Pub Date : 2023-12-12DOI: 10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.190
R. M. Khomenko, V. V. Alexandrov, S. Safronov
In conditions of industrial milk production, it is important to provide livestock with complete feed, including all the necessary nutrients to meet the needs of a lactating cow. Active metabolic processes and intense activity of the cow’s entire body during lactation are a prerequisite for increasing its need for vitamins. Currently, various feed additives and premixes are used in feeding dairy cows, enriching the animals’ diet with essential vitamins, but their productive effect is contradictory. The conducted studies established the positive effect of the liposomal additive “LipoCar” on meeting the need for β-carotene and vitamin A in the body of cows during lactation. Introduction of the feed additive “LipoCar” into the main diet in the amount of 6 g/cow/day. helps normalize the vitamin nutrition of cows, especially during the transit period. This is confirmed by the results of studies of the blood serum of cows before and after the use of the LipoCar feed additive. In the control group, the content of vitamin A in the blood serum of cows was 2.4 times higher and corresponded to the physiological norm, compared to the control group, where this indicator did not correspond to the norm. There was a positive trend in the content of β-carotene in the blood serum of cows in the experimental group, with an increase of 4.4 times by the end of the study compared to the control group. The results obtained allow us to recommend the use of the LipoCar feed additive in the diets of cows from the first day after calving in an amount of 6 g/head. 1 time per day for 30 days to normalize metabolism and increase resistance in lactating cow.
{"title":"The effect of liposomal feed additives on the provision of vitamin A and carotene in cows","authors":"R. M. Khomenko, V. V. Alexandrov, S. Safronov","doi":"10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.190","url":null,"abstract":"In conditions of industrial milk production, it is important to provide livestock with complete feed, including all the necessary nutrients to meet the needs of a lactating cow. Active metabolic processes and intense activity of the cow’s entire body during lactation are a prerequisite for increasing its need for vitamins. Currently, various feed additives and premixes are used in feeding dairy cows, enriching the animals’ diet with essential vitamins, but their productive effect is contradictory. The conducted studies established the positive effect of the liposomal additive “LipoCar” on meeting the need for β-carotene and vitamin A in the body of cows during lactation. Introduction of the feed additive “LipoCar” into the main diet in the amount of 6 g/cow/day. helps normalize the vitamin nutrition of cows, especially during the transit period. This is confirmed by the results of studies of the blood serum of cows before and after the use of the LipoCar feed additive. In the control group, the content of vitamin A in the blood serum of cows was 2.4 times higher and corresponded to the physiological norm, compared to the control group, where this indicator did not correspond to the norm. There was a positive trend in the content of β-carotene in the blood serum of cows in the experimental group, with an increase of 4.4 times by the end of the study compared to the control group. The results obtained allow us to recommend the use of the LipoCar feed additive in the diets of cows from the first day after calving in an amount of 6 g/head. 1 time per day for 30 days to normalize metabolism and increase resistance in lactating cow.","PeriodicalId":14419,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Medicine","volume":"2 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139006814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-12DOI: 10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.179
O. Popova, V. S. Ponamarev, A. Kostrova, L. Agafonova
Liver pathologies play a significant role in changing the metabolism and clearance of a number of pharmacologically active substances, including 1,3,7-trimethylxanthine, which is explained by their influence on enzyme systems that regulate the biotransformation of exogenous biologically active substances. Currently, changes in caffeine clearance are being actively studied in various hepatobiliary disorders, especially those that are chronic, since it is precisely such pathologies, according to a number of researchers, that are characterized by the most predictable and stable change in the trimethylxanthine pharmacokinetic profile. The purpose of the study was to determine changes in serum caffeine levels when inducing fatty liver disease in laboratory animals (rats). The studies were carried out in the vivarium of the Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education of St. Petersburg State University of Medicine. Laboratory animals from a previous series of experiments were selected for the study in order to further compare the “caffeine curves.” Fatty hepatosis was modeled using strontium sulfate according to the methodology developed at the Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology. Upon completion of induction, fatty hepatosis was confirmed based on clinical and biochemical signs. Based on the studies conducted, we can conclude that there are certain correlations. For example, in fatty hepatosis, the elimination of caffeine is not significantly slowed down with a characteristic long plateau (up to 8 hours after administration), turning into a smooth decrease in concentration. Experimental data can be used to create a database to assess the relationship between pharmacokinetics and the physiological state of animals. Similar experiments need to be carried out on other animal species, which will create a holistic picture and help in assessing pathologies for veterinary specialists.
{"title":"Elimination of 1,3,7-trimethylxanthine in laboratory animals during the induction of fatty hepatosis","authors":"O. Popova, V. S. Ponamarev, A. Kostrova, L. Agafonova","doi":"10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.179","url":null,"abstract":"Liver pathologies play a significant role in changing the metabolism and clearance of a number of pharmacologically active substances, including 1,3,7-trimethylxanthine, which is explained by their influence on enzyme systems that regulate the biotransformation of exogenous biologically active substances. Currently, changes in caffeine clearance are being actively studied in various hepatobiliary disorders, especially those that are chronic, since it is precisely such pathologies, according to a number of researchers, that are characterized by the most predictable and stable change in the trimethylxanthine pharmacokinetic profile. The purpose of the study was to determine changes in serum caffeine levels when inducing fatty liver disease in laboratory animals (rats). The studies were carried out in the vivarium of the Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education of St. Petersburg State University of Medicine. Laboratory animals from a previous series of experiments were selected for the study in order to further compare the “caffeine curves.” Fatty hepatosis was modeled using strontium sulfate according to the methodology developed at the Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology. Upon completion of induction, fatty hepatosis was confirmed based on clinical and biochemical signs. Based on the studies conducted, we can conclude that there are certain correlations. For example, in fatty hepatosis, the elimination of caffeine is not significantly slowed down with a characteristic long plateau (up to 8 hours after administration), turning into a smooth decrease in concentration. Experimental data can be used to create a database to assess the relationship between pharmacokinetics and the physiological state of animals. Similar experiments need to be carried out on other animal species, which will create a holistic picture and help in assessing pathologies for veterinary specialists.","PeriodicalId":14419,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Medicine","volume":"12 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138977024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-11DOI: 10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.117
D. Proskurin, O. V. Dilekova
This problem is also relevant for urbanized cases, especially for the southern regions of the country, where there are cases of spread of ticks. Research on the basis of the Department of Parasitology and Veterinary and Sanitary Expertise, Anatomy and Pathology named after prof. S. N. Nikolsky and the Scientific, Diagnostic and Treatment Veterinary Center of the FGBOU HE "Stavropol State Agrarian University", as well as on the basis of the veterinary clinic IP Zaichenko "Veterinary Center named after. Pirogov. The object of the study was ixodid ticks of the genera Dermacentor and Ixodes, seized using a specialized trap, as well as seized with dogs in veterinary clinics during the acceptance. The study showed that two main types of ixodid ticks are widespread in the city of Stavropol: Demacentor and Ixodes. According to the results of research in 2022, female ticks of the genus Dermacentor identified 54% of the total number of adults, males - 46%. Female ticks of the genus Ixodes accounted for 61% of the total number of adults, males - 39%. The spring peak of activity in 2023 showed that female ticks of the genus Dermacentor were identified in the amount of 102 individuals, males - 78 individuals. Female ticks of the genus Ixodes accounted for 53% of the total number of adults, males - 47%. Thus, it has been established that the most widespread distribution of ixodid ticks takes place in the Industrial District of Stavropol, the distribution of alleys, forest zones and walking areas with the coverage of the species of ticks of the genus Dermacentor, is 79% of the total number of captured ectoparasites.
这个问题也与城市化病例有关，特别是在该国南部地区，那里有蜱虫传播的病例。以 S. N. Nikolsky 教授的名字命名的寄生虫学、兽医和卫生专业知识、解剖学和病理学系开展了研究。S.N.尼科尔斯基教授命名的寄生虫学、兽医和卫生专家、解剖学和病理学系和 FGBOU HE "斯塔夫罗波尔国立农业大学 "科学、诊断和治疗兽医中心，以及 IP Zaichenko "以......Pirogov.命名的兽医中心 "兽医诊所为基础进行的研究。 皮罗戈夫命名的兽医中心 "的基础上建立的。研究对象是使用专用捕捉器捕获的皮蜱属（Dermacentor）和蜱属（Ixodes）蜱，以及验收期间在兽医诊所用狗捕获的蜱。研究结果表明，在斯塔夫罗波尔市广泛分布着两种主要的蜱虫： Demacentor和Ixodes。根据 2022 年的研究结果，皮蜱属的雌蜱占成虫总数的 54%，雄蜱占 46%。Ixodes 属雌性蜱占成虫总数的 61%，雄性占 39%。2023 年春季的活动高峰显示，皮蜱属雌性蜱的数量为 102 只，雄性蜱为 78 只。 Ixodes 属雌性蜱占成虫总数的 53%，雄性占 47%。因此，可以确定在斯塔夫罗波尔工业区的蜱虫分布最为广泛，在小巷、林区和步行区的蜱虫分布占捕获的体外寄生虫总数的79%。
{"title":"Monitoring of the epizootic situation of tick infestation in the territory of Stavropol","authors":"D. Proskurin, O. V. Dilekova","doi":"10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.117","url":null,"abstract":"This problem is also relevant for urbanized cases, especially for the southern regions of the country, where there are cases of spread of ticks. Research on the basis of the Department of Parasitology and Veterinary and Sanitary Expertise, Anatomy and Pathology named after prof. S. N. Nikolsky and the Scientific, Diagnostic and Treatment Veterinary Center of the FGBOU HE \"Stavropol State Agrarian University\", as well as on the basis of the veterinary clinic IP Zaichenko \"Veterinary Center named after. Pirogov. The object of the study was ixodid ticks of the genera Dermacentor and Ixodes, seized using a specialized trap, as well as seized with dogs in veterinary clinics during the acceptance. The study showed that two main types of ixodid ticks are widespread in the city of Stavropol: Demacentor and Ixodes. According to the results of research in 2022, female ticks of the genus Dermacentor identified 54% of the total number of adults, males - 46%. Female ticks of the genus Ixodes accounted for 61% of the total number of adults, males - 39%. The spring peak of activity in 2023 showed that female ticks of the genus Dermacentor were identified in the amount of 102 individuals, males - 78 individuals. Female ticks of the genus Ixodes accounted for 53% of the total number of adults, males - 47%. Thus, it has been established that the most widespread distribution of ixodid ticks takes place in the Industrial District of Stavropol, the distribution of alleys, forest zones and walking areas with the coverage of the species of ticks of the genus Dermacentor, is 79% of the total number of captured ectoparasites.","PeriodicalId":14419,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Medicine","volume":"38 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138981011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-11DOI: 10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.126
S. V. Kuzmicheva, D. Mikryakov, D. A. Novikov, S. R. Salov
An experimental study of the effect of various feed additives on the rate of mass accumulation, growth rate and survival of sterlet larvae was carried out. Four groups of fish were planted in flowthrough plastic pools with 150 fish each. The control group (I) was fed without additives, while the experimental group was fed with the addition of different preparations: II - preparation "AQUATAN" based on ellagotannins produced by the company "Tanin", Sevnica, Slovenia. Sevnica (Slovenia) at the rate of 2 g/kg of feed, III - antibacterial preparation based on ciprofloxacin "Antibak-100" (LLC "NVTs Agrovetzaschita"), at the rate of 0.5 g/kg live weight of fish, IV - probiotic based on Bacillus subtilis "SUB-PRO" (LLC "Vector-Euro") at the rate of 100 g/t feed. The preparations were added to the feed according to the instructions. The effect of preparations on fish was evaluated by fishery indicators: average daily growth rate, absolute growth, average daily gain and mass accumulation coefficient. During the experiment it was found that the values of fishery indicators in different groups of sterlet changed with different intensity depending on the time after the beginning of the experiment. The highest growth rate and mass accumulation rates were recorded in fish fed with SUB-PRO and Antibak-100, and the lowest with Aquatan. The results obtained indicate the expediency of further studies of the effect of various preparations on the fishery parameters of aquaculture objects aquaculture.
{"title":"The effect of various drugs on the growth rate of sterlet larvae","authors":"S. V. Kuzmicheva, D. Mikryakov, D. A. Novikov, S. R. Salov","doi":"10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.126","url":null,"abstract":"An experimental study of the effect of various feed additives on the rate of mass accumulation, growth rate and survival of sterlet larvae was carried out. Four groups of fish were planted in flowthrough plastic pools with 150 fish each. The control group (I) was fed without additives, while the experimental group was fed with the addition of different preparations: II - preparation \"AQUATAN\" based on ellagotannins produced by the company \"Tanin\", Sevnica, Slovenia. Sevnica (Slovenia) at the rate of 2 g/kg of feed, III - antibacterial preparation based on ciprofloxacin \"Antibak-100\" (LLC \"NVTs Agrovetzaschita\"), at the rate of 0.5 g/kg live weight of fish, IV - probiotic based on Bacillus subtilis \"SUB-PRO\" (LLC \"Vector-Euro\") at the rate of 100 g/t feed. The preparations were added to the feed according to the instructions. The effect of preparations on fish was evaluated by fishery indicators: average daily growth rate, absolute growth, average daily gain and mass accumulation coefficient. During the experiment it was found that the values of fishery indicators in different groups of sterlet changed with different intensity depending on the time after the beginning of the experiment. The highest growth rate and mass accumulation rates were recorded in fish fed with SUB-PRO and Antibak-100, and the lowest with Aquatan. The results obtained indicate the expediency of further studies of the effect of various preparations on the fishery parameters of aquaculture objects aquaculture.","PeriodicalId":14419,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Medicine","volume":"20 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138979995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-11DOI: 10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.133
T. Boyko, I. V. Ogurnoy, M. V. Koshkarev
The paper presents the results of the assessment of morphological changes in the uterus and ovaries of laboratory animals against the background of the introduction of therapeutic doses of a multifunctional phytopreparation, which includes alcohol extracts from plants: white hellebore (Veratrum album), dioecious nettle (Urtica dioica), yarrow (Millefolii herba) and has rumination, uterotonic, hemostatic and anti-inflammatory effects. Therapeutic doses for cows were tested, which for rats amounted to 0.2 ml per head. The phytopreparation was adminitered subcutaneously three times, every other day. The control group rats were subcutaneously injected with a saline solution of sodium chloride (NaCI 0.9%) according to the same scheme. The methods of digital microscopy were used in the study of micropreparations. Morphometric analysis of the histoarchitectonics of the uterus revealed a statistically significant increase in the diameter of the cross-section of the uterus of female rats of the experimental group by 25.8% (p≤0.05) compared with the control group due to an increase in the epithelial by 24.5% (p≤0.05) and the endometrial lamina of the uterine mucosa by 32% (p≤0.05), which indicates on increasing the secretory activity of the epithelial cover of the uterus. In the experimental group of rats treated with phytopreparation, a significant increase of 46% (p<0.05) in the number of primordial follicles was noted. There was also a tendency to increase the number of primary – by 36.3%, secondary – by 41.7%, tertiary – by 75% of follicles and yellow bodies – by 22.2% in rats of the experimental group compared with the control indicators. Quantitative indicators of the follicular composition of the ovaries of rats of the experimental group and an increase in the follicle aging coefficient by 60% (p≤0.05) indicate stimulation of the ovarian reserve against the background of the use of phytopreparation.
{"title":"Morphofunctional changes in the reproductive organs of females against the background of the use of a phytopreparation (experimental study)","authors":"T. Boyko, I. V. Ogurnoy, M. V. Koshkarev","doi":"10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.133","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents the results of the assessment of morphological changes in the uterus and ovaries of laboratory animals against the background of the introduction of therapeutic doses of a multifunctional phytopreparation, which includes alcohol extracts from plants: white hellebore (Veratrum album), dioecious nettle (Urtica dioica), yarrow (Millefolii herba) and has rumination, uterotonic, hemostatic and anti-inflammatory effects. Therapeutic doses for cows were tested, which for rats amounted to 0.2 ml per head. The phytopreparation was adminitered subcutaneously three times, every other day. The control group rats were subcutaneously injected with a saline solution of sodium chloride (NaCI 0.9%) according to the same scheme. The methods of digital microscopy were used in the study of micropreparations. Morphometric analysis of the histoarchitectonics of the uterus revealed a statistically significant increase in the diameter of the cross-section of the uterus of female rats of the experimental group by 25.8% (p≤0.05) compared with the control group due to an increase in the epithelial by 24.5% (p≤0.05) and the endometrial lamina of the uterine mucosa by 32% (p≤0.05), which indicates on increasing the secretory activity of the epithelial cover of the uterus. In the experimental group of rats treated with phytopreparation, a significant increase of 46% (p<0.05) in the number of primordial follicles was noted. There was also a tendency to increase the number of primary – by 36.3%, secondary – by 41.7%, tertiary – by 75% of follicles and yellow bodies – by 22.2% in rats of the experimental group compared with the control indicators. Quantitative indicators of the follicular composition of the ovaries of rats of the experimental group and an increase in the follicle aging coefficient by 60% (p≤0.05) indicate stimulation of the ovarian reserve against the background of the use of phytopreparation.","PeriodicalId":14419,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Medicine","volume":"212 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139010154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-10DOI: 10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.14
N. I. Khammadov, K. S. Khaertynov, R. M. Akhmadeev, R. I. Shangaraev, K. V. Usoltcev, A. I. Khamidullina, A. Galeeva
Tuberculosis is a dangerous socially significant disease of various animal species. According to Rosselkhoznadzor data for 2022, the situation with bovine tuberculosis is endemic, stable, long-term trends are decreasing, epidemic thresholds for ill health and incidence have not been overcome. It should be noted that in 2022, bovine tuberculosis was not officially detected, but this infection was registered in several pigs and wild boars. Take a point that the reduction in the number of cases of tuberculosis in cattle is decreased (to zero), the overall strategy for combating this disease is successful, but this does not mean that the need to develop new tests for the accelerated diagnosis of this infection has completely disappeared. The safety of service personnel directly depends on minimizing the risk of infection with pathogens common to humans and animals, one of which is tuberculosis. The fastest way to indicate infectious agents is by immunochromatographic analysis. This publication is devoted to the details that it is desirable to focus on when developing a diagnostic test based on immunochromatographic analysis, using the example of bovine tuberculosis. As an antigen in the presented study, native antigens of Mycobacterium bovis grown on a nutrient medium Levenshtein-Jensen with proven antigenic activity were used. Conjugation of antispecies antibodies was carried out with a colloidal solution of gold, (diameter of particle is 25±0,9 nm). In the course of the work, the optimal conditions for the manufacture of a diagnostic test for the detection of anti-tuberculosis antibodies by immunochromatographic analysis were shown.
{"title":"An immunochromatographic test for the detection of anti-tuberculosis antibodies","authors":"N. I. Khammadov, K. S. Khaertynov, R. M. Akhmadeev, R. I. Shangaraev, K. V. Usoltcev, A. I. Khamidullina, A. Galeeva","doi":"10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.14","url":null,"abstract":"Tuberculosis is a dangerous socially significant disease of various animal species. According to Rosselkhoznadzor data for 2022, the situation with bovine tuberculosis is endemic, stable, long-term trends are decreasing, epidemic thresholds for ill health and incidence have not been overcome. It should be noted that in 2022, bovine tuberculosis was not officially detected, but this infection was registered in several pigs and wild boars. Take a point that the reduction in the number of cases of tuberculosis in cattle is decreased (to zero), the overall strategy for combating this disease is successful, but this does not mean that the need to develop new tests for the accelerated diagnosis of this infection has completely disappeared. The safety of service personnel directly depends on minimizing the risk of infection with pathogens common to humans and animals, one of which is tuberculosis. The fastest way to indicate infectious agents is by immunochromatographic analysis. This publication is devoted to the details that it is desirable to focus on when developing a diagnostic test based on immunochromatographic analysis, using the example of bovine tuberculosis. As an antigen in the presented study, native antigens of Mycobacterium bovis grown on a nutrient medium Levenshtein-Jensen with proven antigenic activity were used. Conjugation of antispecies antibodies was carried out with a colloidal solution of gold, (diameter of particle is 25±0,9 nm). In the course of the work, the optimal conditions for the manufacture of a diagnostic test for the detection of anti-tuberculosis antibodies by immunochromatographic analysis were shown.","PeriodicalId":14419,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Medicine","volume":"73 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138982410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-10DOI: 10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.49
M. A. Senina, K. I. Krivetsky, E. V. Arkhipenko
The formation of the level of zoosanitary protection of enterprises is reflected in the assignment of the status of regionalization for especially dangerous animal diseases throughout the country. The Federal Service for Veterinary and Phytosanitary Surveillance ensures the safety of the territory of the Russian Federation from the introduction and spread of animal diseases. Assigning the level of compartmentalization to an enterprise depends on compliance with the basic standards for the maintenance and breeding of pigs, as well as the processing of pig products. The assignment of the highest level of compartmentalization allows the company to sell products almost without restrictions, both within the subject of the Russian Federation and between subjects, as well as for export. The emergence of outbreaks of particularly dangerous diseases not only in Russia, but also around the world causes great social and economic damage. The World Organization for Animal Health is developing principles for ensuring the biological safety of the territory. Carrying out preventive, diagnostic and therapeutic measures at enterprises form an increase in the level of zoosanitary protection and ensuring the safety of the spread of the disease. The topic of the article is new and relevant today, since the level of compartmentalization of enterprises in the region confirms the zoosanitary status of the territory. The export of meat products from the territory of the region depends on a number of factors, including the assigned status of regionalization. Increasing the export potential of the region depends on the interaction of authorities and enterprises. The fulfillment of the conditions of the importing countries is the most important principle of export supplies. Many enterprises are deprived of the right to export only because of the formal approach of fulfilling the requirements that lead to the identification of violations during the preparation of export shipments and the certification of the enterprise for inclusion in the registers of compartmentalization.
{"title":"The influence of the level of compartmentalization on the export potential of the region, in the context of the Novosibirsk and Tomsk regions","authors":"M. A. Senina, K. I. Krivetsky, E. V. Arkhipenko","doi":"10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.49","url":null,"abstract":"The formation of the level of zoosanitary protection of enterprises is reflected in the assignment of the status of regionalization for especially dangerous animal diseases throughout the country. The Federal Service for Veterinary and Phytosanitary Surveillance ensures the safety of the territory of the Russian Federation from the introduction and spread of animal diseases. Assigning the level of compartmentalization to an enterprise depends on compliance with the basic standards for the maintenance and breeding of pigs, as well as the processing of pig products. The assignment of the highest level of compartmentalization allows the company to sell products almost without restrictions, both within the subject of the Russian Federation and between subjects, as well as for export. The emergence of outbreaks of particularly dangerous diseases not only in Russia, but also around the world causes great social and economic damage. The World Organization for Animal Health is developing principles for ensuring the biological safety of the territory. Carrying out preventive, diagnostic and therapeutic measures at enterprises form an increase in the level of zoosanitary protection and ensuring the safety of the spread of the disease. The topic of the article is new and relevant today, since the level of compartmentalization of enterprises in the region confirms the zoosanitary status of the territory. The export of meat products from the territory of the region depends on a number of factors, including the assigned status of regionalization. Increasing the export potential of the region depends on the interaction of authorities and enterprises. The fulfillment of the conditions of the importing countries is the most important principle of export supplies. Many enterprises are deprived of the right to export only because of the formal approach of fulfilling the requirements that lead to the identification of violations during the preparation of export shipments and the certification of the enterprise for inclusion in the registers of compartmentalization.","PeriodicalId":14419,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Medicine","volume":"112 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138982931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-10DOI: 10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.78
A. I. Zhivoderova, V. S. Samoylenko
It is known that the gut microbiota plays a central role in the health and biology of the animal, and is therefore important for scientific research. Microorganisms of the genus Lactobacllus are widespread in nature and are considered representatives of the microflora of the macroorganism of the animal. Lactobacllus acidophilus is widely used as a probiotic, and is known for its immunostimulating effect, it colonizes the intestines of a newborn and accompanies the animal throughout its life. Enterococcus faecium is also used as a probiotic, due to its high antagonistic activity against pathogenic microbiota, and also participates in the formation and maintenance of immunity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the probiotic component of L. acidophilus 13, E. faecium k-50 in conditions simulating the gastrointestinal tract, to study the bacteriocinogenic potential and antagonistic properties of lactobacilli and enterococci and their composition. In this review, we summarize recent advances in understanding the mechanisms involved in bacterial tolerance to bile, with particular emphasis on research contributions. In addition, the physiological and ecological role of enzymes and their importance for animal health, as well as the function of bile acid as a regulator of metabolism, are discussed. Samples were used in the study.
{"title":"IN VITRO evaluation of probiotic properties and bacteriocinogenic potential of strains of microorganisms L. Acidophilus 13, E. Faecium K-50 and their compositions","authors":"A. I. Zhivoderova, V. S. Samoylenko","doi":"10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.78","url":null,"abstract":"It is known that the gut microbiota plays a central role in the health and biology of the animal, and is therefore important for scientific research. Microorganisms of the genus Lactobacllus are widespread in nature and are considered representatives of the microflora of the macroorganism of the animal. Lactobacllus acidophilus is widely used as a probiotic, and is known for its immunostimulating effect, it colonizes the intestines of a newborn and accompanies the animal throughout its life. Enterococcus faecium is also used as a probiotic, due to its high antagonistic activity against pathogenic microbiota, and also participates in the formation and maintenance of immunity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the probiotic component of L. acidophilus 13, E. faecium k-50 in conditions simulating the gastrointestinal tract, to study the bacteriocinogenic potential and antagonistic properties of lactobacilli and enterococci and their composition. In this review, we summarize recent advances in understanding the mechanisms involved in bacterial tolerance to bile, with particular emphasis on research contributions. In addition, the physiological and ecological role of enzymes and their importance for animal health, as well as the function of bile acid as a regulator of metabolism, are discussed. Samples were used in the study.","PeriodicalId":14419,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Medicine","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138982490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-10DOI: 10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.30
N. V. Tarlavin, V. Veretennikov, E. Javadov, D. Kraskov, K. V. Sidorenko, I. Makhnin
Marek's disease is a dangerous immunosuppressive viral disease of poultry. Most egg poultry farm in the Russian Federation vaccinate their chickens on the first day of life against this viral disease. Thanks to this vaccine prevention tactic, poultry farms protect themselves from the outbreak of this disease and economic damage. Traditionally, among the viruses related to this disease, there are the 1st serotype of the Marek's disease virus (Gallid alphaherpesvirus 2) and the 3rd serotype of the Marek's disease virus, which is not such in a strict taxonomic sense (Meleagrid alphaherpesvirus 1, also called turkey herpesvirus). When poultry is infected, this virus causes a significant change in the expression of the main immunity genes (IL6, PTGS2, IRF7). Based on the results obtained, it was concluded that the expression of the IL6 and PTGS2 genes was slightly higher than the level of expression of these genes in the control group. It is possible that local immunity was suppressed by the immunosuppressive properties of the Marek's disease virus. When studying the expression of the IRF7 gene, a strong effect of viruses of both serotypes on this gene was found, and Gallid alphaherpesvirus 2 exceeded the level of this effect compared to the effect of Meleagrid alphaherpesvirus 1 by 4 times. These results may indicate that sharply increasing expression of the IRF7 gene may be a sign of Marek's disease virus replication (since Gallid alphaherpesvirus 2 and Meleagrid alphaherpesvirus 1 interact with the same cellular receptor, the vaccine effect of Meleagrid alphaherpesvirus 1 is based on this). On the other hand, we can conclude that the introduction of these viruses does not cause inflammatory and immune reactions in the ileocecal tonsils of birds.
{"title":"The nature of expression of avian immunity genes during infection with GALLID ALPHAHERPESVIRUS 2 and MELEAGRID ALPHAHERPESVIRUS 1","authors":"N. V. Tarlavin, V. Veretennikov, E. Javadov, D. Kraskov, K. V. Sidorenko, I. Makhnin","doi":"10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.30","url":null,"abstract":"Marek's disease is a dangerous immunosuppressive viral disease of poultry. Most egg poultry farm in the Russian Federation vaccinate their chickens on the first day of life against this viral disease. Thanks to this vaccine prevention tactic, poultry farms protect themselves from the outbreak of this disease and economic damage. Traditionally, among the viruses related to this disease, there are the 1st serotype of the Marek's disease virus (Gallid alphaherpesvirus 2) and the 3rd serotype of the Marek's disease virus, which is not such in a strict taxonomic sense (Meleagrid alphaherpesvirus 1, also called turkey herpesvirus). When poultry is infected, this virus causes a significant change in the expression of the main immunity genes (IL6, PTGS2, IRF7). Based on the results obtained, it was concluded that the expression of the IL6 and PTGS2 genes was slightly higher than the level of expression of these genes in the control group. It is possible that local immunity was suppressed by the immunosuppressive properties of the Marek's disease virus. When studying the expression of the IRF7 gene, a strong effect of viruses of both serotypes on this gene was found, and Gallid alphaherpesvirus 2 exceeded the level of this effect compared to the effect of Meleagrid alphaherpesvirus 1 by 4 times. These results may indicate that sharply increasing expression of the IRF7 gene may be a sign of Marek's disease virus replication (since Gallid alphaherpesvirus 2 and Meleagrid alphaherpesvirus 1 interact with the same cellular receptor, the vaccine effect of Meleagrid alphaherpesvirus 1 is based on this). On the other hand, we can conclude that the introduction of these viruses does not cause inflammatory and immune reactions in the ileocecal tonsils of birds.","PeriodicalId":14419,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Medicine","volume":"1128 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138982625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-10DOI: 10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.96
A. Poryvaeva, E. Pechura, O. G. Petrova, N. A. Bezborodova, Y. Lysova, D. A. Belousova
The aim of the work was to assess the effectiveness of an improved monitoring program for controlled infectious animal diseases and individual vaccination programs for acute respiratory viral infection in cattle. To fulfill the tasks set, serological studies, PCR diagnostics, bacteriological and coprological methods of examining biological samples from animals were carried out. As a result of the work, the main factors influencing the effectiveness of vaccine prophylaxis of acute respiratory viral infection in cattle populations have been identified. It was found that in three administrative and administrative districts of the Sverdlovsk region, the main factors in 35.1% of cases are violations of the rules of vaccination of acute respiratory viral infection of cattle, in 13.5% of cases - violations of zoo-hygienic and veterinary–sanitary conditions of keeping farm animals. A comprehensive assessment of the effectiveness of individual vaccination programs for cattle against acute respiratory viral infection has been carried out, taking into account the epizootological situation in agricultural organizations. It was shown that vaccination of cattle against acute respiratory viral infection according to individual programs ensured the formation of specific immunity in 92.5-95.0% of animals. The number of immunotolerant individuals and animals with a low level of immunoreactivity in the physiological group of young cattle did not exceed 3.5%, in the physiological group of adult animals – 1.25%. The high efficiency of improved scientifically based programs for monitoring, diagnosis, therapeutic, preventive and health measures to protect animals from epizootically significant infectious diseases of cattle among the populations of farm animals of the Ural Federal District has been confirmed.
{"title":"The effectiveness of scientifically based monitoring programs and therapeutic and preventive measures for controlled infectious diseases of animals","authors":"A. Poryvaeva, E. Pechura, O. G. Petrova, N. A. Bezborodova, Y. Lysova, D. A. Belousova","doi":"10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.96","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.96","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the work was to assess the effectiveness of an improved monitoring program for controlled infectious animal diseases and individual vaccination programs for acute respiratory viral infection in cattle. To fulfill the tasks set, serological studies, PCR diagnostics, bacteriological and coprological methods of examining biological samples from animals were carried out. As a result of the work, the main factors influencing the effectiveness of vaccine prophylaxis of acute respiratory viral infection in cattle populations have been identified. It was found that in three administrative and administrative districts of the Sverdlovsk region, the main factors in 35.1% of cases are violations of the rules of vaccination of acute respiratory viral infection of cattle, in 13.5% of cases - violations of zoo-hygienic and veterinary–sanitary conditions of keeping farm animals. A comprehensive assessment of the effectiveness of individual vaccination programs for cattle against acute respiratory viral infection has been carried out, taking into account the epizootological situation in agricultural organizations. It was shown that vaccination of cattle against acute respiratory viral infection according to individual programs ensured the formation of specific immunity in 92.5-95.0% of animals. The number of immunotolerant individuals and animals with a low level of immunoreactivity in the physiological group of young cattle did not exceed 3.5%, in the physiological group of adult animals – 1.25%. The high efficiency of improved scientifically based programs for monitoring, diagnosis, therapeutic, preventive and health measures to protect animals from epizootically significant infectious diseases of cattle among the populations of farm animals of the Ural Federal District has been confirmed.","PeriodicalId":14419,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Medicine","volume":"759 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138982704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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