International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid最新文献

英文中文

A sustainable cooling solution for machining: Internally cooled toolholder enhanced by nanorefrigerants and electrohydrodynamic effect

IF 3.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid

Pub Date : 2025-02-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.02.010

Renan Luis Fragelli , Vicente Luiz Scalon , Luiz Eduardo de Angelo Sanchez

Alternatives to cutting fluids have been extensively researched in machining. While they provide lubrication and cooling for tools, they pose health risks, cause environmental damage, and increase manufacturing costs. Considering that many researchers worldwide have been focusing their efforts on new applications for nanofluids, the objective is to evaluate the application of nanorefrigerants alongside the Electrohydrodynamic Effect (EHD) in a similar device to an internally cooled toolholder in order to reduce or eliminate cutting fluids. R141b/Al₂O₃ nanorefrigerants with three different concentrations were prepared and subsequently characterized. A heating chamber similar to a toolholder was developed to circulate nanofluids, apply the EHD effect, and evaluate its efficacy in reducing cutting tool temperature. The nanorefrigerants remained stable for up to 48 h; their viscosities increased by 44–64%, depending on concentration. The thermal conductivity of the nanorefrigerant with the lowest concentration increased by 44%. The EHD effect showed positive results in all analyzed conditions, with an increase in the heat transfer coefficient (h) of up to 19%. However, higher nanoparticle concentrations resulted in a smaller increase in the h values. Based on the heat transfer coefficient, the internal cooling system proved viable for reducing or eliminating cutting fluids. The combination of nanorefrigerants and EHD Effect can enhance the internal cooling method, extending tool life.

{"title":"A sustainable cooling solution for machining: Internally cooled toolholder enhanced by nanorefrigerants and electrohydrodynamic effect","authors":"Renan Luis Fragelli , Vicente Luiz Scalon , Luiz Eduardo de Angelo Sanchez","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.02.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.02.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alternatives to cutting fluids have been extensively researched in machining. While they provide lubrication and cooling for tools, they pose health risks, cause environmental damage, and increase manufacturing costs. Considering that many researchers worldwide have been focusing their efforts on new applications for nanofluids, the objective is to evaluate the application of nanorefrigerants alongside the Electrohydrodynamic Effect (EHD) in a similar device to an internally cooled toolholder in order to reduce or eliminate cutting fluids. R141b/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanorefrigerants with three different concentrations were prepared and subsequently characterized. A heating chamber similar to a toolholder was developed to circulate nanofluids, apply the EHD effect, and evaluate its efficacy in reducing cutting tool temperature. The nanorefrigerants remained stable for up to 48 h; their viscosities increased by 44–64%, depending on concentration. The thermal conductivity of the nanorefrigerant with the lowest concentration increased by 44%. The EHD effect showed positive results in all analyzed conditions, with an increase in the heat transfer coefficient (h) of up to 19%. However, higher nanoparticle concentrations resulted in a smaller increase in the h values. Based on the heat transfer coefficient, the internal cooling system proved viable for reducing or eliminating cutting fluids. The combination of nanorefrigerants and EHD Effect can enhance the internal cooling method, extending tool life.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":"173 ","pages":"Pages 88-99"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143438188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Theoretical and experimental analysis of heat storage material integration in household refrigerators

IF 3.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid

Pub Date : 2025-02-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.02.007

Joel Boeng , Joaquim Manoel Gonçalves

In recent years, the application of heat storage materials (HSMs), particularly phase change materials (PCMs), in heat exchangers and/or refrigerated compartments of household refrigerators has increased substantially. This growth has been primarily driven by the implementation of stringent energy efficiency enhancement policies. The present study first provides a theoretical analysis of the impact of integrating HSMs into refrigerated compartments and heat exchangers of a refrigerator. Specifically, it elucidates the mechanism by which an HSM decreases the difference between condensing and evaporating temperatures and examines the behavior of this attenuation as a function of the compressor run-time ratio and the heat transfer coefficients involved. Subsequently, the study experimentally investigates the effects of incorporating HSMs into natural-draft condensers of household refrigerators. Four distinct types of HSMs were attached to a natural-draft wire-and-tube condenser of an A++ European single-compartment refrigerator. The performance of the refrigerator, with and without HSMs, was assessed through standardized energy consumption tests conducted under varying system operating conditions. Energy savings of up to 7.4 % were achieved by attaching 700 g of a copolymer compound to the condenser. The findings reveal that optimal system performance is associated with specific compressor on-time and off-time periods, which are influenced by the condenser size, HSM attachment method, and material thermal capacity. Furthermore, energy savings were observed to be more pronounced at lower compressor run-time ratios and shorter compressor on-time intervals. These observations suggest that the application of HSMs in natural-draft condensers is not recommended for systems equipped with variable-speed compressors.

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引用次数: 0

Thermo-economic evaluation of low-GWP CO2-based zeotropic mixtures in space heating heat pumps with and without internal heat exchanger

IF 3.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid

Pub Date : 2025-02-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.01.036

Alireza Zendehboudi

Transcritical CO₂ heat pumps are commonly used for tap water heating in buildings; however, their performance is often limited in space heating applications. Low-GWP CO₂-based mixtures can enhance subcritical operation and reduce irreversibility during transcritical processes. Promoting this technology requires a comprehensive understanding of its thermo-economic performance; yet, there is a lack of relevant studies. This paper develops thermodynamic models using energy, exergy, and exergoeconomic analyses to evaluate the performance of four CO₂-binary mixtures (CO₂/R41, CO₂/R1234yf, CO₂/R290, and CO₂/R1270) in space heating heat pumps. These mixtures are compared against pure CO₂ in two cycle configurations: with and without an internal heat exchanger (IHX). The evaluation is conducted in accordance with the EN 14511–2 standard across various heating temperatures. Results indicate that the CO₂/R41 blend achieves significant COP improvements, exceeding pure CO₂ by up to 17.1% at 30/35 °

C

and 8.3% at 47/55 °

C

. CO₂-based mixtures also significantly lower optimal discharge pressures, with reductions ranging from 24.4% for CO₂/R41 to 52.9% for CO₂/R1270. The inclusion of an IHX has a notable effect on COP, particularly for CO₂/R41, where performance improves when the CO₂ mass fraction exceeds 70% at lower temperatures. Exergy analysis demonstrates that the CO₂/R41 mixture achieves the highest exergy efficiency up to and including a CO₂ mass fraction of 80%, outperforming pure CO₂ by up to 16.3%. Furthermore, CO₂/R41 exhibits 16.3%–19.8% lower total exergy destruction cost rates compared to pure CO₂, with significant cost reductions in the throttling valve (25.5%–42.5%). These findings highlight the potential of CO₂/R41 as a highly effective and economically viable option for space heating heat pumps, offering superior performance and reduced operational costs compared to pure CO₂ and other mixtures.

{"title":"Thermo-economic evaluation of low-GWP CO2-based zeotropic mixtures in space heating heat pumps with and without internal heat exchanger","authors":"Alireza Zendehboudi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.01.036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.01.036","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Transcritical CO<sub>2</sub> heat pumps are commonly used for tap water heating in buildings; however, their performance is often limited in space heating applications. Low-GWP CO<sub>2</sub>-based mixtures can enhance subcritical operation and reduce irreversibility during transcritical processes. Promoting this technology requires a comprehensive understanding of its thermo-economic performance; yet, there is a lack of relevant studies. This paper develops thermodynamic models using energy, exergy, and exergoeconomic analyses to evaluate the performance of four CO<sub>2</sub>-binary mixtures (CO<sub>2</sub>/R41, CO<sub>2</sub>/R1234yf, CO<sub>2</sub>/R290, and CO<sub>2</sub>/R1270) in space heating heat pumps. These mixtures are compared against pure CO<sub>2</sub> in two cycle configurations: with and without an internal heat exchanger (IHX). The evaluation is conducted in accordance with the EN 14511–2 standard across various heating temperatures. Results indicate that the CO<sub>2</sub>/R41 blend achieves significant COP improvements, exceeding pure CO<sub>2</sub> by up to 17.1% at 30/35 °<span><math><mi>C</mi></math></span> and 8.3% at 47/55 °<span><math><mi>C</mi></math></span>. CO<sub>2</sub>-based mixtures also significantly lower optimal discharge pressures, with reductions ranging from 24.4% for CO<sub>2</sub>/R41 to 52.9% for CO<sub>2</sub>/R1270. The inclusion of an IHX has a notable effect on COP, particularly for CO<sub>2</sub>/R41, where performance improves when the CO<sub>2</sub> mass fraction exceeds 70% at lower temperatures. Exergy analysis demonstrates that the CO<sub>2</sub>/R41 mixture achieves the highest exergy efficiency up to and including a CO<sub>2</sub> mass fraction of 80%, outperforming pure CO<sub>2</sub> by up to 16.3%. Furthermore, CO<sub>2</sub>/R41 exhibits 16.3%–19.8% lower total exergy destruction cost rates compared to pure CO<sub>2</sub>, with significant cost reductions in the throttling valve (25.5%–42.5%). These findings highlight the potential of CO<sub>2</sub>/R41 as a highly effective and economically viable option for space heating heat pumps, offering superior performance and reduced operational costs compared to pure CO<sub>2</sub> and other mixtures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":"173 ","pages":"Pages 1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143394994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dual precooling enhanced nitrogen-expanded BOG reliquefaction process for LNG-fueled ships

IF 3.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid

Pub Date : 2025-02-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.02.005

Xiaofei Wen , Tianyou Zhou , Chao Chen , Hongxing Li , Feng Zhou , Yunde Liu

By re-liquefying the evaporated gas in the BOG reliquefaction process, operational expenses are minimized, simultaneously advancing environmental sustainability and improving resource usage. Most current reliquefaction processes untilize a single precooling cycle, with limited research on multi-stage precooling configurations. This paper proposes a dual precooling cycle that utilizes propane and BOG itself as precooling agents, and reliquefies BOG using a nitrogen inverse Brayton cycle. The design focuses minimizing specific energy consumption (SEC) through simulation and optimization. Optimization results indicate that the BOG reliquefaction process achieves an SEC of 1.017 kWh/kg_LNG and an exergy efficiency of 27.29 % respectively. More than 20 % improvement in SEC compared to other single precooling processes. Cost analyses show that the dual precooled BOG liquefaction process is economically sound. Ultimately, through an analysis of the system based on BOG components and temperature variations, the system was able to operate stably.

{"title":"Dual precooling enhanced nitrogen-expanded BOG reliquefaction process for LNG-fueled ships","authors":"Xiaofei Wen , Tianyou Zhou , Chao Chen , Hongxing Li , Feng Zhou , Yunde Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.02.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>By re-liquefying the evaporated gas in the BOG reliquefaction process, operational expenses are minimized, simultaneously advancing environmental sustainability and improving resource usage. Most current reliquefaction processes untilize a single precooling cycle, with limited research on multi-stage precooling configurations. This paper proposes a dual precooling cycle that utilizes propane and BOG itself as precooling agents, and reliquefies BOG using a nitrogen inverse Brayton cycle. The design focuses minimizing specific energy consumption (SEC) through simulation and optimization. Optimization results indicate that the BOG reliquefaction process achieves an SEC of 1.017 kWh/kg<sub>LNG</sub> and an exergy efficiency of 27.29 % respectively. More than 20 % improvement in SEC compared to other single precooling processes. Cost analyses show that the dual precooled BOG liquefaction process is economically sound. Ultimately, through an analysis of the system based on BOG components and temperature variations, the system was able to operate stably.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":"172 ","pages":"Pages 284-294"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143394762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Performance evaluation of low-temperature operated desiccant wheel integrated heat pump drying system for ponyfish (Leiognathus equula) drying

IF 3.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid

Pub Date : 2025-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.02.003

A. Lakshmi Kanthan Bharathi , S. Kalaiselvam

Low-temperature drying is an effective technique for preserving the quality of heat-sensitive products such as fish. Integrating a desiccant wheel and a heat pump, the dryer can function at low temperatures and humidity levels while consuming less energy. This study evaluates the performance of a desiccant wheel integrated heat pump dryer (DW-HPD) for drying ponyfish (Leiognathus equula) at 40 °C, 45 °C, and 50 °C, emphasizing drying kinetics, dryer efficiency, mathematical models, and quality retention. The optimal drying temperature of 50 °C achieved the highest drying rate of 8.18 % wb/h. Increasing the temperature from 40 °C to 50 °C reduced the drying time from 10.5 to 5.5 h. Effective moisture diffusivity ranged from 8.40 × 10⁻¹⁰ to 1.87 × 10⁻⁹ m²/s, with an activation energy of 59.14 kJ/mol. The maximum specific moisture extraction rate (SMER) and specific energy consumption (SEC) were 2.21 kg/kWh and 9.4 kWh/kg at 50 °C, respectively. Rehydration ratio (RR) and water holding capacity (WHC) ranged from 1.172 to 1.183 and 0.336–0.406 g water/g dry solid. Water activity and texture values were 0.740–0.748 and 0.698–0.656 kg, respectively. The Hunter L* value indicated improved color quality, while sensory scores for overall acceptability at 45 °C and 50 °C ranged from "like moderately" to "like very much," confirming the high-quality standards of DW-HPD dried ponyfish.

{"title":"Performance evaluation of low-temperature operated desiccant wheel integrated heat pump drying system for ponyfish (Leiognathus equula) drying","authors":"A. Lakshmi Kanthan Bharathi , S. Kalaiselvam","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.02.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Low-temperature drying is an effective technique for preserving the quality of heat-sensitive products such as fish. Integrating a desiccant wheel and a heat pump, the dryer can function at low temperatures and humidity levels while consuming less energy. This study evaluates the performance of a desiccant wheel integrated heat pump dryer (DW-HPD) for drying ponyfish (<em>Leiognathus equula</em>) at 40 °C, 45 °C, and 50 °C, emphasizing drying kinetics, dryer efficiency, mathematical models, and quality retention. The optimal drying temperature of 50 °C achieved the highest drying rate of 8.18 % wb/h. Increasing the temperature from 40 °C to 50 °C reduced the drying time from 10.5 to 5.5 h. Effective moisture diffusivity ranged from 8.40 × 10<sup>−10</sup> to 1.87 × 10<sup>−9</sup> m<sup>2</sup>/s, with an activation energy of 59.14 kJ/mol. The maximum specific moisture extraction rate (SMER) and specific energy consumption (SEC) were 2.21 kg/kWh and 9.4 kWh/kg at 50 °C, respectively. Rehydration ratio (RR) and water holding capacity (WHC) ranged from 1.172 to 1.183 and 0.336–0.406 g water/g dry solid. Water activity and texture values were 0.740–0.748 and 0.698–0.656 kg, respectively. The Hunter L* value indicated improved color quality, while sensory scores for overall acceptability at 45 °C and 50 °C ranged from \"like moderately\" to \"like very much,\" confirming the high-quality standards of DW-HPD dried ponyfish.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":"173 ","pages":"Pages 55-67"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143420096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experimental and numerical investigation of suction muffler outlet pipe geometry effect on volumetric efficiency and COP

IF 3.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid

Pub Date : 2025-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.02.001

Caglar Sahin , Seyhan Uygur Onbasioglu

This study investigates how the design of the muffler outlet pipe and the compressor speed affect the volumetric efficiency and COP using both experimental and numerical methods. Three distinct muffler outlet pipe designs, characterized by varying lengths and diameters, are tested across four different compressor speeds using R600a refrigerant. Experimental measurements include displacement data of the suction valve obtained via strain gauges, while pressure fluctuations in the suction plenum and cylinder volume are recorded using pressure transducers. Additionally, a magnetic encoder is employed to monitor crank angle and cylinder volume. A numerical model is developed using the GT-SUITE™ platform and subsequently validated against the experimental results. After successful validation, the numerical model is used to investigate the impacts of compressor speed and muffler geometry in more depth. The investigation encompasses the analysis of pressure drop, compressor speed, and valve timing in relation to mass flow rate and valve displacement curves. A general linear model is constructed to quantify the contribution of each parameter and the R-sq (adjusted) is 75 %. The model indicates that compressor speed accounts for 75 % of the variation in volumetric efficiency whereas the pipe diameter is the second-largest contributor, accounting for nearly 22 % and the effects of the pipe length is 3 %.

{"title":"Experimental and numerical investigation of suction muffler outlet pipe geometry effect on volumetric efficiency and COP","authors":"Caglar Sahin , Seyhan Uygur Onbasioglu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates how the design of the muffler outlet pipe and the compressor speed affect the volumetric efficiency and COP using both experimental and numerical methods. Three distinct muffler outlet pipe designs, characterized by varying lengths and diameters, are tested across four different compressor speeds using R600a refrigerant. Experimental measurements include displacement data of the suction valve obtained via strain gauges, while pressure fluctuations in the suction plenum and cylinder volume are recorded using pressure transducers. Additionally, a magnetic encoder is employed to monitor crank angle and cylinder volume. A numerical model is developed using the GT-SUITE™ platform and subsequently validated against the experimental results. After successful validation, the numerical model is used to investigate the impacts of compressor speed and muffler geometry in more depth. The investigation encompasses the analysis of pressure drop, compressor speed, and valve timing in relation to mass flow rate and valve displacement curves. A general linear model is constructed to quantify the contribution of each parameter and the R-sq (adjusted) is 75 %. The model indicates that compressor speed accounts for 75 % of the variation in volumetric efficiency whereas the pipe diameter is the second-largest contributor, accounting for nearly 22 % and the effects of the pipe length is 3 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":"172 ","pages":"Pages 309-319"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143427922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of thawing methods and packaging sizes on the physicochemical and microbial quality of frozen kimchi

IF 3.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid

Pub Date : 2025-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.02.002

Hee Eun Kim , Yun-Jeong Choi , Dong Hyun Park , Min Jung Lee , Minji Kim , Sung Jin Park , Ji Young Choi , Mi Ran Kang , Sung Hee Park , Mi-Ai Lee

The method used for thawing kimchi is crucial in determining the final quality of products made from frozen kimchi. While many studies have explored various thawing techniques, research specifically focused on the thawing process of frozen kimchi remains limited. This study investigated the effects of natural air (NT), refrigerator (RT), running water (RWT), microwave (MWT), and radio-frequency thawing (RFT) on the texture, moisture content, and biological properties of frozen kimchi. Kimchi was packaged into 100-, 200-, and 300 gram units, revealing significant differences in thawing loss, moisture content, and texture across both package sizes and thawing methods. MWT resulted in the greatest moisture loss (up to 14.36 %) and the most extensive microbial degradation, whereas RT and RFT effectively preserved moisture, texture, and bioactive compounds with minimal quality deterioration. Overall, larger package sizes were associated with increased thawing losses and decreased microbial viability across all thawing methods. These findings highlight the importance of selecting appropriate thawing techniques to maintain the quality of kimchi during frozen storage and distribution.

解冻泡菜的方法对于决定冷冻泡菜产品的最终质量至关重要。虽然许多研究已经探索了各种解冻技术，但专门针对冷冻泡菜解冻过程的研究仍然有限。本研究调查了自然空气解冻（NT）、冰箱解冻（RT）、流水解冻（RWT）、微波解冻（MWT）和射频解冻（RFT）对冷冻泡菜质地、水分含量和生物特性的影响。泡菜被包装成 100 克、200 克和 300 克的单位，结果显示，不同包装规格和解冻方法的解冻损失、水分含量和质地都有显著差异。MWT 导致最大的水分损失（高达 14.36%）和最广泛的微生物降解，而 RT 和 RFT 则有效地保持了水分、质地和生物活性化合物，且质量劣化程度最小。总之，在所有解冻方法中，包装尺寸越大，解冻损失越大，微生物存活率越低。这些发现强调了选择适当解冻技术的重要性，以保持泡菜在冷冻储存和销售过程中的质量。

{"title":"Impact of thawing methods and packaging sizes on the physicochemical and microbial quality of frozen kimchi","authors":"Hee Eun Kim , Yun-Jeong Choi , Dong Hyun Park , Min Jung Lee , Minji Kim , Sung Jin Park , Ji Young Choi , Mi Ran Kang , Sung Hee Park , Mi-Ai Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.02.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The method used for thawing kimchi is crucial in determining the final quality of products made from frozen kimchi. While many studies have explored various thawing techniques, research specifically focused on the thawing process of frozen kimchi remains limited. This study investigated the effects of natural air (NT), refrigerator (RT), running water (RWT), microwave (MWT), and radio-frequency thawing (RFT) on the texture, moisture content, and biological properties of frozen kimchi. Kimchi was packaged into 100-, 200-, and 300 gram units, revealing significant differences in thawing loss, moisture content, and texture across both package sizes and thawing methods. MWT resulted in the greatest moisture loss (up to 14.36 %) and the most extensive microbial degradation, whereas RT and RFT effectively preserved moisture, texture, and bioactive compounds with minimal quality deterioration. Overall, larger package sizes were associated with increased thawing losses and decreased microbial viability across all thawing methods. These findings highlight the importance of selecting appropriate thawing techniques to maintain the quality of kimchi during frozen storage and distribution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":"173 ","pages":"Pages 68-75"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143420097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhancing heat pump performance by drain water heat recovery and solar air heater–Experimental and numerical studies 通过排水热回收和太阳能空气加热器提高热泵性能--实验和数值研究

IF 3.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid

Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.01.038

Rabih Murr , Jalal Faraj , Hicham El Hage , Mahmoud Khaled

This manuscript presents a hybrid numerical-experimental approach aimed at enhancing heat pump performance through the integration of a Drain Water Heat Recovery System (DWHRS) and solar air heating (S). In view of the significant energy consumption of domestic hot water and space heating, the proposed configurations combine drain water recovery with solar-assisted heating to improve heat pump efficiency, thereby reducing both energy use and greenhouse gas emissions. Four configurations of the combined system are scrutinized: solar upstream evaporator (SU-E-DWHRS), solar downstream evaporator (SD-E-DWHRS), solar downstream condenser (SD-C-DWHRS), and solar downstream mixed (SD-M-DWHRS) DWHRS. Simulation results indicate that the SD-M-DWHRS configuration achieved the highest performance gains, with a Coefficient of Performance (COP) increase of up to 1001 % and a 91 % reduction in compressor power at a drain water inlet temperature of 40 °C. The system also confirmed potential monthly energy savings of up to 410 kWh, cost savings of $53, and a reduction in CO₂ emissions of 291 kg per month. This hybrid heat recovery tactic presents a promising solution for reducing energy consumption in the building sector while advancing sustainable energy objectives. By exploring and optimizing multi-source systems that integrate solar energy with heat recovery, this research fills a critical gap and paves the way for more efficient, environmentally friendly energy systems.

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引用次数: 0

Research on ultrasound-induced nucleation to improve cryoablation effectiveness

IF 3.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.12.011

Weijie Li , Xi Yang , Yuting Wang , Baolin Liu , Shoaib Younas

This research proposes a novel combination therapy that utilizes ultrasound-assisted cryoablation to enhance the lethality of cryoablation in Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HepG2) cells. Ultrasound is used to induce ice nucleation, followed by thawing at a set temperature. The efficacy of this approach was evaluated by assessing cell survival rates in hepatocellular carcinoma cells using Acridine Orange/ Propidium Iodide (AO/PI) staining and the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), comparing ultrasound-assisted cryoablation with cryoablation alone. At a cooling rate of 10 °C/min and lower nucleation temperatures, a significant reduction in cell survival rate was observed (15.60 ± 2.60 %). Cryomicroscopic observations revealed that enhanced intracellular and extracellular ice formation led to increased cellular damage and higher cryoablation lethality. This innovative therapy provides a promising approach for localized treatment and highlights the potential of cryoablation devices incorporating ultrasound-induced nucleation.

引用次数: 0

Experimental study of data-driven model predictive control on transcritical CO2 thermal system in electric vehicles

IF 3.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2024.11.030

Tongyu Miao, Shuo Zong, Xu Yang, Wenyi Wang, Yulong Song, Feng Cao

The transcritical CO₂ thermal system has been considered an effective and completable candidate for providing space/battery cooling and heating in electric vehicles. For a realistic system, the optimal performance relies on an effective control strategy. This paper presents a model predictive control approach to optimize the real-time operation of the transcritical CO₂ thermal system and conduct a complete experimental investigation. A data-driven control-oriented model is first developed to predict the next steps in system behaviours in a finite time domain. The model predictive controller is designed to provide the optimal inputs based on the control-oriented model and the designed objective function, in which optimal system COP can be achieved provided that the cooling/heating capacity is maintained. Then, a complete test rig is built in a psychrometric test room to experimentally investigate the operating performance using the proposed model predictive control strategy. The experiments are conducted under fixed and variable ambient temperatures for both cooling and heating conditions. The experimental results indicate that the model predictive control strategy can accurately forecast system states and determine optimal control inputs for the transcritical CO₂ thermal system to achieve the highest operating COP with the required cooling/heating capacity in electric vehicles.

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引用次数: 0

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