Pub Date : 2023-11-08DOI: 10.51878/secondary.v3i4.2527
DENI SUSANTO
The aim of writing this Best Practice is to determine the use of card media to improve learning outcomes for reading narrative texts in class IX B students of SMP Negeri 3 Trenggalek Semester II 2019/2020 academic year. Want to know the extent of the impact of using card media to improve learning outcomes for reading narrative texts in Class IX B students of SMP Negeri 3 Trenggalek Semester II 2019/2020 academic year. Theoretically, the results of this best practice can contribute positive thinking in science in the field of education, especially in the application of learning media using cards in English subjects in junior high schools. The learning process using learning media in the form of cards makes students more active in learning and students try to foster an attitude of working together. Students become more interested in learning without being burdened and not easily bored in learning activities. Learning outcomes for reading narrative texts for class IX students in the even semester of the 2019/2020 academic year at SMPN 3 Trenggalek have increased with an average student score of 84.53 with a completion percentage of 100%. Based on the results, the average student score was 84.53 with the number of students who completed the indicators being 32 students (100% of the total number of students). ABSTRAKTujuan dari penulisan Best Practice ini adalah mengetahui penggunaan media kartu untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar membaca teks narrative pada siswa kelas IX B SMP Negeri 3 Trenggalek Semester II Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020. Ingin mengetahui sejauh mana dampak dari penggunaan media kartu untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar membaca teks narrative pada siswa Kelas IX B SMP Negeri 3 Trenggalek Semester II Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020. Secara teoretis, hasil best practice ini dapat memberikan sumbangan pemikiran yang positif dalam ilmu pengetahuan di bidang pendidikan, khususnya dalam penerapan media pembelajaran dengan menggunakan media kartu pada mata pelajaran Bahasa Inggris di Sekolah Menengah Pertama. Proses pembelajaran dengan media pembelajaran berupa kartu membuat siswa menjadi lebih aktif dalam pembelajaran dan siswa berusaha menumbuhkan sikap saling bekerja sama. Siswa menjadi lebih tertarik untuk belajar tidak terbebani dan tidak mudah jenuh dalam kegiatan pembelajaran. Hasil belajar membaca teks narrative pada siswa kelas IX semester genap tahun pelajaran 2019/2020 SMPN 3 Trenggalek mengalami peningkatan dengan nilai rata-rata siswa sebesar 84,53 dengan presentase ketuntasan sebesar 100%. Berdasarkan hasil diperoleh rata-rata nilai siswa sebesar 84,53 dengan jumlah siswa yang tuntas melakukan indikator sebanyak 32 siswa (100% dari total jumlah siswa).
撰写此最佳实践的目的是确定使用卡片媒体来改善SMP Negeri 3 Trenggalek第二学期(2019/2020学年)九年级B班学生阅读叙事文本的学习成果。想知道在2019/2020学年第二学期SMP Negeri 3 Trenggalek九B班学生中，使用卡片媒体对提高叙事文本阅读学习成果的影响程度。从理论上讲，这一最佳实践的结果可以促进教育领域科学的积极思考，特别是在初中英语科目中使用卡片学习媒体的应用。以卡片为学习媒介的学习过程，使学生的学习更加主动，培养学生的合作态度。学生对学习更感兴趣，而不会在学习活动中感到负担和厌烦。在2019/2020学年平学期，该校九班学生阅读叙事文本的学习成果有所提高，学生平均成绩为84.53分，完成率为100%。结果显示，学生平均得分为84.53分，完成指标的学生人数为32人(占学生总数的100%)。[摘要]新疆维吾尔族维吾尔族维吾尔族维吾尔族维吾尔族维吾尔族维吾尔族维吾尔族维吾尔族维吾尔族维吾尔族维吾尔族维吾尔族维吾尔族维吾尔族维吾尔族维吾尔族维吾尔族维吾尔族维吾尔族维吾尔族维吾尔族维吾尔族维吾尔族维吾尔族维吾尔族维吾尔族维吾尔族维吾尔族维吾尔族维吾尔族维吾尔族2019/2020。Ingin mengetahui sejauh mana dampak dari penggunaan media kartu untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar membaca teks narrative pada siswa Kelas 9 B SMP Negeri 3丁加叻第二学期Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020。我的翻译是:我的翻译是:我的翻译是:我的翻译是:我的翻译是:我的翻译是:我的翻译是:我的翻译是:我的翻译是:我的翻译是:我的翻译是:我的翻译是:在此之前，我曾向媒体报道过，我曾向媒体报道过，我曾向媒体报道过，我曾向媒体报道过，我曾向媒体报道过，我曾向媒体报道过。西西瓦·曼加迪·利比什恐怖主义，我的儿子，我的儿子，我的儿子，我的儿子，我的儿子，我的儿子，我的儿子。Hasil belajar membaca teks narrative pada siswa kelas IX semester genap tahun pelajan 2019/2020 SMPN 3 Trenggalek mengalami peningkatan dengan nilai rata-rata siswa sebesar 84,53 dengan presentase ketuntasan sebesar 100%。Berdasarkan hasil diperoleh rata-rata nilai siswa sebesar 84,53 dengan jumlah siswa yang tuntas melakukan指标sebanyak 32 siswa(100%达里总jumlah siswa)。
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Pub Date : 2023-11-08DOI: 10.51878/secondary.v3i4.2526
ELFI KHAIRANI NASUTION
This classroom action research is motivated by the low value of English, especially in the aspect of reading comprehension skills, students are less able to understand a text correctly so they are unable to tell the contents of the text and lack the confidence to speak in English. This research aims to improve English learning outcomes on the subject of report text in cycle 1 and cycle 2, using the Peer Assisted Learning (PAL) learning strategy. This research was carried out from February to March 2022, taking place in class IX-5 of MTs Negeri 2 Deli Serdang. This type of research is Classroom Action Research with two cycles consisting of two meetings in one cycle, each cycle consisting of: planning, implementation, observation and reflection. Data collection techniques and tools in this research use descriptive analysis techniques for data in the form of results documents. student learning, score lists and observation sheets for students and teachers. The results of the research show that with the PAL strategy there is a pleasant learning atmosphere so that student learning outcomes increase, namely from the results of cycle I to Cycle II there is an increase, in cycle 1 the number of students who got a complete score was 25 students or 72.05%, the score was incomplete in cycle 1 it was 9 students or 27.94%, while in cycle 2 there was an increase in the completion score, namely to 30 students or 94.11%, an increase of 17.06%. It was concluded that PALS learning can improve students' English reading learning outcomes. ABSTRAKPenelitian tindakan kelas ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya nilai bahasa Inggris, khususnya pada aspek keterampilan membaca pemahaman, siswa kurang mampu memahami suatu teks dengan benar sehingga untuk menceritakan isi teks pun tak mampu dan kurang percaya diri untuk berbicara dalam bahasa Inggris. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar bahasa Inggris pada pokok bahasan report text pada siklus 1 dan siklus 2, dengan menggunakan strategi pembelajaran Peer Assisted Learning (PAL). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari sampai Maret 2022, bertempat di kelas IX-5 MTs Negeri 2 Deli Serdang. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas dengan dua siklus yang terdiri dari dua kali pertemuan dalam satu siklus, setiap siklus terdiri dari: perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan dan refleksi.Teknik dan alat pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif terhadap data berupa dokumen hasil belajar siswa, daftar nilai dan lembar observasi untuk siswa dan guru. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dengan strategi PAL tejadi suasana pembelajaran yang menyenangkan sehingga hasil belajar siswa meningkat, yaitu dari hasil siklus I ke Siklus II terdapat peningkatan, pada siklus 1 jumlah siswa yang mendapat nilai tuntas adalah 25 siswa atau 72,05 %, nilai tidak tuntas pada siklus 1 adalah 9 siswa atau 27,94 %, sedangkan pada siklus 2 terjadi peningkatan nilai tuntas yaitu menjadi 30
这次课堂行动研究的动机是英语的低价值，特别是在阅读理解能力方面，学生不能正确理解文本，无法说出文本的内容，缺乏用英语说话的信心。本研究旨在利用同伴辅助学习(PAL)的学习策略，提高第一和第二周期报告文本主题的英语学习成果。这项研究于2022年2月至3月在MTs Negeri 2 Deli Serdang的IX-5班进行。这种类型的研究是课堂行动研究，有两个周期，一个周期中有两个会议，每个周期包括:计划，实施，观察和反思。本研究的数据收集技术和工具以结果文件的形式对数据使用描述性分析技术。学生学习，分数表和观察表，为学生和教师。研究的结果表明,与朋友策略有一个愉快的学习气氛,这样学生学习成果的增加,即从循环的结果我第二周期有一个增加,周期1中有一个完整的分数的学生人数是25个学生或72.05%,分数是不完整的周期1 9学生或27.94%,而在完成周期2有一个增加分数,即30名学生或94.11%,增长17.06%。结果表明，PALS学习可以提高学生的英语阅读学习效果。【摘要】penelitian tindakan kelas ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya nilai bahasa Inggris, khususnya paas as keterampilan membaca pemahaman, siswa kurang mampu memahami suatu teks, dengan berbicara dalam bahasa Inggris, siswa kurang mampu memahami suatu teks, siwa kurang mampu dankurang peraya diri unku berbicara dalam bahasa Inggris。Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar bahasa Inggris pada pokok bahasan报告文本pada siklus 1 dan siklus 2, dengan menggunakan strategy i penbelajan同伴辅助学习(PAL)。Penelitian ini dilaksanakan padbulan 2022年2月sampai市场，bertempat di kelas IX-5 mt . Negeri 2 Deli Serdang。Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian Tindakan Kelas dengan dua siklus yang terdiri dari dua kali pertemuan dalam satu siklus, setiap siklus terdiri dari: perencanan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan dan refleksi。技术数据分析平台，数据分析平台，数据分析平台，数据分析平台，数据分析平台，数据分析平台，数据分析平台，数据分析平台，数据分析平台，数据分析平台，数据分析平台。Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dengan strategi PAL tejadi suasana pembelajan bawa dengan sehinga Hasil belajar siswa meningkat, yitu dari Hasil siklus I ke siklus II terdapat peningkatan, pada siklus 1 jumlah siswa yang mendapat nilai tuntas adalah 25 siwa atau 72,05%， niai tidak tuntas pada siklus 1 adalah 9 siwa atau 27,94%， sedangkan pada siklus 2 terjadi peningkatan nilai tuntas yitu menjadi 30 siwa atau 94,11% terjadi peningkatan 17,06%。dispulkan bahwa pembelajaran PALS dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar membaca bahasa Inggris siswa。
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Pub Date : 2023-11-08DOI: 10.51878/secondary.v3i4.2525
ENDANG NALOWATI
This research aims to increase learning activities and understanding of concepts for class X MIA students at SMA N 2 Bantul through the application of the talking chips technique in the guided discovery learning model. This research is classroom action research carried out in two cycles. Each cycle consists of action planning, action implementation, observation and reflection. The research subjects were 30 students in class X MIA 4 SMA Negeri 2 Bantul for the 2017/2018 academic year. Data collection techniques were obtained through observation, interviews, tests and questionnaires. Data analysis uses qualitative descriptive analysis techniques. The results of the research show that the talking chips technique in the guided discovery learning model for class X MIA SMA Negeri 2 Bantul can increase students' learning activities and understanding of concepts. Student learning activities showed an increase, namely from 53.88% in the pre-cycle, increasing to 72.47% in the first cycle then increasing to 85.46% in the second cycle. Students' understanding of concepts can be seen from the results of student tests which have increased from pre-cycle, namely 40%, increasing to 56.67% in cycle I, then increasing to 76.67% in cycle II. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan aktivitas belajar dan pemahaman konsep siswa kelas X MIA SMA N 2 Bantul melalui penerapan teknik talking chips dalam model pembelajaran guideddiscovery learning. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus. Setiap siklus terdiri atas perencanaan tindakan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas X MIA 4 SMA Negeri 2 Bantul Tahun Ajaran 2017/ 2018 sebanyak 30 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data diperoleh melalui observasi, wawancara, tes, serta angket. Analisis data menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa teknik talking chips dalam model pembelajaran guided discovery learning kelas X MIA SMA Negeri 2 Bantul dapat meningkatkan aktivitas belajar dan pemahaman konsep siswa. Aktivitas belajar siswa menunjukkan peningkatan yaitu dari 53,88% pada prasiklus, meningkat menjadi 72,47% pada siklus I kemudian meningkat menjadi 85,46% pada siklus II. Pemahaman konsep siswa dilihat dari hasil tes siswa yang mengalami peningkatan dari prasiklus yaitu 40% meningkat menjadi 56,67% pada siklus I kemudian meningkat menjadi 76,67% pada siklus II.
本研究旨在通过在引导式发现学习模式中应用谈话芯片技术，增加SMA n2bantul X班MIA学生的学习活动和对概念的理解。本研究是分两个周期进行的课堂行动研究。每个周期由行动计划、行动实施、观察和反思组成。研究对象是2017/2018学年班图尔X班的30名学生。通过观察、访谈、测试和问卷调查获得数据收集技术。数据分析使用定性描述分析技术。研究结果表明，在MIA SMA Negeri 2 Bantul班X班的引导发现学习模型中使用谈话芯片技术可以增加学生的学习活动和对概念的理解。学生的学习活动呈上升趋势，从前一个周期的53.88%上升到第一个周期的72.47%，第二个周期上升到85.46%。从学生测试的结果可以看出，学生对概念的理解从周期前的40%增加到周期一的56.67%，然后在周期二增加到76.67%。[摘要]penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan aktivitas belajar dan MIA SMA N 2 Bantul melalui penelajar penelianteknik talking chips dalam模型penbelajaran引导发现学习。Penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilaksanakan dalam dua klus。设置sikklus terdiri，包括perencanan tindakan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi和refleksi。Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas X MIA 4 SMA Negeri 2 Bantul Tahun Ajaran 2017/ 2018 sebanyak 30 siswa日本气象台、冰岛气象台、冰岛气象台、冰岛气象台的人口普查数据。分析数据蒙古纳坎技术分析脚本定性。Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa teknik会说话的芯片dalam模型penbelajan引导发现学习kelas X MIA SMA Negeri 2 Bantul dapat meningkatkan aktivitas belajar dan pemahaman konsep siswa。Aktivitas belajar siswa menunjukkan peningkatan yaitu dari 53,88% padasiklus, 72,47% padsiklus I kemudian meningkat menjadi 85,46% padsiklus II。Pemahaman konsep siswa dilihat dari hasil tes siswa yang mengalami peningkatan dari prasiklus yaitu 40% meningkat menjadi 56,67% padsikus I kemudian meningkat menjadi 76,67% padsikus II。
{"title":"PENERAPAN TEKNIK TALKING CHIPS DALAM MODEL PEMBELAJARAN GUIDED DISCOVERY LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN AKTIVITAS BELAJAR DAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP PADA PESERTA DIDIK","authors":"ENDANG NALOWATI","doi":"10.51878/secondary.v3i4.2525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51878/secondary.v3i4.2525","url":null,"abstract":"This research aims to increase learning activities and understanding of concepts for class X MIA students at SMA N 2 Bantul through the application of the talking chips technique in the guided discovery learning model. This research is classroom action research carried out in two cycles. Each cycle consists of action planning, action implementation, observation and reflection. The research subjects were 30 students in class X MIA 4 SMA Negeri 2 Bantul for the 2017/2018 academic year. Data collection techniques were obtained through observation, interviews, tests and questionnaires. Data analysis uses qualitative descriptive analysis techniques. The results of the research show that the talking chips technique in the guided discovery learning model for class X MIA SMA Negeri 2 Bantul can increase students' learning activities and understanding of concepts. Student learning activities showed an increase, namely from 53.88% in the pre-cycle, increasing to 72.47% in the first cycle then increasing to 85.46% in the second cycle. Students' understanding of concepts can be seen from the results of student tests which have increased from pre-cycle, namely 40%, increasing to 56.67% in cycle I, then increasing to 76.67% in cycle II. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan aktivitas belajar dan pemahaman konsep siswa kelas X MIA SMA N 2 Bantul melalui penerapan teknik talking chips dalam model pembelajaran guideddiscovery learning. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus. Setiap siklus terdiri atas perencanaan tindakan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas X MIA 4 SMA Negeri 2 Bantul Tahun Ajaran 2017/ 2018 sebanyak 30 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data diperoleh melalui observasi, wawancara, tes, serta angket. Analisis data menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa teknik talking chips dalam model pembelajaran guided discovery learning kelas X MIA SMA Negeri 2 Bantul dapat meningkatkan aktivitas belajar dan pemahaman konsep siswa. Aktivitas belajar siswa menunjukkan peningkatan yaitu dari 53,88% pada prasiklus, meningkat menjadi 72,47% pada siklus I kemudian meningkat menjadi 85,46% pada siklus II. Pemahaman konsep siswa dilihat dari hasil tes siswa yang mengalami peningkatan dari prasiklus yaitu 40% meningkat menjadi 56,67% pada siklus I kemudian meningkat menjadi 76,67% pada siklus II.","PeriodicalId":14437,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Secondary Metabolite","volume":" 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135340613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-08DOI: 10.51878/secondary.v3i4.2528
DESI DESI
This research aims to describe how learning using Google Form media in mathematics learning can increase the activeness of mathematics learning for class XI MIA students at SMA Negeri 4 Malinau. The research method used is classroom action research which consists of four stages, namely planning, implementation, observation and reflection. The research subjects were all students in class The research instruments are researchers, learning observation sheets, and student learning outcomes. The data analysis technique uses qualitative descriptive data analysis which goes through three stages, namely data reduction, analysis and conclusion. This research was carried out in three cycles. The research results show that the use of Google Form media can increase students' active mathematics learning in the New Normal Conditions of Class XI MIA SMA Negeri 4 Malinau. In cycle I, student activity showed a value of 67.5 which was classified as less active, in cycle II it increased to 82.5 which was classified as active, and in cycle III there was an increase in activity with two observers assessing 87.5 and 85 as being very active. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pembelajaran dengan media google form pada pembelajaran matematika dapat meningkatkan keaktifan belajar matematika siswa kelas XI MIA SMA Negeri 4 Malinau. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian tindakan kelas yang terdiri dari ernpat tahap, yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi,dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian adalah seluruh siswa kelas XI MIA SMA Negeri 4 Malinau yang berjurnlah 30 siswa, sedangkan objek penelitian adalah keseluruhan proses dan hasil pernbelajaran rnaternatika melalui media google form sebagai upaya meningkatkan keaktifan belajar matematika siswa kelas tersebut. Instrumen penelitian berupa peneliti, lernbar observasi pembelajaran, dan hasil belajar siswa. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis data deskriptif kualitatif yang rnelalui tiga tahap, yaitu reduksi, analisis dan penyirnpulan data. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dalam tiga siklus. Hasil penelitian rnenunjukkan bahwa penggunaan media google form dapat meningkatkan keaktifan belajar matematika siswa di Kondisi New Normal Kelas XI MIA SMA Negeri 4 Malinau. Pada siklus I, aktivitas siswa menunjukkan nilai 67,5 tergolong kurang aktif, pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 82,5 tergolong aktif, dan pada siklus III terjadi peningkatan keaktifan dengan dua orang observer menilai 87,5 dan 85 tergolong sangat aktif.
使用的研究方法是课堂行动研究，包括四个阶段，即计划、实施、观察和反思。研究对象均为班级学生，研究工具为研究人员、学习观察表和学生学习成果。数据分析技术采用定性描述性数据分析，经过数据还原、分析和结论三个阶段。这项研究分三个周期进行。在第一轮中，学生的活跃度为67.5，被归类为不太活跃;在第二轮中，学生的活跃度增加到82.5，被归类为活跃;在第三轮中，活跃度有所增加，有两名观察员评估87.5和85为非常活跃。Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian tindakan kelas yang terdiri dari ernpat tahap, yitu perencanan, pelaksanaan, observasi,dan refleksi。penelia仪器berupa peneliti, lbarbarobservasaspenbelajaran, dan hasilbelajarsiswa。技术分析数据孟古纳肯分析数据桌面脚本质量分析杨家祥，数据分析杨家祥，数据分析杨家祥，数据分析杨家祥。Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dalam tiga siklus。5 tergolong aktif, 5 tergolong kuang aktif, 5 tergolong kuang aktif, 5 tergolong kuang aktif, 3 terjadi peningkatan keaktifan dengan dua orang observer menilai 87,5 dan85 tergolong sangat aktif。
{"title":"PENGGUNAAN GOOGLE FORM UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEAKTIFAN BELAJAR MATEMATIKA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN DARING KELAS XI MIA SMA NEGERI 4 MALINAU","authors":"DESI DESI","doi":"10.51878/secondary.v3i4.2528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51878/secondary.v3i4.2528","url":null,"abstract":"This research aims to describe how learning using Google Form media in mathematics learning can increase the activeness of mathematics learning for class XI MIA students at SMA Negeri 4 Malinau. The research method used is classroom action research which consists of four stages, namely planning, implementation, observation and reflection. The research subjects were all students in class The research instruments are researchers, learning observation sheets, and student learning outcomes. The data analysis technique uses qualitative descriptive data analysis which goes through three stages, namely data reduction, analysis and conclusion. This research was carried out in three cycles. The research results show that the use of Google Form media can increase students' active mathematics learning in the New Normal Conditions of Class XI MIA SMA Negeri 4 Malinau. In cycle I, student activity showed a value of 67.5 which was classified as less active, in cycle II it increased to 82.5 which was classified as active, and in cycle III there was an increase in activity with two observers assessing 87.5 and 85 as being very active. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pembelajaran dengan media google form pada pembelajaran matematika dapat meningkatkan keaktifan belajar matematika siswa kelas XI MIA SMA Negeri 4 Malinau. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian tindakan kelas yang terdiri dari ernpat tahap, yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi,dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian adalah seluruh siswa kelas XI MIA SMA Negeri 4 Malinau yang berjurnlah 30 siswa, sedangkan objek penelitian adalah keseluruhan proses dan hasil pernbelajaran rnaternatika melalui media google form sebagai upaya meningkatkan keaktifan belajar matematika siswa kelas tersebut. Instrumen penelitian berupa peneliti, lernbar observasi pembelajaran, dan hasil belajar siswa. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis data deskriptif kualitatif yang rnelalui tiga tahap, yaitu reduksi, analisis dan penyirnpulan data. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dalam tiga siklus. Hasil penelitian rnenunjukkan bahwa penggunaan media google form dapat meningkatkan keaktifan belajar matematika siswa di Kondisi New Normal Kelas XI MIA SMA Negeri 4 Malinau. Pada siklus I, aktivitas siswa menunjukkan nilai 67,5 tergolong kurang aktif, pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 82,5 tergolong aktif, dan pada siklus III terjadi peningkatan keaktifan dengan dua orang observer menilai 87,5 dan 85 tergolong sangat aktif.","PeriodicalId":14437,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Secondary Metabolite","volume":" 11","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135340762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mine SULAK, Aslı ÖZTÜRK KİRAZ, Yeşim KARA, İzzet KARA
The synthesis of nanoparticles using biological molecules has become one of the current research areas due to the high toxic content, poor stability, and expensive production technologies of nanoparticles synthesized by physical and chemical technologies. With the approach called green synthesis, nanoparticles that do not contain toxic substances have been produced in a method that does not harm the environment and human health. The number of polyphenol compounds in the ethyl alcohol/water extract of propolis collected from the Muğla-Türkiye region was determined. The synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles were carried out using the ethyl alcohol/water extract of propolis. The descriptions of the synthesized nanoparticles were made using ultraviolet-visible absorption and attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared. Scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray, and X-ray diffraction methods were used for morphological examinations. Which polyphenol compound in the propolis content is effective in the synthesis of nanosilver particles was investigated with a Gaussian 16 package program. The electronic properties of the compounds were obtained by density functional theory using boundary orbitals theory, molecular electrostatic surface potential, and nonlinear optical properties. Epigallocatechin gallate, Kaempferol, and Quercetin are effective in obtaining nano-Ag and can be used as organic optical material in technology.
{"title":"Investigation of electronic and optical properties of nano-Ag produced from heterocyclic compounds by green chemistry reactions","authors":"Mine SULAK, Aslı ÖZTÜRK KİRAZ, Yeşim KARA, İzzet KARA","doi":"10.21448/ijsm.1298487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21448/ijsm.1298487","url":null,"abstract":"The synthesis of nanoparticles using biological molecules has become one of the current research areas due to the high toxic content, poor stability, and expensive production technologies of nanoparticles synthesized by physical and chemical technologies. With the approach called green synthesis, nanoparticles that do not contain toxic substances have been produced in a method that does not harm the environment and human health. The number of polyphenol compounds in the ethyl alcohol/water extract of propolis collected from the Muğla-Türkiye region was determined. The synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles were carried out using the ethyl alcohol/water extract of propolis. The descriptions of the synthesized nanoparticles were made using ultraviolet-visible absorption and attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared. Scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray, and X-ray diffraction methods were used for morphological examinations. Which polyphenol compound in the propolis content is effective in the synthesis of nanosilver particles was investigated with a Gaussian 16 package program. The electronic properties of the compounds were obtained by density functional theory using boundary orbitals theory, molecular electrostatic surface potential, and nonlinear optical properties. Epigallocatechin gallate, Kaempferol, and Quercetin are effective in obtaining nano-Ag and can be used as organic optical material in technology.","PeriodicalId":14437,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Secondary Metabolite","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136058408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhammed Mustafa POLAT, Ergun KAYA, İbrahim KIVRAK
In this study, the effects of boron salt stress on in vitro cultivated Liquidambar orientalis (L. orientalis), a relict-endemic plant species, and the resulting changes in its phenolic appearance were investigated. Salt stress can cause negative impact on plant growth and production, especially in species with low salinity and drought tolerance, affecting metabolite expression and somaclonal execution. To evaluate the effects of different boron salts on meristem regeneration and progression, clonal in vitro L. orientalis meristems were exposed to boric acid, sodium perborate, sodium metaborate, and disodium octaborate salts. When compared with the control group examples where salt application was not performed, the highest regeneration percentage was determined to be 100% with the application of 1 mg/L disodium octaborate. In terms of the shoot formation capacity index, it was determined to be 5 mg/L. With a value of 4.94, the application of sodium perborate yielded the best result. In L. orientalis plants, the greatest change in phenolic compounds due to boron salt applications was observed in the concentration of Quercetin with the sodium perborate salt application at 1 mg/L concentration.
本研究研究了硼盐胁迫对离体栽培的残地植物——东方Liquidambar orientalis (L. orientalis)的影响及其对其酚类物质外观的影响。盐胁迫会对植物的生长和生产产生负面影响，特别是对低盐度和耐旱的物种，影响代谢物的表达和体细胞无性系的执行。为了研究不同硼盐对东方白羊草分生组织再生和进展的影响，在体外培养了硼酸盐、过硼酸钠盐、偏硼酸钠盐和辛酸二钠盐。与不施盐的对照组相比，施1mg /L辛酸二钠的再生率最高，为100%。在芽形成能力指标方面，确定其为5 mg/L。使用过硼酸钠的效果最好，其值为4.94。硼盐处理下，槲皮素和过硼酸钠在1 mg/L浓度下的含量变化最大。
{"title":"Comparative chromatographic analysis of phenolic compounds of Liquidambar orientalis plant cultivated under in vitro salt stress","authors":"Muhammed Mustafa POLAT, Ergun KAYA, İbrahim KIVRAK","doi":"10.21448/ijsm.1309982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21448/ijsm.1309982","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the effects of boron salt stress on in vitro cultivated Liquidambar orientalis (L. orientalis), a relict-endemic plant species, and the resulting changes in its phenolic appearance were investigated. Salt stress can cause negative impact on plant growth and production, especially in species with low salinity and drought tolerance, affecting metabolite expression and somaclonal execution. To evaluate the effects of different boron salts on meristem regeneration and progression, clonal in vitro L. orientalis meristems were exposed to boric acid, sodium perborate, sodium metaborate, and disodium octaborate salts. When compared with the control group examples where salt application was not performed, the highest regeneration percentage was determined to be 100% with the application of 1 mg/L disodium octaborate. In terms of the shoot formation capacity index, it was determined to be 5 mg/L. With a value of 4.94, the application of sodium perborate yielded the best result. In L. orientalis plants, the greatest change in phenolic compounds due to boron salt applications was observed in the concentration of Quercetin with the sodium perborate salt application at 1 mg/L concentration.","PeriodicalId":14437,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Secondary Metabolite","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136070447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An increase in free radicals can cause damage to cells and tissues in the body. This is caused by a lack of antioxidant ability in the body, so it requires antioxidants outside the body. One of the plants that can be used as a source of antioxidants is the yellow velvetleaf (Limnocharis flava), which has a class of polyphenolic compounds. The crude extract of this plant still has other components that are not included in the polyphenol compound. This study aimed to measure the total polyphenol and flavonoid contents as well as the antioxidant activity of the yellow velvetleaf plant (L. flava) before and after purification. The purification process is carried out using the solid-phase extraction method. The antioxidant activity was determined by using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. The total polyphenol and flavonoid contents increase after the purification process. Therefore, the antioxidant activity of purified extract is also increased when compared to crude extract. These results show that the purification process successfully increased the levels of polyphenol compounds from the yellow velvetleaf plant and its antioxidant activity. Thus, the purified extract can be used as an alternative source of natural antioxidants and can be developed as a food supplement ingredient.
{"title":"Total Polyphenols and Antioxidant Activity of Yellow Velvetleaf (Limnocharis flava) Extract","authors":"Sabri SUDİRMAN, Mey ARİANTİ, Gama Dian NUGROHO, Sherly RİDHOWATİ, Puspa Ayu PİTAYATİ, Miftahul JANNA","doi":"10.21448/ijsm.1328150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21448/ijsm.1328150","url":null,"abstract":"An increase in free radicals can cause damage to cells and tissues in the body. This is caused by a lack of antioxidant ability in the body, so it requires antioxidants outside the body. One of the plants that can be used as a source of antioxidants is the yellow velvetleaf (Limnocharis flava), which has a class of polyphenolic compounds. The crude extract of this plant still has other components that are not included in the polyphenol compound. This study aimed to measure the total polyphenol and flavonoid contents as well as the antioxidant activity of the yellow velvetleaf plant (L. flava) before and after purification. The purification process is carried out using the solid-phase extraction method. The antioxidant activity was determined by using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. The total polyphenol and flavonoid contents increase after the purification process. Therefore, the antioxidant activity of purified extract is also increased when compared to crude extract. These results show that the purification process successfully increased the levels of polyphenol compounds from the yellow velvetleaf plant and its antioxidant activity. Thus, the purified extract can be used as an alternative source of natural antioxidants and can be developed as a food supplement ingredient.","PeriodicalId":14437,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Secondary Metabolite","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136070448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Musa TATAROĞLU, Özge KILINÇARSLAN AKSOY, Yusuf KATILMIŞ, Ramazan MAMMADOV
The galls of cynipid species (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) have been used since ancient times as an important source of bioactive compounds. Many researchers have evaluated the medicinal potential of some cynipid galls and found that these galls have numerous ethnomedical uses. The aim of this study was to determine the total bioactive (phenolic, flavonoid and tannin) compound amounts of gall extracts, to reveal the phenolic compound contents by HPLC method and to set ground for future pharmaceutical studies. The galls of cynipid wasps (totally 24 taxa) on host plants were collected from the Eastern Black Sea Region of Türkiye. Acetone, ethanol, methanol, and water extracts of these galls were prepared for quantity analysis and HPLC. The phenolic compound amounts (phenolic, flavonoid and tannin) of the cynipid gall extracts were determined, and their phenolic compound contents were also revealed. Some phenolic compounds in ethanol gall extracts were analyzed using HPLC, and some of these compounds were detected for the first time in the cynipid galls. 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, caffeic acid, epicatechin, and ellagic acid are the most abundant in the ethanolic gall extracts. Total phenolic, flavonoid and tannin amounts of the cynipid gall extracts showed high variation. All these studies on quantification and characterization of phenolic compound are the first detailed studies on these taxa of cynipid galls and show that these cynipid galls might pharmaceutically be an important source for human and animal health.
{"title":"Determination of secondary metabolite in galls of some cynipid wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) and characterization of the phenolic compound","authors":"Musa TATAROĞLU, Özge KILINÇARSLAN AKSOY, Yusuf KATILMIŞ, Ramazan MAMMADOV","doi":"10.21448/ijsm.1300763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21448/ijsm.1300763","url":null,"abstract":"The galls of cynipid species (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) have been used since ancient times as an important source of bioactive compounds. Many researchers have evaluated the medicinal potential of some cynipid galls and found that these galls have numerous ethnomedical uses. The aim of this study was to determine the total bioactive (phenolic, flavonoid and tannin) compound amounts of gall extracts, to reveal the phenolic compound contents by HPLC method and to set ground for future pharmaceutical studies. The galls of cynipid wasps (totally 24 taxa) on host plants were collected from the Eastern Black Sea Region of Türkiye. Acetone, ethanol, methanol, and water extracts of these galls were prepared for quantity analysis and HPLC. The phenolic compound amounts (phenolic, flavonoid and tannin) of the cynipid gall extracts were determined, and their phenolic compound contents were also revealed. Some phenolic compounds in ethanol gall extracts were analyzed using HPLC, and some of these compounds were detected for the first time in the cynipid galls. 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, caffeic acid, epicatechin, and ellagic acid are the most abundant in the ethanolic gall extracts. Total phenolic, flavonoid and tannin amounts of the cynipid gall extracts showed high variation. All these studies on quantification and characterization of phenolic compound are the first detailed studies on these taxa of cynipid galls and show that these cynipid galls might pharmaceutically be an important source for human and animal health.","PeriodicalId":14437,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Secondary Metabolite","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136070449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Haplophyllum tuberculatum is a medicinal plant belonging to the Rutaceae family, is renowned for its various therapeutic properties. This study aims to characterize the alkaloids and polyphenol extracts from this plant and assess their antibacterial activity. Herein, the extraction of polyphenols and alkaloids from this plant was performed by the maceration method. Folin Ciacalteu’s method was used to estimate the total phenolic content, and the qualitative characterization of the two extracts was performed by thin-layer chromatography. Whilst, the antibacterial activity of the two extracts was tested with the disk diffusion method on a solid medium and the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of susceptible bacteria was determined using the agar dilution method. Our results indicate respective yields of 8.39% in polyphenols and 0.37% in alkaloid extracts, while the total phenolic content was estimated to be 74.45 mg GAE/g of dry matter in polyphenolic extract. Thin-layer chromatography analysis allowed choosing the system toluene-acetate-ethanol-concentrated ammonia (40:4:8:3, v/v) to separate H. tuberculatum alkaloids, and ethyl acetate-methanol-water (100:13.5:10, v/v/) for the separation of its polyphenols. The same analysis detected traces of quercitin, catechin, and rutin in the polyphenolic extract. Our findings demonstrated good antibacterial activity on Gram-positive strains such as Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, and moderate activity on Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27953, with MICs ranging from 0.625 to 10 mg/mL for alkaloids and from 5 to 20 mg/mL for polyphenols.
{"title":"Characterization and antibacterial activity of alkaloids and polyphenols extracts from Haplophyllum tuberculatum (forssk.)","authors":"Djamila DJOUAHRA FAHEM, Souhila BENSMAIL, Razika BOUTELDJA, Messad SARA, Fatiha FERHOUM, Nassima BOURFIS, Fatma ACHEUK, Fethia FAZOUANE","doi":"10.21448/ijsm.1248044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21448/ijsm.1248044","url":null,"abstract":"Haplophyllum tuberculatum is a medicinal plant belonging to the Rutaceae family, is renowned for its various therapeutic properties. This study aims to characterize the alkaloids and polyphenol extracts from this plant and assess their antibacterial activity. Herein, the extraction of polyphenols and alkaloids from this plant was performed by the maceration method. Folin Ciacalteu’s method was used to estimate the total phenolic content, and the qualitative characterization of the two extracts was performed by thin-layer chromatography. Whilst, the antibacterial activity of the two extracts was tested with the disk diffusion method on a solid medium and the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of susceptible bacteria was determined using the agar dilution method. Our results indicate respective yields of 8.39% in polyphenols and 0.37% in alkaloid extracts, while the total phenolic content was estimated to be 74.45 mg GAE/g of dry matter in polyphenolic extract. Thin-layer chromatography analysis allowed choosing the system toluene-acetate-ethanol-concentrated ammonia (40:4:8:3, v/v) to separate H. tuberculatum alkaloids, and ethyl acetate-methanol-water (100:13.5:10, v/v/) for the separation of its polyphenols. The same analysis detected traces of quercitin, catechin, and rutin in the polyphenolic extract. Our findings demonstrated good antibacterial activity on Gram-positive strains such as Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, and moderate activity on Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27953, with MICs ranging from 0.625 to 10 mg/mL for alkaloids and from 5 to 20 mg/mL for polyphenols.","PeriodicalId":14437,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Secondary Metabolite","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135369609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Food products contaminated with pathogens and spoiled not only lead to a decrease in the quality and quantity of food products but also contribute to the spread of diseases, which are increasingly becoming a public health problem in both developed and developing countries. Due to the multiple resistance of these pathogens to antibiotics, the search for natural products with antimicrobial properties is becoming increasingly important. Inula viscosa has been used as a medicinal plant for a long time in many Mediterranean countries. The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial effects of I. viscosa extracts against foodborne pathogens and their non-enzymatic antioxidant potential. Antimicrobial activity was measured using the disc diffusion method. Additionally, plant extracts were tested against 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethyl-benzothiazoline 6-sulfonate) radicals for antioxidant activity. Inula viscosa showed the highest antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis with the methanol extract (19 mm zone diameter), while the lowest activity was observed against Salmonella Typhimurium, with inhibition zone diameters of 7 mm. The highest antioxidant activity was recorded as 77.5% for the DPPH• method and 73.8% for the ABTS• method. In conclusion, this plant can be considered a natural antimicrobial and antioxidant agent against foodborne pathogens, and it is a promising candidate for large-scale experiments.
{"title":"Inula viscosa L. (Asteraceae): A study on its antimicrobial and antioxidant activities, chromatographic fingerprinting profile","authors":"Gülten ÖKMEN, Kutbettin ARSLAN, Rıdvan TEKİN","doi":"10.21448/ijsm.1272860","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21448/ijsm.1272860","url":null,"abstract":"Food products contaminated with pathogens and spoiled not only lead to a decrease in the quality and quantity of food products but also contribute to the spread of diseases, which are increasingly becoming a public health problem in both developed and developing countries. Due to the multiple resistance of these pathogens to antibiotics, the search for natural products with antimicrobial properties is becoming increasingly important. Inula viscosa has been used as a medicinal plant for a long time in many Mediterranean countries. The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial effects of I. viscosa extracts against foodborne pathogens and their non-enzymatic antioxidant potential. Antimicrobial activity was measured using the disc diffusion method. Additionally, plant extracts were tested against 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethyl-benzothiazoline 6-sulfonate) radicals for antioxidant activity. Inula viscosa showed the highest antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis with the methanol extract (19 mm zone diameter), while the lowest activity was observed against Salmonella Typhimurium, with inhibition zone diameters of 7 mm. The highest antioxidant activity was recorded as 77.5% for the DPPH• method and 73.8% for the ABTS• method. In conclusion, this plant can be considered a natural antimicrobial and antioxidant agent against foodborne pathogens, and it is a promising candidate for large-scale experiments.","PeriodicalId":14437,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Secondary Metabolite","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135134618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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