International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid最新文献

英文中文

Numerical investigation on flow characteristics and working performance in oil-injected sliding vane rotary compressors

IF 3.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid

Pub Date : 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.01.018

Yuande Dai , Huiyang Zhu , Giuseppe Bianchi , Sham Rane , Fanghua Ye

Oil is injected into Sliding Vane Rotary Compressors (SVRCs) for cooling, sealing and lubrication purposes. This paper presents numerical investigations on the oil-gas two-phase flow characteristics of the SVRC followed by studying the effects of the oil injection parameters on the compressor performance. The analytical grid generation methodology was employed to discretise the rotating and deforming rotor fluid domain. The Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model of the SVRC was developed and validated with experimental test data. The flow topology was analyzed to illustrate the flow and oil distribution features within the compressor. Moreover, the influence of the oil injection parameters (oil to gas ratio, oil injection angle, oil injection temperature and rotational speed) on the compressor performance were explored. The results show that the oil accumulates at the leading sides of the blades and then flows into the blade tip region, which helps to reduce the internal leakage. In the reference case, the compressor achieves the volumetric efficiency of 95.1 %, the adiabatic efficiency of 60.3 %, the exhaust temperature of 337.4 K and the specific power of 9.86 kW/(m³ min^-1). Furthermore, increasing oil to gas ratio leads to better cooling and sealing performance, but also results in higher specific power. Oil to gas mass ratio has higher sensitivity than oil injection temperature or angle. About 8° shift in oil injection angle results in 4.2 % decrease in specific power. The lubricating oil capacity should be increased accordingly to the increasing rotational speed.

{"title":"Numerical investigation on flow characteristics and working performance in oil-injected sliding vane rotary compressors","authors":"Yuande Dai , Huiyang Zhu , Giuseppe Bianchi , Sham Rane , Fanghua Ye","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.01.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.01.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Oil is injected into Sliding Vane Rotary Compressors (SVRCs) for cooling, sealing and lubrication purposes. This paper presents numerical investigations on the oil-gas two-phase flow characteristics of the SVRC followed by studying the effects of the oil injection parameters on the compressor performance. The analytical grid generation methodology was employed to discretise the rotating and deforming rotor fluid domain. The Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model of the SVRC was developed and validated with experimental test data. The flow topology was analyzed to illustrate the flow and oil distribution features within the compressor. Moreover, the influence of the oil injection parameters (oil to gas ratio, oil injection angle, oil injection temperature and rotational speed) on the compressor performance were explored. The results show that the oil accumulates at the leading sides of the blades and then flows into the blade tip region, which helps to reduce the internal leakage. In the reference case, the compressor achieves the volumetric efficiency of 95.1 %, the adiabatic efficiency of 60.3 %, the exhaust temperature of 337.4 K and the specific power of 9.86 kW/(m<sup>3</sup> min<sup>-1</sup>). Furthermore, increasing oil to gas ratio leads to better cooling and sealing performance, but also results in higher specific power. Oil to gas mass ratio has higher sensitivity than oil injection temperature or angle. About 8° shift in oil injection angle results in 4.2 % decrease in specific power. The lubricating oil capacity should be increased accordingly to the increasing rotational speed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":"171 ","pages":"Pages 202-216"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143149082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of freezing technologies on the quality of catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) fillets: Insights from protein properties and ice crystal analysis

IF 3.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid

Pub Date : 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.01.009

Huiyuan Jin , Yajin Zhang , Miao Shi , Tao Yin , Ru Liu , Youming Liu , Juan You

The effects of air freezing (AF), saline immersion freezing (SIF), composite immersion freezing (CIF), and liquid nitrogen spray freezing (LNSF) on the muscle quality, protein properties, and microstructure of catfish fillets were investigated. The results indicated that LNSF improved water retention of frozen catfish fillets, maintained hardness, reduced water migration, and exhibited lower fat oxidation and protein denaturation levels compared to other freezing methods. Ice crystals observations through polarizing light microscopy revealed that dendritic ice crystals between muscle fascicles grew vertically to the direction of the muscle fascicles. In contrast, ice crystals within the muscle fascicles grew parallel to them. The LNSF effectively reduced pore and ice crystal sizes, resulting in a denser muscle fiber structure. These findings suggested that LNSF effectively preserved the moisture and freshness of the samples and was the most energy-efficient method for maintaining the quality of catfish fillets compared to the other treatments.

{"title":"Impact of freezing technologies on the quality of catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) fillets: Insights from protein properties and ice crystal analysis","authors":"Huiyuan Jin , Yajin Zhang , Miao Shi , Tao Yin , Ru Liu , Youming Liu , Juan You","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.01.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.01.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The effects of air freezing (AF), saline immersion freezing (SIF), composite immersion freezing (CIF), and liquid nitrogen spray freezing (LNSF) on the muscle quality, protein properties, and microstructure of catfish fillets were investigated. The results indicated that LNSF improved water retention of frozen catfish fillets, maintained hardness, reduced water migration, and exhibited lower fat oxidation and protein denaturation levels compared to other freezing methods. Ice crystals observations through polarizing light microscopy revealed that dendritic ice crystals between muscle fascicles grew vertically to the direction of the muscle fascicles. In contrast, ice crystals within the muscle fascicles grew parallel to them. The LNSF effectively reduced pore and ice crystal sizes, resulting in a denser muscle fiber structure. These findings suggested that LNSF effectively preserved the moisture and freshness of the samples and was the most energy-efficient method for maintaining the quality of catfish fillets compared to the other treatments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":"173 ","pages":"Pages 44-54"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143420207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Numerical study on effects of wettability on performances of CO2 ejector

IF 3.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid

Pub Date : 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.01.015

Fang Liu , Wei Yang , Shuai Jia , Pengfei Li

Inner wall surface wettability could affect ejector performances, however, no-slip wall boundary conditions were mostly assumed in CO₂ ejector simulation studies. In this study, we introduced velocity slip boundary condition into the 3D heterogeneous mixture model for a two-phase CO₂ ejector, by using different apparent contact angle at the inner wall of mixing chamber, motive nozzle or diffuser. Numerical simulation results show that the inner wall wettability of mixing chamber and diffuser affects flow and mass transfer in a CO₂ ejector significantly, while the inner wall wettability of motive nozzle affects ejector performances very slightly. As apparent contact angle increases from 5° to 175°, resulting in the change of slip condition from negative slip to no-slip then to positive slip, velocity in mixing chamber increases, pressure in mixing chamber decreases, expansion angle after motive nozzle outlet decreases, thus backflow vortices become smaller then disappear. This leads to an increase in suction mass flow rate, and entrainment ratio can be enhanced over 15 %. Correlations between entrainment ratio and apparent contact angle at the wall of different parts in ejector were developed. As the wall wettability changes from hydrophilic to superhydrophobic, the variation trends of ejector performances are similar under different operating conditions with motive nozzle inlet in the supercritical, near-critical, and subcritical regions. This study is helpful to understand flow mechanisms inside the CO₂ ejector with different wall wettability, and provides a new approach to improve the performances of a two-phase CO₂ ejector by changing wall surface wettability.

{"title":"Numerical study on effects of wettability on performances of CO2 ejector","authors":"Fang Liu , Wei Yang , Shuai Jia , Pengfei Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.01.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.01.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Inner wall surface wettability could affect ejector performances, however, no-slip wall boundary conditions were mostly assumed in CO<sub>2</sub> ejector simulation studies. In this study, we introduced velocity slip boundary condition into the 3D heterogeneous mixture model for a two-phase CO<sub>2</sub> ejector, by using different apparent contact angle at the inner wall of mixing chamber, motive nozzle or diffuser. Numerical simulation results show that the inner wall wettability of mixing chamber and diffuser affects flow and mass transfer in a CO<sub>2</sub> ejector significantly, while the inner wall wettability of motive nozzle affects ejector performances very slightly. As apparent contact angle increases from 5° to 175°, resulting in the change of slip condition from negative slip to no-slip then to positive slip, velocity in mixing chamber increases, pressure in mixing chamber decreases, expansion angle after motive nozzle outlet decreases, thus backflow vortices become smaller then disappear. This leads to an increase in suction mass flow rate, and entrainment ratio can be enhanced over 15 %. Correlations between entrainment ratio and apparent contact angle at the wall of different parts in ejector were developed. As the wall wettability changes from hydrophilic to superhydrophobic, the variation trends of ejector performances are similar under different operating conditions with motive nozzle inlet in the supercritical, near-critical, and subcritical regions. This study is helpful to understand flow mechanisms inside the CO<sub>2</sub> ejector with different wall wettability, and provides a new approach to improve the performances of a two-phase CO<sub>2</sub> ejector by changing wall surface wettability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":"171 ","pages":"Pages 267-283"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143149126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experimental retrofit of an R404A/R23 ultra-low temperature freezer using R448A and electronic expansion valves

IF 3.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid

Pub Date : 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.01.017

Pau Giménez-Prades, Joaquín Navarro-Esbrí, Cosmin-Mihai Udroiu, Adrián Mota-Babiloni

The lack of regulations that limit the GWP of refrigerants operating in vapour compression systems with a target temperature below –50°C has caused slower market development. Therefore, limited refrigerants and technologies for ultra-low temperature (ULT) refrigeration have been studied. In this work, an experimental assessment of R448A as a lower-GWP alternative to R404A in the high-temperature stage of a ULT two-stage cascade refrigeration system is done using R23 as the low-temperature stage refrigerant. Furthermore, capillary tubes and electronic expansion valves are compared as expansion devices. First, the pull-down performance starting from three room temperatures (15, 20, and 25°C) down to –80°C is analysed. Then, the hysteresis operation with those ambient temperatures and set freezer temperatures of –80, –70, –60, and –50°C is studied. The pull-down time was higher (38 to 55 min slower) using the capillary tubes compared to the electronic expansion valves. Also, the energy consumption of the hysteresis operation was higher (up to 32.3% higher) using the capillary tubes. The electronic expansion valves obtained comparable energy consumption and cooling capacity with R404A/R23 and R448A/R23. The highest COP is achieved by R448A/R23 (up to 10.2% higher than R404A/R23). Therefore, the suitability of R448A as a replacement for R404A in ULT refrigeration is confirmed.

{"title":"Experimental retrofit of an R404A/R23 ultra-low temperature freezer using R448A and electronic expansion valves","authors":"Pau Giménez-Prades, Joaquín Navarro-Esbrí, Cosmin-Mihai Udroiu, Adrián Mota-Babiloni","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.01.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.01.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The lack of regulations that limit the GWP of refrigerants operating in vapour compression systems with a target temperature below –50°C has caused slower market development. Therefore, limited refrigerants and technologies for ultra-low temperature (ULT) refrigeration have been studied. In this work, an experimental assessment of R448A as a lower-GWP alternative to R404A in the high-temperature stage of a ULT two-stage cascade refrigeration system is done using R23 as the low-temperature stage refrigerant. Furthermore, capillary tubes and electronic expansion valves are compared as expansion devices. First, the pull-down performance starting from three room temperatures (15, 20, and 25°C) down to –80°C is analysed. Then, the hysteresis operation with those ambient temperatures and set freezer temperatures of –80, –70, –60, and –50°C is studied. The pull-down time was higher (38 to 55 min slower) using the capillary tubes compared to the electronic expansion valves. Also, the energy consumption of the hysteresis operation was higher (up to 32.3% higher) using the capillary tubes. The electronic expansion valves obtained comparable energy consumption and cooling capacity with R404A/R23 and R448A/R23. The highest COP is achieved by R448A/R23 (up to 10.2% higher than R404A/R23). Therefore, the suitability of R448A as a replacement for R404A in ULT refrigeration is confirmed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":"171 ","pages":"Pages 217-227"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143149081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cryoprotective potential of vegetable powders and polydextrose in frozen bread doughs

IF 3.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid

Pub Date : 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.01.010

Diana Jessica Souza Guimarães, Rafael Audino Zambelli, Marcos Rodrigues Amorim Afonso, Dorasílvia Ferreira Pontes

This study investigates the impact of adding vegetable powders (tomato, broccoli, and açaí) and polydextrose on the quality of bread made from doughs frozen for up to 60 days. Analyses included yeast cell viability, dough expansion factor, bread's specific volume, instrumental texture, and scanning electron microscopy. Freezing significantly alters gluten structure and yeast cell viability. Control bread showed an 88 % reduction in viable yeast cells after 60 days of frozen storage, whereas bread supplemented with vegetable powders exhibited a maximum reduction of 74 %. The best results were obtained with the addition of 10 % açaí powder and 5 % polydextrose, with only a 48 % reduction in viable cells after 60 days. The fermentative capacity of frozen doughs declined by approximately 30–50 %, leading to denser, less uniform bread texture. Control doughs showed a 67 % reduction in expansion capacity. Dough formulations with polydextrose and vegetable powders initially demonstrated enhanced characteristics, with specific volume increased and softness retained up to 30 % more than in control samples. Although all formulations experienced changes after extended frozen storage, those supplemented with vegetable powders and polydextrose showed less damage to both the gluten and starch networks, preserving a smoother internal crumb structure. After 60 days, control doughs exhibited irregular holes in the gluten network, while doughs containing these ingredients displayed fewer structural disruptions. This study confirms the cryoprotective potential of vegetable powders and polydextrose in improving the shelf life and textural quality of breads from frozen doughs.

{"title":"Cryoprotective potential of vegetable powders and polydextrose in frozen bread doughs","authors":"Diana Jessica Souza Guimarães, Rafael Audino Zambelli, Marcos Rodrigues Amorim Afonso, Dorasílvia Ferreira Pontes","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.01.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.01.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the impact of adding vegetable powders (tomato, broccoli, and açaí) and polydextrose on the quality of bread made from doughs frozen for up to 60 days. Analyses included yeast cell viability, dough expansion factor, bread's specific volume, instrumental texture, and scanning electron microscopy. Freezing significantly alters gluten structure and yeast cell viability. Control bread showed an 88 % reduction in viable yeast cells after 60 days of frozen storage, whereas bread supplemented with vegetable powders exhibited a maximum reduction of 74 %. The best results were obtained with the addition of 10 % açaí powder and 5 % polydextrose, with only a 48 % reduction in viable cells after 60 days. The fermentative capacity of frozen doughs declined by approximately 30–50 %, leading to denser, less uniform bread texture. Control doughs showed a 67 % reduction in expansion capacity. Dough formulations with polydextrose and vegetable powders initially demonstrated enhanced characteristics, with specific volume increased and softness retained up to 30 % more than in control samples. Although all formulations experienced changes after extended frozen storage, those supplemented with vegetable powders and polydextrose showed less damage to both the gluten and starch networks, preserving a smoother internal crumb structure. After 60 days, control doughs exhibited irregular holes in the gluten network, while doughs containing these ingredients displayed fewer structural disruptions. This study confirms the cryoprotective potential of vegetable powders and polydextrose in improving the shelf life and textural quality of breads from frozen doughs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":"172 ","pages":"Pages 108-119"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143175228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fault diagnosis in split-system air conditioner by analyzing the chaos in the electrical current signal

IF 3.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid

Pub Date : 2025-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.01.011

Anderson Carlos de Oliveira , Abel Cavalcante Lima Filho , Julio Cesar da Silva , Francisco Antonio Belo , Alisson Vasconcelos de Brito , Jorge Gabriel Gomes de Souza Ramos

Computational technological advances for data processing have increasingly contributed to the evolution of predictive techniques for fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) of motors and machines. As a novelty, this article presents the application of the Signal Analysis based on Chaos using Density of Maxima (SAC-DM) technique in split-system air conditioner equipment to diagnose the occurrence of faults. To this end, a short-term acquisition of the electrical signal at the equipment input was carried out in a non-invasive way, subsequently, the proposed technique is used for diagnosing compressor capacitor degradation and incrustation in the condenser and evaporator units at different blocking levels. The results prove a better accuracy compared to the Fast Fourier transform (FFT), making it possible to detect and diagnose air conditioner faults, with an accuracy of 100 % for FDD of single faults, 96.55 % for detection and 82.76 % for diagnosis of dual faults. In addition, the technique demands only short-term data acquisition and a single experiment to detect and diagnose the faults.

{"title":"Fault diagnosis in split-system air conditioner by analyzing the chaos in the electrical current signal","authors":"Anderson Carlos de Oliveira , Abel Cavalcante Lima Filho , Julio Cesar da Silva , Francisco Antonio Belo , Alisson Vasconcelos de Brito , Jorge Gabriel Gomes de Souza Ramos","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.01.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.01.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Computational technological advances for data processing have increasingly contributed to the evolution of predictive techniques for fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) of motors and machines. As a novelty, this article presents the application of the Signal Analysis based on Chaos using Density of Maxima (SAC-DM) technique in split-system air conditioner equipment to diagnose the occurrence of faults. To this end, a short-term acquisition of the electrical signal at the equipment input was carried out in a non-invasive way, subsequently, the proposed technique is used for diagnosing compressor capacitor degradation and incrustation in the condenser and evaporator units at different blocking levels. The results prove a better accuracy compared to the Fast Fourier transform (FFT), making it possible to detect and diagnose air conditioner faults, with an accuracy of 100 % for FDD of single faults, 96.55 % for detection and 82.76 % for diagnosis of dual faults. In addition, the technique demands only short-term data acquisition and a single experiment to detect and diagnose the faults.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":"172 ","pages":"Pages 228-239"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143372712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Step piston linear compressor for step piston type pulse tube refrigerator

IF 3.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid

Pub Date : 2025-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.01.012

Sheng Xu, Chenguang Wang, Yuanjian Li, Haibin Dai, Zhifei Liu, Shaowei Zhu

The step piston type pulse tube refrigerator is a new power recovery type pulse tube refrigerator, requiring a novel component: the step piston linear compressor. Compared with the general linear compressor, the step piston linear compressor features a step-shaped piston and cylinder, forming compression chamber and expansion chamber with the same volume change phase. This paper proposes the development for the step piston linear compressor, describing the detail design of the step piston, linear motor, and spring. Its feasibility was verified through experiments with the step piston type pulse tube refrigerator. The results demonstrated a maximum input electrical power of 792 W and a maximum cooling power of 140 W.

引用次数: 0

Density and surface tension of water + ethylene glycol mixtures as key components of heat transfer liquids

IF 3.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid

Pub Date : 2025-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.01.004

Václav Vinš, Monika Součková, Olga Prokopová, Miroslav Čenský, Jan Hrubý, Aleš Blahut

Mixtures of water and ethylene glycol form the basis of many important heat transfer fluids widely used in refrigeration, automotive and other thermal management applications. In this work, new accurate density and surface tension experimental data at 0.1 MPa for water + ethylene glycol mixtures were obtained over the entire composition range. Complementary experimental techniques were employed, including the vibrating tube densimeter and the single sinker buoyancy method for the density and the Wilhelmy plate method and the capillary rise technique for the surface tension. By using unique experimental apparatus of own design, the surface tension of the binary mixture was measured for the first time also at temperatures below the equilibrium freezing point, i.e. under the supercooled metastable state. The temperature trend of water + ethylene glycol surface tension does not indicate any anomaly down to 243 K on the contrary to pure water (Vinš et al., 2020, J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 11, 4443). Based on new measurements and literature data, new correlations were developed for density and surface tension both for pure ethylene glycol and the water + ethylene glycol mixture. The Rackett-type correlation represents the saturated liquid density in the temperature range from 260 K up to the critical point of 719 K. A modified Redlich–Kister correlation of the excess molar volume can be used for the calculation of mixture density over the full composition range at temperatures from 240 K to 380 K. A new correlation has been developed for the surface tension of pure ethylene glycol by considering the universal critical exponent

μ = 1.26

, guaranteeing physically correct temperature trend in the vicinity of the critical point. The models by Connors and Wright (1989, Anal. Chem. 61, 194) and Wang et al. (2011, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 50, 4086) were slightly readjusted and found to give comparably good predictions for the surface tension of water + ethylene glycol mixture.

{"title":"Density and surface tension of water + ethylene glycol mixtures as key components of heat transfer liquids","authors":"Václav Vinš, Monika Součková, Olga Prokopová, Miroslav Čenský, Jan Hrubý, Aleš Blahut","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.01.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.01.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mixtures of water and ethylene glycol form the basis of many important heat transfer fluids widely used in refrigeration, automotive and other thermal management applications. In this work, new accurate density and surface tension experimental data at 0.1MPa for water + ethylene glycol mixtures were obtained over the entire composition range. Complementary experimental techniques were employed, including the vibrating tube densimeter and the single sinker buoyancy method for the density and the Wilhelmy plate method and the capillary rise technique for the surface tension. By using unique experimental apparatus of own design, the surface tension of the binary mixture was measured for the first time also at temperatures below the equilibrium freezing point, i.e. under the supercooled metastable state. The temperature trend of water + ethylene glycol surface tension does not indicate any anomaly down to 243K on the contrary to pure water (Vinš et al., 2020, J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 11, 4443). Based on new measurements and literature data, new correlations were developed for density and surface tension both for pure ethylene glycol and the water + ethylene glycol mixture. The Rackett-type correlation represents the saturated liquid density in the temperature range from 260K up to the critical point of 719K. A modified Redlich–Kister correlation of the excess molar volume can be used for the calculation of mixture density over the full composition range at temperatures from 240K to 380K. A new correlation has been developed for the surface tension of pure ethylene glycol by considering the universal critical exponent <span><math><mrow><mi>μ</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>26</mn></mrow></math></span>, guaranteeing physically correct temperature trend in the vicinity of the critical point. The models by Connors and Wright (1989, Anal. Chem. 61, 194) and Wang et al. (2011, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 50, 4086) were slightly readjusted and found to give comparably good predictions for the surface tension of water + ethylene glycol mixture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":"171 ","pages":"Pages 191-201"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143149083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experimental study of an efficient low-temperature thermoacoustic Stirling heat pump

IF 3.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid

Pub Date : 2025-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.01.005

Guang Teng , Longran Dai , Riying Wang , Jianying Hu , Zhanghua Wu , Limin Zhang , Ercang Luo

Heat pump technology has the potential to significantly reduce the energy consumption and environmental pollution caused by coal-fired and gas-fired heating systems. However, conventional heat pump systems often struggle to operate in low-temperature environments, posing a challenge in meeting the heating demands of cold regions. In light of the wide range of available temperatures offered by thermoacoustic Stirling heat pump technology, this study designed and tested an electrically-driven free-piston Stirling heat pump for building heating. In experimental trials, the prototype demonstrated promising performance. When circulating water is heated from 41 °C to 46 °C, the overall coefficient of performance reaches 1.78 at an ambient temperature of -28 °C. Notably, the relative Carnot efficiency increases as the ambient temperature decreases or the heating temperature rises, standing in stark contrast to the behavior of the vapor compression heat pump cycle. Even at an ambient temperature as low as -40 °C, the heat pump operates reliably, achieving a coefficient of performance of 1.57. These experimental performances show a promising prospect for building heating in severe cold regions.

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引用次数: 0

Thermodynamic properties and corrosivity of water+ imidazolium-based ionic liquids as new working pairs for absorption heat transformer cycle

IF 3.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid

Pub Date : 2025-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.01.006

Yanlong Lv , Yutong Gong , Feng Liu , Yuhao Wang , Yunze Hao , Jiyuan Zhou , Jun Sui

Imidazolium-based ionic liquids exhibit significant potential as working fluids in absorption heat transformers, owing to their superior solubility and thermal stability. In this study, the corrosion rates of nine imidazolium-based ionic liquids, with mass concentrations ranging from 30 % to 70 %, were systematically evaluated. Based on these corrosion rate evaluations, further thermodynamic assessments were conducted on four key working pairs, namely [EMIM][MeSO₃]+H₂O, [EMIM][Ac]+H₂O, [EMIM]Cl+H₂O, and [EMIM][DEP]+H₂O, involving parameters including density, viscosity, specific heat capacity, and thermal stability. Polynomial fitting was applied using the least squares method. The results showed that the density, viscosity and specific heat capacity of these four working pairs were in the range of 0.98–1.18 g cm⁻³, 0.5–15.5 mPa·s and 2.3–4.0 J·g⁻¹· °C⁻¹, respectively. Furthermore, all four ILs presented a significant thermal stability below 250 °C, further confirming their suitability for heat pump technology. Among these four working pairs, both [EMIM][MeSO₃]+H₂O and [EMIM]Cl+H₂O exhibited lower viscosities and specific heat capacities. However, it should be noted that [EMIM][MeSO₃]+H₂O demonstrated a substantially higher corrosion rate (reaching up to 734.84 μm y⁻¹), making [EMIM]Cl+H₂O the preferable option for most absorption transformers. This study establishes an experimental basis for the feasibility of the application of ionic liquids in absorption heat transformer cycle and provides data to support the selection of cleaning working pairs.

{"title":"Thermodynamic properties and corrosivity of water+ imidazolium-based ionic liquids as new working pairs for absorption heat transformer cycle","authors":"Yanlong Lv , Yutong Gong , Feng Liu , Yuhao Wang , Yunze Hao , Jiyuan Zhou , Jun Sui","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.01.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.01.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Imidazolium-based ionic liquids exhibit significant potential as working fluids in absorption heat transformers, owing to their superior solubility and thermal stability. In this study, the corrosion rates of nine imidazolium-based ionic liquids, with mass concentrations ranging from 30 % to 70 %, were systematically evaluated. Based on these corrosion rate evaluations, further thermodynamic assessments were conducted on four key working pairs, namely [EMIM][MeSO<sub>3</sub>]+H<sub>2</sub>O, [EMIM][Ac]+H<sub>2</sub>O, [EMIM]Cl+H<sub>2</sub>O, and [EMIM][DEP]+H<sub>2</sub>O, involving parameters including density, viscosity, specific heat capacity, and thermal stability. Polynomial fitting was applied using the least squares method. The results showed that the density, viscosity and specific heat capacity of these four working pairs were in the range of 0.98–1.18 g cm<sup>−3</sup>, 0.5–15.5 mPa·s and 2.3–4.0 J·g<sup>−1</sup>· °C<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. Furthermore, all four ILs presented a significant thermal stability below 250 °C, further confirming their suitability for heat pump technology. Among these four working pairs, both [EMIM][MeSO<sub>3</sub>]+H<sub>2</sub>O and [EMIM]Cl+H<sub>2</sub>O exhibited lower viscosities and specific heat capacities. However, it should be noted that [EMIM][MeSO<sub>3</sub>]+H<sub>2</sub>O demonstrated a substantially higher corrosion rate (reaching up to 734.84 μm y<sup>−1</sup>), making [EMIM]Cl+H<sub>2</sub>O the preferable option for most absorption transformers. This study establishes an experimental basis for the feasibility of the application of ionic liquids in absorption heat transformer cycle and provides data to support the selection of cleaning working pairs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":"171 ","pages":"Pages 165-179"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143149682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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