systems, where the expander-compressor performance represents the critical limiting factor. This paper proposes a coupled design method for compressors and expanders in air refrigeration cycles, featuring identical pressure ratios, flow similarity, and high-efficiency operation across all working conditions. The imperialist competitive algorithm was implemented with annual system efficiency as the objective function to optimize the turboexpander-compressor. Experimental validation confirms the accuracy of the one-dimensional loss model and computational fluid dynamics simulation, demonstrating the feasibility of the proposed methodology. Under summer conditions of Beijing (2023), the designed system achieves an average turboexpander-compressor system efficiency of 2.759. Results indicate that the ratio of pressure ratio between the compressor and expander remains within 0.9–1.05, satisfying the identical pressure ratio design requirement. The system maintains high efficiency even under peak cooling demand, effectively mitigating performance degradation in high-load scenarios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":"182 ","pages":"Pages 312-322"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145733325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulation study of a CO2 scroll compressor with main and pre-discharge valves","authors":"Yixin Liu,&nbsp;Xiangji Yue,&nbsp;Zhijun Zhang,&nbsp;Jiawei Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.11.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.11.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The over-compression phenomenon in CO₂ scroll compressors, compared to those using conventional refrigerants, significantly impairs performance. To address this issue, a three-dimensional simulation model of a CO₂ scroll compressor incorporating pre-discharge valves was developed to mitigate the impact of the over-compression phenomenon on compressor performance. Simulation results indicate that, compared to scroll compressors without a pre-discharge valve (NPDV) structure, those with a pre-discharge valve (PDV) structure exhibits a reduction of 4.4 MPa in the maximum pressure and 25 K in the maximum temperature within the compression chamber. The range of the over-compression effect has been reduced from 251 - 425°to 373 - 425°, and the pre-compression phenomenon is improved. Additionally, the pre-discharge valve structure reduces the impact of the gas on the main discharge valve. It also decreases both the axial and radial clearance gas leakage velocities, with the average mass flow rate of axial clearance leakage reduced by 12 %. As a result of the pre-discharge valve structure, the inlet mass flow rate increases by 4.2 % and the volumetric efficiency improves by 3.2 %. Moreover, the discharge temperature, torque, and shaft power of the scroll compressor are reduced by 5 K, 1.39 N·m, and 99 W, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":"182 ","pages":"Pages 273-286"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145733327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical and experimental assessment of the CO2 ejector for a small-scale refrigeration system for mobile/automotive applications","authors":"Jakub Bodys ,&nbsp;Michal Palacz ,&nbsp;Michal Haida ,&nbsp;Francesco Fabris ,&nbsp;Antonio Rossetti ,&nbsp;Jacek Smolka","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.10.028","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.10.028","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The design of small-scale CO₂ ejectors with throat diameters below 1 mm for mobile CO₂ refrigeration units is demanding particularly when prototypes are required in limited quantities for pilot deployment. In this study, a numerical analysis was performed to evaluate design constraints, focusing on six key dimensions of the motive nozzle and mixing section. Simulations were conducted at motive conditions of 86 bar and 35^∘ C and two suction nozzle conditions representative of low-temperature (LT) and medium-temperature (MT) evaporator outlets. The optimized geometry achieved efficiencies of approximately 20 % at pressure lifts of 4-5 bar, fulfilling the cooling power requirements under rated conditions (ambient 30^∘ C). Experimental tests on a dedicated lab-scale test rig validated the design and provided insight into manufacturing tolerances and general performance characteristics. Ejectors demonstrated mass entrainment ratios between 0.45 and 0.50 at the design point (86 bar, 35^∘ C motive; -21^∘ C LT and -10^∘ C MT evaporation). Flow stability varied between configurations: the MT ejector exhibited higher stability, whereas the LT ejector–despite more fluctuation–achieved higher efficiency ( ∼ 26 %). Manufacturing quality was assessed using numerical sensitivity analysis, revealing that deviations in tolerance and surface roughness could lead to reductions of up to 9 % in motive and suction nozzle mass flow rates. These novel findings underscore the critical importance of precision machining for scaled-down CO₂ ejector components and demonstrate the feasibility of integrating such systems into compact mobile refrigeration applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":"182 ","pages":"Pages 93-101"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145682237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel dual pressure-temperature interpolation model for mathematically exact adsorption equilibrium for performance simulation of integrated absorption-adsorption refrigeration system using the MIL-101(Cr)/water pair","authors":"N.U. Qadir ,&nbsp;H. Bahaidarah","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.11.032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.11.032","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>None of the adsorption equilibrium models for both conventional and non-conventional adsorbent materials reported so far in literature represent a close-to-exact correlation with the equilibrium isotherm measured <em>via</em> experimentation. This not only affects the accuracy of performance simulation of adsorption refrigeration system negatively but also the subsequent assessment of feasibility of the system in commercial applications. A dual pressure-temperature interpolation model resulting in a close-to-exact degree of correlation with experimentally acquired equilibrium isotherm greater than all the previously reported models has been proposed which is applicable to both conventional and non-conventional adsorbent materials. Based on the proposed experimentally validated model, the numerical performance prediction of an integrated absorption-adsorption refrigeration system with a hydrostable Metal Organic Framework, MIL-101(Cr), as adsorbent and water as refrigerant has been presented. In addition, a completely novel model to accurately predict the transient dynamics of mass recovery cycle has further been developed. Results demonstrate that the refrigeration system based on the proposed adsorption equilibrium model for the silica-gel/water pair is characterized by a coefficient of performance numerically predicted to be 152 % and 115 % greater than the corresponding system based on the MIL-101(Cr)/water pair in the stand-alone and integrated configurations respectively. The outcome of the study suggests that MOFs can turn out to be outstanding potential adsorbents for adsorption refrigeration systems provided the intrinsic deficiency of lower thermal conductivity can be resolved without compromising their inherent water uptake.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":"182 ","pages":"Pages 230-252"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145682353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measurement of gaseous speed of sound for R1234ze(E) and R1234ze(E)+R1336mzz(E) binary mixture using a cylindrical resonator","authors":"Ying Tan,&nbsp;Xiayao Peng,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Duan,&nbsp;Zhen Yang,&nbsp;Qiang Song","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.11.031","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.11.031","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Trans</em>-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R1234ze(E)) and <em>trans</em>-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene (R1336mzz(E)), along with their mixtures, represent a new generation of low-global-warming-potential working fluids with significant promise. This study aimed to measure the gaseous speed of sound using Cylindrical Fixed-Path Interferometry. The core component, the cylindrical resonator, had its length and radius precisely calibrated using argon. Combining the calibrated dimensions with the measured resonance frequency, we determined the speed of sound of R1234ze(E) in the temperature range of 313.15 K∼363.15 K and the pressure range of 50 kPa∼1030 kPa with a relative extended uncertainty (<em>k</em> = 2) of 0.029 %. Our comparison with the available speed of sound data revealed that the multiparameter equation of state for R1234ze(E) exhibits a systematic positive bias in the pressure range of 0∼1000 kPa for speed of sound calculation. From the measured speed of sound of R1234ze(E), we calculated its ideal-gas heat capacity and acoustic second virial coefficients. These coefficients were subsequently regressed to obtain molecular parameters for the hard-core square-well molecular potential model, enabling the derivation of the density second virial coefficients. Furthermore, the speed of sound of R1234ze(E)+R1336mzz(E) binary mixture was measured in the temperature range of 313.15 K∼363.15 K and the pressure range of 59 kPa∼800 kPa with a relative extended uncertainty (<em>k</em> = 2) of 0.064 %. By integrating the mixture speed of sound with the pure component properties, we determined the acoustic second virial coefficients of R1234ze(E)+R1336mzz(E). These results provide essential data support for developing a specialized thermodynamic model for the mixture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":"182 ","pages":"Pages 217-229"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145682354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental investigation of helium gas heat exchangers for vibration and thermal noise control in closed-cycle cryostats","authors":"Shuo Yang ,&nbsp;Hejun Hui ,&nbsp;Yanyang Jiang ,&nbsp;Meng Guo ,&nbsp;Zhenhua Jiang ,&nbsp;Yinong Wu ,&nbsp;Shaoshuai Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.12.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.12.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Closed-cycle cryostats are widely employed in quantum precision measurement and superconducting quantum computing, where vibration and temperature stability critically affect performance. Gifford–McMahon (GM) cryocoolers, widely used as cold sources, suffer from low-frequency mechanical vibrations and cold head temperature fluctuations, which limit their applicability in precision experiments. To address this challenge, a helium gas heat-exchange chamber was proposed, fully enclosing the GM cold head to eliminate the rigid mechanical connection and enable heat transfer through helium. By employing helium as a non-rigid thermal transfer medium, the chamber enables efficient heat conduction while simultaneously attenuating vibration noise. In this study, the vibration isolation and thermal conduction characteristics of the helium gas heat exchange chamber were systematically investigated. Experimental results show that the chamber effectively isolates the 60 μm peak-to-peak vibration of the GM second-stage cold head, reducing the transmitted vibration to about 400 nm, while maintaining efficient thermal conduction. A minimum temperature of 3.4 K was achieved, with temperature fluctuations suppressed to 0.02 K. These results confirm the dual role of the helium gas heat exchange chamber in vibration isolation and thermal stabilization, providing valuable guidance for the design and optimization of low-vibration closed-cycle cryostats.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":"182 ","pages":"Pages 349-356"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145786744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental performance characterization of R-454B and R-410A in data center server rack mount cooling unit: Energy efficiency and environmental impact assessment","authors":"Türkan Üçok Erkek ,&nbsp;Mehmet Erkek ,&nbsp;Mehmet Bora Aydın ,&nbsp;Koray Gezer","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.12.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.12.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Data center cooling accounts for a substantial fraction of facility energy consumption, with environmental pressures driving the transition from high-GWP refrigerants to sustainable alternatives. However, rigorous experimental comparisons of next-generation refrigerants under realistic operational conditions remain limited, and existing benchmarking protocols often fail to account for ambient variability across test conditions. This study addresses these gaps by conducting a comprehensive experimental evaluation of an in-rack air-conditioning unit, comparing the conventional refrigerant R410A with the low-GWP alternative R454B (GWP = 466) across 24 tests spanning varied server loads and thermal conditions. The methodology integrates a transparent steady-state detection algorithm for time-series measurement processing, normalized Energy Efficiency Ratio (EER) calculations at fixed reference conditions to enable equitable cross-test comparison, and sensitivity analyses quantifying the influence of ambient and evaporator-side temperatures on system performance. Cooling capacity, raw and normalized EER, facility-level Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE), and Total Equivalent Warming Impact (TEWI) were derived for each refrigerant. Results demonstrate that R454B exhibits load-dependent performance advantages: under high-load conditions (9 kW), R454B achieved 38 % higher EER (∼5.8 vs. ∼4.2) and superior cooling capacity (13 kW vs. 9.5 kW median) compared to R410A, with reduced operational variability. However, under supply-air matched baseline conditions (16–20 °C), both refrigerants exhibited equivalent performance, confirming that R454B's efficiency gains emerge primarily under elevated thermal stress and higher refrigerant flow rates. PUE analysis showed equivalent facility-level efficiency, enabling R454B as a direct drop-in replacement. TEWI analysis revealed that indirect emissions dominate climate impact (&gt;90 %), establishing operational efficiency optimization as the primary environmental lever, with refrigerant selection providing secondary benefits through GWP reduction. These findings support the adoption of R454B in high-load data center environments, while the transparent methodological framework provides a reproducible benchmark for condition-aware refrigerant evaluation in mission-critical cooling systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":"182 ","pages":"Pages 469-481"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145836495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}