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Wear study of coatings obtained using different parameters of thermal spraying 采用不同热喷涂参数对涂层的磨损进行了研究
IF 0.8 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL Pub Date : 2017-08-04 DOI: 10.1504/IJSURFSE.2017.10006724
R. Bendikiene, T. Pilkaitė, L. Kuliavas
Feedstock material behaviour in thermal spraying process under different parameters is essential in producing repeatable and controllable coatings. Article reviews three regimes of spraying, with a focus on the wear behaviour under the different conditions. RocDur 37 was selected as feedstock material. Regimes applying different feed were used: 1.43 cm/s (A), 1.85 cm/s (B), 0.88 cm/s (C); rotation speed - 1.33 s−1. Wear was tested on the contactsliding, edge-wear and abrasive-wear machines. Regimes B and C showed lower wear in contact-sliding and edge-wear. Hydro-abrasive test showed similar wear of coatings obtained using all parameters, it can be concluded that RocDur 37 coatings are suitable for work in abrasive conditions. In this type of wear technological parameters do not affect wear. The optimum technological regimes: rotation speed 1.33 s−1, longitudinal feed 0.88 cm/s, and 11 passes.
热喷涂过程中原料在不同参数下的性能是制备可重复可控涂层的关键。本文综述了三种喷涂制度,重点讨论了在不同条件下的磨损行为。选取RocDur 37作为原料。饲喂不同饲料:1.43 cm/s (A)、1.85 cm/s (B)、0.88 cm/s (C);转速- 1.33 s−1。在接触滑动、边缘磨损和磨粒磨损机上进行了磨损试验。方案B和方案C在接触滑动和边缘磨损方面表现出较低的磨损。水磨试验表明,在所有参数下得到的涂层磨损相似,可以得出结论,RocDur 37涂层适合在磨料条件下工作。在这种类型的磨损中,工艺参数不影响磨损。最佳工艺方案:转速1.33 s - 1,纵向进给0.88 cm/s, 11道。
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引用次数: 2
Analysis of oxide scale deformation and surface roughness characterisation in hot rolling of stainless steels 不锈钢热轧氧化皮变形及表面粗糙度特征分析
IF 0.8 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL Pub Date : 2017-08-04 DOI: 10.1504/IJSURFSE.2017.085623
X. Cheng, D. Wei, Zhengyi Jiang, Lai-zhu Jiang
Stainless steels are iron-based alloys that contain a minimum of about 12% Cr. They have been classified by microstructure at room temperature. Two stainless steel grades 304 and 410L were studied in this paper. Hot rolling was performed on a Hille 100 experimental rolling mill under various reductions with consideration of the oxide scale thickness controlled by oxidation time. The experimental results show that the deformation behaviour of the oxide scale on the stainless steel 304 is sensitive to its thickness and exhibits higher resistance to be deformed. However, the reduction in thickness plays an important role in the uniformity of the oxide scale deformation for the stainless steel 410L. Friction coefficients were calculated and compared. Simulations results show that the reduction in thickness and initial surface roughness play roles on final surface roughness. Steel substrate surface is rougher than that of the oxide scale at different reductions.
不锈钢是含铬最少12%的铁基合金,根据室温下的微观结构进行分类。本文对304和410L两种不锈钢进行了研究。在考虑氧化时间控制氧化皮厚度的条件下,在Hille 100实验轧机上进行了不同还原度的热轧试验。实验结果表明,304不锈钢表面氧化皮的变形行为对其厚度敏感,且具有较高的抗变形能力。而厚度的减小对410L不锈钢氧化皮变形的均匀性起着重要的作用。计算并比较了摩擦系数。仿真结果表明,厚度和初始表面粗糙度的减小对最终表面粗糙度有影响。在不同的还原度下,钢基体表面比氧化皮表面粗糙。
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引用次数: 0
High-temperature tribological characterisation of laser surface melted Ni-based superalloy 激光表面熔化镍基高温合金的高温摩擦学特性
IF 0.8 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL Pub Date : 2017-08-04 DOI: 10.1504/IJSURFSE.2017.10006726
V. Dillibabu, M. Duraiselvam, M. Khan, K. Naveena
Laser surface treatment was performed on nickel-based superalloy to improve their high temperature tribological properties for enhanced service life specifically in gas turbine applications. The laser power and scan speed were strategically controlled to optimally refine the microstructure. The metallurgical and mechanical modifications in the treated area were studied to understand the refining mechanism. The coarser grains in the base material re-orient to fine dendrites during laser surface melting. The equiaxed grains are refined with increased laser power and reduced interaction time under the influence of higher cooling rate. The finely refined grains improve the microhardness of the treated surface. The tribological performance and its mechanism of the treated surfaces were evaluated at room temperature and at 500°C. A significant reduction in the wear rate was observed for the laser treated surface, where abrasion and adhesion found to be the dominant wear mechanisms.
对镍基高温合金进行了激光表面处理,以改善其高温摩擦学性能,提高其使用寿命,特别是在燃气轮机应用中。战略性地控制激光功率和扫描速度,以优化细化微观结构。研究了处理区的冶金和机械改性,以了解精炼机理。在激光表面熔化过程中,基材中较粗的晶粒重新定向为细小的枝晶。在较高冷却速率的影响下,随着激光功率的增加和相互作用时间的缩短,等轴晶粒得以细化。细化的晶粒提高了处理表面的显微硬度。在室温和500°C下对处理表面的摩擦学性能及其机理进行了评价。观察到激光处理表面的磨损率显著降低,其中磨损和粘附是主要的磨损机制。
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引用次数: 0
HFCVD nanostructured diamond films deposited by a combination of seeding suspensions and novel nucleation process 采用播散悬浮液和新型成核工艺制备HFCVD纳米结构金刚石薄膜
IF 0.8 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL Pub Date : 2017-08-04 DOI: 10.1504/IJSURFSE.2017.085622
D. Mukherjee, R. Polini, V. Valentini, S. Rotter, J. Mendes
The ultrasonic seeding of a substrate with diamond suspensions enriches the surface with nanometre-sized seeds that coalesce and form a closed conformal film during early stages of diamond growth. To get insight on seeds early growth and evaluate the seeding efficiency of different suspensions, silicon samples were exposed to diamond growth conditions before seeding; this leaves a thin carbon film on the substrate surface. Following this step samples were seeded with commercial nanodiamond suspensions, exposed again to growth conditions and characterised by SEM. Results showed that seeding suspensions played a role depending on particle size and nature of dispersing medium. Seeding density was larger and more uniform in samples pre-exposed to diamond growth conditions. The carbon film deposited during the pre-treatment improves deagglomeration of nanodiamond seeds via a more effective interaction between substrate surface and seeds. This procedure represents a viable way to grow thin conformal diamond coatings by HFCVD.
在金刚石生长的早期阶段,超声波播种金刚石悬浮液的衬底表面丰富了纳米大小的种子,这些种子聚集并形成一个封闭的保形膜。为了了解种子的早期生长情况并评估不同悬浮液的播种效率,在播种前将硅样品暴露在金刚石生长条件下;这在基材表面留下了一层薄薄的碳膜。在此步骤之后,将样品播种于商用纳米金刚石悬浮液中,再次暴露于生长条件下并通过扫描电镜进行表征。结果表明,种子悬浮液的作用取决于颗粒大小和分散介质的性质。在预先暴露于金刚石生长条件下的样品中,播种密度更大,更均匀。在预处理过程中沉积的碳膜通过衬底表面和种子之间更有效的相互作用改善了纳米金刚石种子的脱团聚。这一过程代表了一种可行的方法来生长薄的适形金刚石涂层HFCVD。
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引用次数: 3
Dry sliding wear and friction characteristics of AA6061 - TiB2/ZrB2 in-situ metal matrix composites at room temperature AA6061-TiB2/ZrB2原位金属基复合材料室温干滑动磨损与摩擦特性
IF 0.8 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL Pub Date : 2017-06-26 DOI: 10.1504/IJSURFSE.2017.10005749
A. Mahamani
In-situ synthesis is a process of developing high-performance material with the minimal reinforcement ratio. In this work dry sliding friction and wear behaviour of AA6061 - TiB2/ZrB2 in-situ metal matrix composites are investigated by using pin on disc wear testing machine against high chromium steel counter face at room temperature. The influences of normal load, sliding speed and reinforcement ratio on wear properties are studied. Wear transition maps are generated to establish the scheme of the wear rate and wears transition for a particular sliding condition. Worn-out surface analysis also carried out to study the debris layer formation on the sliding surfaces. Experimental investigation shows that normal load, sliding velocity and reinforcement ratio offer significant influence on wear performance.
原位合成是开发具有最小增强比的高性能材料的过程。本文采用销盘式磨损试验机研究了AA6061-TiB2/ZrB2原位金属基复合材料在室温下对高铬钢表面的干滑动摩擦磨损行为。研究了法向载荷、滑动速度和配筋率对磨损性能的影响。生成磨损过渡图以建立特定滑动条件下的磨损率和磨损过渡的方案。还进行了磨损表面分析,以研究滑动表面上碎屑层的形成。试验研究表明,法向载荷、滑动速度和配筋率对磨损性能有显著影响。
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引用次数: 5
Theoretical investigation of boundary slip on the hydrodynamic lubrication performance in pocketed bearings including cavitation 边界滑移对气穴轴承流体动力润滑性能影响的理论研究
IF 0.8 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL Pub Date : 2017-06-26 DOI: 10.1504/IJSURFSE.2017.084669
M. Muchammad, M. Tauviqirrahman, A. W. Pratomo, J. Jamari, D. Schipper
Boundary slip in bearings is becoming more and more popular to improve the hydrodynamic performance (pressure and shear stress). However, most of previously published works regarding textured bearings neglected the cavitation effect and make their results questionable. The main aim of this paper is to investigate the hydrodynamic performance of slip pocketed bearings considering cavitation by a theoretical approach. Cavitation was of particular interest with respect to pressure generation and shear stress. One main result presented here was that slip over the whole surface could retard the presence of cavitation and therefore the generated pressure and shear stress could be optimal. The work presented here leads to a design reference guideline that could be used by the designer/engineer to design slip pocketed bearings for improving the hydrodynamic performance.
轴承中的边界滑动越来越普遍,以提高流体动力学性能(压力和剪切应力)。然而,大多数先前发表的关于纹理轴承的工作忽略了空化效应,并使其结果值得怀疑。本文的主要目的是通过理论方法研究考虑空化的滑动轴承的水动力性能。空化在压力产生和剪切应力方面特别令人感兴趣。这里给出的一个主要结果是,在整个表面上的滑动可以延缓空化的存在,因此产生的压力和剪切应力可以是最佳的。本文介绍的工作提供了一个设计参考指南,设计师/工程师可以使用该指南来设计滑动轴承,以提高流体动力学性能。
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引用次数: 3
Experimental investigation on erosion performance and wear factors of custom 450 steel as the first row blade material of an axial compressor 轴流压缩机第一排叶片材料450钢冲蚀性能及磨损因素的试验研究
IF 0.8 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL Pub Date : 2017-06-26 DOI: 10.1504/IJSURFSE.2017.10005750
E. Poursaeidi, A. M. Niaei, M. Arablu, A. Salarvand
A first-stage blade of an axial compressor was fractured after 30,895 hours of operation due to existence of pits and micro-cracks, which were created by erosion and poor corrosion mechanisms. In this research, erosion of the blade material is tested under simulated conditions of the real blade. Abrasive particles impingement angles of 90° and 54° are tested to predict the erosion characteristics on the blade. The predicted blade erosion is validated using the data taken from on-site blades. The eroded specimens are examined by scanning electron microscopy, and wavelength- and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. According to the observations, although the 90° impingements make more pits than 54° impingements, the latter creates longer and more critical pits than the former. Furthermore, the results show that the erosion in the on-site blades is strong enough to assist the formation of severe pits on them which eliminates the crack initiation time.
某轴流压气机一级叶片在运行30,895小时后发生断裂,原因是由于侵蚀和腐蚀机制不佳造成的凹坑和微裂纹。在本研究中,在真实叶片的模拟条件下,对叶片材料的侵蚀进行了测试。通过磨料颗粒90°和54°的冲击角测试,预测了叶片的冲蚀特性。使用现场叶片的数据验证了预测的叶片侵蚀。利用扫描电子显微镜、波长和能量色散x射线光谱学对侵蚀试样进行了检测。观察结果表明,90°撞击产生的凹坑比54°撞击产生的凹坑要多,但后者产生的凹坑比前者更长、更严重。此外,研究结果表明,现场叶片的侵蚀强度足以在叶片上形成严重的凹坑,从而消除了裂纹起裂时间。
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引用次数: 10
Microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of laser surface melted EN353 low carbon low alloy steel 激光表面熔化EN353低碳低合金钢的组织、力学性能和耐蚀性
IF 0.8 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL Pub Date : 2017-06-26 DOI: 10.1504/IJSURFSE.2017.10005740
N. Sivanandham, A. Rajadurai, S. M. Shariff, J. Senthilselvan, A. Mahalingam
The efficacy of laser surface modification of EN353 low carbon low alloy steel is studied and discussed. The high power diode laser (HPDL) treated layers were characterised by means of high resolution scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM), and X-ray diffractometer (XRD). The mechanical properties like hardness, wear and corrosion resistance were studied. The hardness profile of the laser modified cross-sectional layer was determined by using Vickers hardness tester. It was found that the microhardness improved to as high as 493 HV as compared to 215 HV of the substrate material. The laser surface melting by the HPDL resulted of martensite and bainite microstructure in low carbon low alloy steel. XRD phase analysis indicated the formation of martensite, Fe-Mn-C, Fe-Cr-C and M23C6 carbide phases at near surface regions of laser treated samples. The wear resistance of the laser surface melted EN353 steel was also found to be increased. Potentiodynamic electrochemical corrosion method revealed an improved corrosion resistance in the laser treated layers.
对激光表面改性EN353低碳低合金钢的效果进行了研究和探讨。采用高分辨率扫描电镜(HRSEM)和x射线衍射仪(XRD)对高功率二极管激光(HPDL)处理后的层进行了表征。对其硬度、耐磨性、耐腐蚀性等力学性能进行了研究。采用维氏硬度计测定激光改性截面层的硬度分布。显微硬度由基体材料的215 HV提高到493 HV。HPDL激光表面熔化使低碳低合金钢表面形成马氏体和贝氏体组织。XRD相分析表明,激光处理样品近表面形成马氏体、Fe-Mn-C、Fe-Cr-C和M23C6碳化物相。激光表面熔化后的EN353钢的耐磨性也有所提高。电位动力学电化学腐蚀方法表明,激光处理层的耐蚀性有所提高。
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引用次数: 3
The characterisation of surface treated silica-filled and non-filled polydimethylsiloxane films 表面处理二氧化硅填充和非填充聚二甲基硅氧烷薄膜的表征
IF 0.8 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL Pub Date : 2017-06-26 DOI: 10.1504/IJSURFSE.2017.084659
Michael Joyce, P. D. Fleming, A. Pekarovicova
In this work, various methods to enable tailoring of polydimethylsiloxane film surfaces are implemented and compared to determine their influence on surface energy and roughness. Films were prepared containing various levels of hydrophilic silica filler. Ultraviolet-ozone, and Piranha solution treatments were also implemented and characterised. Lastly, the combination of both silica filler and treatments were utilised and characterised to understand interactive effects. Influence of filler loading, and surface treatment on roughness, and surface energy of films was determined. Regardless of surface treatment, addition of silica significantly influences total surface energy. Addition of silica influenced total surface energy of the films by itself, and in combination with the Piranha and UV-ozone treatments. The lowest surface energy was that of the control Polydimethylsiloxane film 21.5 N/m. The overall highest surface energy achieved was that of the 10% filled 30-minute Piranha solution treated sample, having a surface energy of 44.1 N/m.
在这项工作中,实现了各种方法来剪裁聚二甲基硅氧烷薄膜表面,并进行了比较,以确定它们对表面能和粗糙度的影响。制备了含有不同亲水性二氧化硅填料的薄膜。紫外臭氧和水虎鱼溶液处理也进行了实施和表征。最后,利用和表征了二氧化硅填料和处理的组合来了解相互作用的效果。测定了填料用量和表面处理对薄膜粗糙度和表面能的影响。无论表面处理方式如何,二氧化硅的加入都会显著影响总表面能。二氧化硅的加入对膜的总表面能有影响,同时与水虎鱼和uv -臭氧联合处理对膜的表面能也有影响。聚二甲基硅氧烷膜的表面能最低,为21.5 N/m。总体表面能最高的是10%的水虎鱼溶液处理过的样品,其表面能为44.1 N/m。
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引用次数: 2
Static Wetting Characteristics of Micro-textured Stainless Steel Surfaces under Uniaxial Loading Condition 单轴加载条件下微织构不锈钢表面的静态润湿特性
IF 0.8 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL Pub Date : 2017-06-26 DOI: 10.1504/IJSURFSE.2017.10005752
A. Anand, V. Arumugam, R. Kannan
The wetting behaviour associated with the surface micro asperities is investigated on the groove and pillar textured SS304 solid surface which is widely used in the flight vehicles where the stresses are induced by uniaxial compressive loads for both positive and negative curvature. By varying the applied load on the groove-textured surfaces in the direction perpendicular to grooves, the positive curvature shows a decrease in static contact angle initially then increases for further increase in deflection; however, the negative curvature induced by the same applied load shows an opposite trend. At the same time, in the pillar-textured surface, the static contact angle decreases with increase in applied load for the positive curvature and the same wetting parameter shows an opposite trend for the negative curvature. This phenomenon is mainly attributed to the pinning behaviour of the three phase contact line of the liquid drop on these two surfaces.
在飞行器中广泛使用的单轴正曲率和负曲率压缩载荷诱导应力的槽状和柱状织构SS304固体表面上,研究了与表面微凸起相关的润湿行为。在垂直于沟槽的方向上,通过改变施加在沟槽纹理表面上的载荷,正曲率表现为静态接触角最初减小,然后随着挠度的进一步增加而增加;然而,同样的荷载引起的负曲率呈现相反的趋势。同时,在柱状织构表面,对于正曲率,静态接触角随着外加载荷的增加而减小,对于负曲率,相同的润湿参数呈现相反的趋势。这种现象主要是由于液滴在这两个表面上的三相接触线的钉住行为。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
International Journal of Surface Science and Engineering
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