A. Mehreen, S. Kamal, Sevinc Musayeva, M. Qai̇sar, Sumia Urai̇nab, Asad Ullah
Background: The plant Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng.native to Pakistan and India and a part of the Rutaceae family, plays a vital role in the Indian Ayurvedic medicine system. Studies have shown that this plant's bark, roots, and leaves contain many carbazole alkaloids. These alkaloids are known to have substantial therapeutic properties. Methods: The crushed and powdered organs of M. koenigii were extracted with several solvents (acetone, chloroform, and methanol). Then, using column chromatography, a dull brown oily substance, MK- 1 (1.05 g), was obtained with chloroform and methanol (7:3). Result We have successfully isolated a new carbazole alkaloid, 3-geranyl 8-hydroxy 6, 7-di methoxy 3’, 3’-dimethyl 1, 2-pyranocarbazole, from the seeds of M. koenigii. The structure was further elucidated by cross-referencing our NMR, UV, IR, and MS data with that found in the published literature. Conclusion: Comparing the previously published literature data clearly explained that this alkaloid is new to M. koenigii.
{"title":"Novel carbazole alkaloid from Murraya koenigii (l.) Spreng","authors":"A. Mehreen, S. Kamal, Sevinc Musayeva, M. Qai̇sar, Sumia Urai̇nab, Asad Ullah","doi":"10.21448/ijsm.1193419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21448/ijsm.1193419","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The plant Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng.native to Pakistan and India and a part of the Rutaceae family, plays a vital role in the Indian Ayurvedic medicine system. Studies have shown that this plant's bark, roots, and leaves contain many carbazole alkaloids. These alkaloids are known to have substantial therapeutic properties.\u0000Methods: \u0000The crushed and powdered organs of M. koenigii were extracted with several solvents (acetone, chloroform, and methanol). Then, using column chromatography, a dull brown oily substance, MK- 1 (1.05 g), was obtained with chloroform and methanol (7:3). \u0000Result\u0000We have successfully isolated a new carbazole alkaloid, 3-geranyl 8-hydroxy 6, 7-di methoxy 3’, 3’-dimethyl 1, 2-pyranocarbazole, from the seeds of M. koenigii. The structure was further elucidated by cross-referencing our NMR, UV, IR, and MS data with that found in the published literature.\u0000Conclusion:\u0000Comparing the previously published literature data clearly explained that this alkaloid is new to M. koenigii.","PeriodicalId":14437,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Secondary Metabolite","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47893948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Grayanotoxins (GTXs) are natural products and are mostly found in plants of the Ericaceae family, especially in the Rhododendron. With their ability to bind to voltage-gated sodium channels, they keep these channels constantly active and cause tissue damage. However, despite this feature, the use of Rhododendron leaves or its secondary products as an alternative product is especially common in Turkey. This study aims to evaluate the possible dose-related effects of GTX-III in ischemia-induced in vitro cell models. Within the scope of the study, an ischemia model was established in two different cell lines (H9c2 and Cos-7) and treated with various concentrations of GTX-III. In this context, cell viability, cytotoxicity, apoptosis and necrosis were examined. In the results of MTT, a significant decrease (+p < 0.05) in cell viability was observed in all GTX-III concentrations in H9c2 cells compared to the control, while a significant difference (+p < 0.05) was observed in Cos-7 cells, especially at the 24th hour. LDH cytotoxicity was increased in a dose-dependent manner in both cell models. It was concluded that GTX-III caused apoptosis, and reduced cell viability in ischemia models; however, promoted cell proliferation in healthy cells. Based on the literature review, this study is the first to document the cytotoxic properties and apoptotic potential of GTX-III in an in vitro cell culture ischemia model. Our findings support the usage of GTX-III, however it should be remembered that the dose needs to be verified before being used medically.
{"title":"Effects of Grayanotoxin-III on different cell lines: in vitro ischemia model","authors":"Esin Akbay Çetin, Ç. Özenirler","doi":"10.21448/ijsm.1212761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21448/ijsm.1212761","url":null,"abstract":"Grayanotoxins (GTXs) are natural products and are mostly found in plants of the Ericaceae family, especially in the Rhododendron. With their ability to bind to voltage-gated sodium channels, they keep these channels constantly active and cause tissue damage. However, despite this feature, the use of Rhododendron leaves or its secondary products as an alternative product is especially common in Turkey. This study aims to evaluate the possible dose-related effects of GTX-III in ischemia-induced in vitro cell models. Within the scope of the study, an ischemia model was established in two different cell lines (H9c2 and Cos-7) and treated with various concentrations of GTX-III. In this context, cell viability, cytotoxicity, apoptosis and necrosis were examined. In the results of MTT, a significant decrease (+p < 0.05) in cell viability was observed in all GTX-III concentrations in H9c2 cells compared to the control, while a significant difference (+p < 0.05) was observed in Cos-7 cells, especially at the 24th hour. LDH cytotoxicity was increased in a dose-dependent manner in both cell models. It was concluded that GTX-III caused apoptosis, and reduced cell viability in ischemia models; however, promoted cell proliferation in healthy cells. Based on the literature review, this study is the first to document the cytotoxic properties and apoptotic potential of GTX-III in an in vitro cell culture ischemia model. Our findings support the usage of GTX-III, however it should be remembered that the dose needs to be verified before being used medically.","PeriodicalId":14437,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Secondary Metabolite","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44055372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yazid KHALED KHODJA, M. Bachir-bey, M. Belmouhoub, Rachid Ladjouzi̇, F. Dahmoune, B. Khettal
Laurus nobilis is native to the southern Mediterranean region. It is a small tree from the Lauraceae family. The leaves of L. nobilis are the most exploited part of the plant due not only to the high produced quantity but to the large benefits and extensive use in different fields including culinary, cosmetic, therapeutic, and pharmacologic. The various beneficial health properties attributed to bay leaves are related to the presence of various bioactive compounds. Chemically, they contain numerous essential elements, some vitamins, and many secondary metabolites such as essential oils (cineole, linalool, and eugenol), phenolic compounds, particularly phenolic acids (ferulic, protocatechuic, and caffeic acids, etc.) and flavonoids (such as catechin, kaempferol, apigenin, quercetin, and their derivatives), and alkaloids (noraporphins and aporphins). Laurel leaves are not only used to flavor dishes, but present several beneficial properties that justified their traditional use against numerous illnesses, particularly for rheumatism, indigestion, and diarrhea. Bay leaves are an essential component of several industrial applications including agrifoods, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. Due to the presence of cited chemical constituents in bay leaves, various biological and pharmacological properties have been reported such as antioxidant, antibacterial, fungicidal, antiviral, insecticidal, wound healing, antimutagen, anticonvulsant, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and immunostimulatory activities. This review provides an overview of L. nobilis leaves, beginning with botanical aspects, including its preparation and composition, followed by a discussion about the most abundant bioactive compounds, and finally the traditional uses and therapeutic effects.
{"title":"The botanical study, phytochemical composition, and biological activities of Laurus nobilis L. leaves: A review","authors":"Yazid KHALED KHODJA, M. Bachir-bey, M. Belmouhoub, Rachid Ladjouzi̇, F. Dahmoune, B. Khettal","doi":"10.21448/ijsm.1171836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21448/ijsm.1171836","url":null,"abstract":"Laurus nobilis is native to the southern Mediterranean region. It is a small tree from the Lauraceae family. The leaves of L. nobilis are the most exploited part of the plant due not only to the high produced quantity but to the large benefits and extensive use in different fields including culinary, cosmetic, therapeutic, and pharmacologic. The various beneficial health properties attributed to bay leaves are related to the presence of various bioactive compounds. Chemically, they contain numerous essential elements, some vitamins, and many secondary metabolites such as essential oils (cineole, linalool, and eugenol), phenolic compounds, particularly phenolic acids (ferulic, protocatechuic, and caffeic acids, etc.) and flavonoids (such as catechin, kaempferol, apigenin, quercetin, and their derivatives), and alkaloids (noraporphins and aporphins). Laurel leaves are not only used to flavor dishes, but present several beneficial properties that justified their traditional use against numerous illnesses, particularly for rheumatism, indigestion, and diarrhea. Bay leaves are an essential component of several industrial applications including agrifoods, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. Due to the presence of cited chemical constituents in bay leaves, various biological and pharmacological properties have been reported such as antioxidant, antibacterial, fungicidal, antiviral, insecticidal, wound healing, antimutagen, anticonvulsant, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and immunostimulatory activities. This review provides an overview of L. nobilis leaves, beginning with botanical aspects, including its preparation and composition, followed by a discussion about the most abundant bioactive compounds, and finally the traditional uses and therapeutic effects.","PeriodicalId":14437,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Secondary Metabolite","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42362591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Murti, D. Jain, B. Semwal, Sonia Singh, Pracheta Janmeda, P. Bhaskar
Essential oils are concentrated liquids of intricate combinations of volatile substances, extracted from various plant parts. Several bioactive substances with antibacterial and antioxidant activities are abundant in essential oils. Some essential oils have also been employed in medicine. Due to the risk associated with employing synthetic preservatives, the use of essential oils as natural additives for extending the shelf life of food products has also drawn considerable attention. They are used in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries for their functional properties. There are various methods for extraction, but both the quality and the percentage yield of essential oil never remain the same. So, innovative and non-conventional techniques of essential oils extraction from medicinal plants were evoled to get quantitative and qualitative yield. In the present article, we searched and reviewed innovative techniques used for the extraction of essential oils from medicinal and aromatic plants through electronic searches of PubMed, Medline, Wiley, Scopus, and Google Scholar. For the extraction of essential oils, several innovative/non-conventional techniques have been reported in literature. Extraction of essential oil by using innovative techniques retards the risk of losing the essential components of plants, maintains the quality, reduces chemical risk, extraction time, acts eco-friendly, and increases the percentage yield of the essential oils. This paper presents the success story of innovative extraction methods of essential oils in accordance with sustainable development and environmental protection.
{"title":"Innovative methods for extraction of essential oils from medicinal plants","authors":"Y. Murti, D. Jain, B. Semwal, Sonia Singh, Pracheta Janmeda, P. Bhaskar","doi":"10.21448/ijsm.1121860","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21448/ijsm.1121860","url":null,"abstract":"Essential oils are concentrated liquids of intricate combinations of volatile substances, extracted from various plant parts. Several bioactive substances with antibacterial and antioxidant activities are abundant in essential oils. Some essential oils have also been employed in medicine. Due to the risk associated with employing synthetic preservatives, the use of essential oils as natural additives for extending the shelf life of food products has also drawn considerable attention. They are used in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries for their functional properties. There are various methods for extraction, but both the quality and the percentage yield of essential oil never remain the same. So, innovative and non-conventional techniques of essential oils extraction from medicinal plants were evoled to get quantitative and qualitative yield. In the present article, we searched and reviewed innovative techniques used for the extraction of essential oils from medicinal and aromatic plants through electronic searches of PubMed, Medline, Wiley, Scopus, and Google Scholar. For the extraction of essential oils, several innovative/non-conventional techniques have been reported in literature. Extraction of essential oil by using innovative techniques retards the risk of losing the essential components of plants, maintains the quality, reduces chemical risk, extraction time, acts eco-friendly, and increases the percentage yield of the essential oils. This paper presents the success story of innovative extraction methods of essential oils in accordance with sustainable development and environmental protection.","PeriodicalId":14437,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Secondary Metabolite","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45201264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, the in vitro antioxidant and cytotoxic effects of water and methanol extracts obtained from the green fruit mesocarp of Aesculus hippocastanum L. (Hippocastanaceae) were investigated. Phytochemical content of the methanol extract and the water extract were determined by qualitative methods; antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH free radical scavenging test, and total antioxidant capacity was determined by phosphomolybdate test. The effects of the extracts on proliferation and cell viability of BJ normal human foreskin fibroblasts were also evaluated by the WST-8 cell viability test. Qualitative phytochemical screening results showed that the methanol extract contains phenols, tannins, flavonoids, and saponins, but no alkaloids and anthraquinones. On the other hand, phenols, flavonoids, anthraquinone, and saponins were found in the water extract, tannins and alkaloids could not be detected. In addition, an increase in antioxidant activity was also observed with each increasing concentration of methanol and water extract. When the antioxidant capacity and free radical scavenging activity of methanol and water extracts were compared, it was determined that the methanol extract was more effective than that the water extract. The WST-8 trial results showed that both water and methanol extracts obtained from the green fruit mesocarp of A. hippocastanum did not have cytotoxic effects on BJ cells, on the contrary, treatment concentrations of 10, 20 and, 30 µgmL-1 increased cell proliferation significantly at the 24-hour work.
{"title":"Phytochemical screening and in vitro assessments of antioxidant and cytotoxic potentials of extracts from Aesculus hippocastanum L. green fruit mesocarps","authors":"Tülay Aşkın Çelik, Özlem Sultan Aslantürk","doi":"10.21448/ijsm.1139025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21448/ijsm.1139025","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the in vitro antioxidant and cytotoxic effects of water and methanol extracts obtained from the green fruit mesocarp of Aesculus hippocastanum L. (Hippocastanaceae) were investigated. Phytochemical content of the methanol extract and the water extract were determined by qualitative methods; antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH free radical scavenging test, and total antioxidant capacity was determined by phosphomolybdate test. The effects of the extracts on proliferation and cell viability of BJ normal human foreskin fibroblasts were also evaluated by the WST-8 cell viability test. \u0000Qualitative phytochemical screening results showed that the methanol extract contains phenols, tannins, flavonoids, and saponins, but no alkaloids and anthraquinones. On the other hand, phenols, flavonoids, anthraquinone, and saponins were found in the water extract, tannins and alkaloids could not be detected. \u0000In addition, an increase in antioxidant activity was also observed with each increasing concentration of methanol and water extract. When the antioxidant capacity and free radical scavenging activity of methanol and water extracts were compared, it was determined that the methanol extract was more effective than that the water extract. The WST-8 trial results showed that both water and methanol extracts obtained from the green fruit mesocarp of A. hippocastanum did not have cytotoxic effects on BJ cells, on the contrary, treatment concentrations of 10, 20 and, 30 µgmL-1 increased cell proliferation significantly at the 24-hour work.","PeriodicalId":14437,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Secondary Metabolite","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41847881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cupressus sempervirens L. which is largely used in traditional medicine was collected from the Florya Atatürk Forest (İstanbul, Türkiye) to investigate the phytochemical profiling and antioxidant capacity of the seeds and cones. The antioxidant activities of hexane and methanol extracts of C. sempervirens L. were assessed in vitro using five complementary methods, including the β-carotene-linoleic acid assay for lipid peroxidation activity, the DPPH•, ABTS• assays for radical-scavenging activity, the CUPRAC method, and metal chelating methods. In addition, the phenolic profiling of the methanol extracts of the seeds and cones was analyzed using LC-HR/MS, for the first time. According to the findings, the antioxidant activity of the methanol extract obtained from seeds appears to be higher than that of cones in all assays. The methanol extracts of the seeds showed higher activity with an IC50: 24.081.06, IC50: 6.080.19, and A0.5: 18.600.63 µg/mL in the DPPH•, ABTS•, and CUPRAC assays, respectively than the BHA, and α-TOC. Also, the methanol extract of the cones showed strong activity with an IC50: 38.870.03 and A0.5:103.534.33 in ABTS• scavenging and CUPRAC assays. Moreover, twenty-eight phenolics were determined in the seeds while twenty-one phenolics were determined in the cones of the C. sempervirens using LC-HR/MS. The amounts of fumaric acid, vanilic acid, (-)-epicatechin, quercetin, hispidulin 7-glucoside, hyperoside, and quercitrin in the seeds are higher than those in the cones. Therefore, the results suggested that there was a strong relationship between the antioxidant activities of the extracts and their phenolic ingredients.
{"title":"Phytochemical profiling of the different organs of Cupressus sempervirens L. by LC-HR/MS","authors":"E. Erol","doi":"10.21448/ijsm.1231833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21448/ijsm.1231833","url":null,"abstract":"Cupressus sempervirens L. which is largely used in traditional medicine was collected from the Florya Atatürk Forest (İstanbul, Türkiye) to investigate the phytochemical profiling and antioxidant capacity of the seeds and cones. The antioxidant activities of hexane and methanol extracts of C. sempervirens L. were assessed in vitro using five complementary methods, including the β-carotene-linoleic acid assay for lipid peroxidation activity, the DPPH•, ABTS• assays for radical-scavenging activity, the CUPRAC method, and metal chelating methods. In addition, the phenolic profiling of the methanol extracts of the seeds and cones was analyzed using LC-HR/MS, for the first time. According to the findings, the antioxidant activity of the methanol extract obtained from seeds appears to be higher than that of cones in all assays. The methanol extracts of the seeds showed higher activity with an IC50: 24.081.06, IC50: 6.080.19, and A0.5: 18.600.63 µg/mL in the DPPH•, ABTS•, and CUPRAC assays, respectively than the BHA, and α-TOC. Also, the methanol extract of the cones showed strong activity with an IC50: 38.870.03 and A0.5:103.534.33 in ABTS• scavenging and CUPRAC assays. Moreover, twenty-eight phenolics were determined in the seeds while twenty-one phenolics were determined in the cones of the C. sempervirens using LC-HR/MS. The amounts of fumaric acid, vanilic acid, (-)-epicatechin, quercetin, hispidulin 7-glucoside, hyperoside, and quercitrin in the seeds are higher than those in the cones. Therefore, the results suggested that there was a strong relationship between the antioxidant activities of the extracts and their phenolic ingredients.","PeriodicalId":14437,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Secondary Metabolite","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42923535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bellardia trixago (L.) All. (syn. Bartsia trixago L.) is a hemiparasitic plant that is mainly native to the Mediterranean area. Formerly, the genus was considered to be a part of the Scrophulariaceae family, but it is currently classified as belonging to the family Orobanchaceae. Bellardia species are used in traditional medicine by the local people to cure backache, menstrual problems and as an antipyretic and against the human immunodeficiency virus. Various populations of B. trixago exhibit qualitative and quantitative variations in the chemical composition of the plant. This research described the chemical composition of B. trixago from Dazkırı, Afyon/Türkiye. The essential oil of B. trixago was obtained by hydro-distillation method and the oil content was analyzed by GC-MS. Cembrene (51.7%) was identified as the major component and the other most abundant components were phellandral (15.4%) and α-terpineol (14.5%). To the best of knowledge, no research has ever been performed on B. trixago's essential oil from Türkiye.
{"title":"Essential oil composition of Bellardia trixago (L.) All. (Orobanchaceae) from Türkiye","authors":"G. Semi̇z, Batıkan Günal","doi":"10.21448/ijsm.1247243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21448/ijsm.1247243","url":null,"abstract":"Bellardia trixago (L.) All. (syn. Bartsia trixago L.) is a hemiparasitic plant that is mainly native to the Mediterranean area. Formerly, the genus was considered to be a part of the Scrophulariaceae family, but it is currently classified as belonging to the family Orobanchaceae. Bellardia species are used in traditional medicine by the local people to cure backache, menstrual problems and as an antipyretic and against the human immunodeficiency virus. Various populations of B. trixago exhibit qualitative and quantitative variations in the chemical composition of the plant. This research described the chemical composition of B. trixago from Dazkırı, Afyon/Türkiye. The essential oil of B. trixago was obtained by hydro-distillation method and the oil content was analyzed by GC-MS. Cembrene (51.7%) was identified as the major component and the other most abundant components were phellandral (15.4%) and α-terpineol (14.5%). To the best of knowledge, no research has ever been performed on B. trixago's essential oil from Türkiye.","PeriodicalId":14437,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Secondary Metabolite","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48749519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Vasait, S. Bhamare, Sayali Jamdhade, Yogita Savkar
This study was aimed at isolating potential antimicrobial compound (AMC) producing bacteria. AMC produced by a Bacillus species was evaluated further for its antimicrobial potential. Antimicrobial compound-producing bacteria were isolated from the soil of crop fields from the local region of Satana, Nashik (India), and tested against clinical isolates. Both isolates exhibited remarkable antibacterial potential against Gram-positive and Gram-negative clinical isolates. The AMCs of both SYS 1 and SYS 2 exhibited excellent antibacterial activity against Salmonella paratyphi B and Staphylococcus aureus. Both AMC-producing isolates were characterized and identified. Bacillus species SYS 1 and SYS 2 were identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SYS 1 and Bacillus siamensis SYS 2, respectively. The highest antimicrobial activity of AMC produced by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SYS 1 was exhibited against Salmonella paratyphi B (28 mm), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (26 mm). Bacillus siamensis SYS 2 AMC extracted by the solvent ethyl acetate exerted the highest antimicrobial activity against Salmonella paratyphi B (18 mm), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (16 mm). A partial characterization of the AMC was conducted and evaluated to contain amino acids and proteins. A higher total protein content of 17.9 μg/mL was estimated in the partially purified AMC of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SYS 1. A detailed evaluation of the structural characteristics of AMC could prove its importance in commercial applications.
{"title":"Antibacterial compound of Bacillus Amyloliquefaciens and Bacillus Siamensis: screening, characterization, and evaluation","authors":"R. Vasait, S. Bhamare, Sayali Jamdhade, Yogita Savkar","doi":"10.21448/ijsm.1258717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21448/ijsm.1258717","url":null,"abstract":"This study was aimed at isolating potential antimicrobial compound (AMC) producing bacteria. AMC produced by a Bacillus species was evaluated further for its antimicrobial potential. Antimicrobial compound-producing bacteria were isolated from the soil of crop fields from the local region of Satana, Nashik (India), and tested against clinical isolates. Both isolates exhibited remarkable antibacterial potential against Gram-positive and Gram-negative clinical isolates. The AMCs of both SYS 1 and SYS 2 exhibited excellent antibacterial activity against Salmonella paratyphi B and Staphylococcus aureus. Both AMC-producing isolates were characterized and identified. Bacillus species SYS 1 and SYS 2 were identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SYS 1 and Bacillus siamensis SYS 2, respectively. The highest antimicrobial activity of AMC produced by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SYS 1 was exhibited against Salmonella paratyphi B (28 mm), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (26 mm). Bacillus siamensis SYS 2 AMC extracted by the solvent ethyl acetate exerted the highest antimicrobial activity against Salmonella paratyphi B (18 mm), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (16 mm). A partial characterization of the AMC was conducted and evaluated to contain amino acids and proteins. A higher total protein content of 17.9 μg/mL was estimated in the partially purified AMC of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SYS 1. A detailed evaluation of the structural characteristics of AMC could prove its importance in commercial applications.","PeriodicalId":14437,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Secondary Metabolite","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44436971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this study is to investigate the antifungal activity of propolis against V. dahliae Kleb. under both in vitro and in vivo conditions. Firstly, the inhibitory effect of the propolis on mycelial growth in Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) media containing its ethanol extract (PE) at various concentrations (0.003, 0.06, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, and 1 ppm/mL) was investigated under in vitro conditions. Then to assess the effect of PE on non-defoliating (PHCVd3 isolate) and defoliating (PHCVd47 isolate) pathotypes of V. dahliae, the varieties Giza 45 (resistant), Carmen (tolerant), and Acala SJ2 (susceptible) treated with PEE (1 ppm/mL) were observed in the plant growth chamber up to the 4-6 leaf stage. The whole in vitro experiments were carried out with three replicates, and the studies in vivo experiment were with five replicates depending on a completely randomized parcels design. The most effective dose of PEE with1 ppm/mL dose resulted in 75.2% suppression against the PHCVd3 isolate, while the effect of the same dose against the PHCVd47 isolate was 74.4%. The lowest disease severity index (DSI) values against PHCVd3 and PHCVd47 isolates in cotton cultivars treated with PE were 1.34 and 1.64 in the Giza 45, respectively, and the highest DSI values were 3.80 and 3.90 in the Acala SJ2 cultivar in vivo experiment, respectively. The findings indicate that PE treatment has a promising effect against cotton wilt disease that could be combined with known plant protection strategies.
{"title":"The antifungal effect of propolis extract against cotton wild disease (Verticillium dahliae Kleb.)","authors":"Melike Mutlu Yilmaz, Y. Kara, O. Erdoğan","doi":"10.21448/ijsm.1249463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21448/ijsm.1249463","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to investigate the antifungal activity of propolis against V. dahliae Kleb. under both in vitro and in vivo conditions. Firstly, the inhibitory effect of the propolis on mycelial growth in Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) media containing its ethanol extract (PE) at various concentrations (0.003, 0.06, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, and 1 ppm/mL) was investigated under in vitro conditions. Then to assess the effect of PE on non-defoliating (PHCVd3 isolate) and defoliating (PHCVd47 isolate) pathotypes of V. dahliae, the varieties Giza 45 (resistant), Carmen (tolerant), and Acala SJ2 (susceptible) treated with PEE (1 ppm/mL) were observed in the plant growth chamber up to the 4-6 leaf stage. The whole in vitro experiments were carried out with three replicates, and the studies in vivo experiment were with five replicates depending on a completely randomized parcels design. The most effective dose of PEE with1 ppm/mL dose resulted in 75.2% suppression against the PHCVd3 isolate, while the effect of the same dose against the PHCVd47 isolate was 74.4%. The lowest disease severity index (DSI) values against PHCVd3 and PHCVd47 isolates in cotton cultivars treated with PE were 1.34 and 1.64 in the Giza 45, respectively, and the highest DSI values were 3.80 and 3.90 in the Acala SJ2 cultivar in vivo experiment, respectively. The findings indicate that PE treatment has a promising effect against cotton wilt disease that could be combined with known plant protection strategies.","PeriodicalId":14437,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Secondary Metabolite","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43581307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study investigated the antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory properties of Myrtus communis leaves. Three different solvents including methanol, 50%-methanol, and water were used to extract of M. communis. In addition, total bioactive compounds were evaluated by using total phenolic and total flavonoid content assays. In antioxidant assays, water extract displayed the highest antioxidant potential. The MeOH extract demonstrated the highest inhibitory effect against AChE (4.38 mg GALAE/g), BChE (1.58 mg GALAE/g), α-amylase (0.56 mmol ACE/g), and tyrosinase (132.20 mg KAE/g). The M. communis leaves extract could be used as a promising raw material source in food and medicine industries.
{"title":"Assessment of antioxidant and enzyme inhibition properties of Myrtus communis L. leaves","authors":"S. Uysal, K. I. Sinan, G. Zengin","doi":"10.21448/ijsm.1106464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21448/ijsm.1106464","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory properties of Myrtus communis leaves. Three different solvents including methanol, 50%-methanol, and water were used to extract of M. communis. In addition, total bioactive compounds were evaluated by using total phenolic and total flavonoid content assays. In antioxidant assays, water extract displayed the highest antioxidant potential. The MeOH extract demonstrated the highest inhibitory effect against AChE (4.38 mg GALAE/g), BChE (1.58 mg GALAE/g), α-amylase (0.56 mmol ACE/g), and tyrosinase (132.20 mg KAE/g). The M. communis leaves extract could be used as a promising raw material source in food and medicine industries.","PeriodicalId":14437,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Secondary Metabolite","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42608067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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