Alfio Torrisi, A.M. Roszkowska, M. Cutroneo, L. Silipigni, L. Torrisi
Abstract Intraocular lens (IOL) made on Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) has been irradiated by a UV lamp at different exposure times, in air and at room temperature. The macromolecular modifications induced in the lens have been investigated using attenuated total reflectance (ATR) coupled to Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and Optical spectroscopy. Particular attention was devoted to the study of chemical modifications by UV irradiation, which induced chain scissions in the superficial PMMA layers. Results demonstrated that the lens transmission to the visible radiation is not particularly reduced by a long exposition to UV radiation at a fluence of 200 mJ/cm2, up to 19 h.
{"title":"Irradiation of PMMA intraocular lenses by a 365 nm UV lamp","authors":"Alfio Torrisi, A.M. Roszkowska, M. Cutroneo, L. Silipigni, L. Torrisi","doi":"10.1515/ipp-2024-0029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ipp-2024-0029","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Intraocular lens (IOL) made on Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) has been irradiated by a UV lamp at different exposure times, in air and at room temperature. The macromolecular modifications induced in the lens have been investigated using attenuated total reflectance (ATR) coupled to Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and Optical spectroscopy. Particular attention was devoted to the study of chemical modifications by UV irradiation, which induced chain scissions in the superficial PMMA layers. Results demonstrated that the lens transmission to the visible radiation is not particularly reduced by a long exposition to UV radiation at a fluence of 200 mJ/cm2, up to 19 h.","PeriodicalId":14410,"journal":{"name":"International Polymer Processing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141680505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sasi Kumar Mani, Sathish Selvaraj, Gokulkumar Sivanantham, Felix Sahayaraj Arockiasamy, Jenish Iyyadurai, Makeshkumar Mani
Abstract Increasing environmental awareness and concerns about global warming have resulted in a significant demand for sustainable and eco-friendly resources, such as naturally available fibers, that can be suitable alternatives to petroleum/synthetic materials such as glass, carbon and Kevlar in reinforced composites. The exploration of natural fibers as reinforcements in composites is increasing in popularity, particularly in the development of transport and household components. However, natural fibers also have a few limitations that should be addressed appropriately, including lack of compatibility between fiber-matrix, fiber swelling, excess absorption of moisture, resistance to chemicals and fire. Consequently, various processes have been used to improve the fiber surface, to obtain a better fiber–matrix interface. The primary objective of this work is to review the impact that a 5 % NaOH (sodium hydroxide) treatment has on the chemical, mechanical, and thermal properties of natural fiber-reinforced composites (NFRC).
{"title":"Advancements in chemical modifications using NaOH to explore the chemical, mechanical and thermal properties of natural fiber polymer composites (NFPC)","authors":"Sasi Kumar Mani, Sathish Selvaraj, Gokulkumar Sivanantham, Felix Sahayaraj Arockiasamy, Jenish Iyyadurai, Makeshkumar Mani","doi":"10.1515/ipp-2024-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ipp-2024-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Increasing environmental awareness and concerns about global warming have resulted in a significant demand for sustainable and eco-friendly resources, such as naturally available fibers, that can be suitable alternatives to petroleum/synthetic materials such as glass, carbon and Kevlar in reinforced composites. The exploration of natural fibers as reinforcements in composites is increasing in popularity, particularly in the development of transport and household components. However, natural fibers also have a few limitations that should be addressed appropriately, including lack of compatibility between fiber-matrix, fiber swelling, excess absorption of moisture, resistance to chemicals and fire. Consequently, various processes have been used to improve the fiber surface, to obtain a better fiber–matrix interface. The primary objective of this work is to review the impact that a 5 % NaOH (sodium hydroxide) treatment has on the chemical, mechanical, and thermal properties of natural fiber-reinforced composites (NFRC).","PeriodicalId":14410,"journal":{"name":"International Polymer Processing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141687766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Joshua O. Ighalo, C. A. Adeyanju, C. Igwegbe, A. Adeniyi
Abstract Microstructural analysis is an important technique to study the extent of interaction between metal fillers and polymers. The aim of this study is to review the investigations on the microstructural properties of metal-reinforced polymer composites. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) operating at a magnification range of 2,500× is typically used for examining the microstructure of the composites. Microstructural analysis reveals two key qualitative informations, dispersion and interfacial adhesion. It was observed from the review that flaky metal fillers will maximise dispersion and interfacial adhesion hence leading to improved mechanical, tribological, electrical, and thermal properties of the composites. Utilizing ternary metallic components helps to eliminate aggregation because the cohesion of metal particles is limited. It is important that future microstructural studies evaluate nano-sized fillers as compared to micro-sized ones. Also, it is important to quantitatively correlate the arrangement of the fillers to macro-scale properties and finite element analysis is an important tool that can help achieving this.
{"title":"Probing the microstructural properties of metal-reinforced polymer composites","authors":"Joshua O. Ighalo, C. A. Adeyanju, C. Igwegbe, A. Adeniyi","doi":"10.1515/ipp-2023-4434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ipp-2023-4434","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Microstructural analysis is an important technique to study the extent of interaction between metal fillers and polymers. The aim of this study is to review the investigations on the microstructural properties of metal-reinforced polymer composites. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) operating at a magnification range of 2,500× is typically used for examining the microstructure of the composites. Microstructural analysis reveals two key qualitative informations, dispersion and interfacial adhesion. It was observed from the review that flaky metal fillers will maximise dispersion and interfacial adhesion hence leading to improved mechanical, tribological, electrical, and thermal properties of the composites. Utilizing ternary metallic components helps to eliminate aggregation because the cohesion of metal particles is limited. It is important that future microstructural studies evaluate nano-sized fillers as compared to micro-sized ones. Also, it is important to quantitatively correlate the arrangement of the fillers to macro-scale properties and finite element analysis is an important tool that can help achieving this.","PeriodicalId":14410,"journal":{"name":"International Polymer Processing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141711121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
William C. L. Silva, Júlia N. S. Almeida, Natália F. I. Silva, Isabela C. B. Pereira, Ítalo R. B. A. Sousa, Jakeline R. D. Santos, Marcelo M. Ueki, Luciano Pisanu, Luís H. S. Santos, Eliton S. Medeiros, Renate M. R. Wellen, Josiane D. V. Barbosa, Amélia S. F. Santos
Abstract In this work we investigate the influence of closed (“C”) or open (“O”) extrusion degassing, and low (5 MPa – “L”) or high (90 MPa – “H”) holding pressure during injection molding on the properties of wood-plastic composite (WPC) based on high-density polyethylene (HDPE) flakes compatibilized with 5 wt% maleic anhydride-modified polyethylene (MAPE), 5 wt% lubricant (Struktol® TPW 113), and 40 wt% cashew nutshell powder (CNSP). Two reference compounds were extruded with closed degassing and injected at 90 MPa of holding pressure: (1) HDPE flakes extruded with 5 wt% MAPE and 5 wt% Struktol® TPW 113 (HDPEad_C-H) and (2) HDPE flakes previously melt mixed in an internal mixer with 5 wt% CNSL (HDPEr/5CNSL) and then extruded with the same additive content (HDPEad/5CNSL_C-H). At 90 MPa holding pressure, the extract content of WPC slightly increased and CNSL acted as a lubricant and poor plasticizing agent, reducing the crystallinity and density of the additivated matrix (HDPEad_C-H), increasing the flow rate without significantly changing the tensile strength. On the other hand, low holding pressure (5 MPa) favored the volatilization and expansion of the residual CNSL in the WPC, which acted as a blowing agent improving filling of the mold cavity and avoiding sink marks. Sample extruded with open degassing (atmospheric pressure) did not significantly change the extract content, but favored CNSL diffusion from particles to matrix, which subsequently during injection molding led to its entrapment at the interface, resulting in low adhesion, especially at high holding pressure that hinders CNSL expansion and vaporization. These findings contribute to understand the role of residual CNSL of CNSP in WPC properties and thus, to strengthen the plastics recycling chain and reduce carbon footprint.
{"title":"Evaluation of the processing conditions on the production of expanded or plasticized wood plastic composite with cashew nutshell powder","authors":"William C. L. Silva, Júlia N. S. Almeida, Natália F. I. Silva, Isabela C. B. Pereira, Ítalo R. B. A. Sousa, Jakeline R. D. Santos, Marcelo M. Ueki, Luciano Pisanu, Luís H. S. Santos, Eliton S. Medeiros, Renate M. R. Wellen, Josiane D. V. Barbosa, Amélia S. F. Santos","doi":"10.1515/ipp-2023-4472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ipp-2023-4472","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this work we investigate the influence of closed (“C”) or open (“O”) extrusion degassing, and low (5 MPa – “L”) or high (90 MPa – “H”) holding pressure during injection molding on the properties of wood-plastic composite (WPC) based on high-density polyethylene (HDPE) flakes compatibilized with 5 wt% maleic anhydride-modified polyethylene (MAPE), 5 wt% lubricant (Struktol® TPW 113), and 40 wt% cashew nutshell powder (CNSP). Two reference compounds were extruded with closed degassing and injected at 90 MPa of holding pressure: (1) HDPE flakes extruded with 5 wt% MAPE and 5 wt% Struktol® TPW 113 (HDPEad_C-H) and (2) HDPE flakes previously melt mixed in an internal mixer with 5 wt% CNSL (HDPEr/5CNSL) and then extruded with the same additive content (HDPEad/5CNSL_C-H). At 90 MPa holding pressure, the extract content of WPC slightly increased and CNSL acted as a lubricant and poor plasticizing agent, reducing the crystallinity and density of the additivated matrix (HDPEad_C-H), increasing the flow rate without significantly changing the tensile strength. On the other hand, low holding pressure (5 MPa) favored the volatilization and expansion of the residual CNSL in the WPC, which acted as a blowing agent improving filling of the mold cavity and avoiding sink marks. Sample extruded with open degassing (atmospheric pressure) did not significantly change the extract content, but favored CNSL diffusion from particles to matrix, which subsequently during injection molding led to its entrapment at the interface, resulting in low adhesion, especially at high holding pressure that hinders CNSL expansion and vaporization. These findings contribute to understand the role of residual CNSL of CNSP in WPC properties and thus, to strengthen the plastics recycling chain and reduce carbon footprint.","PeriodicalId":14410,"journal":{"name":"International Polymer Processing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141353969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chi Nghia Chung, C. Marschik, M. H. Akhras, Thomas Höftberger, C. Burgstaller, G. Steinbichler
Extrusion is a key process in mechanical recycling. In a degassing step, volatile components, including all impurities and moisture, are removed from a polymer melt to ensure consistently high quality of the recyclates. Predicting devolatilization performance is therefore of interest in the design of degassing screws; in the plastics industry, it also plays an important role in the transition from a linear to a circular economy. Using two different devolatilization models, we first modelled the degassing process of a lab-scale twin-screw extruder and an industrial-scale recycling single-screw extruder. We then predicted the devolatilization performance of both machines, validated the results with experimental data obtained from emissions tests carried out with post-industrial and post-consumer polypropylene materials and performed linear regression analysis to compare our two models in terms of predictive quality. Our results showed that both models are equally suitable for reliable prediction of the devolatilization performance.
{"title":"An experimental validation of diffusion-based devolatilization models in extruders using post-industrial and post-consumer plastic waste","authors":"Chi Nghia Chung, C. Marschik, M. H. Akhras, Thomas Höftberger, C. Burgstaller, G. Steinbichler","doi":"10.1515/ipp-2024-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ipp-2024-0011","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Extrusion is a key process in mechanical recycling. In a degassing step, volatile components, including all impurities and moisture, are removed from a polymer melt to ensure consistently high quality of the recyclates. Predicting devolatilization performance is therefore of interest in the design of degassing screws; in the plastics industry, it also plays an important role in the transition from a linear to a circular economy. Using two different devolatilization models, we first modelled the degassing process of a lab-scale twin-screw extruder and an industrial-scale recycling single-screw extruder. We then predicted the devolatilization performance of both machines, validated the results with experimental data obtained from emissions tests carried out with post-industrial and post-consumer polypropylene materials and performed linear regression analysis to compare our two models in terms of predictive quality. Our results showed that both models are equally suitable for reliable prediction of the devolatilization performance.","PeriodicalId":14410,"journal":{"name":"International Polymer Processing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140961869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A hybrid composite incorporating veli karuvelam and peepal fibers was fabricated, with the addition of nanosilica as a filler to enhance composite performance. The impact of nanosilica and layering sequence on the physical properties of the composites was investigated. Initially, two types of hybrid composites i.e. peepal/veli karuvelam/peepal (PVP) and veli karuvelam/peepal/veli karuvelam (VPV) were developed by means of hand layup method, varying the layering sequence of veli karuvelam and peepal fibers. The PVP composite was identified as the most promising based on tensile strength (71 MPa), attributed to the optimal packing of high-strength peepal fibers. Subsequently, nanosilica was incorporated into the PVP composite at different weight percentages (1, 2 and 3), and its influence on composite performance was analyzed. The PVP composite containing 2 wt% SiO2 showed impressive mechanical properties, with a tensile strength of 76 MPa, a flexural strength of 104 MPa, an impact strength of 4.5 kJ/m2, and a hardness of 89 on the Shore D scale. The findings indicate that a PVP composite containing 2 wt% SiO2 has potential for use in engineering applications.
{"title":"Influence of stacking sequence and nano-silica fortification on the physical properties of veli karuvelam – peepal hybrid natural composites","authors":"Suderson Krishna Pillai, Sivaprakash Muthukrishnan, Palaniswamy Duraisamy, Velmurugan Duraisamy","doi":"10.1515/ipp-2024-0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ipp-2024-0022","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 A hybrid composite incorporating veli karuvelam and peepal fibers was fabricated, with the addition of nanosilica as a filler to enhance composite performance. The impact of nanosilica and layering sequence on the physical properties of the composites was investigated. Initially, two types of hybrid composites i.e. peepal/veli karuvelam/peepal (PVP) and veli karuvelam/peepal/veli karuvelam (VPV) were developed by means of hand layup method, varying the layering sequence of veli karuvelam and peepal fibers. The PVP composite was identified as the most promising based on tensile strength (71 MPa), attributed to the optimal packing of high-strength peepal fibers. Subsequently, nanosilica was incorporated into the PVP composite at different weight percentages (1, 2 and 3), and its influence on composite performance was analyzed. The PVP composite containing 2 wt% SiO2 showed impressive mechanical properties, with a tensile strength of 76 MPa, a flexural strength of 104 MPa, an impact strength of 4.5 kJ/m2, and a hardness of 89 on the Shore D scale. The findings indicate that a PVP composite containing 2 wt% SiO2 has potential for use in engineering applications.","PeriodicalId":14410,"journal":{"name":"International Polymer Processing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140996123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Adeniyi, S. Abdulkareem, E. Emenike, Mubarak A. Amoloye, A. O. Ezzat, K. Iwuozor, H. Al-Lohedan, I. P. Oyekunle, Amzat Ayomide Majiyagbe
This research investigates the production of composite materials by utilizing a polystyrene-based resin (PBR) as the matrix and a blend of coconut fiber (CF) and rubber tire (RT) as fillers. The composites were produced in varying proportions, and their mechanical and chemical properties were characterized through hardness tests, Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analyses. The findings highlight the notable influence of filler type and proportion on the mechanical and chemical attributes of the composites. The hardness tests demonstrated a substantial enhancement in composite hardness with the incorporation of CF and RT fillers, with CF exerting a more pronounced effect. FTIR analysis disclosed the presence of aromatic and aliphatic groups in all composites, and the introduction of CF and RT particles led to the emergence of additional peaks. EDS analysis indicated that carbon was the predominant element in all composites, followed by oxygen, while the SEM images revealed a heterogeneous microstructure for all composites, with good dispersion of CF and RT particles in the PBR matrix. The resulting composites exhibit potential applications in diverse fields such as construction, automotive, and packaging.
{"title":"Impact of filler type and proportion on the performance of rubberized coconut fiber-polystyrene composites","authors":"A. Adeniyi, S. Abdulkareem, E. Emenike, Mubarak A. Amoloye, A. O. Ezzat, K. Iwuozor, H. Al-Lohedan, I. P. Oyekunle, Amzat Ayomide Majiyagbe","doi":"10.1515/ipp-2024-0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ipp-2024-0019","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This research investigates the production of composite materials by utilizing a polystyrene-based resin (PBR) as the matrix and a blend of coconut fiber (CF) and rubber tire (RT) as fillers. The composites were produced in varying proportions, and their mechanical and chemical properties were characterized through hardness tests, Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analyses. The findings highlight the notable influence of filler type and proportion on the mechanical and chemical attributes of the composites. The hardness tests demonstrated a substantial enhancement in composite hardness with the incorporation of CF and RT fillers, with CF exerting a more pronounced effect. FTIR analysis disclosed the presence of aromatic and aliphatic groups in all composites, and the introduction of CF and RT particles led to the emergence of additional peaks. EDS analysis indicated that carbon was the predominant element in all composites, followed by oxygen, while the SEM images revealed a heterogeneous microstructure for all composites, with good dispersion of CF and RT particles in the PBR matrix. The resulting composites exhibit potential applications in diverse fields such as construction, automotive, and packaging.","PeriodicalId":14410,"journal":{"name":"International Polymer Processing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140998337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This investigation aims to elucidate friction and wear features of additively manufactured recycled-ABS components by utilizing neural network algorithms. In that sense, it is the first initiative in the technical literature and brings fused deposition modeling (FDM) technology, recycled filament-based products, and artificial neural network strategies together to estimate the friction coefficient and volume loss outcomes. In the experimental stage, to provide the required data for five different neural algorithms, dry-sliding wear tests, and hardness measurements were conducted. As FDM printing variables, layer thickness (0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 mm), infill rate (40, 70, and 100 %), and building direction (vertical, and horizontal) were selected. The obtained results pointed out that vertically built samples usually had lower wear resistance than the horizontally built samples. This case can be clarified with the initially measured hardness levels of horizontally built samples and optical microscopic analyses. Besides, the Levenberg Marquard (LM) algorithm was the best option to foresee the wear outputs compared to other approaches. Considering all error levels in this paper, the offered results by neural networks are notably acceptable for the real industrial usage of material, mechanical, and manufacturing engineering areas.
{"title":"Estimation of friction and wear properties of additively manufactured recycled-ABS parts using artificial neural network approach: effects of layer thickness, infill rate, and building direction","authors":"Ç. Bolat, Abdulkadir Cebi, Sarp Çoban, B. Ergene","doi":"10.1515/ipp-2023-4481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ipp-2023-4481","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This investigation aims to elucidate friction and wear features of additively manufactured recycled-ABS components by utilizing neural network algorithms. In that sense, it is the first initiative in the technical literature and brings fused deposition modeling (FDM) technology, recycled filament-based products, and artificial neural network strategies together to estimate the friction coefficient and volume loss outcomes. In the experimental stage, to provide the required data for five different neural algorithms, dry-sliding wear tests, and hardness measurements were conducted. As FDM printing variables, layer thickness (0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 mm), infill rate (40, 70, and 100 %), and building direction (vertical, and horizontal) were selected. The obtained results pointed out that vertically built samples usually had lower wear resistance than the horizontally built samples. This case can be clarified with the initially measured hardness levels of horizontally built samples and optical microscopic analyses. Besides, the Levenberg Marquard (LM) algorithm was the best option to foresee the wear outputs compared to other approaches. Considering all error levels in this paper, the offered results by neural networks are notably acceptable for the real industrial usage of material, mechanical, and manufacturing engineering areas.","PeriodicalId":14410,"journal":{"name":"International Polymer Processing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140659961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Halimi, F. M. L. Rekbi, O. Mimouni, Ö. Özbek, Wahiba Djerir, A. Rezzoug
The current work aimed at investigating experimentally the weave pattern effects on the mechanical and dynamic behaviors of polymer matrix composite laminates. The laminates composed of three different weave types (plain, satin, and twill) of woven glass fabric and STR Medapoxy epoxy resin were fabricated via vacuum molding. Static bending experiments were applied to determine the influence of the weave pattern on the mechanical characteristics of the samples. The failure behaviors of the samples were also examined by optical and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analyses. Additionally, Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) in the temperature range of 25–200 °C at 1 Hz frequency was conducted to investigate the dynamic characteristics of the samples. It was found that the samples having satin weave type had the best flexural modulus followed by the plain and twill weaves. However, the twill weave laminates exhibited better storage modulus at glass transition temperature values (T g) compared to the others. Also, an increase of 3.3 °C in glass transition temperature was observed compared to that of neat resin. This was attributed to the better fiber/matrix adhesion and the lower molecular mobility in the polymer chain by the addition of glass twill fibers.
{"title":"An experimental study of weave pattern effect on the mechanical and dynamic behavior of composite laminates","authors":"R. Halimi, F. M. L. Rekbi, O. Mimouni, Ö. Özbek, Wahiba Djerir, A. Rezzoug","doi":"10.1515/ipp-2023-4435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ipp-2023-4435","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The current work aimed at investigating experimentally the weave pattern effects on the mechanical and dynamic behaviors of polymer matrix composite laminates. The laminates composed of three different weave types (plain, satin, and twill) of woven glass fabric and STR Medapoxy epoxy resin were fabricated via vacuum molding. Static bending experiments were applied to determine the influence of the weave pattern on the mechanical characteristics of the samples. The failure behaviors of the samples were also examined by optical and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analyses. Additionally, Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) in the temperature range of 25–200 °C at 1 Hz frequency was conducted to investigate the dynamic characteristics of the samples. It was found that the samples having satin weave type had the best flexural modulus followed by the plain and twill weaves. However, the twill weave laminates exhibited better storage modulus at glass transition temperature values (T\u0000 g) compared to the others. Also, an increase of 3.3 °C in glass transition temperature was observed compared to that of neat resin. This was attributed to the better fiber/matrix adhesion and the lower molecular mobility in the polymer chain by the addition of glass twill fibers.","PeriodicalId":14410,"journal":{"name":"International Polymer Processing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140673263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Natural composites are gaining attention among researchers due to its characteristics like low density, eco-friendliness, and cost-effectiveness. However, their performance falls short when compared to traditional materials, necessitating research focused on enhancing the strength of natural composites. The limited attention given by researchers to Terminalia arjuna fiber, a natural fiber, prompted an exploration to unveil novel scientific insights into Terminalia arjuna fiber-based composites. This study involved the creation of a natural composite through the hand layup process, combining Terminalia arjuna fiber and epoxy resin. Additionally, nanofiller like silica (SiO2) were introduced as reinforcing agents. Various materials were fabricated for different weight percentages of fiber and particles. The assessment covered mechanical and water absorption characteristics. The composite composed of epoxy with 30 wt% Terminalia arjuna and 2 wt% SiO2 showcased excellent mechanical properties, including high tensile strength (74 MPa), flexural strength (98 MPa), impact resistance (6.6 kJ/m2), and hardness (90 shore-d). Furthermore, it demonstrated minimal water absorption (18.4 % after 10 days). This research suggests that the epoxy/Terminalia arjuna/2 wt% SiO2 composite could be a preferred choice for industrial applications due to its outstanding performance.
{"title":"Investigation on the mechanical and moisture uptake properties of epoxy-Terminalia arjuna fiber natural composites containing nano-silica","authors":"Karthick Arumugam, Mylsamy Kaliannagounder","doi":"10.1515/ipp-2023-4482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ipp-2023-4482","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Natural composites are gaining attention among researchers due to its characteristics like low density, eco-friendliness, and cost-effectiveness. However, their performance falls short when compared to traditional materials, necessitating research focused on enhancing the strength of natural composites. The limited attention given by researchers to Terminalia arjuna fiber, a natural fiber, prompted an exploration to unveil novel scientific insights into Terminalia arjuna fiber-based composites. This study involved the creation of a natural composite through the hand layup process, combining Terminalia arjuna fiber and epoxy resin. Additionally, nanofiller like silica (SiO2) were introduced as reinforcing agents. Various materials were fabricated for different weight percentages of fiber and particles. The assessment covered mechanical and water absorption characteristics. The composite composed of epoxy with 30 wt% Terminalia arjuna and 2 wt% SiO2 showcased excellent mechanical properties, including high tensile strength (74 MPa), flexural strength (98 MPa), impact resistance (6.6 kJ/m2), and hardness (90 shore-d). Furthermore, it demonstrated minimal water absorption (18.4 % after 10 days). This research suggests that the epoxy/Terminalia arjuna/2 wt% SiO2 composite could be a preferred choice for industrial applications due to its outstanding performance.","PeriodicalId":14410,"journal":{"name":"International Polymer Processing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140685517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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