Pub Date : 2023-12-16DOI: 10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.361
P. Parshin, G. Vostroilova, Yu. N. Brigadirov, I. Shaposhnikov, M. S. Zhukov, K. O. Akulova
Studies have been conducted to study the effect of the cytokine profile of cows with chronic systemic inflammation syndrome in the third trimester of pregnancy on the hematobiochemical status of newborn calves. The experiment was conducted on redmottled cows, which were divided into 2 groups: group 1 (n = 15) – clinically healthy cows with uncomplicated pregnancy, average fatness 3.6 ± 0.16 points, group 2 (n = 7) – cows with lowintensity chronic systemic inflammation syndrome, average fatness 4.4± 0.20 points. At the beginning of the third trimester of pregnancy, blood serum samples were taken from cows to determine the level of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-10 (IL-10) and interferon-γ (INF-γ). On the 3rd day after birth, blood samples were taken from the received calves for analysis. The above cytokines and hematobiochemical parameters were determined. It was found that in calves from group 2, the level of IL-2, IL-4, IL-10 and INF-γ was lower than the comparison group by 10.0; 29.3; 24.5 and 17.4%, respectively, and IL-1ß and TNF-α were 45.8 and 8.7% higher. Spearman's correlation analysis showed that there is a significant direct correlation of noticeable and high strength between the level of cytokines of maternal cows and similar indicators in newborns, which indicates the influence of signaling proteins of the mother's body on fetal development. As a result, neonatal hepatodystrophy was diagnosed in calves born from cows with chronic systemic inflammation syndrome, accompanied by cytolysis and cholestasis syndrome, accumulation of endotoxins and a decrease in energy substrates. The data obtained show that a change in the cytokine profile during pregnancy towards the predominance of proinflammatory cytokines creates a risk of developing antenatal liver pathology in future offspring, thereby forming prerequisites for the development of comorbid pathology in newborns.
{"title":"The role of chronic systemic inflammation syndrome in pregnant cows in the development of antenatal liver pathology in newborn calves","authors":"P. Parshin, G. Vostroilova, Yu. N. Brigadirov, I. Shaposhnikov, M. S. Zhukov, K. O. Akulova","doi":"10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.361","url":null,"abstract":"Studies have been conducted to study the effect of the cytokine profile of cows with chronic systemic inflammation syndrome in the third trimester of pregnancy on the hematobiochemical status of newborn calves. The experiment was conducted on redmottled cows, which were divided into 2 groups: group 1 (n = 15) – clinically healthy cows with uncomplicated pregnancy, average fatness 3.6 ± 0.16 points, group 2 (n = 7) – cows with lowintensity chronic systemic inflammation syndrome, average fatness 4.4± 0.20 points. At the beginning of the third trimester of pregnancy, blood serum samples were taken from cows to determine the level of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-10 (IL-10) and interferon-γ (INF-γ). On the 3rd day after birth, blood samples were taken from the received calves for analysis. The above cytokines and hematobiochemical parameters were determined. It was found that in calves from group 2, the level of IL-2, IL-4, IL-10 and INF-γ was lower than the comparison group by 10.0; 29.3; 24.5 and 17.4%, respectively, and IL-1ß and TNF-α were 45.8 and 8.7% higher. Spearman's correlation analysis showed that there is a significant direct correlation of noticeable and high strength between the level of cytokines of maternal cows and similar indicators in newborns, which indicates the influence of signaling proteins of the mother's body on fetal development. As a result, neonatal hepatodystrophy was diagnosed in calves born from cows with chronic systemic inflammation syndrome, accompanied by cytolysis and cholestasis syndrome, accumulation of endotoxins and a decrease in energy substrates. The data obtained show that a change in the cytokine profile during pregnancy towards the predominance of proinflammatory cytokines creates a risk of developing antenatal liver pathology in future offspring, thereby forming prerequisites for the development of comorbid pathology in newborns.","PeriodicalId":14419,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Medicine","volume":"28 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138967682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-16DOI: 10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.379
O. Stanishevskaya, Y. Silyukova
The structural features of the plasma membranes of avian sperm make them more sensitive, compared to those of mammals, to low-temperature stress. The qualitative and quantitative composition of membrane lipids can become a determining factor in the development of new effective compositions of cryoprotective media. The purpose of the study was to determine the lipid composition of the plasma membranes of native rooster sperm, the content of carbohydrates and polyols in their cytosol, as well as dynamic changes in the membrane lipidome and cytosol composition under the influence of the cryopreservation protocol, depending on the composition of the cryoprotective medium. The studies were carried out on Rhode Island roosters (n=10), the total and progressive sperm motility and membrane damage were determined. Semen freezing and thawing was carried out using fast protocols. To determine the lipid composition of the plasma membranes of sperm and the composition of their cytosol, a chromatographic analysis method was used. The following were identified in the membranes of native spermatozoa: phospholipids, glycolyllipids and neutral lipids, represented by phosphatidylethalamine, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylcholine, sphingomyelin and sterol. A change in the ratio between membrane lipids of the inner and outer layers of the plasma membrane of rooster spermatozoa under the influence of the cryopreservation protocol was shown. In native spermftozoa this ratio was 41.2% and 39.4%, respectively, in thawed sperm when using the LCM-control medium – 38.3% and 47.2%, respectively, when using the LCM-T20 medium - 40.7% and 44.5%, respectively. There was a significant decrease, more than 3 times, in the total amount of carbohydrates (fructose, glucose, trehalose) and polyols (glycerol, mannitol, inositol) in the cytosol of frozen/thawed spermatozoa when using the cryoprotective medium LCM-control compared with the values of the native spermatozoa - 0 .1145 mg/ml and 0.0360 mg/ml, respectively. When using the LCM-T20 medium, the change was insignificant and the delta was 5.2%. The effectiveness of using cryoprotective medium LCM-T20 containing trehalose has been proven to maintain the lipid membrane architecture of rooster spermatozoa, the carbohydratepolyol composition of their cytosol and, as a consequence, the morphofunctional usefulness of gametes during the freezing/thawing process.
{"title":"Lipid composition of plasma membranes of rooster sperm (Gallus gallus domesticus) and its dynamics during cryopreservation","authors":"O. Stanishevskaya, Y. Silyukova","doi":"10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.379","url":null,"abstract":"The structural features of the plasma membranes of avian sperm make them more sensitive, compared to those of mammals, to low-temperature stress. The qualitative and quantitative composition of membrane lipids can become a determining factor in the development of new effective compositions of cryoprotective media. The purpose of the study was to determine the lipid composition of the plasma membranes of native rooster sperm, the content of carbohydrates and polyols in their cytosol, as well as dynamic changes in the membrane lipidome and cytosol composition under the influence of the cryopreservation protocol, depending on the composition of the cryoprotective medium. The studies were carried out on Rhode Island roosters (n=10), the total and progressive sperm motility and membrane damage were determined. Semen freezing and thawing was carried out using fast protocols. To determine the lipid composition of the plasma membranes of sperm and the composition of their cytosol, a chromatographic analysis method was used. The following were identified in the membranes of native spermatozoa: phospholipids, glycolyllipids and neutral lipids, represented by phosphatidylethalamine, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylcholine, sphingomyelin and sterol. A change in the ratio between membrane lipids of the inner and outer layers of the plasma membrane of rooster spermatozoa under the influence of the cryopreservation protocol was shown. In native spermftozoa this ratio was 41.2% and 39.4%, respectively, in thawed sperm when using the LCM-control medium – 38.3% and 47.2%, respectively, when using the LCM-T20 medium - 40.7% and 44.5%, respectively. There was a significant decrease, more than 3 times, in the total amount of carbohydrates (fructose, glucose, trehalose) and polyols (glycerol, mannitol, inositol) in the cytosol of frozen/thawed spermatozoa when using the cryoprotective medium LCM-control compared with the values of the native spermatozoa - 0 .1145 mg/ml and 0.0360 mg/ml, respectively. When using the LCM-T20 medium, the change was insignificant and the delta was 5.2%. The effectiveness of using cryoprotective medium LCM-T20 containing trehalose has been proven to maintain the lipid membrane architecture of rooster spermatozoa, the carbohydratepolyol composition of their cytosol and, as a consequence, the morphofunctional usefulness of gametes during the freezing/thawing process.","PeriodicalId":14419,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Medicine","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138966794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-16DOI: 10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.340
D. Bylinskaya, V. Khvatov
The reindeer is a representative of the order artiodactyls, most of the individuals inhabit the territory of the Northern hemisphere. It is a significant hunting and commercial species, and reindeer husbandry is the main branch of animal husbandry in the conditions of the Far North. The morphology of the reindeer has always been of interest to researchers. In different years, the architectonics of the vascular bed of the reindeer have been studied by many researchers [3, 4]. However, in the available literature sources, we have not found data concerning arterial blood supply to organs and tissues in reindeer fetuses. In the prenatal period of development, there is a restructuring of organs and tissues, and with them the vascular bed. The aim of the study was to study the arterial vascularization of the pelvic limb in a reindeer fetus, to give morphometric characteristics to the arteries. The studies were conducted on 5 reindeer fetuses at the age of 4.0-4.5 months. The fruits were delivered to the Department of Animal Anatomy of the St. Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine from reindeer herding farms of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The fruits were extracted after the slaughter of vazhenok for household needs. Classical methods were chosen as research methods: fine anatomical dissection, morphometry, photographing and vasorentgenography. During the study, it was found that the main arterial trunk of the pelvic limb in a reindeer fetus is the external iliac artery. Skeletotopy and angioarchitectonics of the main arteries of the pelvic limb of the reindeer fetus have typical patterns characteristic of adult animals. Morphometric parameters of the arteries are consistent with the topographic position of the muscle groups – a greater number of large arterial branches are noted in the hip area. The presence of collateral blood flow in the foot area is noted – the vessels of the dorsal and plantar surfaces are connected to each other due to the perforating metatarsal and perforating metatarsal arteries, as well as at the confluence of the axial and non-axial finger arteries.
{"title":"Arterial vascularization of the pelvic limb of the reindeer fetus","authors":"D. Bylinskaya, V. Khvatov","doi":"10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.340","url":null,"abstract":"The reindeer is a representative of the order artiodactyls, most of the individuals inhabit the territory of the Northern hemisphere. It is a significant hunting and commercial species, and reindeer husbandry is the main branch of animal husbandry in the conditions of the Far North. The morphology of the reindeer has always been of interest to researchers. In different years, the architectonics of the vascular bed of the reindeer have been studied by many researchers [3, 4]. However, in the available literature sources, we have not found data concerning arterial blood supply to organs and tissues in reindeer fetuses. In the prenatal period of development, there is a restructuring of organs and tissues, and with them the vascular bed. The aim of the study was to study the arterial vascularization of the pelvic limb in a reindeer fetus, to give morphometric characteristics to the arteries. The studies were conducted on 5 reindeer fetuses at the age of 4.0-4.5 months. The fruits were delivered to the Department of Animal Anatomy of the St. Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine from reindeer herding farms of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The fruits were extracted after the slaughter of vazhenok for household needs. Classical methods were chosen as research methods: fine anatomical dissection, morphometry, photographing and vasorentgenography. During the study, it was found that the main arterial trunk of the pelvic limb in a reindeer fetus is the external iliac artery. Skeletotopy and angioarchitectonics of the main arteries of the pelvic limb of the reindeer fetus have typical patterns characteristic of adult animals. Morphometric parameters of the arteries are consistent with the topographic position of the muscle groups – a greater number of large arterial branches are noted in the hip area. The presence of collateral blood flow in the foot area is noted – the vessels of the dorsal and plantar surfaces are connected to each other due to the perforating metatarsal and perforating metatarsal arteries, as well as at the confluence of the axial and non-axial finger arteries.","PeriodicalId":14419,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Medicine","volume":"24 s2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138967596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-16DOI: 10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.353
E. Korochkina, A. V. Trifonova, E. Finageev, D. Glavatskaya, V. Pushkina
Currently, artificial insemination, as one of the types of assisted reproductive technologies, is widely used in dairy and beef cattle breeding. The same cannot be said about such a promising direction in the agricultural industry as goat breeding. One of the limiting factors is the negative impact of low temperature on the morphofunctional charateristics of sperm of breeding goats. The purpose of this research was to test a protocol of sperm cryopreservation of stud goats with modification of prepreparation and subsequent assessment of the quality indicators of sperm before and after its deep freezing. A comprehensive assessment of sperm quality (volume, concentration, morphology, motility) of goats (n=10) was carried out using generally accepted methods and protocols. The assessment of sperm quality indicators included five stages: after sperm collection, two hours after cooling, after thawing: 0 hours, 1 and 2 hours. According on the obtained results, the sperm of breeding goats ha low cryoresistance. After cryopreservation (0, 1 and 2 hours after thawing), there is an increase in the number of sperm with tail damage by 7.5% (p≤0.05), 15.5% and 21.8% (p≤0.01), and also a decrease in the number of progressively moving sperm by 1.4; 1.6 and 2.5 times (p≤0.01) compared with the results of the assessment 0 hours after collection. The use of a deep two-phase sperm freezing protocol allows maintaining the viability of sperm with a progression of movements equal to 54.2±5.1% and a number of morphologically normal sperm equal to 64.1±1.9%. In this case, the prepreparation of sperm for the cryopreservation process (current protocol) includes sperm centrifugation (mode: 7000 rpm for 15 minutes), removal of seminal plasma, dilution 1:4 (OptiXcell diluent), cooling (4 hours at 4℃); sperm cryopreservation protocol: 1. immersion of goblets with paillettes 4 cm above liquid nitrogen for 7 minutes; 2. complete immersion in liquid nitrogen.
{"title":"Qualitative indicators of sperm from producing goats before and after cryopreservation","authors":"E. Korochkina, A. V. Trifonova, E. Finageev, D. Glavatskaya, V. Pushkina","doi":"10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.353","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, artificial insemination, as one of the types of assisted reproductive technologies, is widely used in dairy and beef cattle breeding. The same cannot be said about such a promising direction in the agricultural industry as goat breeding. One of the limiting factors is the negative impact of low temperature on the morphofunctional charateristics of sperm of breeding goats. The purpose of this research was to test a protocol of sperm cryopreservation of stud goats with modification of prepreparation and subsequent assessment of the quality indicators of sperm before and after its deep freezing. A comprehensive assessment of sperm quality (volume, concentration, morphology, motility) of goats (n=10) was carried out using generally accepted methods and protocols. The assessment of sperm quality indicators included five stages: after sperm collection, two hours after cooling, after thawing: 0 hours, 1 and 2 hours. According on the obtained results, the sperm of breeding goats ha low cryoresistance. After cryopreservation (0, 1 and 2 hours after thawing), there is an increase in the number of sperm with tail damage by 7.5% (p≤0.05), 15.5% and 21.8% (p≤0.01), and also a decrease in the number of progressively moving sperm by 1.4; 1.6 and 2.5 times (p≤0.01) compared with the results of the assessment 0 hours after collection. The use of a deep two-phase sperm freezing protocol allows maintaining the viability of sperm with a progression of movements equal to 54.2±5.1% and a number of morphologically normal sperm equal to 64.1±1.9%. In this case, the prepreparation of sperm for the cryopreservation process (current protocol) includes sperm centrifugation (mode: 7000 rpm for 15 minutes), removal of seminal plasma, dilution 1:4 (OptiXcell diluent), cooling (4 hours at 4℃); sperm cryopreservation protocol: 1. immersion of goblets with paillettes 4 cm above liquid nitrogen for 7 minutes; 2. complete immersion in liquid nitrogen.","PeriodicalId":14419,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Medicine","volume":"56 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138995591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-16DOI: 10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.327
L. L. Fomina, D. I. Berezina, T. Kulakova, K. E. Modanova
The paper presents the results of examine the relationship between blood plasma incubation temperature and the hemostasis parameters in chickens. The purpose of this research was to study of the blood coagulation parameters in chickens during hypo-, normo- and hyperthermia in vitro. In addition, to assess the possibility of using a coagulometer to identify hemostasis activity and the use of hemostatic reactions in chickens as models for human medicine. The Vologda region was where the study was conducted. The coagulogram was examined for the following parameters: thrombin time (TT), prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), fibrinogen activity, and antithrombin III activity (AT-III). It was found that at 46° C activation of blood clotting occurs, manifested as an acceleration of the TT by 29% (13 seconds), PT by 72% (111 seconds), and decrease in the antithrombin III activity by 6% (1.5 seconds) compared to normothermia. The parameters of secondary hemostasis also responded to hypothermia (18 °C) with hypercoagulation. It was an acceleration of PT of 81% (125 sec), an increase in fibrinogen activity by 77% (84 sec) and a decrease in AT-III activity by 55% (14 sec), with the exception of thrombin time, which was extended by 70% (104 seconds). There were no significant changes in the APTT at different temperatures. The correlation-regression and one-factor analysis of variance revealed a significant correlation between the temperature and the TT and the fibrinogen activity, where the coefficients of determination for which were 71% and 39%, respectively. Plasma hemostasis activity measured on a coagulometer (at 37 °C) showed no significant differences from those measured at 43 °C, except for prothrombin time, which was 71.51 seconds (47%) less than that measured at 43 °C.
{"title":"Dependence of coagulation activity of chicken blood IN VITRO on temperature","authors":"L. L. Fomina, D. I. Berezina, T. Kulakova, K. E. Modanova","doi":"10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.327","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents the results of examine the relationship between blood plasma incubation temperature and the hemostasis parameters in chickens. The purpose of this research was to study of the blood coagulation parameters in chickens during hypo-, normo- and hyperthermia in vitro. In addition, to assess the possibility of using a coagulometer to identify hemostasis activity and the use of hemostatic reactions in chickens as models for human medicine. The Vologda region was where the study was conducted. The coagulogram was examined for the following parameters: thrombin time (TT), prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), fibrinogen activity, and antithrombin III activity (AT-III). It was found that at 46° C activation of blood clotting occurs, manifested as an acceleration of the TT by 29% (13 seconds), PT by 72% (111 seconds), and decrease in the antithrombin III activity by 6% (1.5 seconds) compared to normothermia. The parameters of secondary hemostasis also responded to hypothermia (18 °C) with hypercoagulation. It was an acceleration of PT of 81% (125 sec), an increase in fibrinogen activity by 77% (84 sec) and a decrease in AT-III activity by 55% (14 sec), with the exception of thrombin time, which was extended by 70% (104 seconds). There were no significant changes in the APTT at different temperatures. The correlation-regression and one-factor analysis of variance revealed a significant correlation between the temperature and the TT and the fibrinogen activity, where the coefficients of determination for which were 71% and 39%, respectively. Plasma hemostasis activity measured on a coagulometer (at 37 °C) showed no significant differences from those measured at 43 °C, except for prothrombin time, which was 71.51 seconds (47%) less than that measured at 43 °C.","PeriodicalId":14419,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Medicine","volume":"19 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138967744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-16DOI: 10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.370
A. A. Kurochkin, O. Stanishevskaya, Y. Silyukova, N. V. Pleshanov
In reproductive technologies applied in animal husbandry, using lyophilized semen is only possible with ICSI technology, due to complete loss sperm motility. However, the anatomical structure’s peculiarities and development of avian oocyte not allows use this technology. Strategies aimed at preserving kinetic apparatus of lyophilized sperm are the most relevant for birds. Increasing mitochondrial activity of cells due to its connection with energy metabolism and sperm motility may be one of the ways to solve this problem. However, similar studies on freeze-dried bird semen haven’t been conducted on this moment. The present study assessed effect of mitochondria-targeted antioxidant Mito-TEMPO on viability, mitochondria’s membrane potential and generation of intracellular hydrogen peroxide by rooster spermatozoa in a cryopreservation and lyophilization cycle. Proportion of cells with intact plasma membrane in lyophilized semen was higher using extenders containing an antioxidant. Addition of Mito-TEMPO at concentration of 40 µM to diluents T-20 and T-30 for the purpose of cryopreservation of semen with subsequent freezedrying allowed to increase proportion of cells with intact plasma membrane in lyophilized semen in comparison to control diluents (6.12 ± 0.11 % versus 10.19±0.46% and 13.19±1.30% versus 15.23±1.13%, respectively, p˂0.05). Effective concentration of Mito-TEMPO in diluents intended only for semen cryopreservation was significantly lower - 5 µM. Proportion of cells with intact plasma membrane was 47,97±0,64% versus 55,85±1,69% and 47,25±2,97% versus 63,21±1,78%, respectively, p˂0, 05. Dose-dependent effect of trehalose in cryoprotective diluents has been proven.
{"title":"The effect of the mitochondrial-directed antioxidant Mito-TEMPO on the quality of rooster sperm in the cryopreservation and lyophilization cycle","authors":"A. A. Kurochkin, O. Stanishevskaya, Y. Silyukova, N. V. Pleshanov","doi":"10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.370","url":null,"abstract":"In reproductive technologies applied in animal husbandry, using lyophilized semen is only possible with ICSI technology, due to complete loss sperm motility. However, the anatomical structure’s peculiarities and development of avian oocyte not allows use this technology. Strategies aimed at preserving kinetic apparatus of lyophilized sperm are the most relevant for birds. Increasing mitochondrial activity of cells due to its connection with energy metabolism and sperm motility may be one of the ways to solve this problem. However, similar studies on freeze-dried bird semen haven’t been conducted on this moment. The present study assessed effect of mitochondria-targeted antioxidant Mito-TEMPO on viability, mitochondria’s membrane potential and generation of intracellular hydrogen peroxide by rooster spermatozoa in a cryopreservation and lyophilization cycle. Proportion of cells with intact plasma membrane in lyophilized semen was higher using extenders containing an antioxidant. Addition of Mito-TEMPO at concentration of 40 µM to diluents T-20 and T-30 for the purpose of cryopreservation of semen with subsequent freezedrying allowed to increase proportion of cells with intact plasma membrane in lyophilized semen in comparison to control diluents (6.12 ± 0.11 % versus 10.19±0.46% and 13.19±1.30% versus 15.23±1.13%, respectively, p˂0.05). Effective concentration of Mito-TEMPO in diluents intended only for semen cryopreservation was significantly lower - 5 µM. Proportion of cells with intact plasma membrane was 47,97±0,64% versus 55,85±1,69% and 47,25±2,97% versus 63,21±1,78%, respectively, p˂0, 05. Dose-dependent effect of trehalose in cryoprotective diluents has been proven.","PeriodicalId":14419,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Medicine","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138967575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-16DOI: 10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.347
S. Melnikov, D. Vasiliev
The study of the lymphatic system is of interest not only for morphology, but also for physiology and pathology, since it is in the organs and tissues where the lymphatic capillaries are located that metabolism occurs. The lymphatic bed is represented by intramural vessels, regional lymph nodes of the first and second order. The aim of the study was to determine the lymph nodes and vessels involved in the lymph outflow from the lip area in sheep of the Edilbaev breed. The study was conducted at the Department of Animal Anatomy of the St. Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine. The material was sheep of the Edilbaevsky breed in the amount of five pieces at the age of one year. As methods, an interstitial (interstitial) injection with cotrust masses in the form of a blue mass of Gerot was used, which was prepared by rubbing 2.0 g of blue oil paint in 30.0 g of gum turpentine. The resulting mass was mixed with 15.0 g of ether and passed through a filter. Before the injection, the sheep's head was placed in warm water for several hours. The injection is carried out with a syringe with thin needles. Contrast masses were injected very slowly, gently massaging the injected area. As a result of our research, we came to the conclusion that the direction of the main lymphatic vessels of the upper lip and the edges of the nasal opening corresponds to the line drawn from the corner of the lips to the mandibular joint; the direction of the diverting lymphatic vessels of the lower lip corresponds to the direction of the free edge of the lower jaw; the main regional lymph nodes for the diverting lymphatic vessels of the lips of the sheep of the Edilbaev breed are the parotid and mandibular and, in isolated cases, the lateral pharyngeal.
{"title":"The lymphatic bed of the oral cavity in sheep of the Edilbaev breed","authors":"S. Melnikov, D. Vasiliev","doi":"10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.347","url":null,"abstract":"The study of the lymphatic system is of interest not only for morphology, but also for physiology and pathology, since it is in the organs and tissues where the lymphatic capillaries are located that metabolism occurs. The lymphatic bed is represented by intramural vessels, regional lymph nodes of the first and second order. The aim of the study was to determine the lymph nodes and vessels involved in the lymph outflow from the lip area in sheep of the Edilbaev breed. The study was conducted at the Department of Animal Anatomy of the St. Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine. The material was sheep of the Edilbaevsky breed in the amount of five pieces at the age of one year. As methods, an interstitial (interstitial) injection with cotrust masses in the form of a blue mass of Gerot was used, which was prepared by rubbing 2.0 g of blue oil paint in 30.0 g of gum turpentine. The resulting mass was mixed with 15.0 g of ether and passed through a filter. Before the injection, the sheep's head was placed in warm water for several hours. The injection is carried out with a syringe with thin needles. Contrast masses were injected very slowly, gently massaging the injected area. As a result of our research, we came to the conclusion that the direction of the main lymphatic vessels of the upper lip and the edges of the nasal opening corresponds to the line drawn from the corner of the lips to the mandibular joint; the direction of the diverting lymphatic vessels of the lower lip corresponds to the direction of the free edge of the lower jaw; the main regional lymph nodes for the diverting lymphatic vessels of the lips of the sheep of the Edilbaev breed are the parotid and mandibular and, in isolated cases, the lateral pharyngeal.","PeriodicalId":14419,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Medicine","volume":"7 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138968043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-16DOI: 10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.396
V. Mikhalev, G. Chusova
Indicators of the blood coagulation system (thrombin time, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time - aPTT) were studied on 42 pregnant cows at 60-75, 135-150 and 210-230 days of pregnancy, divided according to the principle of analogues into three groups: physiological course, fetal growth restriction syndrome without late toxicosis of pregnancy, fetal growth restriction syndrome complicated by gestosis. Pregnancy was diagnosed using transrectal and ultrasound examinations. Fetal growth restriction syndrome was diagnosed at 60-75 days of pregnancy using an ultrasound scanner with a linear sensor with a frequency of 7.5 MHz. Late toxicosis of pregnant animals was diagnosed at 210-230 days of pregnancy by the presence of hypertension, proteinuria and edema. Blood samples were taken from the animals included in the experiment to determine the platelet content, thrombin and prothrombin time and aPTT. It has been established that platelet content is an informative indicator for predicting gestosis in the first five months of pregnancy with a sensitivity of 80.0% and specificity of 87.5%. The sensitivity of thrombin time at 60-150 days of pregnancy is 77.8%, specificity - 90.0%, prothrombin time - 70.0 and 88.9%, aPTT at 135-150 days of pregnancy - 77.8 and 85.7%, respectively. Prognostic markers for early diagnosis of late toxicosis in pregnant animals, determined at 2 months of pregnancy are: platelet level - 451.2 x 109/L and higher; thrombin time – 87.3 seconds and below; prothrombin time – 35.1 seconds and below. Indicators for early diagnosis of gestosis, determined at 5 months of pregnancy, are: platelet level - 437.5 x 109/L and higher; thrombin time – 78.6 seconds and below; prothrombin time – 30.3 seconds and below; aPTT – 41.8 sec and below.
{"title":"Evaluation of the possibility of using indicators of the blood coagulation system of cows to predict late toxicosis of pregnant women","authors":"V. Mikhalev, G. Chusova","doi":"10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.396","url":null,"abstract":"Indicators of the blood coagulation system (thrombin time, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time - aPTT) were studied on 42 pregnant cows at 60-75, 135-150 and 210-230 days of pregnancy, divided according to the principle of analogues into three groups: physiological course, fetal growth restriction syndrome without late toxicosis of pregnancy, fetal growth restriction syndrome complicated by gestosis. Pregnancy was diagnosed using transrectal and ultrasound examinations. Fetal growth restriction syndrome was diagnosed at 60-75 days of pregnancy using an ultrasound scanner with a linear sensor with a frequency of 7.5 MHz. Late toxicosis of pregnant animals was diagnosed at 210-230 days of pregnancy by the presence of hypertension, proteinuria and edema. Blood samples were taken from the animals included in the experiment to determine the platelet content, thrombin and prothrombin time and aPTT. It has been established that platelet content is an informative indicator for predicting gestosis in the first five months of pregnancy with a sensitivity of 80.0% and specificity of 87.5%. The sensitivity of thrombin time at 60-150 days of pregnancy is 77.8%, specificity - 90.0%, prothrombin time - 70.0 and 88.9%, aPTT at 135-150 days of pregnancy - 77.8 and 85.7%, respectively. Prognostic markers for early diagnosis of late toxicosis in pregnant animals, determined at 2 months of pregnancy are: platelet level - 451.2 x 109/L and higher; thrombin time – 87.3 seconds and below; prothrombin time – 35.1 seconds and below. Indicators for early diagnosis of gestosis, determined at 5 months of pregnancy, are: platelet level - 437.5 x 109/L and higher; thrombin time – 78.6 seconds and below; prothrombin time – 30.3 seconds and below; aPTT – 41.8 sec and below.","PeriodicalId":14419,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Medicine","volume":"53 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138967778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-16DOI: 10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.388
S. V. Nikolaev
The intensity of metabolic processes in highly productive cows is associated with metabolic disorders and the development of dystrophic changes in the body. The paper evaluates the effect of the concentration of β-hydroxybutyrate and glucose in the blood of new-bodied cows on the indicators of reproductive ability and milk productivity. To do this, venous blood was obtained from cows of different ages after childbirth, where the concentration of glucose and β-hydroxybutyrate was determined. Depending on the level of glucose and ketone bodies, animals were retrospectively differentiated into groups and the severity of economically useful signs was determined. It was found that cows with a glucose level above 3.3 mmol/l required 0.6 more inseminations (P≤0.01), compared with animals whose indicators were in the range of 2.2...3.3 mmol/l. At the same time, the greatest difference in the multiplicity of insemination was present in animals 3...7 lactation (1.2 inseminations per fertilization; P≤0.001). The period from calving to fertilization in cows with a high glucose content was longer by 39.4 days (P < 0.05), while the maximum deviation was found among animals older than the 2nd lactation (by 43.4%; P< 0.05). An increase in the level of β-hydroxybutyrate over 0.7 mmol/l was also accompanied by a deterioration in reproductive function. Thus, the lengthening of the infertility period for all lactation was 21.2 days (P≤0.05). The most pronounced negative effect on reproductive function in ketonemia was observed in first-heifers and cows of the second lactation. So, after the first birth, the lengthening of the period from calving to fertilization was 42.0 days (P < 0.05), and after the second lactation - 29.2 days (P < 0.05). Thus, an increase in the level of glucose and β-hydroxybutyrate in the blood negatively affects, first of all, the reproductive function of cows, and to a lesser extent, the indicators of milk productivity.
{"title":"The effect of the concentration of β-hydroxybutyrate and glucose in the blood on the reproductive function and milk productivity of cows","authors":"S. V. Nikolaev","doi":"10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.388","url":null,"abstract":"The intensity of metabolic processes in highly productive cows is associated with metabolic disorders and the development of dystrophic changes in the body. The paper evaluates the effect of the concentration of β-hydroxybutyrate and glucose in the blood of new-bodied cows on the indicators of reproductive ability and milk productivity. To do this, venous blood was obtained from cows of different ages after childbirth, where the concentration of glucose and β-hydroxybutyrate was determined. Depending on the level of glucose and ketone bodies, animals were retrospectively differentiated into groups and the severity of economically useful signs was determined. It was found that cows with a glucose level above 3.3 mmol/l required 0.6 more inseminations (P≤0.01), compared with animals whose indicators were in the range of 2.2...3.3 mmol/l. At the same time, the greatest difference in the multiplicity of insemination was present in animals 3...7 lactation (1.2 inseminations per fertilization; P≤0.001). The period from calving to fertilization in cows with a high glucose content was longer by 39.4 days (P < 0.05), while the maximum deviation was found among animals older than the 2nd lactation (by 43.4%; P< 0.05). An increase in the level of β-hydroxybutyrate over 0.7 mmol/l was also accompanied by a deterioration in reproductive function. Thus, the lengthening of the infertility period for all lactation was 21.2 days (P≤0.05). The most pronounced negative effect on reproductive function in ketonemia was observed in first-heifers and cows of the second lactation. So, after the first birth, the lengthening of the period from calving to fertilization was 42.0 days (P < 0.05), and after the second lactation - 29.2 days (P < 0.05). Thus, an increase in the level of glucose and β-hydroxybutyrate in the blood negatively affects, first of all, the reproductive function of cows, and to a lesser extent, the indicators of milk productivity.","PeriodicalId":14419,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Medicine","volume":"10 s1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138967987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-15DOI: 10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.293
L. Karpenko, A. Bakhta
This work is devoted to studying the effect of Expert Hepatic ready-made diets for adult cats liver care company MIRATORG on cats in the complex therapy of hepatopathy. An important component in the complex treatment of cats with liver diseases is the use of complete diets. The purpose of these diets is to replenish energy and nutrients to maintain the body's needs and ensure the regeneration of hepatocytes to maintain liver function. This can be achieved if the diet is easily digestible and has high palatability, high energy density and modified protein content. In the course of the studies, biochemical blood parameters were studied, reflecting the condition of the liver in cats, which used ready-made Expert Hepatic diets for adult cats’ liver care from the MIRATORG company in the complex treatment of hepatopathy. The study was conducted on the basis of the Multifunctional Veterinary Center "SPbGUVM" in the period from February 2022 to October 2023. The study was carried out on cats of different breeds aged 6-9 years. The study revealed that at the beginning of the experiment, all experimental animals had increased indicators characterizing the condition of the liver. At the same time, the activity of the cytolysis marker enzymes AlAT and AST was higher than the upper limit of the reference values for this animal species by an average of 1.5 times. A less pronounced increase in activity was observed in alkaline phosphatase, the main marker of cholestasis. These changes corresponded to a moderate increase in the content of total bilirubin. By the end of the experiment, a significant decrease in all studied parameters was observed. The level of bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase was at the upper limit of the reference values for this animal species. The activity of aminotransferases significantly decreased, but still remained above normal.
{"title":"Analysis of the use of ready-made Expert hepatic diets for adult cats liver care company Miratorg","authors":"L. Karpenko, A. Bakhta","doi":"10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.293","url":null,"abstract":"This work is devoted to studying the effect of Expert Hepatic ready-made diets for adult cats liver care company MIRATORG on cats in the complex therapy of hepatopathy. An important component in the complex treatment of cats with liver diseases is the use of complete diets. The purpose of these diets is to replenish energy and nutrients to maintain the body's needs and ensure the regeneration of hepatocytes to maintain liver function. This can be achieved if the diet is easily digestible and has high palatability, high energy density and modified protein content. In the course of the studies, biochemical blood parameters were studied, reflecting the condition of the liver in cats, which used ready-made Expert Hepatic diets for adult cats’ liver care from the MIRATORG company in the complex treatment of hepatopathy. The study was conducted on the basis of the Multifunctional Veterinary Center \"SPbGUVM\" in the period from February 2022 to October 2023. The study was carried out on cats of different breeds aged 6-9 years. The study revealed that at the beginning of the experiment, all experimental animals had increased indicators characterizing the condition of the liver. At the same time, the activity of the cytolysis marker enzymes AlAT and AST was higher than the upper limit of the reference values for this animal species by an average of 1.5 times. A less pronounced increase in activity was observed in alkaline phosphatase, the main marker of cholestasis. These changes corresponded to a moderate increase in the content of total bilirubin. By the end of the experiment, a significant decrease in all studied parameters was observed. The level of bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase was at the upper limit of the reference values for this animal species. The activity of aminotransferases significantly decreased, but still remained above normal.","PeriodicalId":14419,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Medicine","volume":"29 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138996008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：