Pub Date : 2021-01-31DOI: 10.7897/2230-8407.1201113
Shamsudeen Moideen, Muhammed Thoyyib Mk, Fathima Zerin Haris, A. Sunny, Neetha Vp
Scrub typhus is a rickettsial disease caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi. It is transmitted to humans via infected chiggers (larva of trombiculid mite). Eschar is a characteristic feature for the diagnosis of scrub typhus and other mite or tick-borne rickettsiosis. Immunofluorescence Antibody (IFA) test is the gold standard for the diagnosis, and doxycycline is the drug of choice for treatment of scrub typhus. We present a case series of scrub typhus in three patients from South India. All three patients presented with high grade fever and IgM scrub typhus was positive status in all cases. Doxycycline 100 mg twice daily for 7 days along with supportive care was effective in all the cases. Serum creatinine levels dropped to normal and renal status of all patients improved well with antimicrobial treatment. Early diagnosis of the infection is necessary as the disease as it can have multiple system involvement and serious complications.
{"title":"A CASE SERIES ON SCRUB TYPHUS","authors":"Shamsudeen Moideen, Muhammed Thoyyib Mk, Fathima Zerin Haris, A. Sunny, Neetha Vp","doi":"10.7897/2230-8407.1201113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7897/2230-8407.1201113","url":null,"abstract":"Scrub typhus is a rickettsial disease caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi. It is transmitted to humans via infected chiggers (larva of trombiculid mite). Eschar is a characteristic feature for the diagnosis of scrub typhus and other mite or tick-borne rickettsiosis. Immunofluorescence Antibody (IFA) test is the gold standard for the diagnosis, and doxycycline is the drug of choice for treatment of scrub typhus. We present a case series of scrub typhus in three patients from South India. All three patients presented with high grade fever and IgM scrub typhus was positive status in all cases. Doxycycline 100 mg twice daily for 7 days along with supportive care was effective in all the cases. Serum creatinine levels dropped to normal and renal status of all patients improved well with antimicrobial treatment. Early diagnosis of the infection is necessary as the disease as it can have multiple system involvement and serious complications.","PeriodicalId":14413,"journal":{"name":"International Research Journal Of Pharmacy","volume":"1 1","pages":"26-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85127231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-31DOI: 10.7897/2230-8407.1201116
P. Lakshmi, B. RamyaKuber
Introduction: Older patients are considered as special population, the pharmaceutical care with focus of increasing medication appropriateness and reducing medication related problems is needed. Elderly patients have a higher prevalence of chronic and multiple illness and physiological changes associated with aging may masquerade as illness. Aim & Objectives: To assess and evaluate the drug prescribing pattern and inappropriate prescribing by using beers criteria 2015 among Geriatric patients. Materials & Methodology: A prospective observational study was conducted in general medicine out-patient department, SVRRGGH, Tirupati for period of 6months.The patients of general medicine out-patient department with age above 65yrs old were included in the study. The Patients who are not willing to participate in the study, inpatients and terminally ill patients were excluded from the study. Results & Discussion: Among 200 patients, distribution of age majority of the patients is male (71%) followed by females (29%), Most of patients have multiple diseases (64%) followed by Single disease (29%). All potentially inappropriate medicines (PIMS) are classified as category A, B, C. Drugs have to be avoided in geriatric patients (Category A) being the most common category of inappropriate as per Beers criteria updated by American Geriatric Society 2015.Our study reported 174 drugs as PIMs. Conclusion: It is also necessary to improve the geriatric care, as this age group possess risk for many diseases and medication use. In future a multidisciplinary approach, steps to be taken involving physicians, nurses and pharmacists has a team for bringing out rational drug use in geriatric population.
{"title":"STUDY ON MEDICATION APPROPRIATENESS AMONG GERIATRICS IN TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL","authors":"P. Lakshmi, B. RamyaKuber","doi":"10.7897/2230-8407.1201116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7897/2230-8407.1201116","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Older patients are considered as special population, the pharmaceutical care with focus of increasing medication appropriateness and reducing medication related problems is needed. Elderly patients have a higher prevalence of chronic and multiple illness and physiological changes associated with aging may masquerade as illness. Aim & Objectives: To assess and evaluate the drug prescribing pattern and inappropriate prescribing by using beers criteria 2015 among Geriatric patients. Materials & Methodology: A prospective observational study was conducted in general medicine out-patient department, SVRRGGH, Tirupati for period of 6months.The patients of general medicine out-patient department with age above 65yrs old were included in the study. The Patients who are not willing to participate in the study, inpatients and terminally ill patients were excluded from the study. Results & Discussion: Among 200 patients, distribution of age majority of the patients is male (71%) followed by females (29%), Most of patients have multiple diseases (64%) followed by Single disease (29%). All potentially inappropriate medicines (PIMS) are classified as category A, B, C. Drugs have to be avoided in geriatric patients (Category A) being the most common category of inappropriate as per Beers criteria updated by American Geriatric Society 2015.Our study reported 174 drugs as PIMs. Conclusion: It is also necessary to improve the geriatric care, as this age group possess risk for many diseases and medication use. In future a multidisciplinary approach, steps to be taken involving physicians, nurses and pharmacists has a team for bringing out rational drug use in geriatric population.","PeriodicalId":14413,"journal":{"name":"International Research Journal Of Pharmacy","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73174994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-31DOI: 10.7897/2230-8407.1201109
Aneesha Chatla, B. Neela, C. S. Mujeebuddin, V. Raj
Statistics is the discipline concerning collection, organizing, analyzing, interpretation and presentation of data as the basis for explanation, description and comparison. In clinical trials and in the drug development process, statistics play a key role, from trial design to protocol development. The credibility of a clinical trial can be upheld and cooperation between physicians and statisticians can be strengthened by providing a fundamental understanding of statistical issues. In any phase of clinical research, including trial design, development of procedures, data management and tracking, data processing, and reporting of clinical trials, biostatistics are involved. Statisticians also have roles in formulate hypothesis, develop statistical analysis plan (SAP), choosing the appropriate test, choose an apt sample size, data collection, perform the tests, generating TLGs (tables, listings, and graphs) and reporting the inferences. It is important that the rest of the research team recognizes the statistical approach suggested by the biostatistician, because statisticians can specialize in study designs, therapeutic areas and statistical methods.
{"title":"BIOSTATISTICS IN CLINICAL RESEARCH: A REVIEW","authors":"Aneesha Chatla, B. Neela, C. S. Mujeebuddin, V. Raj","doi":"10.7897/2230-8407.1201109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7897/2230-8407.1201109","url":null,"abstract":"Statistics is the discipline concerning collection, organizing, analyzing, interpretation and presentation of data as the basis for explanation, description and comparison. In clinical trials and in the drug development process, statistics play a key role, from trial design to protocol development. The credibility of a clinical trial can be upheld and cooperation between physicians and statisticians can be strengthened by providing a fundamental understanding of statistical issues. In any phase of clinical research, including trial design, development of procedures, data management and tracking, data processing, and reporting of clinical trials, biostatistics are involved. Statisticians also have roles in formulate hypothesis, develop statistical analysis plan (SAP), choosing the appropriate test, choose an apt sample size, data collection, perform the tests, generating TLGs (tables, listings, and graphs) and reporting the inferences. It is important that the rest of the research team recognizes the statistical approach suggested by the biostatistician, because statisticians can specialize in study designs, therapeutic areas and statistical methods.","PeriodicalId":14413,"journal":{"name":"International Research Journal Of Pharmacy","volume":"243 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87044040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Type II Diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) is a complex and metabolic disease that affects and presents a serious health problem for more than 100 million people around the world. Genetics and the environment are the variables which affect NIDDM. Reasonable screening models of animals will easily understand the pharmacological screening of different therapeutic agents. NIDDM animal models are acquired either naturally or caused by chemical reagents or by dietary, surgical or combination manipulation. A significant number of new genetically engineered animal models, including knock-out, transgenic, and tissue-specific knockout mice, have been designed for the Diabetes mellitus (D.M.) research in the past year. With regard to their characteristic characteristics and processes by which they arise, this analysis focuses on the animal models of NIDDM. In addition, this analysis explicitly discusses the optimal selection and use of various animal screening models for the treatment of NIDDM in preclinical research.
{"title":"RECENT TRENDS IN TREATMENT AND VALIDITY OF SCREENING MODELS USED IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS: A REVIEW","authors":"Ankita Tripathi, K. Bhardwaj, Sapna Chaudhar, Radhika Chaurasia, Ravindra Kumar, Shivakaht Mishra","doi":"10.7897/2230-8407.1201110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7897/2230-8407.1201110","url":null,"abstract":"Type II Diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) is a complex and metabolic disease that affects and presents a serious health problem for more than 100 million people around the world. Genetics and the environment are the variables which affect NIDDM. Reasonable screening models of animals will easily understand the pharmacological screening of different therapeutic agents. NIDDM animal models are acquired either naturally or caused by chemical reagents or by dietary, surgical or combination manipulation. A significant number of new genetically engineered animal models, including knock-out, transgenic, and tissue-specific knockout mice, have been designed for the Diabetes mellitus (D.M.) research in the past year. With regard to their characteristic characteristics and processes by which they arise, this analysis focuses on the animal models of NIDDM. In addition, this analysis explicitly discusses the optimal selection and use of various animal screening models for the treatment of NIDDM in preclinical research.","PeriodicalId":14413,"journal":{"name":"International Research Journal Of Pharmacy","volume":"11 1","pages":"10-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74211125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The genus Allium plants are often used by people as a food flavoring. These plants are also used for medicinal purposes. The genus Allium plants are known to inhibit the growth of microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites by having the Allicin, Ajoene main compounds, and secondary metabolites. This review article describes plants from the genus Allium that have antimicrobial potential. In the writing process, this review article used literature study techniques by finding literature in the form of official books, national journals, and international journals in the last 10 years (2010-2020). The literature search in writing this review article was conducted through online media search with keywords as follows: antimicrobial, Allium, and inhibition zone diameter. The search for the main references in this review article was done through Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Reserachgate, and other published journals. Some plants of the genus Allium such as Allium ascalonicum, Allium cepa, Allium chinense, Allium porrum, Allium roseum, Allium sativum, Allium staticiforme, Allium subhirsutum, Allium tuberosum, Allium tuncelianum, and Allium wallichii showed antimicrobial activity. The potential antimicrobial activity of each part of the plant depends on the solvent used, the concentration and levels of secondary metabolites contained therein.
{"title":"ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY TEST OF GENUS ALLIUM: A REVIEW","authors":"Fadhilah Arifa, Anzharni Fajrina, Aried Eriadi, Ridho Asra","doi":"10.7897/2230-8407.1112102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7897/2230-8407.1112102","url":null,"abstract":"The genus Allium plants are often used by people as a food flavoring. These plants are also used for medicinal purposes. The genus Allium plants are known to inhibit the growth of microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites by having the Allicin, Ajoene main compounds, and secondary metabolites. This review article describes plants from the genus Allium that have antimicrobial potential. In the writing process, this review article used literature study techniques by finding literature in the form of official books, national journals, and international journals in the last 10 years (2010-2020). The literature search in writing this review article was conducted through online media search with keywords as follows: antimicrobial, Allium, and inhibition zone diameter. The search for the main references in this review article was done through Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Reserachgate, and other published journals. Some plants of the genus Allium such as Allium ascalonicum, Allium cepa, Allium chinense, Allium porrum, Allium roseum, Allium sativum, Allium staticiforme, Allium subhirsutum, Allium tuberosum, Allium tuncelianum, and Allium wallichii showed antimicrobial activity. The potential antimicrobial activity of each part of the plant depends on the solvent used, the concentration and levels of secondary metabolites contained therein.","PeriodicalId":14413,"journal":{"name":"International Research Journal Of Pharmacy","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84285551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.7897/2230-8407.1112105
V. Chakravarthy, Dasari Rama Krishna Prasad, Reddy Pavan Teja, D. Rispa
The aim of the study was to identify the epidemiology of respiratory problems and to assess their association with various risk factors in patients of St. Joseph’s general hospital, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh. The study was conducted over a period of 8 months (July-2019 to February-2020) in 71 patients (both males and females) and the data was analyzed using EXCEL 2007 and SPSS version 6.0. The study was conducted throughout 3 seasons (Monsoon, autumn, winter) during which people are more prone to respiratory problems. Demographic information like the name, age, gender, address, and previous medical history was included. The risk factors like time of admission (month), location, age, gender, past medical history & other co-morbidities and social history were considered. The diagnosed pulmonary problems include Asthma, Bronchitis (acute, chronic & viral), COPD, Interstitial Lung Disease, LRTI, Lung Cancer, Pneumonia, Respiratory Failure, Tuberculosis, Tonsillitis and Shortness of Breath due to either Plural Effusion or Pulmonary Oedema. This study depicts the epidemiology of respiratory problems as Non-Guntur district (14.084%), Guntur urban (59.154%), Guntur rural (26.760%). This study shows the results as; patient with social history of tobacco and/or alcohol (10%), patients without any social history (90%), without any past medical history or other co-morbidities (51%), with some past medical history (49%), males (54.93%), females (45.07), July to October (50.7%), November to February (49.3%). And 61-to-70-year patients are at the top (23.94%) and 11 to 20 year patients are at the bottom (1.40%) of the distribution.
{"title":"EPIDEMIOLOGY OF RESPIRATORY PROBLEMS IN ASSOCIATION WITH VARIOUS RISK FACTORS: A CLINICAL STUDY AT ST. JOSEPH’S GENERAL HOSPITAL","authors":"V. Chakravarthy, Dasari Rama Krishna Prasad, Reddy Pavan Teja, D. Rispa","doi":"10.7897/2230-8407.1112105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7897/2230-8407.1112105","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to identify the epidemiology of respiratory problems and to assess their association with various risk factors in patients of St. Joseph’s general hospital, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh. The study was conducted over a period of 8 months (July-2019 to February-2020) in 71 patients (both males and females) and the data was analyzed using EXCEL 2007 and SPSS version 6.0. The study was conducted throughout 3 seasons (Monsoon, autumn, winter) during which people are more prone to respiratory problems. Demographic information like the name, age, gender, address, and previous medical history was included. The risk factors like time of admission (month), location, age, gender, past medical history & other co-morbidities and social history were considered. The diagnosed pulmonary problems include Asthma, Bronchitis (acute, chronic & viral), COPD, Interstitial Lung Disease, LRTI, Lung Cancer, Pneumonia, Respiratory Failure, Tuberculosis, Tonsillitis and Shortness of Breath due to either Plural Effusion or Pulmonary Oedema. This study depicts the epidemiology of respiratory problems as Non-Guntur district (14.084%), Guntur urban (59.154%), Guntur rural (26.760%). This study shows the results as; patient with social history of tobacco and/or alcohol (10%), patients without any social history (90%), without any past medical history or other co-morbidities (51%), with some past medical history (49%), males (54.93%), females (45.07), July to October (50.7%), November to February (49.3%). And 61-to-70-year patients are at the top (23.94%) and 11 to 20 year patients are at the bottom (1.40%) of the distribution.","PeriodicalId":14413,"journal":{"name":"International Research Journal Of Pharmacy","volume":"2 1","pages":"35-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82136970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.7897/2230-8407.1112106
D. Tomar, Peeyush Kaushik, Ashish Mishra, Lalan Kumar Sah
bulk drugs and the drug formulations and its validation. Method: The ideal conditions were established for the investigation or analysis of the drug. Results: The λmax of 293.2nmwas found for the Sildenafil citrate. Within, 8 to 60μg/ml concentration range the method complied with Beer's Law and show exceptional sensitivity with linearity. Moreover, 1.012 and 3.036 were observed limit of detection and quantification, respectively. When the absorbance versus concentration graph was plotted on the calibration curves a linear relationship was observed with the coefficient correlation of 0.99. The observed regression coefficient (Y) of the calibration curves was found to be 0.0131x- 0.0191. The method was precise and accurate with the experiential value of 2.0325± 0.044. The stability of the test solution was up to 48 hours. Conclusion: The proposed analytical method is simple, economical and experimentally less time-consuming. Therefore, it will be appropriate for Sildenafil citrate analysis of pharmaceutical formulations in bulk.
{"title":"DEVELOPMENT OF ANALYTICAL METHOD AND ITS VALIDATION FOR SILDENAFIL CITRATE BY UV-SPECTROPHOTOMETRY","authors":"D. Tomar, Peeyush Kaushik, Ashish Mishra, Lalan Kumar Sah","doi":"10.7897/2230-8407.1112106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7897/2230-8407.1112106","url":null,"abstract":"bulk drugs and the drug formulations and its validation. Method: The ideal conditions were established for the investigation or analysis of the drug. Results: The λmax of 293.2nmwas found for the Sildenafil citrate. Within, 8 to 60μg/ml concentration range the method complied with Beer's Law and show exceptional sensitivity with linearity. Moreover, 1.012 and 3.036 were observed limit of detection and quantification, respectively. When the absorbance versus concentration graph was plotted on the calibration curves a linear relationship was observed with the coefficient correlation of 0.99. The observed regression coefficient (Y) of the calibration curves was found to be 0.0131x- 0.0191. The method was precise and accurate with the experiential value of 2.0325± 0.044. The stability of the test solution was up to 48 hours. Conclusion: The proposed analytical method is simple, economical and experimentally less time-consuming. Therefore, it will be appropriate for Sildenafil citrate analysis of pharmaceutical formulations in bulk.","PeriodicalId":14413,"journal":{"name":"International Research Journal Of Pharmacy","volume":"98 1","pages":"41-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81248645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.7897/2230-8407.1112100
Nur Syakila, Aried Eriadi, D. Bakhtra, Ridho Asra
Cancer is a disease of abnormal body tissue cells that turn malignant. From the data, it can be seen that new cases and the death rate from cancer continues to increase every year so that efforts are made in the search for new anticancer agents for the prevention and treatment of cancer. There are many natural ingredients that can be used for its benefits, one of which is the Asam Kandis plant (Garcinia cowa Roxb.) This plant is rich in phytochemicals. It can be an important source of natural cytotoxic compounds and has potential as an anticancer. The analysis showed that the extract or compound from the roots, bark, twigs, leaves, and fruit rind of Asam Kandis (Garcinia cowa Roxb.) has good cytotoxic activity and is active against cancer cell lines so that it can help in the development of cancer therapy.
{"title":"A REVIEW ON CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITY OF (GARCINIA COWA ROXB.): POTENTIAL AS AN ANTICANCER","authors":"Nur Syakila, Aried Eriadi, D. Bakhtra, Ridho Asra","doi":"10.7897/2230-8407.1112100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7897/2230-8407.1112100","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer is a disease of abnormal body tissue cells that turn malignant. From the data, it can be seen that new cases and the death rate from cancer continues to increase every year so that efforts are made in the search for new anticancer agents for the prevention and treatment of cancer. There are many natural ingredients that can be used for its benefits, one of which is the Asam Kandis plant (Garcinia cowa Roxb.) This plant is rich in phytochemicals. It can be an important source of natural cytotoxic compounds and has potential as an anticancer. The analysis showed that the extract or compound from the roots, bark, twigs, leaves, and fruit rind of Asam Kandis (Garcinia cowa Roxb.) has good cytotoxic activity and is active against cancer cell lines so that it can help in the development of cancer therapy.","PeriodicalId":14413,"journal":{"name":"International Research Journal Of Pharmacy","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85131711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.7897/2230-8407.1112101
I. Sharma, Ankita Kumar
Alzheimer’s is the most widely recognized reason for dementia discovered by Alois Alzheimer’s in 1906. Severity of Alzheimer’s disease is increments with age and mostly after 65 years. It is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that damage memory and intellectual capacities. It affects 34 million people worldwide and as time goes, the pervasiveness of Alzheimer’s disease continues to increase and as indicated by WHO it can reaches to 95 million by 2050. Manifestation of Alzheimer’s incorporates cognitive decline that changes day by day way of life, trouble in finishing everyday errands, disarray with time or spot, misguide thinking. Most preferred drugs used for Alzheimer’s are cholinesterase inhibitors like Donepezil, rivastigmine, Galantamine, Tacrine, NMDA receptor antagonist like memantine. The purpose of this review article is to provide a brief introduction, potential causes, symptoms and mechanism of action of Alzheimer’s disease. This review article likewise accentuation on utilization of therapeutic plants and isolated compounds for preventing and reducing the symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease.
{"title":"STRATEGIES FOR MANAGEMENT OF ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE: A REVIEW","authors":"I. Sharma, Ankita Kumar","doi":"10.7897/2230-8407.1112101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7897/2230-8407.1112101","url":null,"abstract":"Alzheimer’s is the most widely recognized reason for dementia discovered by Alois Alzheimer’s in 1906. Severity of Alzheimer’s disease is increments with age and mostly after 65 years. It is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that damage memory and intellectual capacities. It affects 34 million people worldwide and as time goes, the pervasiveness of Alzheimer’s disease continues to increase and as indicated by WHO it can reaches to 95 million by 2050. Manifestation of Alzheimer’s incorporates cognitive decline that changes day by day way of life, trouble in finishing everyday errands, disarray with time or spot, misguide thinking. Most preferred drugs used for Alzheimer’s are cholinesterase inhibitors like Donepezil, rivastigmine, Galantamine, Tacrine, NMDA receptor antagonist like memantine. The purpose of this review article is to provide a brief introduction, potential causes, symptoms and mechanism of action of Alzheimer’s disease. This review article likewise accentuation on utilization of therapeutic plants and isolated compounds for preventing and reducing the symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease.","PeriodicalId":14413,"journal":{"name":"International Research Journal Of Pharmacy","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88118695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.7897/2230-8407.1112104
S. Aneesh, J. E. Thoppil
Natural compounds with biological activity are normally present in plants, mushrooms and their natural sources. Applied mycology is one of the most stimulating and rapidly evolving areas of the biological sciences. Hence the present study focussed on exploring Microporus affinis (Blume & T. Nees) Kunt., the least explored and edible bracket fungus. Chemical characterization by GC-MS analysis resulted in the presence of 47 bioactive compounds. 9, 12- Octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)- methyl ester, Ergosterol, Monolinolein, Thiacremonone, Stellasterol, n- Hexadecanoic acid, Ribitol, Maltol etc., were the leading compounds. Because of the presence of various bioactive compounds which have been already reported to possess antitumor, antioxidant and anticancer activities, M. affinis extract has been tested for in vitro anticancer efficacy on DLD1 cell lines (cultured in DMEM medium) using MTT assay. It resulted in the decrease of percentage of viability as the increase in concentration of the extract. Apoptosis was determined by using Acridine orange and Ethidium bromide staining. Thus, the taxa, M. affinis can be recommended for further anticancer assays for validation.
具有生物活性的天然化合物通常存在于植物、蘑菇及其天然来源中。应用真菌学是生物科学中最令人兴奋和发展最快的领域之一。因此，本研究的重点是探索Microporus affinis (Blume & T. Nees) Kunt。是探索最少的可食用支架菌。经GC-MS分析，共鉴定出47种生物活性化合物。9,12 -十八二烯酸(Z,Z)-甲酯、麦角甾醇、单油酸、硫胺酮、星甾醇、正十六烷酸、利比醇、麦芽醇等为先导化合物。由于存在多种生物活性化合物，已报道具有抗肿瘤，抗氧化和抗癌活性，因此使用MTT法对DLD1细胞株(在DMEM培养基中培养)进行了体外抗癌效果测试。结果表明，随着提取物浓度的增加，活性百分率降低。用吖啶橙和溴化乙啶染色法检测细胞凋亡。因此，类群M. affinis可以推荐用于进一步的抗癌试验以进行验证。
{"title":"SCREENING OF BIOACTIVE COMPONENTS BY GC-MS ANALYSIS AND THE STUDY ON IN VITRO ANTICANCER EFFICACY OF MICROPORUS AFFINIS (BLUME & T. NEES) KUNT.","authors":"S. Aneesh, J. E. Thoppil","doi":"10.7897/2230-8407.1112104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7897/2230-8407.1112104","url":null,"abstract":"Natural compounds with biological activity are normally present in plants, mushrooms and their natural sources. Applied mycology is one of the most stimulating and rapidly evolving areas of the biological sciences. Hence the present study focussed on exploring Microporus affinis (Blume & T. Nees) Kunt., the least explored and edible bracket fungus. Chemical characterization by GC-MS analysis resulted in the presence of 47 bioactive compounds. 9, 12- Octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)- methyl ester, Ergosterol, Monolinolein, Thiacremonone, Stellasterol, n- Hexadecanoic acid, Ribitol, Maltol etc., were the leading compounds. Because of the presence of various bioactive compounds which have been already reported to possess antitumor, antioxidant and anticancer activities, M. affinis extract has been tested for in vitro anticancer efficacy on DLD1 cell lines (cultured in DMEM medium) using MTT assay. It resulted in the decrease of percentage of viability as the increase in concentration of the extract. Apoptosis was determined by using Acridine orange and Ethidium bromide staining. Thus, the taxa, M. affinis can be recommended for further anticancer assays for validation.","PeriodicalId":14413,"journal":{"name":"International Research Journal Of Pharmacy","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79057677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：