International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid最新文献_第6页

Experimental investigation of a vapor compression refrigeration system integrated with thermoelectric generators for enhanced energy recovery 结合热电发电机的蒸汽压缩制冷系统提高能量回收的实验研究

IF 3.8 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid

Pub Date : 2025-12-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.12.033

Ali M. Ashour , Saif Ali Kadhim , Osama B. Ahmed , Walid Aich , Kaouther Ghachem , Farhan Lafta Rashid , Karrar A. Hammoodi

Energy efficiency and waste heat recovery have become crucial challenges in refrigeration technology, especially with the increasing demand for sustainable and environmentally friendly cooling systems. In this paper, a hybrid thermoelectric generator system and vapor compression refrigeration, operated with R600a refrigerant, are analyzed with respect to utilizing waste heat sources as a means of generating electric power and enhancing the system’s efficacy. The experimental setup consists of a conventional vapor compression refrigeration cycle combined with thermoelectric generator modules between an aluminum cooling block. The experimental setup includes varying cooling water rates, ranging from 0.5 to 3.0 L/min, and condenser temperatures of 35 °C, 40 °C, and 45 °C to examine the influence of operating conditions on both thermal and electrical performance. The findings reveal that increasing water flow dramatically enhances cold-side heat transfer, resulting in a 40 °C temperature difference across the TEG, measured at a 45 °C condenser temperature, compared to 22.5 °C. Therefore, the electrical power output fluctuates from 0.05 W to 1.05 W, and the TEG efficiency reaches up to 2.2%, which is comparable to the best commercially available bismuth-telluride modules. The compressor pressure ratio and discharge temperature are reduced by 10% and 5 °C, respectively, which increases the system’s COP improvement to 7.9% and approximately 8% of total energy recovery. These findings confirm the thermodynamic benefit of TEG integration functioning as a desuperheating system for simultaneous cooling, power generation, and energy recovery.

能源效率和余热回收已成为制冷技术的关键挑战，特别是随着对可持续和环境友好型制冷系统的需求不断增加。本文分析了以R600a制冷剂运行的混合热电发电系统和蒸汽压缩制冷系统利用余热发电和提高系统效率的问题。实验装置包括一个传统的蒸汽压缩制冷循环，并结合铝冷却块之间的热电发生器模块。实验设置包括不同的冷却水速率，范围从0.5到3.0升/分钟，冷凝器温度为35°C， 40°C和45°C，以检查操作条件对热和电气性能的影响。研究结果表明，水流量的增加显著增强了冷侧传热，导致TEG的温差为40°C，在45°C的冷凝器温度下测量，而在22.5°C的冷凝器温度下测量。因此，电功率输出在0.05 W到1.05 W之间波动，TEG效率高达2.2%，与目前市面上最好的碲化铋组件相当。压缩机压比和排气温度分别降低10%和5℃，使系统的COP提高到7.9%，约占总能量回收率的8%。这些发现证实了TEG集成作为同时冷却、发电和能量回收的降温系统的热力学效益。

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引用次数: 0

Cooling performance optimization of tubular elastocaloric regenerators via thermo-fluid-mechanical coupled numerical modeling and simulations 基于热-流-力耦合数值模拟与仿真的管式弹性热蓄热器冷却性能优化

IF 3.8 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid

Pub Date : 2025-12-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.12.031

Wenzhang Chen, Qiuhong Wang, Yifan Li, Hao Yin

The elastocaloric refrigeration, utilizing the elastocaloric effect of NiTi shape memory alloys (SMA), presents a promising environmentally sustainable alternative to the traditional vapor compression refrigeration. Optimizing system performance is crucial for maximizing efficiency but hindered by experimental complexity. This study addresses the challenge by developing an experimentally validated, generalizable thermo-fluid-mechanical coupling numerical model and an accompanying optimization framework. Systematic simulations are performed to investigate the coupled influence of operating frequency, heat transfer fluid velocity, temperature span, and fluid channel thickness on specific cooling power (SCP). Results demonstrate a non-monotonic dependence of SCP on both frequency and fluid velocity across different temperature spans and fluid channel thicknesses, revealing an optimal combination that maximizes SCP by balancing heat transfer and heat-regeneration efficiency. Additionally, this work introduces the normalized specific cooling power (NSCP) and then presents non-dimensional design principles for refrigeration systems that simultaneously incorporate thickness and temperature span through the optimization approach. The approach offers a novel and efficient (200 times faster) paradigm for designing and optimizing high-performance elastocaloric refrigeration systems with diverse refrigerants and system configurations, and successfully achieving a predicted NSCP that is at least 3 times higher than the existing experimental measurements.

弹性热制冷利用了NiTi形状记忆合金（SMA）的弹性热效应，是传统蒸汽压缩制冷的一种有前景的环保可持续替代方案。优化系统性能是实现效率最大化的关键，但却受到实验复杂性的阻碍。本研究通过开发一个实验验证的、可推广的热-流体-机械耦合数值模型和相应的优化框架来解决这一挑战。通过系统仿真研究了工作频率、传热流体速度、温度跨度和流体通道厚度对比冷却功率（SCP）的耦合影响。结果表明，在不同的温度跨度和流体通道厚度上，SCP与频率和流体速度都有非单调的关系，揭示了通过平衡传热和热再生效率来最大化SCP的最佳组合。此外，本工作引入了归一化比冷却功率（NSCP），然后通过优化方法提出了同时考虑厚度和温度跨度的制冷系统的无因次设计原则。该方法为设计和优化具有不同制冷剂和系统配置的高性能弹性热制冷系统提供了一种新颖高效（速度快200倍）的范例，并成功实现了至少比现有实验测量高3倍的预测NSCP。

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引用次数: 0

Heat-driven thermoacoustic cooling technologies: A comprehensive review and future prospects for hot climate applications 热驱动热声冷却技术：热气候应用综述及未来展望

IF 3.8 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid

Pub Date : 2025-12-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.12.030

Irna Farikhah, Ammar M. Bahman

The escalating demand for cooling in hot climate regions, driven by rising global temperatures and rapid urbanization, underscores the urgent need for sustainable and efficient refrigeration technologies. Conventional vapor-compression systems, reliant on electricity and high-global-warming-potential refrigerants, are ill-suited for off-grid and high-ambient-temperature environments. Heat-driven thermoacoustic cooler (HDTCs) present a promising alternative, leveraging thermal energy from solar, waste, or combustion heat to generate acoustic waves that produce a refrigeration effect without moving parts or harmful refrigerants. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of recent advancements in HDTC technology, with a specific emphasis on their potential for hot-climate applications. It synthesizes progress in system design—from standing-wave to advanced multi-stage traveling-wave configurations—scaling, and the optimization of stack materials and geometries. The paper further explores technological applications across cryogenics, LNG, industry, buildings, and transportation, with a dedicated focus on hot-climate technologies such as off-grid cooling, desalination, and solar integration. Despite significant achievements, including coefficients of performance (COP) exceeding 3.0 in simulations and experimental exergy efficiencies up to 21%, a persistent gap remains between theoretical predictions and practical performance. Key challenges such as acoustic losses, phase mismatch, and material limitations are discussed, alongside future research directions aimed at enhancing efficiency, scalability, and reliability. The review concludes that HDTCs are poised for practical deployment and can become a cornerstone for sustainable, grid-resilient cooling in hot-climate regions, pending further research to bridge the performance gap and optimize real-world operation.

在全球气温上升和快速城市化的推动下，炎热气候地区对制冷的需求不断增加，这凸显了对可持续和高效制冷技术的迫切需求。传统的蒸汽压缩系统依赖于电力和高全球变暖潜势的制冷剂，不适合离网和高温环境。热驱动热声冷却器（hdtc）是一种很有前途的替代方案，它利用太阳能、废物或燃烧热产生的热能来产生声波，从而产生制冷效果，而不需要移动部件或有害制冷剂。本文综述了HDTC技术的最新进展，特别强调了它们在热气候应用中的潜力。它综合了系统设计的进展-从驻波到先进的多级行波配置-缩放，以及堆栈材料和几何形状的优化。本文进一步探讨了低温、液化天然气、工业、建筑和交通运输等领域的技术应用，重点关注热气候技术，如离网冷却、海水淡化和太阳能集成。尽管取得了重大成就，包括模拟的性能系数（COP）超过3.0，实验的火用效率高达21%，但理论预测与实际性能之间仍然存在持续的差距。讨论了诸如声损失、相位失配和材料限制等关键挑战，以及旨在提高效率、可扩展性和可靠性的未来研究方向。该综述的结论是，hdtc已经做好了实际部署的准备，可以成为炎热气候地区可持续、电网弹性制冷的基石，有待进一步研究以弥合性能差距并优化实际运行。

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引用次数: 0

Multi-objective optimization of a SWaP-refined miniature Stirling cryocooler using an integrated ANN-Genetic algorithm-based decision-making approach 基于集成神经网络-遗传算法的swap精细化微型斯特林制冷机多目标优化决策方法

IF 3.8 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid

Pub Date : 2025-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.12.029

Muhammad Shad, Xiaoqing Zhang

Miniature Stirling cryocoolers are vital for modern high-temperature Infrared (IR) detectors due to their precise cooling and SWaP (Size, Weight, and Power) compliance. This study proposes an integrated ANN-based multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA) optimization model with technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) decision-making approach to optimize the coefficient of performance (COP) and work input (W_input) of a SWaP-refined Stirling cryocooler. According to the 2nd-order semi-adiabatic thermodynamics model (SATM) analysis, the design parameters, including motor rotational speed (RPM), phase angle between the piston and displacer (ϕ), working fluid initial charging pressure (P_o), cooling temperature (T_e), and piston stoke (X_p), have a significant impact on the COP and W_input of the SWaP-refined cryocooler, and therefore, optimization is required. Using a dataset from the SATM model based on SWaP constraints, a MOGA integrated with an ANN-trained model is applied to optimize these design parameters for the maximum COP and minimum W_input. A 100 optimized solutions were generated using the MOGA Pareto front, with the best optimized solution identified through the TOPSIS decision-making approach. At the TOPSIS closeness coefficient of C_i = 0.741, the relative errors between the ANN-MOGA results and the semi-adiabatic thermodynamic model are 2.9% for COP and 5% for W_input. With overall prediction errors less than 5%, the proposed integrated ANN-based MOGA optimization model offers an efficient and reliable approach for optimizing the design parameters and performance of SWaP-configured miniature Stirling cryocoolers.

微型斯特林制冷机由于其精确的冷却和SWaP（尺寸，重量和功率）合规性，对于现代高温红外（IR）探测器至关重要。提出了一种基于人工神经网络的多目标遗传算法（MOGA）优化模型，并结合TOPSIS （order preference by similarity to ideal solution）决策方法对swap改进的斯特林制冷机的性能系数（COP）和功输入（Winput）进行优化。根据二阶半绝热热力学模型（SATM）分析，电机转速（RPM）、活塞与置换器相位角（φ）、工作流体初始增压压力（Po）、冷却温度（Te）、活塞行程（Xp）等设计参数对swap精馏制冷机的COP和Winput有较大影响，需要对其进行优化。利用基于SWaP约束的SATM模型数据集，将MOGA与人工神经网络训练模型相结合，对这些设计参数进行优化，以获得最大COP和最小Winput。利用MOGA Pareto前沿生成了100个优化方案，并通过TOPSIS决策方法确定了最佳优化方案。在TOPSIS接近系数Ci = 0.741时，COP和Winput的ANN-MOGA结果与半绝热热力学模型的相对误差分别为2.9%和5%。该模型总体预测误差小于5%，为swap配置的微型斯特林制冷机的设计参数和性能优化提供了一种高效可靠的方法。

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引用次数: 0

Concept of Integrating Air Conditioning System with Thermoelectric Units and Double-Pipe Heat Exchanger for Efficient Waste Heat Utilization: An Experimental study 热电机组与双管换热器一体化空调系统余热高效利用的实验研究

IF 3.8 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid

Pub Date : 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.12.026

B. Manoj, U.C. Arunachala, H.S. Arunkumar

In the vapor compression air conditioning system, a notable amount of heat dissipation is obvious. The condenser plays a critical role in maintaining the refrigerant phase prior to the expansion valve. Previous studies have primarily focused on recovering waste heat through conventional thermal routes. However, in automobiles and other allied fields, in addition to process heat, direct energy conversion techniques are also in practice. Hence, the present experimental study is an attempt to demonstrate the implementation of both electrical and thermal routes to extract waste heat to the maximum possible extent from the air conditioning system. For this exercise, Coolselector software was used to fetch the operating conditions, (including tonnages of 1.5 TR, 3.0 TR, and 4.5 TR) and later, the entire operations were simulated. The thermoelectric generator (TEG) array produced a decent level of electrical power with negligible drop in process fluid temperature. In the double pipe heat exchanger (DPHX), the secondary side could extract a good amount of heat. Hence to identify the best-case, exergy analysis was done separately for the TEG and the DPHX, in that the 3.0 TR case identified as the best. Further, to enhance system performance, inserts were used in the DPHX, resulting in 26% and 46% improvement in effectiveness for louvered tape and twisted tape configurations, respectively. Even condenser length optimization was carried out to understand the influence of various heat transfer augmentation techniques. Though this approach is still in the pre-mature stage, appropriate design of condensers, heat spreaders, and heat exchangers can yield remarkable results.

在蒸汽压缩空调系统中，显著的散热量是显而易见的。冷凝器在维持膨胀阀之前的制冷剂相位方面起着关键作用。以前的研究主要集中在通过传统的热途径回收废热。然而，在汽车和其他相关领域，除了过程热，直接能量转换技术也在实践中。因此，目前的实验研究是试图证明电气和热途径的实施，以最大限度地从空调系统中提取废热。本次作业使用Coolselector软件获取作业条件（包括1.5 TR、3.0 TR和4.5 TR的吨位），然后对整个作业进行模拟。热电发电机（TEG）阵列产生了相当水平的电力，而过程流体温度的下降可以忽略不计。在双管换热器（DPHX）中，二次侧可以提取出大量的热量。因此，为了确定最佳情况，分别对TEG和DPHX进行了能量分析，其中3.0 TR情况被确定为最佳情况。此外，为了提高系统性能，在DPHX中使用了插入件，百叶窗带和扭曲带配置的效率分别提高了26%和46%。通过对冷凝器长度进行优化，了解各种增热技术对冷凝器长度的影响。虽然这种方法还处于初级阶段，但适当设计冷凝器、散热器和热交换器可以产生显着的效果。

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引用次数: 0

Ignition hazard due to air infiltration in refrigeration systems working with flammable refrigerants 在使用可燃制冷剂的制冷系统中，由于空气渗透引起的点火危险

IF 3.8 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid

Pub Date : 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.12.028

Lukas Prakopavičius, Liutauras Vaitkus

With the implementation of the revised EU F-gas Regulation and the proposed PFAS restrictions currently under consideration, the wider use of flammable refrigerants is expected in the near future. During refrigeration system operation, pressures below atmospheric may occur in the evaporator, particularly in low-temperature applications and during transient operating modes such as pump-down. This operating condition is commonly regarded as undesirable due to the potential ignition hazard caused by air infiltration. Previous studies have shown that, under specific conditions, autoignition of oil–refrigerant–air mixtures may occur, leading to so-called diesel-type combustion. This article presents a case study of a eutectic refrigeration system used in transport refrigeration to assess whether ignition conditions can arise during operation and to identify effective risk mitigation measures. The formation of flammable mixtures on both the low- and high-pressure sides of the system is examined. Theoretical analysis indicates that conventional low- and high-pressure safety switches prevent the formation of a combustible mixture during compression provided that the air infiltration hole diameter is below 1.4 mm. However, preventing the formation of flammable mixtures on the high-pressure side requires an additional safety system capable of detecting non-condensable gas infiltration. A method for selecting the parameters of such a system is proposed. Experimental results demonstrate that liquid subcooling in the condenser provides a rapid and reliable indication of non-condensable gas infiltration and can be used for this purpose. This work aims to support the safe application of flammable refrigerants in low-temperature refrigeration systems.

随着经修订的欧盟含氟气体规例的实施，以及目前正在考虑的PFAS限制建议，预计在不久的将来，可燃制冷剂将得到更广泛的使用。在制冷系统运行期间，蒸发器中可能出现低于大气的压力，特别是在低温应用和瞬态运行模式（如泵降）期间。这种操作条件通常被认为是不可取的，因为空气渗透会引起潜在的点火危险。以前的研究表明，在特定条件下，油-制冷剂-空气混合物可能发生自燃，导致所谓的柴油型燃烧。本文介绍了一个用于运输制冷的共晶制冷系统的案例研究，以评估在运行过程中是否会出现点火情况，并确定有效的风险缓解措施。研究了系统低压侧和高压侧可燃混合物的形成情况。理论分析表明，在空气渗透孔直径小于1.4 mm的条件下，传统的低压和高压安全开关在压缩过程中可以防止可燃混合物的形成。然而，防止高压侧可燃混合物的形成需要一个额外的安全系统，能够检测不凝气体的渗透。提出了一种选择该系统参数的方法。实验结果表明，凝汽器中的液体过冷可以快速可靠地指示不凝性气体的渗透，可以用于此目的。这项工作旨在支持易燃制冷剂在低温制冷系统中的安全应用。

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引用次数: 0

Experimental investigation of system orientation effects in the two-stage gas-coupled Stirling/pulse tube hybrid cryocooler 两级气体耦合斯特林/脉冲管混合制冷机系统取向效应的实验研究

IF 3.8 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid

Pub Date : 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.12.027

Weiye Yang , Xiaoyu Cui , Wang Yin , Zhenyao Chen , Zhenhua Jiang , Yinong Wu , Shaoshuai Liu

Current deep space exploration requires an increasingly urgent demand for cryogenic environments. Hybrid cryocoolers, as a new refrigeration structure, have specific application potential, and the link between gravity and cooling performance is unclear. This research investigates the gravitational characteristics of two-stage gas-coupled Stirling/pulse tube hybrid cryocoolers with high pressure ratios and narrow temperature span. 2D CFD simulations were conducted on the working fluid flow in the second-stage pulse tube. The simulation results demonstrate that higher pressure ratios and narrower temperature spans decrease gravitational effects on pulse tube performance. A ground-based rotating platform was constructed to test cryocooler performance at various angles. Experimental results reveal that, due to its unique construction, the hybrid cryocooler exhibits minimal performance variation when rotated, with no-load temperature swings within 2 K.

当前深空探测对低温环境的需求日益迫切。混合式制冷机作为一种新型制冷结构，具有特定的应用潜力，其重力与制冷性能之间的关系尚不清楚。研究了高压比窄温度跨度两级气体耦合斯特林/脉冲管混合制冷机的重力特性。对二级脉冲管内工作流体流动进行了二维CFD模拟。仿真结果表明，较高的压力比和较窄的温度跨度减小了重力对脉冲管性能的影响。搭建了一个地面旋转平台，在不同角度下测试制冷机的性能。实验结果表明，由于其独特的结构，混合制冷机在旋转时表现出最小的性能变化，空载温度波动在2 K以内。

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引用次数: 0

Implementing third-order discriminant for feasibility analysis in thermoelectric cooling designs 采用三阶判别法对热电冷却设计进行可行性分析

IF 3.8 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid

Pub Date : 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.12.024

S. Lineykin, D. Khinchuk

Designing efficient thermoelectric cooling systems (TCS) to meet specific thermal management requirements is a complex engineering challenge that often requires specialized knowledge and extensive computational resources. This study presents an innovative method for evaluating the feasibility of a TCS in maintaining the required surface temperature while dissipating a specified amount of heat under defined environmental conditions. The proposed method utilizes non-dimensionalization and is fully analytical. The third-order discriminant of the expression for the cold-side temperature is proposed in this study for the first time as a criterion for feasibility. The proposed criterion enables not only the assessment of whether a given TCS is capable of meeting its specified goals, but also the inverse problem: performing an analytical calculation of the TCS parameters required to achieve the desired cooling performance across various operating scenarios. The method returns the values of the calculated parameters in the standard format used by TEC manufacturers. Using this criterion streamlines the design of thermoelectric cooling systems for various applications, such as minimizing the temperature of the cooled surface, reducing the system’s cost and volume under constant thermal load, and selecting components for a system with closed-loop dynamic temperature control, among others. The study also presents, for visualization, an original graphical representation of the dimensionless analysis, as well as a graphical interpretation of the feasibility region, allowing one to assess the proximity of the requirements for the maintained temperature and dissipated heat to the feasibility boundary and to evaluate the system’s robustness. Experimental validation demonstrates that the proposed method is practically applicable.

设计高效的热电冷却系统（TCS）以满足特定的热管理要求是一项复杂的工程挑战，通常需要专业知识和大量的计算资源。本研究提出了一种创新的方法，用于评估TCS在保持所需表面温度的同时，在规定的环境条件下散发规定量的热量的可行性。该方法采用无量纲化，具有充分的解析性。本文首次提出了冷侧温度表达式的三阶判据作为可行性判据。提出的标准不仅可以评估给定的TCS是否能够满足其指定目标，而且还可以解决相反的问题：在各种操作场景中执行所需的TCS参数的分析计算，以实现所需的冷却性能。该方法以TEC制造商使用的标准格式返回计算参数的值。使用该准则简化了热电冷却系统的各种应用的设计，例如最小化冷却表面的温度，减少恒定热负荷下系统的成本和体积，以及为具有闭环动态温度控制的系统选择组件等。为了可视化，该研究还提供了无量纲分析的原始图形表示，以及可行性区域的图形解释，允许人们评估维持温度和散热要求与可行性边界的接近程度，并评估系统的鲁棒性。实验验证了该方法的实用性。

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引用次数: 0

Frequency-domain analysis of electromagnetic torque ripple excited vibration of high-speed generator coupled helium turbine expander rotor 高速发电机耦合氦涡轮膨胀转子电磁转矩脉动激振频域分析

IF 3.8 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid

Pub Date : 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.12.023

Chenghao Dai , Shixiong Chen , Qiyong Zhang , Chengfei Fan

The present work attempts to obtain the continuous spectrum of electromagnetic torque ripple exciting vibration response of a surface-mounted permanent magnet generator coupled helium turbine expander rotor. By establishing a simplified rotor vibration model, frequency domain analysis of electromagnetic torque ripple exciting rotor vibration is carried out, and the blade vibration response spectrum is obtained, which is in good agreement with the single-frequency response calculation. The results show that the blade vibration is more obvious to the high frequency components of the electromagnetic torque ripple, and the influence of the non-harmonic noise component of the electromagnetic torque on the blade vibration cannot be ignored.

本文试图获得表面贴装永磁发电机耦合氦涡轮膨胀转子电磁转矩脉动激励振动响应的连续谱。通过建立简化的转子振动模型，对电磁转矩脉动激励转子振动进行频域分析，得到叶片振动响应谱，与单频响应计算结果吻合较好。结果表明：叶片振动对电磁转矩脉动的高频分量更为明显，且电磁转矩的非谐波噪声分量对叶片振动的影响不容忽视。

引用次数: 0

Atlantic salmon skin gelatin hydrolysate: Antioxidant activity and functional role as a cryoprotectant in freeze-thawed surimi 大西洋鲑鱼皮明胶水解物：在冻融鱼糜中的抗氧化活性和冷冻保护剂的功能作用

IF 3.8 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid

Pub Date : 2025-12-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.12.022

Sakonwat Kuepethkaew , Soottawat Benjakul , Yuya Kumagai , Hideki Kishimura , Sappasith Klomklao

Protein denaturation and lipid oxidation during frozen storage negatively affect the quality and consumer acceptance of fish products, underscoring the need for natural additives with both antioxidative and cryoprotective functions. This study presents the first comprehensive evaluation of antioxidant and cryoprotective activities of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) skin gelatin hydrolysate (ASGH), produced via a two-step enzymatic process using Alcalase and papain. Sequential hydrolysis generates low-molecular-weight peptides with enhanced radical scavenging and protein-stabilizing properties, strengthening both antioxidant and cryoprotective functionalities. Antioxidant properties were assessed at ASGH concentrations of 1–5 mg/mL. Increasing concentrations enhanced DPPH, ABTS and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities, ferric reducing antioxidant power, and ferrous ion chelation ability, indicating strong antioxidant potential. These mechanisms help suppress oxidative denaturation of myofibrillar proteins, thereby mechanistically supporting its cryoprotective effects. For cryoprotective evaluation, ASGH was incorporated into threadfin bream surimi at 4%, 6%, and 8% (w/w), followed by three and six freeze-thaw cycles. A 1:1 sucrose/sorbitol blend (8% w/w) and control (without cryoprotectant) groups were used for comparison. ASGH showed dose-dependent mitigation of physicochemical deterioration in natural actomyosin, with higher Ca²⁺-ATPase activity, greater sulfhydryl content, and reduced disulfide bonds relative to the control. Surimi with 4% ASGH showed the greatest textural stability, with breaking force and deformation values reaching 100.33% and 86.97%, respectively, relative to control. These findings demonstrate that ASGH possesses potent antioxidant activity and functions effectively as a natural cryoprotectant, supporting its potential as a clean-label alternative that links antioxidative action with protein stabilization during freeze-thaw abuse.

冷冻储存过程中的蛋白质变性和脂质氧化对鱼产品的质量和消费者接受度产生负面影响，强调需要具有抗氧化和冷冻保护功能的天然添加剂。本研究首次对大西洋鲑鱼（Salmo salar）皮肤明胶水解物（ASGH）的抗氧化和低温保护活性进行了综合评价，该水解物是通过Alcalase和木瓜蛋白酶两步酶促工艺生产的。顺序水解产生具有增强自由基清除和蛋白质稳定特性的低分子量肽，增强抗氧化和低温保护功能。在ASGH浓度为1-5 mg/mL时评估抗氧化性能。浓度增加可增强DPPH、ABTS和羟基自由基的清除能力、铁还原抗氧化能力和铁离子螯合能力，显示出较强的抗氧化潜力。这些机制有助于抑制肌原纤维蛋白的氧化变性，从而在机械上支持其冷冻保护作用。为了进行冷冻保护评估，将ASGH以4%、6%和8% （w/w）的比例加入到鲷鱼鱼糜中，然后进行3次和6次冻融循环。采用1:1蔗糖/山梨醇混合物（8% w/w）和对照组（不含冷冻保护剂）进行比较。ASGH对天然肌动球蛋白的物理化学退化表现出剂量依赖性缓解，与对照组相比，Ca 2 + - atp酶活性更高，巯基含量更高，二硫键减少。当ASGH含量为4%时，鱼糜的结构稳定性最好，破碎力和变形值分别达到对照的100.33%和86.97%。这些研究结果表明，ASGH具有强大的抗氧化活性，并且作为天然冷冻保护剂有效地发挥作用，支持其作为一种清洁标签替代品的潜力，将抗氧化作用与冻融滥用期间的蛋白质稳定联系起来。

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