Pub Date : 2018-04-18DOI: 10.1504/IJSURFSE.2018.10012322
F. Ancio, A. J. Gámez, M. Marcos
Surface quality is an essential requisite in the manufacturing industry. In order to perform an in-depth study into the mechanisms that govern the formation of this surface, all factors involved in the machining process must be ascertained. The resulting surface after turning (real surface) is studied as the superposition of multiple surfaces. A first surface, (tool surface), is generated from the geometry of the tool and machining parameters. A second surface (vibration surface) is generated from the vibration of the tool. Finally, a third surface (other-factors surface) is taken as the joint result of fracture of material, elastic recoveries, plastic deformations, hardness, kinematic, deposits and/or adhesions of material and/or tool wear. The comparison of these four surfaces enables this objective to be reached. A new parameter denominated dispersion is defined. Principal component analysis (PCA) is used in the definition of this parameter.
{"title":"Superficial alterations in the generation of a 3D surface. The case of machining by turning. Application of principal component analysis to the study of the various factors involved","authors":"F. Ancio, A. J. Gámez, M. Marcos","doi":"10.1504/IJSURFSE.2018.10012322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJSURFSE.2018.10012322","url":null,"abstract":"Surface quality is an essential requisite in the manufacturing industry. In order to perform an in-depth study into the mechanisms that govern the formation of this surface, all factors involved in the machining process must be ascertained. The resulting surface after turning (real surface) is studied as the superposition of multiple surfaces. A first surface, (tool surface), is generated from the geometry of the tool and machining parameters. A second surface (vibration surface) is generated from the vibration of the tool. Finally, a third surface (other-factors surface) is taken as the joint result of fracture of material, elastic recoveries, plastic deformations, hardness, kinematic, deposits and/or adhesions of material and/or tool wear. The comparison of these four surfaces enables this objective to be reached. A new parameter denominated dispersion is defined. Principal component analysis (PCA) is used in the definition of this parameter.","PeriodicalId":14460,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Surface Science and Engineering","volume":"12 1","pages":"77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2018-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48838239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-18DOI: 10.1504/IJSURFSE.2018.10012333
I. Shareef, Omar Castiblanco
This paper deals with two case studies demonstrating the combined use of white light interferometry and MountainsMap® software to: 1) accurately measure indentation diameters on race elements with an accuracy of a 1/100th of a micrometer and to examine static load capacity of bearings compared to the industry standard. In this case study, static load capacity of the ball bearings was shown to be 31% lower than that specified by ISO and ANSI/ABMA bearing standards; 2) characterise machined surfaces with 2D and 3D parameters, with the goal of producing optimal surface finish on orthotic knee joints used by Cerebral Palsy patients. In this case study, 2D roughness parameters Ra, Rq, Rp, Rz, and 3D roughness parameters Sa, Sq, Sp, Sz, were improved by 34%, 31%, 8%, 20%, and 36%, 33%, 6%, 6% respectively. Both case studies demonstrate the significance of modern topography techniques in enhancing the measurement accuracy of surface characteristics.
{"title":"White light interferometry and MountainsMap® - case studies in static load capacity of bearings and surface finish optimisation of orthotic knee joints","authors":"I. Shareef, Omar Castiblanco","doi":"10.1504/IJSURFSE.2018.10012333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJSURFSE.2018.10012333","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with two case studies demonstrating the combined use of white light interferometry and MountainsMap® software to: 1) accurately measure indentation diameters on race elements with an accuracy of a 1/100th of a micrometer and to examine static load capacity of bearings compared to the industry standard. In this case study, static load capacity of the ball bearings was shown to be 31% lower than that specified by ISO and ANSI/ABMA bearing standards; 2) characterise machined surfaces with 2D and 3D parameters, with the goal of producing optimal surface finish on orthotic knee joints used by Cerebral Palsy patients. In this case study, 2D roughness parameters Ra, Rq, Rp, Rz, and 3D roughness parameters Sa, Sq, Sp, Sz, were improved by 34%, 31%, 8%, 20%, and 36%, 33%, 6%, 6% respectively. Both case studies demonstrate the significance of modern topography techniques in enhancing the measurement accuracy of surface characteristics.","PeriodicalId":14460,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Surface Science and Engineering","volume":"12 1","pages":"137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2018-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44608379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-18DOI: 10.1504/IJSURFSE.2018.10012326
T. Trzepieciński, W. Bochnowski, L. Witek
The aim of the research described in this paper is to analyse the evolution of the main surface parameters values and friction coefficient value due to the sheet deformation. Frictional properties of the deep-drawing quality steel sheets were investigated using the strip drawing test under both dry and lubricated conditions. An increase in the plastic deformation of sheets in the range of true strain between 0 to 0.28 caused an increase in the value of amplitude roughness parameters Ra, Rp, Rt, measured along the rolling direction of the sheet metal and perpendicular to this direction. The character of frictional phenomena of the deformed sheets is a complex function of sheet directional topography, formed by pre-straining and strain-hardening phenomena. It was also found that owing to the strain-hardening phenomenon the micro-hardness of the sheet increased with the sheet deformation. However, this relation was near linear.
{"title":"Variation of surface roughness, micro-hardness and friction behaviour during sheet-metal forming","authors":"T. Trzepieciński, W. Bochnowski, L. Witek","doi":"10.1504/IJSURFSE.2018.10012326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJSURFSE.2018.10012326","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the research described in this paper is to analyse the evolution of the main surface parameters values and friction coefficient value due to the sheet deformation. Frictional properties of the deep-drawing quality steel sheets were investigated using the strip drawing test under both dry and lubricated conditions. An increase in the plastic deformation of sheets in the range of true strain between 0 to 0.28 caused an increase in the value of amplitude roughness parameters Ra, Rp, Rt, measured along the rolling direction of the sheet metal and perpendicular to this direction. The character of frictional phenomena of the deformed sheets is a complex function of sheet directional topography, formed by pre-straining and strain-hardening phenomena. It was also found that owing to the strain-hardening phenomenon the micro-hardness of the sheet increased with the sheet deformation. However, this relation was near linear.","PeriodicalId":14460,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Surface Science and Engineering","volume":"12 1","pages":"119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2018-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44826684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-18DOI: 10.1504/IJSURFSE.2018.10012334
R. J. D. Oliveira, R. Siqueira, M. Lima
Low alloy SAE 4130 steel had been laser hardened for the microstructure, hardness and wear characterisation. An almost fully martensitic layer, with case depth of approximately 0.5 mm, was obtained by defocusing a fibre laser by 50 mm. The best results were produced by 600 W laser powers, a beam defocusing of 50 mm and a speed of 8 or 10 mm/s, where a maximum hardness of 390 HV was obtained compared to 220 HV of the base material. The laser treated surfaces presented a combination of oxides and wear behaviour distinctly superior to the bare surface. The coefficients of friction (COF) of the lasered surfaces were approximately half of the bare condition. The average COF maximum value and standard deviation was superior for the bare compared to the lasered conditions. Finally, the wear rate is three times larger in the unlasered sample compared to the laser treated ones.
{"title":"Microstructure and wear behaviour of laser hardened SAE 4130 steels","authors":"R. J. D. Oliveira, R. Siqueira, M. Lima","doi":"10.1504/IJSURFSE.2018.10012334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJSURFSE.2018.10012334","url":null,"abstract":"Low alloy SAE 4130 steel had been laser hardened for the microstructure, hardness and wear characterisation. An almost fully martensitic layer, with case depth of approximately 0.5 mm, was obtained by defocusing a fibre laser by 50 mm. The best results were produced by 600 W laser powers, a beam defocusing of 50 mm and a speed of 8 or 10 mm/s, where a maximum hardness of 390 HV was obtained compared to 220 HV of the base material. The laser treated surfaces presented a combination of oxides and wear behaviour distinctly superior to the bare surface. The coefficients of friction (COF) of the lasered surfaces were approximately half of the bare condition. The average COF maximum value and standard deviation was superior for the bare compared to the lasered conditions. Finally, the wear rate is three times larger in the unlasered sample compared to the laser treated ones.","PeriodicalId":14460,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Surface Science and Engineering","volume":"12 1","pages":"161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2018-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43318524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-02-28DOI: 10.1504/IJSURFSE.2018.090053
L. Phume, A. Popoola, V. Aigbodion, S. Pityana
Ti-6Al-4V alloy biomaterials have low hardness, wear resistance, high corrosion rate and toxicity as results of release of aluminium and vanadium ions that led to the premature failure of the implant. In order to overcome some of these problems, laser cladding of Ti6Al4V alloy with Niobium was conducted. Three laser parameters (laser power, beam diameter and laser scan speed) were used to ascertain the proper operating condition for this laser process. Rofin Nd: yag laser was used in the laser cladding. The electrochemical study was conducted using Hank's buffered salt solution an environment similar to the human body. The optimum improvement in corrosion resistance resulted to 81.79% when compared with substrate. It has been established that operating parameter for laser cladding of Nb on Ti6Al4V were obtained at: laser power (1,000 W), beam diameter (1 mm) and scan speed (0.3 m/min).
{"title":"In-situ formation, anti-corrosion and hardness values of Ti-6Al-4V biomaterial with niobium via laser deposition","authors":"L. Phume, A. Popoola, V. Aigbodion, S. Pityana","doi":"10.1504/IJSURFSE.2018.090053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJSURFSE.2018.090053","url":null,"abstract":"Ti-6Al-4V alloy biomaterials have low hardness, wear resistance, high corrosion rate and toxicity as results of release of aluminium and vanadium ions that led to the premature failure of the implant. In order to overcome some of these problems, laser cladding of Ti6Al4V alloy with Niobium was conducted. Three laser parameters (laser power, beam diameter and laser scan speed) were used to ascertain the proper operating condition for this laser process. Rofin Nd: yag laser was used in the laser cladding. The electrochemical study was conducted using Hank's buffered salt solution an environment similar to the human body. The optimum improvement in corrosion resistance resulted to 81.79% when compared with substrate. It has been established that operating parameter for laser cladding of Nb on Ti6Al4V were obtained at: laser power (1,000 W), beam diameter (1 mm) and scan speed (0.3 m/min).","PeriodicalId":14460,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Surface Science and Engineering","volume":"12 1","pages":"23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2018-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJSURFSE.2018.090053","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49469184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-02-28DOI: 10.1504/ijsurfse.2018.10011253
B. Altıokka, A. Yıldırım
Thin films of CdO were deposited onto indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass substrates using electrodeposition method. The pH of the final solutions was adjusted from 4 to 8 and effects of pH on the films were investigated. The maximum film thickness was reached at pH 5 and XRD studies showed that this film had relatively high peak intensities. Optical studies showed that band gap varies between 2.04 and 2.41 eV and depend on pH. The surface morphologies were analysed by SEM images and they revealed that films were deposited compact and there were no voids, cracks or pinholes.
{"title":"Effects of pH on CdO films deposited onto ITO coated glass substrates by electrodeposition","authors":"B. Altıokka, A. Yıldırım","doi":"10.1504/ijsurfse.2018.10011253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijsurfse.2018.10011253","url":null,"abstract":"Thin films of CdO were deposited onto indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass substrates using electrodeposition method. The pH of the final solutions was adjusted from 4 to 8 and effects of pH on the films were investigated. The maximum film thickness was reached at pH 5 and XRD studies showed that this film had relatively high peak intensities. Optical studies showed that band gap varies between 2.04 and 2.41 eV and depend on pH. The surface morphologies were analysed by SEM images and they revealed that films were deposited compact and there were no voids, cracks or pinholes.","PeriodicalId":14460,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Surface Science and Engineering","volume":"12 1","pages":"13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2018-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41866641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-02-28DOI: 10.1504/IJSURFSE.2018.10011258
A. Mannan, M. Sabri, M. Kalam, M. Hassan
In this study, the tribological properties of ta-C DLC were largely influenced by the counter surfaces and additives. The DLC/DLC contact showed approximately 60% lower wear when tested with additivated oil compared to that of base oil and this result was 66% in steel/DLC contact. Friction coefficient in DLC/DLC contact was lower than in steel/DLC contact under both oils. But however, both contacts showed slightly higher friction coefficient under additivated oil compared to that of base oil. In steel/DLC, the thermo-chemical reaction between carbon and iron and/or the fusion of the transferred particles were prevented by additives which were present under base oil. The fracture found on DLC surface in steel/DLC contact under additivated oil indicates that the tribolayer formed on the steel surface would be of brittle nature. The passivation of surfaces in DLC/DLC contact by additives prevented the damage which was observed under base oil.
{"title":"Tribological performance of DLC/DLC and steel/DLC contacts in the presence of additivated oil","authors":"A. Mannan, M. Sabri, M. Kalam, M. Hassan","doi":"10.1504/IJSURFSE.2018.10011258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJSURFSE.2018.10011258","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the tribological properties of ta-C DLC were largely influenced by the counter surfaces and additives. The DLC/DLC contact showed approximately 60% lower wear when tested with additivated oil compared to that of base oil and this result was 66% in steel/DLC contact. Friction coefficient in DLC/DLC contact was lower than in steel/DLC contact under both oils. But however, both contacts showed slightly higher friction coefficient under additivated oil compared to that of base oil. In steel/DLC, the thermo-chemical reaction between carbon and iron and/or the fusion of the transferred particles were prevented by additives which were present under base oil. The fracture found on DLC surface in steel/DLC contact under additivated oil indicates that the tribolayer formed on the steel surface would be of brittle nature. The passivation of surfaces in DLC/DLC contact by additives prevented the damage which was observed under base oil.","PeriodicalId":14460,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Surface Science and Engineering","volume":"12 1","pages":"60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2018-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44799007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-05DOI: 10.1504/ijsurfse.2017.10010022
Maurici Sivatte-Adroer, I. Buj-Corral, Xavier Llanas-Parra
In present study, three roughness parameters defined in the Abbott-Firestone or bearing area curve, Rk, Rpk and Rvk, were modelled for rough honing processes by means of artificial neural networks (ANN). Input variables were grain size and density of abrasive, pressure of abrasive stones on the workpiece's surface, tangential or rotation speed of the workpiece and linear speed of the honing head. Two strategies were considered, either use of one network for modelling the three parameters at the same time or use of three networks, one for each parameter. Overall best neural network consists of three networks, one for each roughness parameter, with one hidden layer having 25, nine and five neurons for Rk, Rpk and Rvk respectively. However, use of one network for the three roughness parameters would allow addressing an indirect model. In this case, best solution corresponds to two hidden layers having 26 and 11 neurons.
{"title":"Neural network modelling of Abbott-Firestone roughness parameters in honing processes","authors":"Maurici Sivatte-Adroer, I. Buj-Corral, Xavier Llanas-Parra","doi":"10.1504/ijsurfse.2017.10010022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijsurfse.2017.10010022","url":null,"abstract":"In present study, three roughness parameters defined in the Abbott-Firestone or bearing area curve, Rk, Rpk and Rvk, were modelled for rough honing processes by means of artificial neural networks (ANN). Input variables were grain size and density of abrasive, pressure of abrasive stones on the workpiece's surface, tangential or rotation speed of the workpiece and linear speed of the honing head. Two strategies were considered, either use of one network for modelling the three parameters at the same time or use of three networks, one for each parameter. Overall best neural network consists of three networks, one for each roughness parameter, with one hidden layer having 25, nine and five neurons for Rk, Rpk and Rvk respectively. However, use of one network for the three roughness parameters would allow addressing an indirect model. In this case, best solution corresponds to two hidden layers having 26 and 11 neurons.","PeriodicalId":14460,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Surface Science and Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2018-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48443001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-29DOI: 10.1504/IJSURFSE.2017.088973
I. B. Corral, Xavier Parra, Mauricio Sivatte Adroer
In present study, three roughness parameters defined in the Abbott-Firestone or bearing area curve, Rk, Rpk and Rvk, were modelled for rough honing processes by means of artificial neural networks (ANN). Input variables were grain size and density of abrasive, pressure of abrasive stones on the workpiece's surface, tangential or rotation speed of the workpiece and linear speed of the honing head. Two strategies were considered, either use of one network for modelling the three parameters at the same time or use of three networks, one for each parameter. Overall best neural network consists of three networks, one for each roughness parameter, with one hidden layer having 25, nine and five neurons for Rk, Rpk and Rvk respectively. However, use of one network for the three roughness parameters would allow addressing an indirect model. In this case, best solution corresponds to two hidden layers having 26 and 11 neurons.
{"title":"Neural network modelling of Abbott-Firestone roughness parameters in honing processes","authors":"I. B. Corral, Xavier Parra, Mauricio Sivatte Adroer","doi":"10.1504/IJSURFSE.2017.088973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJSURFSE.2017.088973","url":null,"abstract":"In present study, three roughness parameters defined in the Abbott-Firestone or bearing area curve, Rk, Rpk and Rvk, were modelled for rough honing processes by means of artificial neural networks (ANN). Input variables were grain size and density of abrasive, pressure of abrasive stones on the workpiece's surface, tangential or rotation speed of the workpiece and linear speed of the honing head. Two strategies were considered, either use of one network for modelling the three parameters at the same time or use of three networks, one for each parameter. Overall best neural network consists of three networks, one for each roughness parameter, with one hidden layer having 25, nine and five neurons for Rk, Rpk and Rvk respectively. However, use of one network for the three roughness parameters would allow addressing an indirect model. In this case, best solution corresponds to two hidden layers having 26 and 11 neurons.","PeriodicalId":14460,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Surface Science and Engineering","volume":"11 1","pages":"512-530"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2017-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJSURFSE.2017.088973","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44423145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-26DOI: 10.1504/IJSURFSE.2017.10009221
T. K. Kandavel, T. Panneerselvam, V. Mohan
Wear is a common property exhibited when two materials rub against each other. The present research work aims to investigate the influence of chromium (Cr) on wear characteristics of powder metallurgy (P/M) plain carbon steel (Fe-0.5%C) and to find optimal parameters for minimum wear loss and frictional coefficient of the P/M alloy steels. The sintered-forged plain carbon steel and with addition of 1% and 2%Cr P/M alloy steels were made into cylindrical pins to conduct wear tests as per the standard. The Design Expert (DE) software was used for conducting the dry sliding wear tests. Addition of Cr reduces the mass loss due to the formation of chromium carbides embedded in the ferrite grain matrix in the microstructure. The optimum working parameters found for the minimum mass loss and coefficient of friction from the Taguchi-grey relational analysis are 50 N load and 113.5 rpm speed irrespective of the alloy steels.
{"title":"Experimental investigation on wear characteristics of sintered Fe-C-Cr low alloy steels","authors":"T. K. Kandavel, T. Panneerselvam, V. Mohan","doi":"10.1504/IJSURFSE.2017.10009221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJSURFSE.2017.10009221","url":null,"abstract":"Wear is a common property exhibited when two materials rub against each other. The present research work aims to investigate the influence of chromium (Cr) on wear characteristics of powder metallurgy (P/M) plain carbon steel (Fe-0.5%C) and to find optimal parameters for minimum wear loss and frictional coefficient of the P/M alloy steels. The sintered-forged plain carbon steel and with addition of 1% and 2%Cr P/M alloy steels were made into cylindrical pins to conduct wear tests as per the standard. The Design Expert (DE) software was used for conducting the dry sliding wear tests. Addition of Cr reduces the mass loss due to the formation of chromium carbides embedded in the ferrite grain matrix in the microstructure. The optimum working parameters found for the minimum mass loss and coefficient of friction from the Taguchi-grey relational analysis are 50 N load and 113.5 rpm speed irrespective of the alloy steels.","PeriodicalId":14460,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Surface Science and Engineering","volume":"11 1","pages":"381"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2017-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48744772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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