International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology最新文献

{"title":"Blood eosinophil percentage as a triage signal in pediatric allergic Rhinitis: Data-Driven cut-offs from a public cohort","authors":"Xiaoxiao Huang ,&nbsp;Jun Chen ,&nbsp;Tong Wu ,&nbsp;Chi Wang ,&nbsp;Bo Ning ,&nbsp;Lijuan Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112677","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112677","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Clinicians need simple, clinic-ready rules to sort children with allergic rhinitis (AR) by near-term symptom burden. We examined whether peripheral blood eosinophil percentage (Eos %) yields useable thresholds for first-pass triage.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We performed a cross-sectional secondary analysis of a public pediatric dataset, including children with AR and non-missing Eos % and Total Nasal Symptom Score (TNSS). “High burden” was prespecified as TNSS ≥21 (cohort upper quartile). We estimated ROC/AUC, derived the Youden cut-off with 1000-bootstrap CIs, and identified targeted operating points emphasizing high sensitivity (≥0.80) or high specificity (≥0.80). Clinical utility was assessed using decision curve analysis (DCA) for threshold probabilities 0.15–0.30. Sensitivity analyses varied the TNSS cut-point and stratified by sex.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 199 children, 26.6 % met the high-burden definition. Eos % discrimination was modest (AUC 0.606; 95 % CI 0.518–0.699). The Youden cut-off was 6.8 % (95 % CI 2.8–9.1), yielding sensitivity 0.53 and specificity 0.68 (accuracy 0.64; PPV 0.37; NPV 0.80). A ∼3.7 % rule achieved sensitivity 0.81/specificity 0.33, whereas an ∼8.5 % rule achieved specificity 0.81/sensitivity 0.32. DCA supported fixed rules in the 6–8 % band compared with treat-all/none for pt = 0.15–0.30. Findings were directionally consistent using TNSS ≥20 or ≥22 and across sex strata (boys: AUC 0.569, optimal 6.8 %; girls: AUC 0.691, optimal 3.1 %).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Eosinophil percentage (Eos %) exhibited modest discriminatory ability (AUC 0.606; 95 % CI 0.518–0.699) for triage in pediatric allergic rhinitis. Low thresholds of ∼3–4 % for screening, 6–8 % for balanced triage (optimal ∼6.8 %), and ∼8–9 % for confirmation offered limited utility when combined with symptom assessments. Due to weak performance, CI proximity to 0.5, and false-positive risk (e.g., PPV 0.37 at optimal cutoff), Eos % is inadequate alone and serves only as a weak complementary signal; prospective validation is essential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":"200 ","pages":"Article 112677"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145787238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Newborn Hearing Screening to Diagnosis: A Clinical Study of 15,818 Cases","authors":"Yanmin Chen M.M ,&nbsp;Feiwei An PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112701","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112701","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To analyze the epidemiological characteristics, risk factors, and follow-up outcomes of neonatal hearing loss, thereby providing a basis for optimizing screening and intervention strategies.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 15,818 newborns born at Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital between January and December 2022 were enrolled. Initial screening was conducted using distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE). Infants who referred underwent rescreening with a combination of DPOAE and automated auditory brainstem response(AABR), and those who failed were referred for comprehensive diagnostic evaluation at 3 months of age, including auditory brainstem response(ABR), auditory steady-state response(ASSR), and acoustic immittance testing. Pass rates and loss-to-follow-up rates at each stage were analyzed, along with the characteristics and risk factors of confirmed hearing loss.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the cohort, 15,643 newborns completed the initial screening, with a pass rate of 96.71%. Forty-six cases were confirmed with hearing loss, yielding a detection rate of 2.94 per 1,000. The pass rate for the right ear (97.93%) was significantly higher than for the left ear (97.55%) (P &lt; 0.001). Among the diagnosed cases, hearing loss was predominantly unilateral (56.52%), mild-to-moderate in degree (73.91%), and conductive in type (50.00%). The primary risk factors identified were preterm birth (30.43%), low birth weight (17.39%), craniofacial anomalies (15.22%), and hyperbilirubinemia (13.04%). Follow-up and genetic testing were completed for 42 infants. Pathogenic variants in GJB2 or SLC26A4 genes were identified in 4 cases (9.52%). Hearing returned to normal in 10 infants (23.81%), while the hearing status of those with severe-to-profound loss remained stable. A significant difference was observed in the distribution of hearing loss between the initial diagnosis and follow-up (P &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study found a neonatal hearing loss detection rate consistent with previous reports, observed a higher screening pass rate in the right ear. The hearing loss was predominantly unilateral and mild-to-moderate, with follow-up revealing a dichotomous trend of either spontaneous recovery or persistence. This pattern highlights the necessity of enhancing follow-up management during the critical window between rescreening and diagnosis, and of formulating stratified and individualized intervention and follow-up protocols.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":"201 ","pages":"Article 112701"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145881804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using the gait disorientation test to measure spatial navigation in children with cochlear implants","authors":"Emma Kingsley ,&nbsp;Andrew Wagner ,&nbsp;Jessie N. Patterson ,&nbsp;Amanda Chiao ,&nbsp;Bisma Choudhry ,&nbsp;Jennifer Christy ,&nbsp;Kristen L. Janky","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112632","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112632","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The vestibular system is a collection of inertial organs that allow humans, and most other organisms, to remain appropriately oriented relative to earth's gravitational forces. A growing body of literature has identified a link between vestibular dysfunction and spatial cognitive abilities in both asymptomatic older adults and adults with confirmed vestibular loss. However, vestibular loss is also common among children with cochlear implants (CCI), with as many as 50 % showing evidence of concurrent vestibular dysfunction. Yet, how vestibular loss influences spatial cognition in CCI is limited. The primary objective of this study was to determine the impact of hearing loss and combined hearing plus vestibular loss on spatial cognitive performance by administering a mobility-based test of spatial navigation, the Gait Disorientation Test (GDT), in CCI and children with normal hearing and vestibular function.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>This was a cross-sectional study involving 84 children: 36 children with normal hearing (CNH), 31 CCI and normal vestibular function (CCI-NV), 9 CCI and unilateral vestibular loss (CCI-UVL) and 8 CCI and bilateral vestibular loss (CCI-BVL). The Bruininks Oseretsky Test of motor proficiency, 2nd edition (BOT-2) and the video head impulse test (vHIT) were performed alongside a measure of spatial navigation, the GDT, which was determined for each child by measuring differences in gait speed between eyes open and eyes closed walking conditions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There was no significant difference in GDT scores between the CNH (1.89 s), CCI-NV (1.91 s), CCI-UVL (2.28 s), and CCI-BVL (1.52 s) groups (Kruskal Wallis, H = 0.29, p = 0.96). Gait speed during the eyes closed portion of the GDT was not significantly different between the four groups (Kruskal Wallis, H = 1.53, p = 0.68); however, CNH (5.9 s) and CCI-BVL (6.21 s) each walked significantly slower than the CCI-NV (5.09 s) in the eyes open portion of the GDT. There was however an apparent stepwise change in BOT-2 balance scores, with lower performance amongst children with CCI and vestibular loss (Kruskal Wallis, H = 37.91, p &lt; 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Unlike adults with vestibular loss, these data show that children with vestibular loss do not display significantly impaired spatial navigation relative to CNH and normal vestibular function. These data are consistent with the existence of unique compensatory responses to vestibular loss occurring later in life compared to at birth or early in development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 112632"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145504010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Holiday letter 2025","authors":"Joseph E. Kerschner MD (Editor-in-Chief)","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112649","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112649","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 112649"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145582076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pediatric idiopathic tracheal stenosis – A scoping review of the literature and case series of an unclassified pathology","authors":"Daniel G. Eyassu ,&nbsp;Natasha S. Lee ,&nbsp;Hawa M. Ali ,&nbsp;Cody L. Messick ,&nbsp;Katerina J. Green ,&nbsp;Joshua P. Wiedermann","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112617","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112617","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Pediatric tracheal stenosis is commonly caused by congenital or iatrogenic etiologies. This study introduces pediatric idiopathic tracheal stenosis (PITS) to refer to a cohort of pediatric patients with idiopathic multilevel large airway stenosis. This study proposes a novel treatment strategy trialed in four patients and reviews the literature for similar disease patterns.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A literature search was conducted including studies of patients under 18-years-old with tracheal stenosis of unknown etiology, yielding 6 included studies. We contribute four patients treated with CO2 laser wedge excision of tracheal scar, mitomycin C application, and triamcinolone injection followed by postoperative triple therapy with omeprazole, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and inhaled fluticasone.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A review of literature found seven similar cases, with high recurrence rates and no consensus on management strategies. In our case series, four pediatric patients (ages 9–14) with refractory idiopathic tracheal stenosis presented with chronic respiratory symptoms. All patients had multilevel spiral tracheal scarring with involvement of the carina and eosinophils in mucosal biopsies. Work-ups for infectious, immune, or genetic causes were uniformly negative. Initial treatments, including medical therapy and balloon dilations, failed. Definitive management with our proposed regimen led to sustained symptom remission in all cases (6 months–2.75 years).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>PITS is sparsely described in the literature with no existing treatment consensus. We propose a novel treatment regimen that demonstrated remission of disease in this limited case series. The exploration of treatment regimens is a priority in furthering the outcomes for pediatric patients with this unique and rare airway disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 112617"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145451754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between MRI brain abnormalities with post-implant auditory and speech outcomes among paediatric cochlear implant candidates","authors":"Muhammad Hazim Azizul ,&nbsp;Chai Jia Ning ,&nbsp;Erica Yee Hing ,&nbsp;Chong Chia Yin ,&nbsp;Goh Bee See ,&nbsp;Asma Abdullah ,&nbsp;Wan Fazlina Wan Hashim ,&nbsp;Norazlin Kamal Nor ,&nbsp;Faizah Mohd Zaki","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112559","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112559","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 112559"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145464310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterizing the spectrum and clinical impact of GJB2 mutations in patients with hearing loss: Insights into genetic variability and phenotypic outcomes","authors":"Elaheh Akhbari ,&nbsp;Rahil Salehi ,&nbsp;Majid Tafrihi ,&nbsp;Reza Jafarzadeh Esfehani","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112634","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112634","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study analyzed GJB2 (connexin 26) mutations and their association with hearing loss severity in Iranian nonsyndromic hearing loss (NSHL) patients, addressing a prevalent genetic cause of hearing impairment worldwide.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This research was conducted on a cohort of individuals referred for genetic counseling for hearing loss, as well as asymptomatic individuals with a family history of NSHL. Participants were included based on confirmed diagnoses of hearing impairment without syndromic features or environmental causes. Every individual was analyzed for GJB2 mutations using sanger sequencing method. Hearing impairment was classified into four categories—mild, moderate, severe, and profound—based on pure-tone audiometry.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In a cohort of 282 participants, the c.35delG mutation was the most frequent variant, present in 54.5 % of individuals with hearing impairment. This mutation was found in 12 homozygous cases, 6 heterozygotes, and 1 compound heterozygote, with a strong association with profound hearing impairment (p &lt; 0.01). The c.487A &gt; G variant was the second most common, identified in 14 patients and significantly correlated with severe-to-profound hearing loss (p &lt; 0.05). Less frequent variants, including c.71G &gt; A, c.88A &gt; G, and c.193T &gt; A, exhibited diverse clinical presentations, ranging from mild to profound impairment. Two compound heterozygous cases also highlighted the combined effects of multiple mutations, with both cases presenting with profound hearing loss.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study underscores the significant role of GJB2 mutations, particularly c.35delG and c.487A &gt; G, in NSHL and their strong correlation with severe-to-profound hearing impairment in northeastern Iran. The findings highlight the need for region-specific screening programs to identify high-risk variants, guide genetic counseling, and enable early intervention. Moreover, comprehensive <em>GJB2</em> sequencing within broader hearing loss gene panels is recommended to capture heterogeneous variants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 112634"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145464312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Universal newborn hearing screening in Kuwait: Outcomes and implications for national implementation","authors":"Aseel Almeqbel","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112629","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112629","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 112629"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145458623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fear of missing out (FoMO) and smartphone addiction among adolescents using cochlear implants and hearing aids: A cross-sectional assessment","authors":"Emre Söylemez ,&nbsp;Yusuf Oktay Atılgan ,&nbsp;Cihangir Karakaya ,&nbsp;Mehmet Başcıllar ,&nbsp;Ferhat Toper ,&nbsp;Serdar Ensari","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112631","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112631","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The aim of this study is to examine the levels of smartphone addiction and fear of missing out (FoMO) among adolescents with hearing loss, and to analyze the relationships between these factors and social anxiety.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The study included 26 adolescents with hearing loss (SNHL group) who use hearing aids (HA) or cochlear implants (CI) and communicate through oral language, along with 26 adolescents without hearing loss (control group). The degree of hearing loss and the use of HA/CI among participants with hearing loss, as well as smartphone usage characteristics for all participants, were documented. All individuals completed the Smartphone Addiction Scale–Short Version (SAS-SV), the Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescents (SAS-A), and the Turkish version of the Fear of Missing Out Scale (T-FoMOS).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Adolescents in the SNHL group had significantly higher scores on the T-FoMOS, SAS-SV, and social anxiety in novel situations subscale of the SAS-A compared to those in the control group (p &lt; 0.05). Additionally, adolescents with SNHL reported using smartphones for gaming significantly more often than their peers without hearing loss (p = 0.025). There was a positive correlation between T-FoMOS, SAS-SV, and SAS-A scores (p &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings suggest that children with hearing loss may differ from their peers with typical hearing in terms of their relationship with digital media and psychosocial characteristics, even when they benefit from auditory devices such as CIs or HAs. Therefore, it is important to monitor smartphone use in children with hearing loss and to provide early support for managing FoMO and social anxiety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 112631"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145451809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patients with allergic rhinitis are more likely to need a secondary adenoidectomy after 6 months","authors":"Sofia Piperno ,&nbsp;Truman Archer ,&nbsp;Sawyer Archer ,&nbsp;Elizabeth McCarthy ,&nbsp;Delaney E.S. Clark ,&nbsp;Brian P. Quinlan ,&nbsp;Harold Pine","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112646","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112646","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Adenoidectomy, without concomitant procedures like tonsillectomy, is the third most common ambulatory pediatric operation. Allergic rhinitis is a common comorbidity that is known to cause adenoid hypertrophy. With time and progression, adenoid hypertrophy can become symptomatic and necessitate removal. Our aim is to assess how patients diagnosed with allergic rhinitis affect the need for a secondary adenoidectomy over time.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We queried the TriNetX database and produced the statistical analysis for this project. The control group consisted of patients who have not been diagnosed with allergic rhinitis and have undergone a primary adenoidectomy. Cohorts were balanced using native TriNetX propensity matching before analysis. Outcomes measured included the presence of secondary adenoidectomy after 0–0.5, 0.5–1, 1–2, 2–3, 3–4, 4–5, 5–7, and 7+ years of primary adenoidectomy.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>65,106 patients were assessed with a mean average age of 6.36 ± 7.82 and 6.34 ± 7.71 years between the control and experimental group. There was no difference in secondary adenoidectomy occurrences between the two groups between 1 day and 0.5 years after primary adenoidectomy (p = 0.896, RR 1.632 (0.922,2.888)). There was a difference between 0.5 and 1 year (p &lt; 0.0001), 1–2 years (p &lt; 0.0001), 2–3 years (p &lt; 0.0001), 3–4 years (p = 0.001), 4–5 years (p = 0.001), 5–7 years (p = 0.0002), and more than 7 years (p = 0.0023).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>After 0.5 years of primary adenoidectomy surgery, patients diagnosed with allergic rhinitis are more likely to need a secondary adenoidectomy compared to their counterparts not diagnosed with allergic rhinitis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 112646"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145512465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}