The experimental parameters measured in binary liquid mixtures, such as ultrasonic velocity (u) and density (ρ) containing 1-butanol-pyridine and toluene-pyridine across the full range of composition at different temperatures 303.15K to 323.15K, are used to evaluate acoustical parameters. The parameters are also theoretically calculated by using the Jacobson free length theory (flt) and Kalidoss revised free length theory (rflt). The statistical analysis of the liquid state theories has been done by applying chi-square (χ2) test. The findings were explained in terms of the liquid state theories that applied to binary liquid mixes as well as molecular interaction.
{"title":"Study of Intermolecular Interaction by Ultrasonic Measurements of 1-Butanol-Pyridine and Toluene-Pyridine at 303.15 To 323.15 K and Statistical Analysis of Liquid State Theories","authors":"Samir M. Bagade, Ankush W Wakode","doi":"10.32628/ijsrst241146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32628/ijsrst241146","url":null,"abstract":"The experimental parameters measured in binary liquid mixtures, such as ultrasonic velocity (u) and density (ρ) containing 1-butanol-pyridine and toluene-pyridine across the full range of composition at different temperatures 303.15K to 323.15K, are used to evaluate acoustical parameters. The parameters are also theoretically calculated by using the Jacobson free length theory (flt) and Kalidoss revised free length theory (rflt). The statistical analysis of the liquid state theories has been done by applying chi-square (χ2) test. The findings were explained in terms of the liquid state theories that applied to binary liquid mixes as well as molecular interaction.","PeriodicalId":14387,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology","volume":"17 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141818305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Salman Alfarizi, Wahyu Setia Budi, Zaenal Arifin, M. Roeslan Abdul Gani, Junan Imaniar Pribadi
Lung-to-bone cancer metastasis frequently involves bone lesions, particularly in the vertebrae. A bone scan using the radiopharmaceutical 99mTc MDP is a common diagnostic tool for detecting advanced metastases. This research aimed to determine the conversion factor of count rate to unit activity, assess the range of source activity in bones with and without lesions, and analyze the relationship between lung cancer metastasis and radiopharmaceutical activity in various bones. The study involved 28 patients. Procedures included phantom manufacturing, determining the depth of Antero Posterior (AP) and Postero Anterior (PA) position bones, converting count rates to activity units, and assessing 99mTc MDP biodistribution in bones. Results indicated that the conversion factor of count rate to activity units in AP and PA positions for lumbar vertebrae, costa vera, ilium, and sacrum were (〖13.2×10〗^(-4); 4.9〖×10〗^(-4)) mCi/cps; (4.0〖×10〗^(-4); 4.4〖×10〗^(-4)) mCi/cps; (4.0〖×10〗^(-4); 4.9〖×10〗^(-4)) mCi/cps; and (〖12.2×10〗^(-4); 〖4.5×10〗^(-4)) mCi/cps. In addition, there is a range of source activity values and percentage of activity in the bones (lumbar vertebrae; costa vera; ilium; and sacrum), namely (0.019-0.053) mCi and (0.107-0.498)%; (0.020-0.045) mCi and (0.139-0.338)%; (0.024-0.066) mCi and (0.128-0.551)%; and (0.012-0.028) mCi and (0.078-0.264)%. Furthermore, there is a range of source activity values in the lesion-indicated bone (lumbar vertebrae; costa vera; ilium; and sacrum), namely (0.038-0.053) mCi; (0.024-0.045) mCi; (0.033-0.066) mCi; and (0.017-0.028) mCi. The relationship between lung cancer metastasis to various bones studied and the range of radiopharmaceutical activity values obtained is moderately positive.
{"title":"Biodistribution and Absorption of Radiopharmaceutical 99mTc MDP in Various Bones of Lung Cancer Patients Using SPECT/CT Modalities","authors":"Salman Alfarizi, Wahyu Setia Budi, Zaenal Arifin, M. Roeslan Abdul Gani, Junan Imaniar Pribadi","doi":"10.32628/ijsrst241147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32628/ijsrst241147","url":null,"abstract":"Lung-to-bone cancer metastasis frequently involves bone lesions, particularly in the vertebrae. A bone scan using the radiopharmaceutical 99mTc MDP is a common diagnostic tool for detecting advanced metastases. This research aimed to determine the conversion factor of count rate to unit activity, assess the range of source activity in bones with and without lesions, and analyze the relationship between lung cancer metastasis and radiopharmaceutical activity in various bones. The study involved 28 patients. Procedures included phantom manufacturing, determining the depth of Antero Posterior (AP) and Postero Anterior (PA) position bones, converting count rates to activity units, and assessing 99mTc MDP biodistribution in bones. Results indicated that the conversion factor of count rate to activity units in AP and PA positions for lumbar vertebrae, costa vera, ilium, and sacrum were (〖13.2×10〗^(-4); 4.9〖×10〗^(-4)) mCi/cps; (4.0〖×10〗^(-4); 4.4〖×10〗^(-4)) mCi/cps; (4.0〖×10〗^(-4); 4.9〖×10〗^(-4)) mCi/cps; and (〖12.2×10〗^(-4); 〖4.5×10〗^(-4)) mCi/cps. In addition, there is a range of source activity values and percentage of activity in the bones (lumbar vertebrae; costa vera; ilium; and sacrum), namely (0.019-0.053) mCi and (0.107-0.498)%; (0.020-0.045) mCi and (0.139-0.338)%; (0.024-0.066) mCi and (0.128-0.551)%; and (0.012-0.028) mCi and (0.078-0.264)%. Furthermore, there is a range of source activity values in the lesion-indicated bone (lumbar vertebrae; costa vera; ilium; and sacrum), namely (0.038-0.053) mCi; (0.024-0.045) mCi; (0.033-0.066) mCi; and (0.017-0.028) mCi. The relationship between lung cancer metastasis to various bones studied and the range of radiopharmaceutical activity values obtained is moderately positive.","PeriodicalId":14387,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology","volume":"56 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141818055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Indah Maulidina, Zaenal Arifin, Zaenul Muhlisin, M. Roeslan Abdul Gani, Junan Imaniar Pribadi
The incidence rate of thyroid carcinoma shows an increasing trend from year to year. One method for treating thyroid carcinoma is radioablation therapy using 131I. The use of 131I must be carried out in accordance with radiation safety regulations to avoid undesirable radiation dose rates. Therefore, research was conducted to analyze the radiation dose rate emitted by patients, obtain the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and the emitted dose rate, and evaluate whole body scan images of Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT/CT) of thyroid carcinoma radioablation patients. The research was carried out by measuring the patient's radiation dose rate using a surveymeter. The sample used was 53 patients who met the inclusion criteria and were not included in the exclusion criteria. The patient is isolated until it is safe to leave the hospital, then the therapy is evaluated by means of a whole body scan using SPECT/CT. Region of Interest (ROI) was carried out on the thyroid, stomach, liver, large intestine and bladder. On the third day the patient's dose rate value was below 70 μSv/h so that the patient could go home safely in accordance with radiation protection regulations. The average dose rate value for obese patients was higher compared to patients with low, normal and excess BMI. The high organ radiation count value for whole body SPECT/CT scan patients is caused by several factors such as the absorption of 131I by organs and the buildup of radioisotopes in organs.
{"title":"Analysis of Radiation Dose Rate and Evaluation of Whole Body Scan SPECT/CT Images in Thyroid Carcinoma Radioablation Patients Using Radioisotope 131I","authors":"Indah Maulidina, Zaenal Arifin, Zaenul Muhlisin, M. Roeslan Abdul Gani, Junan Imaniar Pribadi","doi":"10.32628/ijsrst24114115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32628/ijsrst24114115","url":null,"abstract":"The incidence rate of thyroid carcinoma shows an increasing trend from year to year. One method for treating thyroid carcinoma is radioablation therapy using 131I. The use of 131I must be carried out in accordance with radiation safety regulations to avoid undesirable radiation dose rates. Therefore, research was conducted to analyze the radiation dose rate emitted by patients, obtain the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and the emitted dose rate, and evaluate whole body scan images of Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT/CT) of thyroid carcinoma radioablation patients. The research was carried out by measuring the patient's radiation dose rate using a surveymeter. The sample used was 53 patients who met the inclusion criteria and were not included in the exclusion criteria. The patient is isolated until it is safe to leave the hospital, then the therapy is evaluated by means of a whole body scan using SPECT/CT. Region of Interest (ROI) was carried out on the thyroid, stomach, liver, large intestine and bladder. On the third day the patient's dose rate value was below 70 μSv/h so that the patient could go home safely in accordance with radiation protection regulations. The average dose rate value for obese patients was higher compared to patients with low, normal and excess BMI. The high organ radiation count value for whole body SPECT/CT scan patients is caused by several factors such as the absorption of 131I by organs and the buildup of radioisotopes in organs.","PeriodicalId":14387,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology","volume":"61 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141817738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Due to their easy synthesis and exceptional optoelectronic characteristics, such as their long carrier diffusion length, high carrier mobility, low trap density, and tuneable absorption edge ranging from ultraviolet (UV) to near-infrared (NIR), perovskite single crystals have attracted a lot of attention in recent years. These properties have the potential to be used in solar cells, photo-detectors (PDs), lasers, and other devices. In this review provides detailed information about the synthesis methods and applications of perovskite single crystals.
{"title":"Review about Organic-Inorganic Perovskite Single Crystal : Synthesis Methods, Properties and Applications","authors":"Monik N. Maisuriya, Priyanka Desai","doi":"10.32628/ijsrst241142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32628/ijsrst241142","url":null,"abstract":"Due to their easy synthesis and exceptional optoelectronic characteristics, such as their long carrier diffusion length, high carrier mobility, low trap density, and tuneable absorption edge ranging from ultraviolet (UV) to near-infrared (NIR), perovskite single crystals have attracted a lot of attention in recent years. These properties have the potential to be used in solar cells, photo-detectors (PDs), lasers, and other devices. In this review provides detailed information about the synthesis methods and applications of perovskite single crystals.","PeriodicalId":14387,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology","volume":"45 36","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141644953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In a recent contributions, [102], 3D imaging-processing Isodosezones [ Casesnoves, 2022 ], delimited by 3D Isodoselines were explained in lung cancer and other tumor types, such a sprostate. The radiotherapy model applied was the classical BED one algorithm. Modern biological-model-based Treatment Planning Optimization can get objective improvements by using Isodosezones/lines when selecting the optimal dose delivery/schedule for any personalized treatment. Improved programming, [ Casesnoves, May 7th, 2024 ], and engineered software was developed for numerical hyperfractionated 3D TPO lung and prostate cancer imaging-processing database. Mathematical algorithms are detailed. A series of graphics results obtained with the 3D Imaging-Isodosezones Pareto-Multiobjective Optimization programming is shown and detailed. Applications in radiotherapy medical physics are subsequently briefed. An illustrative review of previous cancer studies with 3DInverse and 3DGraphical Optimization is included.
最近的一篇论文[102]解释了肺癌和其他肿瘤类型（如前列腺癌）中由三维等剂量线划定的三维成像处理等剂量区[Casesnoves, 2022]。应用的放疗模型是经典的 BED one 算法。在为任何个性化治疗选择最佳剂量给药/计划时，基于生物模型的现代治疗计划优化可以通过使用等剂量区/线获得客观改进。2024年5月7日，[Casesnoves]，改进的编程和工程软件被开发用于数值超分割三维TPO肺癌和前列腺癌成像处理数据库。详细介绍了数学算法。详细介绍了三维成像-等碘区帕累托多目标优化编程获得的一系列图形结果。随后简要介绍了在放射治疗医学物理学中的应用。此外，还回顾了之前使用 3DInverse 和 3DGraphical Optimization 进行的癌症研究。
{"title":"Radiotherapy 3D Isodosezones Graphical Optimization for Hyperfractionated Treatment Planning in Lung and Prostate Tumors with Bed Pareto-Multiobjective Model Dataset","authors":"Francisco Casesnoves","doi":"10.32628/ijsrst24114105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32628/ijsrst24114105","url":null,"abstract":"In a recent contributions, [102], 3D imaging-processing Isodosezones [ Casesnoves, 2022 ], delimited by 3D Isodoselines were explained in lung cancer and other tumor types, such a sprostate. The radiotherapy model applied was the classical BED one algorithm. Modern biological-model-based Treatment Planning Optimization can get objective improvements by using Isodosezones/lines when selecting the optimal dose delivery/schedule for any personalized treatment. Improved programming, [ Casesnoves, May 7th, 2024 ], and engineered software was developed for numerical hyperfractionated 3D TPO lung and prostate cancer imaging-processing database. Mathematical algorithms are detailed. A series of graphics results obtained with the 3D Imaging-Isodosezones Pareto-Multiobjective Optimization programming is shown and detailed. Applications in radiotherapy medical physics are subsequently briefed. An illustrative review of previous cancer studies with 3DInverse and 3DGraphical Optimization is included.","PeriodicalId":14387,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology","volume":"66 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141651334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) is essential in signal processing systems because it is capable of accurately recording both frequency and time-domain features. Nevertheless, the computational intricacy of DWT presents notable obstacles to processing in real-time, particularly in circumstances with large data consumption. This study presents a VLSI technology designed to accelerate DWT processing utilizing CMOS gates. The goal is to improve throughput while maintaining area efficiency. The architecture utilizes parallelism and pipelining techniques to take use of the fundamental redundancy in DWT processing. We focus on creating customized processing units developed specifically for performing Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) operations. These units are tuned to make the best possible usage of CMOS gate capabilities. The proposed architectural is implemented using Cadence virtuoso software with 45 nm design. It is evaluated based on its area, power consumption, and latency. The current techniques employed to assess the proposed design include the utilization of the Radix-2 technique for FIR filter design, as well as the employment of look-up-table carry select adder (LCSLA), Vedic design (VD), and carry look-ahead adder (CLA). The developed system design has an area of 1764 um2, which makes it smaller than that of conventional approaches.
{"title":"High Throughput DWT Architecture for Signal Processing","authors":"N B V V S S Mani Manjari, Dr. S V R K RAO","doi":"10.32628/ijsrst24114109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32628/ijsrst24114109","url":null,"abstract":"The Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) is essential in signal processing systems because it is capable of accurately recording both frequency and time-domain features. Nevertheless, the computational intricacy of DWT presents notable obstacles to processing in real-time, particularly in circumstances with large data consumption. This study presents a VLSI technology designed to accelerate DWT processing utilizing CMOS gates. The goal is to improve throughput while maintaining area efficiency. The architecture utilizes parallelism and pipelining techniques to take use of the fundamental redundancy in DWT processing. We focus on creating customized processing units developed specifically for performing Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) operations. These units are tuned to make the best possible usage of CMOS gate capabilities. The proposed architectural is implemented using Cadence virtuoso software with 45 nm design. It is evaluated based on its area, power consumption, and latency. The current techniques employed to assess the proposed design include the utilization of the Radix-2 technique for FIR filter design, as well as the employment of look-up-table carry select adder (LCSLA), Vedic design (VD), and carry look-ahead adder (CLA). The developed system design has an area of 1764 um2, which makes it smaller than that of conventional approaches.","PeriodicalId":14387,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology","volume":"51 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141651867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cirrhosis of the liver, a chronic hepatic condition marked by fibrosis and impaired functionality, poses substantial clinical difficulties worldwide. This comprehensive research review delves deeply into the study of liver cirrhosis, including its etiology, diagnosis, various treatment modalities, and prognosis. Various etiological variables, including conditions such as viral hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and persistent alcohol consumption, contribute to the expansion of this syndrome via distinct mechanisms. Utilizing advanced methods such as transient elastography is crucial for achieving a precise diagnosis, which depends on a combination of clinical judgment, imaging tests, and histological examination. Various therapeutic approaches may be used based on the harshness of the patients state, including liver transplantation, pharmacotherapy, endoscopic interventions, and modifications in lifestyle. The prediction of the illness is contingent upon the severity of the cirrhosis and the resulting complications. Severe cirrhosis is correlated with an increased likelihood of death, in addition to the development of hepatocellular cancer. Healthcare professionals must collaborate across several disciplines to provide optimal care to their patients.
{"title":"Machine Learning Based Liver Cirrhosis Detection Using Different Algorithm : A Review","authors":"Priyal Jain, Prakash Saxena","doi":"10.32628/ijsrst2411353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32628/ijsrst2411353","url":null,"abstract":"Cirrhosis of the liver, a chronic hepatic condition marked by fibrosis and impaired functionality, poses substantial clinical difficulties worldwide. This comprehensive research review delves deeply into the study of liver cirrhosis, including its etiology, diagnosis, various treatment modalities, and prognosis. Various etiological variables, including conditions such as viral hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and persistent alcohol consumption, contribute to the expansion of this syndrome via distinct mechanisms. Utilizing advanced methods such as transient elastography is crucial for achieving a precise diagnosis, which depends on a combination of clinical judgment, imaging tests, and histological examination. Various therapeutic approaches may be used based on the harshness of the patients state, including liver transplantation, pharmacotherapy, endoscopic interventions, and modifications in lifestyle. The prediction of the illness is contingent upon the severity of the cirrhosis and the resulting complications. Severe cirrhosis is correlated with an increased likelihood of death, in addition to the development of hepatocellular cancer. Healthcare professionals must collaborate across several disciplines to provide optimal care to their patients.","PeriodicalId":14387,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology","volume":"25 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141651109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Staphylococci are contributors of the Micrococcaceae family. Staphylococcus aureus is the most common type of bacteria which causes infections in the humans. They are classically taken into consideration extracellular, pyogenic pathogens due to their capacity to set off abscess formation. The microorganisms are non-motile and generally tend to develop in clusters. They are extraordinarily hardy and may continue to exist for extended durations of time on environmental surfaces. Staphylococci are identified in medical samples with the aid of using Gram stain and their function morphology – Gram positive cocci in grape-like clusters. They shape spherical frequently beta-hemolytic colonies on agar. It is characterized by the presence of the bacteria in different samples collected from different departments and the use of different antibiotic drugs and other medicines have increased the rate of infections. Some of the other risk factors includes the advanced ages and hospitalization. Staphylococcus aureus can be of different types like MRSA, MSSA, VRSA etc. Staphylococcus can cause infections in different ages it can infect child also or adult also. Different types of samples of Staphylococcus aureus can be identified using MALDI-TOF, MICROSCAN and BD PHOENIX and their interpretation of the antimicrobial susceptibility test can be given. Staphylococcus aureus is a major bacterial human pathogen that causes a wide variety of harmful diseases to the clinical manifestations. Infections caused by this bacterium are commonboth in community as well as hospital settings and treatment of the diseases caused by this remains challenging to manage. Because due to the emergence of its multi-drug resistant strainssuch as MRSA. Different drugs were used like Amp/Sulbactam, Ampicilin, Ceftriaxone, Ciprofloxacin, Clindamycin, Daptomycin, Erythomycin, Linezolid, Oxacillin, Rifampin, Synercid, Tetracycline, Teicoplanin, Vancomycin, Penicillin. The antimicrobial susceptibility test was done and their resistance percentage is calculated.
{"title":"Identification and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Staphylococcus Aureus from Clinical Samples of Tertiary Care Centre, North India","authors":"Ved Prakash Sharma","doi":"10.32628/ijsrst24114104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32628/ijsrst24114104","url":null,"abstract":"Staphylococci are contributors of the Micrococcaceae family. Staphylococcus aureus is the most common type of bacteria which causes infections in the humans. They are classically taken into consideration extracellular, pyogenic pathogens due to their capacity to set off abscess formation. The microorganisms are non-motile and generally tend to develop in clusters. They are extraordinarily hardy and may continue to exist for extended durations of time on environmental surfaces. Staphylococci are identified in medical samples with the aid of using Gram stain and their function morphology – Gram positive cocci in grape-like clusters. They shape spherical frequently beta-hemolytic colonies on agar. It is characterized by the presence of the bacteria in different samples collected from different departments and the use of different antibiotic drugs and other medicines have increased the rate of infections. Some of the other risk factors includes the advanced ages and hospitalization. Staphylococcus aureus can be of different types like MRSA, MSSA, VRSA etc. Staphylococcus can cause infections in different ages it can infect child also or adult also. Different types of samples of Staphylococcus aureus can be identified using MALDI-TOF, MICROSCAN and BD PHOENIX and their interpretation of the antimicrobial susceptibility test can be given. Staphylococcus aureus is a major bacterial human pathogen that causes a wide variety of harmful diseases to the clinical manifestations. Infections caused by this bacterium are commonboth in community as well as hospital settings and treatment of the diseases caused by this remains challenging to manage. Because due to the emergence of its multi-drug resistant strainssuch as MRSA. Different drugs were used like Amp/Sulbactam, Ampicilin, Ceftriaxone, Ciprofloxacin, Clindamycin, Daptomycin, Erythomycin, Linezolid, Oxacillin, Rifampin, Synercid, Tetracycline, Teicoplanin, Vancomycin, Penicillin. The antimicrobial susceptibility test was done and their resistance percentage is calculated.","PeriodicalId":14387,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology","volume":"116 40","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141666565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The research work focused on the synthesis and antimicrobial studies of complexes of Manganese (II), Cobalt (II) and Nickel (II) with 5-(-4-Chlorophenyl)-6ethylpyrimidinediamiane (pyrimethamine) which serve as ligand. The complexes were prepared by direct combination of aqueous solution of the metal ions with the solution of pyrimethamine drug in methanol. The metal complexes were then characterized by conductance measurement, determination of decomposition temperature and infrared spectral analysis. The spectral analysis shows the ligand as bidental and coordinates to the metals through the nitrogen atom of the respective amine groups. Elemental analysis shows that all the complexes have octahedral configuration [ML2CL2], Where L = Ligand and M = metal. Molar conductance measurement and decomposition temperature analysis indicate that all the complexes are stable, non-electrolytes chelates. Antimicrobial evaluation of the complexes shows varied degree of inhibitory effect against some bacterial and fungal isolates; staphylococcus aureus, escheria coli, salmonella typhi and mucor spp and Rhizopus spp. However the antimicrobial activity of Mn(II) complex was found to be greater than cobalt (II) and Nickel (II) Complexes.
研究工作的重点是锰 (II)、钴 (II) 和镍 (II) 与作为配体的 5-(-4-氯苯基)-6-乙基嘧啶二脒 (嘧霉胺) 复合物的合成和抗菌研究。这些配合物是通过将金属离子水溶液与甲醇中的嘧霉胺药物溶液直接结合而制备的。然后通过电导测量、分解温度测定和红外光谱分析对金属配合物进行了表征。光谱分析显示，配体为双价配体，通过各自胺基团的氮原子与金属配位。元素分析表明，所有配合物都具有八面体构型 [ML2CL2]，其中 L = 配体，M = 金属。摩尔电导测量和分解温度分析表明，所有配合物都是稳定的非电解质螯合物。复合物的抗菌评估表明，它们对一些细菌和真菌分离物（金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、伤寒沙门氏菌、粘菌属和根霉属）具有不同程度的抑制作用。
{"title":"Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Activities of Some Metal (Ii) Pyrimethamine Complexes","authors":"Tasiu Dahiru, Bilya Abdu, Dauda Hassan Lamuntani","doi":"10.32628/ijsrst24114106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32628/ijsrst24114106","url":null,"abstract":"The research work focused on the synthesis and antimicrobial studies of complexes of Manganese (II), Cobalt (II) and Nickel (II) with 5-(-4-Chlorophenyl)-6ethylpyrimidinediamiane (pyrimethamine) which serve as ligand. The complexes were prepared by direct combination of aqueous solution of the metal ions with the solution of pyrimethamine drug in methanol. The metal complexes were then characterized by conductance measurement, determination of decomposition temperature and infrared spectral analysis. The spectral analysis shows the ligand as bidental and coordinates to the metals through the nitrogen atom of the respective amine groups. Elemental analysis shows that all the complexes have octahedral configuration [ML2CL2], Where L = Ligand and M = metal. Molar conductance measurement and decomposition temperature analysis indicate that all the complexes are stable, non-electrolytes chelates. Antimicrobial evaluation of the complexes shows varied degree of inhibitory effect against some bacterial and fungal isolates; staphylococcus aureus, escheria coli, salmonella typhi and mucor spp and Rhizopus spp. However the antimicrobial activity of Mn(II) complex was found to be greater than cobalt (II) and Nickel (II) Complexes.","PeriodicalId":14387,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology","volume":" 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141668656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study analyzes the competitiveness, efficiency, and factors influencing Indonesia's essential oils exports using the Stochastic Frontier Gravity Model (SFGM). The main variables examined include Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), population, exchange rate, and geographical distance. The findings indicate that Indonesian essential oils are highly competitive in international markets, particularly in France, Spain, and Switzerland. Significant factors affecting export value include the real GDP of the destination country, RCA, population, exchange rate, and geographical distance. Additionally, inefficiency factors are influenced by area, language, business freedom, investment freedom, and financial freedom. Export efficiency is categorized into five levels. This study provides empirical insights into the impact of economic and non-economic factors on the export performance of Indonesian essential oils, offering valuable implications for policymakers and industry stakeholders to enhance global competitiveness and efficiency.
{"title":"Analysis of Competitiveness and Efficiency the Export of Essential Oils from Indonesia","authors":"Rahmatun Nisa, Tony Irawan, Widyastutik","doi":"10.32628/ijsrst24114103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32628/ijsrst24114103","url":null,"abstract":"This study analyzes the competitiveness, efficiency, and factors influencing Indonesia's essential oils exports using the Stochastic Frontier Gravity Model (SFGM). The main variables examined include Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), population, exchange rate, and geographical distance. The findings indicate that Indonesian essential oils are highly competitive in international markets, particularly in France, Spain, and Switzerland. Significant factors affecting export value include the real GDP of the destination country, RCA, population, exchange rate, and geographical distance. Additionally, inefficiency factors are influenced by area, language, business freedom, investment freedom, and financial freedom. Export efficiency is categorized into five levels. This study provides empirical insights into the impact of economic and non-economic factors on the export performance of Indonesian essential oils, offering valuable implications for policymakers and industry stakeholders to enhance global competitiveness and efficiency.","PeriodicalId":14387,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology","volume":" 486","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141669429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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