Pub Date : 2023-12-18DOI: 10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.480
K. P. Sadovedov, A. Nechaev, K. Plemyashov
Cesarean section, being one of the most common operations in veterinary surgery, requires a special anesthetic protocol that provides adequate anesthesia for the mother and has minimal effect on puppies. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of various non-inhalation and inhaled anesthetics on newborn puppies during cesarean section, based on the analysis of cord blood gases. 3 groups of experimental animals were formed, which used one of the studied anesthetic protocols. In the first experimental group, propofol at a dose of 4-6 mg/kg was used to maintain general anesthesia. Inhaled halogen-containing anesthetics were used in the second and third experimental groups. Isoflurane 0.5 – 2.0 vol% was used in the second group, and sevoflurane 1.0 – 2.0 vol% was used in the third group. When using all the studied anesthetics, an acidbase imbalance in the form of moderate acidosis was detected in the puppies after delivery, however, acidosis was less pronounced in the groups where halogen-containing anesthetics were used. The use of inhaled halogen-containing anesthetics had a lesser effect on puppies compared to non-inhalation ones. There were no significant differences in the effect of isoflurane and sevoflurane from inhaled anesthetics.
{"title":"Changes in the gas composition of umbilical cord blood of newborns after cesarean section using various protocols of general anesthesia in dogs","authors":"K. P. Sadovedov, A. Nechaev, K. Plemyashov","doi":"10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.480","url":null,"abstract":"Cesarean section, being one of the most common operations in veterinary surgery, requires a special anesthetic protocol that provides adequate anesthesia for the mother and has minimal effect on puppies. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of various non-inhalation and inhaled anesthetics on newborn puppies during cesarean section, based on the analysis of cord blood gases. 3 groups of experimental animals were formed, which used one of the studied anesthetic protocols. In the first experimental group, propofol at a dose of 4-6 mg/kg was used to maintain general anesthesia. Inhaled halogen-containing anesthetics were used in the second and third experimental groups. Isoflurane 0.5 – 2.0 vol% was used in the second group, and sevoflurane 1.0 – 2.0 vol% was used in the third group. When using all the studied anesthetics, an acidbase imbalance in the form of moderate acidosis was detected in the puppies after delivery, however, acidosis was less pronounced in the groups where halogen-containing anesthetics were used. The use of inhaled halogen-containing anesthetics had a lesser effect on puppies compared to non-inhalation ones. There were no significant differences in the effect of isoflurane and sevoflurane from inhaled anesthetics.","PeriodicalId":14419,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Medicine","volume":" 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138963524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-18DOI: 10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.463
A. Bokarev, A. O. Minina, V. E. Gorokhov
The article presents the results of a study on the effect of steroid and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on platelets.The object of the study was plasma obtained from rat blood (n=10). Blood sampling (2.0 ml from each animal) was carried out from the tail vein into test tubes with sodium citrate. Cell elements were counted directly in blood and in platelet plasma using a MEK-6550 hematological analyzer.The ability to influence platelet activation was determined in drugs such as dexamethasone, ketarol and miloxicam, which were injected into test tubes before plasma reactivation. It was found that the drugs of these groups affect the metabolism of these cells and inhibit their ability to cause clot contraction. It was found that the strength of the negative effect on clot contraction in the steroid drug dexamethasone, which through intermediaries suppresses the activity of phospholipase-A2 and the nonsteroidal drug ketarol, which is the predominant inhibitor of cyclooxygenase of the first type, are similar. It was also found out that the drug meloxicam, which is a predominant inhibitor of cyclooxygenase of the second type, causes only a slight decrease in platelet clot contraction. The results obtained in the experiment indicate a direct positive relationship between the degree of clot contraction and the amount of thromboxane-A2, which is synthesized and released by activated platelets. It is known that the ability of platelets to accelerate and enhance regenerative processes is also directly related to their activation. Based on this, it is suggested that patients who have been prescribed plateletenriched plasma therapy should not use glucocorticoids and preparations with a high degree of selectivity to cyclooxygenase of the first type as anti-inflammatory drugs.
{"title":"The effect of nonsteroidal and steroid anti-inflammatory drugs on platelet activation IN VITRO","authors":"A. Bokarev, A. O. Minina, V. E. Gorokhov","doi":"10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.463","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of a study on the effect of steroid and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on platelets.The object of the study was plasma obtained from rat blood (n=10). Blood sampling (2.0 ml from each animal) was carried out from the tail vein into test tubes with sodium citrate. Cell elements were counted directly in blood and in platelet plasma using a MEK-6550 hematological analyzer.The ability to influence platelet activation was determined in drugs such as dexamethasone, ketarol and miloxicam, which were injected into test tubes before plasma reactivation. It was found that the drugs of these groups affect the metabolism of these cells and inhibit their ability to cause clot contraction. It was found that the strength of the negative effect on clot contraction in the steroid drug dexamethasone, which through intermediaries suppresses the activity of phospholipase-A2 and the nonsteroidal drug ketarol, which is the predominant inhibitor of cyclooxygenase of the first type, are similar. It was also found out that the drug meloxicam, which is a predominant inhibitor of cyclooxygenase of the second type, causes only a slight decrease in platelet clot contraction. The results obtained in the experiment indicate a direct positive relationship between the degree of clot contraction and the amount of thromboxane-A2, which is synthesized and released by activated platelets. It is known that the ability of platelets to accelerate and enhance regenerative processes is also directly related to their activation. Based on this, it is suggested that patients who have been prescribed plateletenriched plasma therapy should not use glucocorticoids and preparations with a high degree of selectivity to cyclooxygenase of the first type as anti-inflammatory drugs.","PeriodicalId":14419,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Medicine","volume":" 27","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138995126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-18DOI: 10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.515
T. Ushakova, T. N. Derezina, V. S. Chichilenko
Urolithiasis is a chronic disease of the urinary tract of a polyethological nature, accompanied by the formation of uroliths and sand in the kidneys and urinary tract, as well as signs of dysuria, pollakiuria, ischuria, urinary colic, periodic hematuria and crystalluria. The purpose of our research was to study the metabolism and functioning of the antioxidant system in cats with tripelphosphate urolithiasis. The results of our study of the metabolism and antioxidant system of sick animals indicated the development of disorders of redox regulation of cells in tripelphosphate erythrolithiasis in cats. A disorder of liver functional activity was detected (AST - 41.74±5.35 Units/l and 49.30±6.74 Units/L; ALT - Units/l and Units/L; ALKP - Units/L and Units/L; BILT - mmol/l and mmol/l; BILD - mmol/l and 1.62mmol/L; AAR – 0.49±0.03 and 0.54±0.02) and violation of cell redox regulation (MDA - 1.29±0.08 nmol/ml and 1.40±0.10 nmol/ml; SOD - 265.90±12.08 Units/ml and 280.05±10.43 Units/ml; coenzyme Q10 - 579.03±19.06 ng/ml and 505.42±23.10 ng/ml;8-OHdG - 0.15±0.01 ng/ml and 0.13±0.02ng/ml; ascorbic acid - 5.03±0.91 mcg/ml and 4.70±1.03 micrograms/ml; TAS - 1.25±0.07 mmol/l and 1.23±0.05 mmol/L; GTP - 6234.00±24.82 Units/g Hb and 6015.12±27.56units/g Hb) in cats with tripelphosphate urolithiasis. It was found that there is a direct close correlation between the level of liver transaminases and the activity of antioxidant enzymes, as well as between the level of circulating kidney biomarkers and the level of the main markers of oxidative stress in urolithiasis struvite type in cats, which allows us to expand the understanding of this disease and use these data in the implementation of therapeutic measures.
{"title":"Investigation of metabolism and functioning of the antioxidant system in cats with tripelphosphate urolithiasis","authors":"T. Ushakova, T. N. Derezina, V. S. Chichilenko","doi":"10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.515","url":null,"abstract":"Urolithiasis is a chronic disease of the urinary tract of a polyethological nature, accompanied by the formation of uroliths and sand in the kidneys and urinary tract, as well as signs of dysuria, pollakiuria, ischuria, urinary colic, periodic hematuria and crystalluria. The purpose of our research was to study the metabolism and functioning of the antioxidant system in cats with tripelphosphate urolithiasis. The results of our study of the metabolism and antioxidant system of sick animals indicated the development of disorders of redox regulation of cells in tripelphosphate erythrolithiasis in cats. A disorder of liver functional activity was detected (AST - 41.74±5.35 Units/l and 49.30±6.74 Units/L; ALT - Units/l and Units/L; ALKP - Units/L and Units/L; BILT - mmol/l and mmol/l; BILD - mmol/l and 1.62mmol/L; AAR – 0.49±0.03 and 0.54±0.02) and violation of cell redox regulation (MDA - 1.29±0.08 nmol/ml and 1.40±0.10 nmol/ml; SOD - 265.90±12.08 Units/ml and 280.05±10.43 Units/ml; coenzyme Q10 - 579.03±19.06 ng/ml and 505.42±23.10 ng/ml;8-OHdG - 0.15±0.01 ng/ml and 0.13±0.02ng/ml; ascorbic acid - 5.03±0.91 mcg/ml and 4.70±1.03 micrograms/ml; TAS - 1.25±0.07 mmol/l and 1.23±0.05 mmol/L; GTP - 6234.00±24.82 Units/g Hb and 6015.12±27.56units/g Hb) in cats with tripelphosphate urolithiasis. It was found that there is a direct close correlation between the level of liver transaminases and the activity of antioxidant enzymes, as well as between the level of circulating kidney biomarkers and the level of the main markers of oxidative stress in urolithiasis struvite type in cats, which allows us to expand the understanding of this disease and use these data in the implementation of therapeutic measures.","PeriodicalId":14419,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Medicine","volume":"61 S279","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138965316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-17DOI: 10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.447
S. Vasileva
The article discusses the results of a study of the milk productivity of cows in connection with the content of beta-hydroxybutyric acid in the blood during the new calving period. The studies were carried out on highly productive full-aged cows of the second and third lactation. The animals were divided into three groups according to the content of beta-hydroxybutyrate - up to 1.0 mmol/l; from 1.0 to 2.0 mmol/l and over 2.0 mmol/l. It has been established that an increase in the content of ketones in the blood is associated with hypoglycemia. Cows with increased levels of beta-hydroxybutyric acid at the beginning of lactation showed higher daily milk yields over a five-month period of observation. In the fourth and fifth months of lactation, the milk yield of these cows was higher than in groups 1 and 2 by 14.6-15.8% and 18.5-20.1%, respectively. In addition, the total yield of fat in this group is greater than in the first and second - by 12.8% and 10.7%, protein - by 9.7% and 11.2%, and lactose - by 8.5% and 13.5%, respectively. A calculation indicator was proposed - the lactation anabolism index, which is calculated using daily milk yield, mass fraction of milk protein and urea concentration. An increase in this index indicates the activation of anabolic reactions, a decrease indicates a surge in catabolic processes. An increase in the lactation anabolism index was found in cows of the third group at 4-5 months of lactation with a significant increase of 44.8-45.8% in comparison with groups 1 and 2. A high metabolic potential for further productive lactation was established in cows that had increased concentration of beta-hydroxybutyric acid in the new calving period.
{"title":"To study the anabolic aspects of lactation in cows in connection with the intensity of ketogenesis in the new body period","authors":"S. Vasileva","doi":"10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.447","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses the results of a study of the milk productivity of cows in connection with the content of beta-hydroxybutyric acid in the blood during the new calving period. The studies were carried out on highly productive full-aged cows of the second and third lactation. The animals were divided into three groups according to the content of beta-hydroxybutyrate - up to 1.0 mmol/l; from 1.0 to 2.0 mmol/l and over 2.0 mmol/l. It has been established that an increase in the content of ketones in the blood is associated with hypoglycemia. Cows with increased levels of beta-hydroxybutyric acid at the beginning of lactation showed higher daily milk yields over a five-month period of observation. In the fourth and fifth months of lactation, the milk yield of these cows was higher than in groups 1 and 2 by 14.6-15.8% and 18.5-20.1%, respectively. In addition, the total yield of fat in this group is greater than in the first and second - by 12.8% and 10.7%, protein - by 9.7% and 11.2%, and lactose - by 8.5% and 13.5%, respectively. A calculation indicator was proposed - the lactation anabolism index, which is calculated using daily milk yield, mass fraction of milk protein and urea concentration. An increase in this index indicates the activation of anabolic reactions, a decrease indicates a surge in catabolic processes. An increase in the lactation anabolism index was found in cows of the third group at 4-5 months of lactation with a significant increase of 44.8-45.8% in comparison with groups 1 and 2. A high metabolic potential for further productive lactation was established in cows that had increased concentration of beta-hydroxybutyric acid in the new calving period.","PeriodicalId":14419,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Medicine","volume":"5 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138966565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-17DOI: 10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.431
P. Parshin, G. Vostroilova, Yu. N. Brigadirov, I. Shaposhnikov, M. S. Zhukov, O. Manzhurina, I. S. Perepelkina, O. V. Yakimchuk
The doctrine of the normal microflora of the human and animal body is currently in the focus of attention of clinical microbiologists and a wide range of clinical specialists. It is known that the microflora of the vagina depends on many factors of the internal and external environment, therefore, it is now considered to be an ecosystem with a unique set of mechanisms that ensure its resistance to foreign microorganisms and support reproductive health. The aim of the study was to study changes in vaginal microbiocenosis in cows during different periods of pregnancy. The object of the study was clinically healthy cows (n=10) of a redmottled breed (holshitinized), and the subject of the study was cervical–vaginal mucus. On the 150-160, 210-220 and 260-265 days of pregnancy, mucus samples were taken from cows using sterile probe tampons for bacteriological studies. It was found that representatives of the normoflora, as well as conditionally pathogenic and pathogenic microflora were present in the vaginal secretions of animals of all periods of pregnancy. However, the total bacterial contamination of the genital tract in cows in the first half and second half of the third trimester of pregnancy was characterized by its decrease by 29.2 and 33.3%, respectively, relative to the data obtained in the second trimester. It should also be noted that by the second half of the third trimester of pregnancy, there is an increase in obligate normoflora due to lacto- and bifidobacteria by 27.1% and 4 times, respectively, with the predominance of the genus Lactobacillus in quantitative terms. Against this background, the amount of transient microflora decreased by 34.2-57.1% (P0.05).
{"title":"The microbial landscape of the genital tract of healthy cows with different gestation periods","authors":"P. Parshin, G. Vostroilova, Yu. N. Brigadirov, I. Shaposhnikov, M. S. Zhukov, O. Manzhurina, I. S. Perepelkina, O. V. Yakimchuk","doi":"10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.431","url":null,"abstract":"The doctrine of the normal microflora of the human and animal body is currently in the focus of attention of clinical microbiologists and a wide range of clinical specialists. It is known that the microflora of the vagina depends on many factors of the internal and external environment, therefore, it is now considered to be an ecosystem with a unique set of mechanisms that ensure its resistance to foreign microorganisms and support reproductive health. The aim of the study was to study changes in vaginal microbiocenosis in cows during different periods of pregnancy. The object of the study was clinically healthy cows (n=10) of a redmottled breed (holshitinized), and the subject of the study was cervical–vaginal mucus. On the 150-160, 210-220 and 260-265 days of pregnancy, mucus samples were taken from cows using sterile probe tampons for bacteriological studies. It was found that representatives of the normoflora, as well as conditionally pathogenic and pathogenic microflora were present in the vaginal secretions of animals of all periods of pregnancy. However, the total bacterial contamination of the genital tract in cows in the first half and second half of the third trimester of pregnancy was characterized by its decrease by 29.2 and 33.3%, respectively, relative to the data obtained in the second trimester. It should also be noted that by the second half of the third trimester of pregnancy, there is an increase in obligate normoflora due to lacto- and bifidobacteria by 27.1% and 4 times, respectively, with the predominance of the genus Lactobacillus in quantitative terms. Against this background, the amount of transient microflora decreased by 34.2-57.1% (P0.05).","PeriodicalId":14419,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Medicine","volume":"6 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138966358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-17DOI: 10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.421
E. Korochkina, A. V. Trifonova, E. Finageev, D. Glavatskaya, V. Pushkina
The purpose of this research is to study the influence of mesenchymal stem cells from adipose tissue and bone marrow of goats on the quality parameters of their sperm. A complex evaluation of sperm quality (volume, concentration, morphology, motility) of Saanen and Czech goats (n=10) at the age of 1-2.5 years was carried out according to generally accepted methods and protocols. Adipose tissue (AT) and bone marrow (BM) were obtained after the slaughter of goats (n=6) on a peasant farm in the Volkhov district of the Leningrad region. After processing the obtained samples, mesenchymal stem cells obtained from adipose tissue and bone marrow of goats were isolated, accumulated and cryopreserved. Three groups of samples of 10 each were formed: control (spermatozoa 7x1010 cells/ml + PBS buffer 100 μl, pH – 7.4), first experimental (spermatozoa 7x1010 cells/ml + MSCs 2x1010 cells/ml, pH – 7.2), the second was experimental (sperm 7x1010 cells/ml + BM MSCs 2x108 cells/ml, pH – 7.2) and a four-stage assessment of sperm quality was carried out: after incubation of sperm with mesenchymal stem cells at a temperature of 38℃ for 0, 1, 2 and 3 hours. Based on the results obtained, the working protocol for the use of mesenchymal stem cells from adipose tissue and bone marrow for the sperm of breeding goats is the concentration of MSCs - 2x108 cells/ml and the concentration of goat spermatozoa - 7x1010 cells/ml. The studies conducted have established the positive effect of mesenchymal stem cells from the adipose tissue and bone marrow of goats on the quality indicators of their sperm. At the same time, spermatozoa remain viable during three-hour incubation with a progression of movements equal to 51.5±8.46 - 51.8±5.2% and a number of morphologically normal sperm equal to 50.40±2.21 - 51.10±3, 14% (3 hours after incubation, MSCs from adipose tissue and bone marrow, respectively).
{"title":"The effect of mesenchymal stem cells from the adipose tissue and bone marrow of goats on the quality of their sperm cells","authors":"E. Korochkina, A. V. Trifonova, E. Finageev, D. Glavatskaya, V. Pushkina","doi":"10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.421","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this research is to study the influence of mesenchymal stem cells from adipose tissue and bone marrow of goats on the quality parameters of their sperm. A complex evaluation of sperm quality (volume, concentration, morphology, motility) of Saanen and Czech goats (n=10) at the age of 1-2.5 years was carried out according to generally accepted methods and protocols. Adipose tissue (AT) and bone marrow (BM) were obtained after the slaughter of goats (n=6) on a peasant farm in the Volkhov district of the Leningrad region. After processing the obtained samples, mesenchymal stem cells obtained from adipose tissue and bone marrow of goats were isolated, accumulated and cryopreserved. Three groups of samples of 10 each were formed: control (spermatozoa 7x1010 cells/ml + PBS buffer 100 μl, pH – 7.4), first experimental (spermatozoa 7x1010 cells/ml + MSCs 2x1010 cells/ml, pH – 7.2), the second was experimental (sperm 7x1010 cells/ml + BM MSCs 2x108 cells/ml, pH – 7.2) and a four-stage assessment of sperm quality was carried out: after incubation of sperm with mesenchymal stem cells at a temperature of 38℃ for 0, 1, 2 and 3 hours. Based on the results obtained, the working protocol for the use of mesenchymal stem cells from adipose tissue and bone marrow for the sperm of breeding goats is the concentration of MSCs - 2x108 cells/ml and the concentration of goat spermatozoa - 7x1010 cells/ml. The studies conducted have established the positive effect of mesenchymal stem cells from the adipose tissue and bone marrow of goats on the quality indicators of their sperm. At the same time, spermatozoa remain viable during three-hour incubation with a progression of movements equal to 51.5±8.46 - 51.8±5.2% and a number of morphologically normal sperm equal to 50.40±2.21 - 51.10±3, 14% (3 hours after incubation, MSCs from adipose tissue and bone marrow, respectively).","PeriodicalId":14419,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Medicine","volume":"6 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138966357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-17DOI: 10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.438
A. Krutikova, E. Nikitkina, G. V. Shiriaev, G. K. Peglivanian, A. A. Musidray, G. S. Nikitin
Reindeer husbandry is the leading branch of agriculture for the regions of the Far North. Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) remains poorly studied from the point of view of genetics and reproduction, which hinders the intensification of development of the industry. Research is being actively conduct in the field of genetics of the productive qualities of reindeer, but the formation and functioning of its reproductive system has been little study. Hormonal regulation of the reproductive process and the formation of hormonal status at key stages of the reproductive cycle is a significant aspect of animal reproduction. Reindeer are characterized by a pronounced seasonality of reproduction, and the study of hormonal regulation of the reproductive cycle is the main aspect of the further use of assisted reproductive technologies. The work is devoted to the analysis of the level of anti-Mullerian hormone in females during the breeding season. The studies were carried out on reindeer farms of the MAU “Directorate of the Territory of Traditional Natural Resources Management of Soyots”, Buryatia, (female, n=29). The dependence of the concentration of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), which is a generally accepted indicator of the female ovarian reserve, on the concentration of sex hormones (progesterone, estradiol, testosterone and luteinizing hormone) in the blood serum of females was study. Hormone levels were determined by enzyme immunoassay. A higher content of sex hormones - testosterone, estradiol, progesterone and luteinizing hormone was revealed in the group of women with an AMH concentration of >1 ng/ml than in the group of women with an AMH concentration of <1 ng/ml. The significance of the differences in progesterone was p<0.05, and in estradiol – p<0.001. A low concentration of AMH (<1 ng/ml), characterizing a reduced ovarian reserve of female reindeer, corresponds to a reduced concentration of sex hormones that support reproductive function, and, conversely, a high concentration of AMH (>1 ng/ml), and, accordingly, a high ovarian reserve the reserve corresponds to an increased concentration of sex hormones - testosterone, estradiol, progesterone and luteinizing hormone.
{"title":"The concentration of anti-muller hormone in the blood serum of reindeer depends on the level of sex hormones","authors":"A. Krutikova, E. Nikitkina, G. V. Shiriaev, G. K. Peglivanian, A. A. Musidray, G. S. Nikitin","doi":"10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.438","url":null,"abstract":"Reindeer husbandry is the leading branch of agriculture for the regions of the Far North. Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) remains poorly studied from the point of view of genetics and reproduction, which hinders the intensification of development of the industry. Research is being actively conduct in the field of genetics of the productive qualities of reindeer, but the formation and functioning of its reproductive system has been little study. Hormonal regulation of the reproductive process and the formation of hormonal status at key stages of the reproductive cycle is a significant aspect of animal reproduction. Reindeer are characterized by a pronounced seasonality of reproduction, and the study of hormonal regulation of the reproductive cycle is the main aspect of the further use of assisted reproductive technologies. The work is devoted to the analysis of the level of anti-Mullerian hormone in females during the breeding season. The studies were carried out on reindeer farms of the MAU “Directorate of the Territory of Traditional Natural Resources Management of Soyots”, Buryatia, (female, n=29). The dependence of the concentration of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), which is a generally accepted indicator of the female ovarian reserve, on the concentration of sex hormones (progesterone, estradiol, testosterone and luteinizing hormone) in the blood serum of females was study. Hormone levels were determined by enzyme immunoassay. A higher content of sex hormones - testosterone, estradiol, progesterone and luteinizing hormone was revealed in the group of women with an AMH concentration of >1 ng/ml than in the group of women with an AMH concentration of <1 ng/ml. The significance of the differences in progesterone was p<0.05, and in estradiol – p<0.001. A low concentration of AMH (<1 ng/ml), characterizing a reduced ovarian reserve of female reindeer, corresponds to a reduced concentration of sex hormones that support reproductive function, and, conversely, a high concentration of AMH (>1 ng/ml), and, accordingly, a high ovarian reserve the reserve corresponds to an increased concentration of sex hormones - testosterone, estradiol, progesterone and luteinizing hormone.","PeriodicalId":14419,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Medicine","volume":"345 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138966766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-17DOI: 10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.413
E. Nikitkina
One of the important factors affecting the reproductive function is the genotype of the animal. The method of genomic selection is based on the use of polymorphic single nucleotide substitutions (SNP) as markers for determining the value of the genotype of an animal or plant. The formation and functioning of the reproductive system of animals occurs as a result of the coordinated interaction of a wide range of genes. The search for genomic associations of GWAS (Genome-Wide Association Studies) with signs of fertility will allow further selection of animals based on these indicators at the genomic level. Sperm was obtained with the help of mares in hunting and on a phantom using an artificial Hannover vagina (Minitube, Germany). The sperm of each stallion was collected at least three times. The semen quality of 96 stallions of different breeds (Arabian, Akhal-Teke, Trakenen, thoroughbred horse, Oryol trotter, French trotter, Soviet heavy horse, Shetland pony, Welsh pony, horses of different breeds) was analyzed. High variability of sperm quality indicators was revealed. For example, the concentration of sperm in the ejaculate varied from 59 to 514 million /ml, progressive mobility from 20 to 87%, and the number of cells without damage from 21.6 to 95.6%. Such variability of the studied features makes it possible to assume that their formation in the process of ontogenesis occurs under the influence of genetic factors. The GWAS analysis of ejaculate volume, concentration and motility of stallion sperm revealed potential candidate genes associated with these indicators. The associations identified in our study are promising candidates for further identification of the biological mechanisms underlying the quality of stallion sperm.
{"title":"The genetic basis of the sperm quality of stallions","authors":"E. Nikitkina","doi":"10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.413","url":null,"abstract":"One of the important factors affecting the reproductive function is the genotype of the animal. The method of genomic selection is based on the use of polymorphic single nucleotide substitutions (SNP) as markers for determining the value of the genotype of an animal or plant. The formation and functioning of the reproductive system of animals occurs as a result of the coordinated interaction of a wide range of genes. The search for genomic associations of GWAS (Genome-Wide Association Studies) with signs of fertility will allow further selection of animals based on these indicators at the genomic level. Sperm was obtained with the help of mares in hunting and on a phantom using an artificial Hannover vagina (Minitube, Germany). The sperm of each stallion was collected at least three times. The semen quality of 96 stallions of different breeds (Arabian, Akhal-Teke, Trakenen, thoroughbred horse, Oryol trotter, French trotter, Soviet heavy horse, Shetland pony, Welsh pony, horses of different breeds) was analyzed. High variability of sperm quality indicators was revealed. For example, the concentration of sperm in the ejaculate varied from 59 to 514 million /ml, progressive mobility from 20 to 87%, and the number of cells without damage from 21.6 to 95.6%. Such variability of the studied features makes it possible to assume that their formation in the process of ontogenesis occurs under the influence of genetic factors. The GWAS analysis of ejaculate volume, concentration and motility of stallion sperm revealed potential candidate genes associated with these indicators. The associations identified in our study are promising candidates for further identification of the biological mechanisms underlying the quality of stallion sperm.","PeriodicalId":14419,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Medicine","volume":"345 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138966767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-17DOI: 10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.403
V. Avdeenko, S. A. Makavchik, D. I. Safronov, K. A. Moiseeva
In modern high-tech dairy enterprises, the problem of perinatal diseases in highly productive dairy cattle is acute. The current study presents the distribution of extracellular matrix in cows during physiological pregnancy ending in spontaneous labor (FB/SR) and complicated pregnancy with symptoms of preeclampsia/eclampsia ending in pathological labor (OB/PR) using histological, histochemical (HC) and immunohistochemical (IHC) research methods. Biopsy material of placentas was obtained from 10 cows during labor: from 5 cows with FB/SR and from 5 cows with OB/PR. Samples of placentas from cows with FB/SR and OB/PR were subjected to standard histological procedures. Paraffin sections of the placenta, 5 µm thick, were mounted on glasses treated with poly-L-lysine (Menzel). Using IHC studies, the immunolocalization of the Ki-67 biomarker was studied. A histochemical study in the placentas of cows with FB/SR revealed the presence of a large number of small capillaries both in the villi of the cotyledons and in the caruncular crypts, as well as an equilibrium ratio of mesenchymal and epithelial structures. The reaction to vimentin showed degradation of fibroblasts. In the lumen of the crypts, only structureless masses and a small number of macrophagelike cells were recorded. In addition, in the central part of the unchanged villi, a sharp decrease in the number of small capillaries was established, as well as a reduction in the terminal chorionic villi and a decrease in the vascularization of the remaining villi. Immunolocalization of the content of intermediate biomarkers showed the content of a large amount of Ki-67 in the cells of the crypt lining. During pregnancy OB/PR, a decrease in the vascularization of chorionic villi in the cotyledons and degradation of cytokeratin filaments involved in the formation of cellular contacts between the cytotrophoblasts of the chorionic villi of the cotyledons of the fetal part of the placenta and the epithelial cells of the crypts of the caruncles of the maternal part of the placenta have been demonstrated, which will make it possible in the future to develop an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) as a rapid – test for diagnosing reproductive pathologies in dairy cattle. Pronounced expression of the Ki-67 protein was found in the cells lining the crypts of the caruncles, as well as in the cytoplasmic membrane of the villous cytotrophoblasts. In the placenta of cows whose pregnancy and childbirth were complicated by pathology, the proliferative activity of the cells lining the uterine crypts remained at a physiological level, while individual chorionic villi were completely reduced, and in those that remained, the Ki-67 expression index was 36.94%.
{"title":"Laboratory methods for determining the marker of proliferative activity of Ki-67 in the placenta of cows in complicated pregnancy and pathological childbirth","authors":"V. Avdeenko, S. A. Makavchik, D. I. Safronov, K. A. Moiseeva","doi":"10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.403","url":null,"abstract":"In modern high-tech dairy enterprises, the problem of perinatal diseases in highly productive dairy cattle is acute. The current study presents the distribution of extracellular matrix in cows during physiological pregnancy ending in spontaneous labor (FB/SR) and complicated pregnancy with symptoms of preeclampsia/eclampsia ending in pathological labor (OB/PR) using histological, histochemical (HC) and immunohistochemical (IHC) research methods. Biopsy material of placentas was obtained from 10 cows during labor: from 5 cows with FB/SR and from 5 cows with OB/PR. Samples of placentas from cows with FB/SR and OB/PR were subjected to standard histological procedures. Paraffin sections of the placenta, 5 µm thick, were mounted on glasses treated with poly-L-lysine (Menzel). Using IHC studies, the immunolocalization of the Ki-67 biomarker was studied. A histochemical study in the placentas of cows with FB/SR revealed the presence of a large number of small capillaries both in the villi of the cotyledons and in the caruncular crypts, as well as an equilibrium ratio of mesenchymal and epithelial structures. The reaction to vimentin showed degradation of fibroblasts. In the lumen of the crypts, only structureless masses and a small number of macrophagelike cells were recorded. In addition, in the central part of the unchanged villi, a sharp decrease in the number of small capillaries was established, as well as a reduction in the terminal chorionic villi and a decrease in the vascularization of the remaining villi. Immunolocalization of the content of intermediate biomarkers showed the content of a large amount of Ki-67 in the cells of the crypt lining. During pregnancy OB/PR, a decrease in the vascularization of chorionic villi in the cotyledons and degradation of cytokeratin filaments involved in the formation of cellular contacts between the cytotrophoblasts of the chorionic villi of the cotyledons of the fetal part of the placenta and the epithelial cells of the crypts of the caruncles of the maternal part of the placenta have been demonstrated, which will make it possible in the future to develop an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) as a rapid – test for diagnosing reproductive pathologies in dairy cattle. Pronounced expression of the Ki-67 protein was found in the cells lining the crypts of the caruncles, as well as in the cytoplasmic membrane of the villous cytotrophoblasts. In the placenta of cows whose pregnancy and childbirth were complicated by pathology, the proliferative activity of the cells lining the uterine crypts remained at a physiological level, while individual chorionic villi were completely reduced, and in those that remained, the Ki-67 expression index was 36.94%.","PeriodicalId":14419,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Medicine","volume":"29 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138966101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-16DOI: 10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.335
T. S. Golovchenko, V. V. Lemeshenko, T. P. Makalish
The morphofunctional status of the digestive apparatus, including the small intestine, is decisive in the implementation of life-supporting functions both at the organ and at the organizational level, which is due not only to its participation directly in digestion, but also in providing immunogenesis with tissue components of the intestinal wall. However, in the scientific literature, the structure of the intestinal wall in newborn quails is not described fully enough, there are no comparative data on the morphology of the small intestine within the group of breeds belonging to the meat direction. The purpose of the study: to establish the features of the structure of the intestinal wall in diurnal quails of meat breeds. The breed features of the morphology of the small intestine of diurnal quails of the meat breeds Pharaoh, Texas and Japanese by n=4 were studied using a set of morphological techniques. It was found that the length and width of the villi prevail in the diurnal quails of the Japanese breed, as well as the number of goblet cells in the duodenum and jejunum compared with those of the Pharaoh and Texas quails, while the smallest values of the length and width of the villi, as well as the number of goblet cells, were revealed in the Pharaoh quails. The exception was the thickness of the serous membrane of the jejunum, which has the highest index in daily quails of the Pharaoh breed, and the lowest in quails of the Texas breed.
{"title":"Morphological features of the wall of the small intestine of diurnal quails of meat breeds","authors":"T. S. Golovchenko, V. V. Lemeshenko, T. P. Makalish","doi":"10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.335","url":null,"abstract":"The morphofunctional status of the digestive apparatus, including the small intestine, is decisive in the implementation of life-supporting functions both at the organ and at the organizational level, which is due not only to its participation directly in digestion, but also in providing immunogenesis with tissue components of the intestinal wall. However, in the scientific literature, the structure of the intestinal wall in newborn quails is not described fully enough, there are no comparative data on the morphology of the small intestine within the group of breeds belonging to the meat direction. The purpose of the study: to establish the features of the structure of the intestinal wall in diurnal quails of meat breeds. The breed features of the morphology of the small intestine of diurnal quails of the meat breeds Pharaoh, Texas and Japanese by n=4 were studied using a set of morphological techniques. It was found that the length and width of the villi prevail in the diurnal quails of the Japanese breed, as well as the number of goblet cells in the duodenum and jejunum compared with those of the Pharaoh and Texas quails, while the smallest values of the length and width of the villi, as well as the number of goblet cells, were revealed in the Pharaoh quails. The exception was the thickness of the serous membrane of the jejunum, which has the highest index in daily quails of the Pharaoh breed, and the lowest in quails of the Texas breed.","PeriodicalId":14419,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Veterinary Medicine","volume":"65 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138967651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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