Pub Date : 2023-12-29DOI: 10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1850
Lina S. Mahdi, L. S. Ahmed, Parizan W. Ibrahim, Gulstan H. Radha
This study was aimed to assess the impact of genetic groups (comprising three distinct lines of Kurdish quails, which are desert, brown, and white), graded levels of L-carnitine and their interaction on the performance of growth traits and blood parameters. For this purpose, the same basic diet was given to 480 Kurdish quail chicks one day old, which was then supplemented for two to seven weeks of age with 0 (control), 150, 350, or 550 mg of L-carnitine per kg of diet. The statistical analysis showed that the lines, L-carnitine supplementation, and their interaction had a significant (p≤0.01) impact on the Kurdish quail's blood parameters, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, body weight, and body weight gain. The desert lines exhibited significantly higher growth performance values in all weeks. Furthermore, supplementation with 350 and 550 mg/kg L-carnitine throughout the experimental period significantly improved these characteristics compared to the control group, with the other experimental treatment (150 mg L-carnitine/kg diet) having the highest values. As well as for the interacted groups, the desert lines with diet of 350 mg/kg L-carnitine had significant influence on body weight, and weight gain. On the other hand, the white lines with a diet of 350 mg/kg L-carnitine showed significantly (P≤0.01) better feed intake and better feed conversion ratio than all other treatments in the same period. It was concluded that L-carnitine supplementation at 350 and 550 mg/kg was sufficient to improve growth characteristics and blood parameters in Kurdish quail lines.
{"title":"EFFICIENCY OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF L-CARNITINE SUPPLEMENTATION ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND BLOOD PARAMETERS IN THREE LINES OF KURDISH QUAILS (COTURNIX COTURNIX)","authors":"Lina S. Mahdi, L. S. Ahmed, Parizan W. Ibrahim, Gulstan H. Radha","doi":"10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1850","url":null,"abstract":"This study was aimed to assess the impact of genetic groups (comprising three distinct lines of Kurdish quails, which are desert, brown, and white), graded levels of L-carnitine and their interaction on the performance of growth traits and blood parameters. For this purpose, the same basic diet was given to 480 Kurdish quail chicks one day old, which was then supplemented for two to seven weeks of age with 0 (control), 150, 350, or 550 mg of L-carnitine per kg of diet. The statistical analysis showed that the lines, L-carnitine supplementation, and their interaction had a significant (p≤0.01) impact on the Kurdish quail's blood parameters, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, body weight, and body weight gain. The desert lines exhibited significantly higher growth performance values in all weeks. Furthermore, supplementation with 350 and 550 mg/kg L-carnitine throughout the experimental period significantly improved these characteristics compared to the control group, with the other experimental treatment (150 mg L-carnitine/kg diet) having the highest values. As well as for the interacted groups, the desert lines with diet of 350 mg/kg L-carnitine had significant influence on body weight, and weight gain. On the other hand, the white lines with a diet of 350 mg/kg L-carnitine showed significantly (P≤0.01) better feed intake and better feed conversion ratio than all other treatments in the same period. It was concluded that L-carnitine supplementation at 350 and 550 mg/kg was sufficient to improve growth characteristics and blood parameters in Kurdish quail lines.","PeriodicalId":14562,"journal":{"name":"IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES","volume":" 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139142419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-29DOI: 10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1877
Mohammed A. Hussain Researcher Prof, Dept, Horticulture Dept, Field Crop
This study was aimed to investigate combining ability and genetic parameters in summer squash (cucurbita pepo L.). Eight inbred lines of summer squash were crossed in line x tester method in summer season 2020. The parental lines (3 tester and 5 lines) and their off springs (15 hybrids) were planted out in the summer season 2021 at vegetable field, Horticulture Department, College of Agricultural Engineering Science, Duhok University. The experiment lay out using randomized complete block design with three replications. The results indicated that the mean square for genotypes were highly significant effect for tester , line and line x tester in all studied traits. The Tester LBL2 and line PEP1670 were the best combiner for days to 50% female flowering, number of fruit plant-1 and yield kg plant-1. The crosses (LBL2 X N33133) and (LES3 X CNS2881) exhibited significant positive effect of specific combining ability for fruit length cm, number of fruit plant-1 and yield plant-1. The heritability in broad sense were higher than narrow sense heritability for all studied traits ranged between 93% for days to 50% female flowering to 40% for fruit weight. The average degree of dominance less than one in all traits except days to 50% female flowering and fruit length.
本研究旨在调查夏南瓜（cucurbita pepo L.）的结合能力和遗传参数。2020 年夏季，采用品系 x 测交法对 8 个夏南瓜近交系进行了杂交。2021 年夏季，在杜霍克大学农业工程科学学院园艺系菜地种植了亲本品系（3 个测试品系和 5 个品系）及其后代（15 个杂交种）。试验采用随机完全区组设计，三次重复。结果表明，基因型的均方差对测试者、品系和品系 x 测试者在所有研究性状上的影响都非常显著。试验者 LBL2 和品系 PEP1670 在 50%雌花着花天数、单株果数-1 和单株产量公斤-1 方面是最佳组合。杂交种（LBL2 X N33133）和（LES3 X CNS2881）在果实长度厘米、植株单果数-1 和植株单产方面表现出显著的特异结合能力正效应。在所有研究的性状中，广义遗传力均高于狭义遗传力，广义遗传力介于雌花至 50% 花期的 93% 与果重的 40% 之间。除雌花达 50%的天数和果实长度外，所有性状的平均优势度均小于 1。
{"title":"COMBINING ABILITY AND GENETIC PARAMETERS FOR YIELD AND ITS COMPONENETS USING LINE X TESTER ANALYSIS IN SUMMER SQUASH","authors":"Mohammed A. Hussain Researcher Prof, Dept, Horticulture Dept, Field Crop","doi":"10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1877","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1877","url":null,"abstract":"This study was aimed to investigate combining ability and genetic parameters in summer squash (cucurbita pepo L.). Eight inbred lines of summer squash were crossed in line x tester method in summer season 2020. The parental lines (3 tester and 5 lines) and their off springs (15 hybrids) were planted out in the summer season 2021 at vegetable field, Horticulture Department, College of Agricultural Engineering Science, Duhok University. The experiment lay out using randomized complete block design with three replications. The results indicated that the mean square for genotypes were highly significant effect for tester , line and line x tester in all studied traits. The Tester LBL2 and line PEP1670 were the best combiner for days to 50% female flowering, number of fruit plant-1 and yield kg plant-1. The crosses (LBL2 X N33133) and (LES3 X CNS2881) exhibited significant positive effect of specific combining ability for fruit length cm, number of fruit plant-1 and yield plant-1. The heritability in broad sense were higher than narrow sense heritability for all studied traits ranged between 93% for days to 50% female flowering to 40% for fruit weight. The average degree of dominance less than one in all traits except days to 50% female flowering and fruit length.","PeriodicalId":14562,"journal":{"name":"IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES","volume":" 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139143694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-29DOI: 10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1865
Sama A. Mustafa, A. K. Al-Muttairi, Zahraa H. Obaid, Shaimaa Satae, M. Ali
This study was aimed to find a new, cheap available adsorbent for the removing of Pb from water, using shells of Mollusca (Pomacea canaliculanta). In order to estimate the efficiency of the new adsorbent in removing the heavy metal, batch experiments were achived. At the beginning the best contact time was determined which is equal to 2 hours. then the effect of the initial lead concentrations was studied which demonstrated a direct correlation between the removal efficiency of the adsorbent and the Pb concentration up to 93.98 percent at lead concentration of 60 ppm. After that the effect of adsorbent weight on the removal of the metal was examined which show that 0.75 gm give the best removal efficiency up to 79.08 of the lead initial concentration, as well as the pH value effect on the lead adsorption was evaluated. The results show that the proposed adsorbent has a very good ability for removing the lead, through the whole experiments.
{"title":"USE OF (POMACEA CANALICULANTA) SHELL FOR THE REMOVAL OF LEAD FORM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS","authors":"Sama A. Mustafa, A. K. Al-Muttairi, Zahraa H. Obaid, Shaimaa Satae, M. Ali","doi":"10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1865","url":null,"abstract":"This study was aimed to find a new, cheap available adsorbent for the removing of Pb from water, using shells of Mollusca (Pomacea canaliculanta). In order to estimate the efficiency of the new adsorbent in removing the heavy metal, batch experiments were achived. At the beginning the best contact time was determined which is equal to 2 hours. then the effect of the initial lead concentrations was studied which demonstrated a direct correlation between the removal efficiency of the adsorbent and the Pb concentration up to 93.98 percent at lead concentration of 60 ppm. After that the effect of adsorbent weight on the removal of the metal was examined which show that 0.75 gm give the best removal efficiency up to 79.08 of the lead initial concentration, as well as the pH value effect on the lead adsorption was evaluated. The results show that the proposed adsorbent has a very good ability for removing the lead, through the whole experiments.","PeriodicalId":14562,"journal":{"name":"IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES","volume":"33 S123","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139147026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-29DOI: 10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1868
Heshw wafa, Rashid Ali, Ali Muhi, Aldeen Omar Aljabary
This study was conducted on the Salakhani pomegranate fruit, to study the impact of coating with (0.5 and 1) % flaxseed, (0.5 and 1)% black seed oil, and (0.5 and 1)% chitosan plus control treatment and with five storage periods. The fruits were harvested at full ripening stage on 2/11/2020 from a private orchard. The fruits were divided into groups according to the concentrations of flaxseed oil, black seed oil, and chitosan, as well as the control treatment and storage periods. Fruits were dried well after the coating process and placed in special boxes (carton boxes), the fruits were stored for five storage periods at a temperature of 5±1°C and with 85-90% relative humidity. The factorial experiment within the complete randomized design was used with three replicates. Coating fruits with flaxseed oil at 0.5% and 1% while black seed oil and chitosan at 1% had an effect in reducing the weight loss of fruits during storage. All coated treatments caused to significantly maintain the visual evaluation quality, and decrease the chilling injury of fruits, also increased the total soluble solid, total sugars and anthocyanin in juice content than the control except for coating 0.5% flaxseed oil. The storage for 4 months was significantly superior to the percentage of total sugars, the content of anthocyanin, maintained the visual evaluation quality and decreased the chilling injury of fruits.
{"title":"MAINTENANCE OF POMEGRANATE FRUIT QUALITY BY COATING WITH FLAXSEED, BLACK SEED OILS, AND CHITOSAN DURING DIFFERENT STORAGE PERIODS","authors":"Heshw wafa, Rashid Ali, Ali Muhi, Aldeen Omar Aljabary","doi":"10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1868","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1868","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted on the Salakhani pomegranate fruit, to study the impact of coating with (0.5 and 1) % flaxseed, (0.5 and 1)% black seed oil, and (0.5 and 1)% chitosan plus control treatment and with five storage periods. The fruits were harvested at full ripening stage on 2/11/2020 from a private orchard. The fruits were divided into groups according to the concentrations of flaxseed oil, black seed oil, and chitosan, as well as the control treatment and storage periods. Fruits were dried well after the coating process and placed in special boxes (carton boxes), the fruits were stored for five storage periods at a temperature of 5±1°C and with 85-90% relative humidity. The factorial experiment within the complete randomized design was used with three replicates. Coating fruits with flaxseed oil at 0.5% and 1% while black seed oil and chitosan at 1% had an effect in reducing the weight loss of fruits during storage. All coated treatments caused to significantly maintain the visual evaluation quality, and decrease the chilling injury of fruits, also increased the total soluble solid, total sugars and anthocyanin in juice content than the control except for coating 0.5% flaxseed oil. The storage for 4 months was significantly superior to the percentage of total sugars, the content of anthocyanin, maintained the visual evaluation quality and decreased the chilling injury of fruits.","PeriodicalId":14562,"journal":{"name":"IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES","volume":" 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139142944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-29DOI: 10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1871
K. G. Saaseea, N. J. K. A. R. Prof, Direct, of Agric, Dept. Hort, Coll Landscape Gardening, of Agric, Eng, Sci
The experiment was conducted using Potato( Solanum tuberosum L.) at the eastern Radwaniyah at private field during fall season 2020/2021 and spring 2021 to study the effect of nitrogen levels to 350, 275, 200 kg N h-1 ( N1, N2, N3) and phosphorous to 100, 180, 360 kg P2O5 h-1 ( P1, P2, P3) and potassium to 100, 200, 300 kg K2O h-1 ( K1, K2, K3) to vegetative growth and yield of industrial potato, The seeds of the hybrid potato Sinora, Class A, were planted in the fall season on 15/9/2020 and Elite in the spring season on 31/1/2021. The experimental fertilizers were added in four batches and in proportions according to the stages of plant age, Factorial experiment with RCBD using three replications. The results showed that changing the levels of the elements used to N3, P3, K3 led to a significant increases in most traits of vegetative growth for both seasons, while the change of phosphorous and potassium levels to P2 and K3 had a significant effect on the quantitative and qualitative yield for both seasons. The N1P2K3 interaction gave the highest marketable tuber weight, marketable yield plant-1, total yield for the fall and spring seasons, and the highest percentage of dry matter in tubers in the fall season.
{"title":"EFFECT OF NITROGEN, PHOSPHOROUS AND POTASSIUM LEVELS ON THE PRODUCTIVITY OF INDUSTRIAL POTATOES","authors":"K. G. Saaseea, N. J. K. A. R. Prof, Direct, of Agric, Dept. Hort, Coll Landscape Gardening, of Agric, Eng, Sci","doi":"10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1871","url":null,"abstract":"The experiment was conducted using Potato( Solanum tuberosum L.) at the eastern Radwaniyah at private field during fall season 2020/2021 and spring 2021 to study the effect of nitrogen levels to 350, 275, 200 kg N h-1 ( N1, N2, N3) and phosphorous to 100, 180, 360 kg P2O5 h-1 ( P1, P2, P3) and potassium to 100, 200, 300 kg K2O h-1 ( K1, K2, K3) to vegetative growth and yield of industrial potato, The seeds of the hybrid potato Sinora, Class A, were planted in the fall season on 15/9/2020 and Elite in the spring season on 31/1/2021. The experimental fertilizers were added in four batches and in proportions according to the stages of plant age, Factorial experiment with RCBD using three replications. The results showed that changing the levels of the elements used to N3, P3, K3 led to a significant increases in most traits of vegetative growth for both seasons, while the change of phosphorous and potassium levels to P2 and K3 had a significant effect on the quantitative and qualitative yield for both seasons. The N1P2K3 interaction gave the highest marketable tuber weight, marketable yield plant-1, total yield for the fall and spring seasons, and the highest percentage of dry matter in tubers in the fall season.","PeriodicalId":14562,"journal":{"name":"IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139147067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-29DOI: 10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1876
K.I.Hassan
The better approach to control the contamination of food by aflatoxin (AF), is identifying the fungal strains responsible for producing that toxin. To estimate the presence of aflatoxigenic fungi growth and AFs in pistachios, thirty two pistachios samples (8 fresh and 24 salt roasted) were collected from Sulaimani markets (Iraq).Rapid screening method for AFs production were utilized initially based on culture methods, the positive samples confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) that were applied using DNA extracted from the isolates of A. flavus targeting the genes (afR, aflP, aflD, and aflQ). For determination of AF production of those isolates, ELISA technique was applied. The results show, contamination of 20 (62.5%) samples of pistachios with fungi, among them A. flavus was the predominant. Ten (71.4% (of the A. flavus isolates were amplified the target genes by applying PCR, indicating their ability to produce AFs. Application of ELISA technique revealed AFs detection in 21(65.6%) samples of pistachios. The mean levels of AFs determined were 6.06 and 12.08 μg/kg in fresh and salt roasted samples respectively. 19 (59.4%) of pistachio samples were exceed the maximum allowable limit set by the European union of total AFs concentration .Strong correlation obtained between AFs gene expression with AFs production. However, to avoid false negative and false positive results, applying more than one diagnostic molecular technique were suggested.
{"title":"MOLECULAR TECHNIQUES FOR DETECTION OF AFLATOXIGENIC ASPERGILLUS FLAVUS AND DETERMINE THEIR AFLATOXIN IN PISTACHIOS.","authors":"K.I.Hassan","doi":"10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1876","url":null,"abstract":"The better approach to control the contamination of food by aflatoxin (AF), is identifying the fungal strains responsible for producing that toxin. To estimate the presence of aflatoxigenic fungi growth and AFs in pistachios, thirty two pistachios samples (8 fresh and 24 salt roasted) were collected from Sulaimani markets (Iraq).Rapid screening method for AFs production were utilized initially based on culture methods, the positive samples confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) that were applied using DNA extracted from the isolates of A. flavus targeting the genes (afR, aflP, aflD, and aflQ). For determination of AF production of those isolates, ELISA technique was applied. The results show, contamination of 20 (62.5%) samples of pistachios with fungi, among them A. flavus was the predominant. Ten (71.4% (of the A. flavus isolates were amplified the target genes by applying PCR, indicating their ability to produce AFs. Application of ELISA technique revealed AFs detection in 21(65.6%) samples of pistachios. The mean levels of AFs determined were 6.06 and 12.08 μg/kg in fresh and salt roasted samples respectively. 19 (59.4%) of pistachio samples were exceed the maximum allowable limit set by the European union of total AFs concentration .Strong correlation obtained between AFs gene expression with AFs production. However, to avoid false negative and false positive results, applying more than one diagnostic molecular technique were suggested.","PeriodicalId":14562,"journal":{"name":"IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES","volume":"25 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139147797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-29DOI: 10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1872
M. T. Al-Jubori, F. M. K. AL-Dabbagh, E. W. Al-Ani, Dept. of, Coll. Of, Agric. Engin, University Sci., of Baghdad
This study was aimed to investigat integrated system for in vitro growth of paulownia plants by assessing the efficacy of chlorine dioxide (ClO2) as an alternative to autoclave in sterilizing culture medium. Therefore, this study was devised to compare autoclave sterilization at three different times (5, 10, and 15) minutes and three different concentrations of ClO2 (0, 0.4, 0,8, 1) mg/L. The results showed that, compared with (0.4) mg/L concentration, concentrations of (0.8 and 1) mg/L are more effective at sterilizing the culture medium. ClO2 sterilization improved individual single node growth more than autoclave sterilization. Since ClO2 is non-toxic, it could be used as a safe alternative to autoclave when propagating paulownia in vitro. Culture medium sterilization in the autoclave takes only 5 minutes, compared with the standard 15 minutes. At initiation stage, growing single nodes in the Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) prepared with 0.5 mg/L Benzyl Adenine (BA) resulted in a 100% response rate, while doing the same in the Woody Plant Medium (WPM) resulted in a 20% response rate. The 1 BA + 0 a-Naphthalene Acetic Acid ( NAA) mg/L treatment was effective during vegetative multiplication stage, the highest average number of shoots produced by a plant treated with the mentioned concentration was 6.40 shoot per explant. During the rooting stage, Indole Butyric Acid (IBA) at a concentration of 2 mg/L was more effective than NAA, the typical number of roots produced by with 27.40 root per shoot. After two months in their natural environment, the plants' acclimatization rate was at a perfect 100%.
{"title":"OPTIMIZING MEDIA STERILIZATION VIA CHLORINE DIOXIDE AND AUTOCLAVING OF PAULOWNI MICROPROPAGATION","authors":"M. T. Al-Jubori, F. M. K. AL-Dabbagh, E. W. Al-Ani, Dept. of, Coll. Of, Agric. Engin, University Sci., of Baghdad","doi":"10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1872","url":null,"abstract":"This study was aimed to investigat integrated system for in vitro growth of paulownia plants by assessing the efficacy of chlorine dioxide (ClO2) as an alternative to autoclave in sterilizing culture medium. Therefore, this study was devised to compare autoclave sterilization at three different times (5, 10, and 15) minutes and three different concentrations of ClO2 (0, 0.4, 0,8, 1) mg/L. The results showed that, compared with (0.4) mg/L concentration, concentrations of (0.8 and 1) mg/L are more effective at sterilizing the culture medium. ClO2 sterilization improved individual single node growth more than autoclave sterilization. Since ClO2 is non-toxic, it could be used as a safe alternative to autoclave when propagating paulownia in vitro. Culture medium sterilization in the autoclave takes only 5 minutes, compared with the standard 15 minutes. At initiation stage, growing single nodes in the Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) prepared with 0.5 mg/L Benzyl Adenine (BA) resulted in a 100% response rate, while doing the same in the Woody Plant Medium (WPM) resulted in a 20% response rate. The 1 BA + 0 a-Naphthalene Acetic Acid ( NAA) mg/L treatment was effective during vegetative multiplication stage, the highest average number of shoots produced by a plant treated with the mentioned concentration was 6.40 shoot per explant. During the rooting stage, Indole Butyric Acid (IBA) at a concentration of 2 mg/L was more effective than NAA, the typical number of roots produced by with 27.40 root per shoot. After two months in their natural environment, the plants' acclimatization rate was at a perfect 100%.","PeriodicalId":14562,"journal":{"name":"IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES","volume":" 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139144421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-29DOI: 10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1864
Nouralhuda A. Hussein Khalid, J. K. Luti
The present study was designed to select a suitable isolate of Lactobacillus sp. in order to use it as a probiotic in a toothpaste for the prevention of dental disease. For this purpose, 30 Lactobacillus isolates were collected from different sources and subjected to a screening program to evaluate their antagonism activities against three oral pathogens: Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli and Streptococcus mutans. Eight Lactobacillus isolates were selected from primary screening according to their ability to inhibit the growth of three indicators which then exposed to a secondary screening to detect their ability to produce high amount of bacteriocin. Based on results, the isolate Lactobacillus parabuchneri.Nu14 was selected as a highest bacteriocin producing isolate. Next, several tests were performed to study the properties of Lactobacillus parabuchneri Nu14, in particular its biosafety and its suitability to be a successful probiotic. Results showed that Lactobacillus parabuchneri was resistance to β-lactams group such as penicillin and ampicillin whereas, it was sensitive to amoxicillin-clavulanate. In addition, results revealed that this bacterium was strongly adherent and good biofilm producer, has the ability to survive in pH 2 for 2hr; has the ability of surviving in the presence of 85.2% of lysozyme after 90 min; tolerant to 0.3% of bile salts for 2hr; had high auto-aggregation capability and high ability of adhering with S. mutans. Two toothpaste formulas were selected and optimized to choose the most useful one that can be used in this study. Based on results, L. parabuchneri Nu14 was successfully survive in formula II over 21 days.
{"title":"IN VITRO ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF Lactobacillus parabuchneri NU14 AS A PROBIOTIC","authors":"Nouralhuda A. Hussein Khalid, J. K. Luti","doi":"10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1864","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was designed to select a suitable isolate of Lactobacillus sp. in order to use it as a probiotic in a toothpaste for the prevention of dental disease. For this purpose, 30 Lactobacillus isolates were collected from different sources and subjected to a screening program to evaluate their antagonism activities against three oral pathogens: Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli and Streptococcus mutans. Eight Lactobacillus isolates were selected from primary screening according to their ability to inhibit the growth of three indicators which then exposed to a secondary screening to detect their ability to produce high amount of bacteriocin. Based on results, the isolate Lactobacillus parabuchneri.Nu14 was selected as a highest bacteriocin producing isolate. Next, several tests were performed to study the properties of Lactobacillus parabuchneri Nu14, in particular its biosafety and its suitability to be a successful probiotic. Results showed that Lactobacillus parabuchneri was resistance to β-lactams group such as penicillin and ampicillin whereas, it was sensitive to amoxicillin-clavulanate. In addition, results revealed that this bacterium was strongly adherent and good biofilm producer, has the ability to survive in pH 2 for 2hr; has the ability of surviving in the presence of 85.2% of lysozyme after 90 min; tolerant to 0.3% of bile salts for 2hr; had high auto-aggregation capability and high ability of adhering with S. mutans. Two toothpaste formulas were selected and optimized to choose the most useful one that can be used in this study. Based on results, L. parabuchneri Nu14 was successfully survive in formula II over 21 days.","PeriodicalId":14562,"journal":{"name":"IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES","volume":" 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139142313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-29DOI: 10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1859
Sh. H. Kamil, R. F. ALjasani, H. I. ALShammari
This study was conducted to isolate the bacteria Pseudomonase fluorescens from the termite, locust, and American cockroach in the Iraqi environment and to diagnose it based on morphological, biochemical, and molecular diagnosis using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), as well as test its pathogenicity and efficacy to termites under laboratory conditions. The results of morphological , biochemical, and molecular diagnosis using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests showed the isolated bacterial isolates are similar to P. fluorescens .The results of efficiency of different isolates of P. fluorescens showed that they have a high pathogenicity towards termite workers in laboratory and incubation condition.
{"title":"ISOLATION, IDENTEFECATION AND EFFECINCY OF PSEUDOMONAS FLUORESCENS BACTERIA TO TERMITE MICROCEROTERMIS DIVERSUS","authors":"Sh. H. Kamil, R. F. ALjasani, H. I. ALShammari","doi":"10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1859","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to isolate the bacteria Pseudomonase fluorescens from the termite, locust, and American cockroach in the Iraqi environment and to diagnose it based on morphological, biochemical, and molecular diagnosis using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), as well as test its pathogenicity and efficacy to termites under laboratory conditions. The results of morphological , biochemical, and molecular diagnosis using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests showed the isolated bacterial isolates are similar to P. fluorescens .The results of efficiency of different isolates of P. fluorescens showed that they have a high pathogenicity towards termite workers in laboratory and incubation condition.","PeriodicalId":14562,"journal":{"name":"IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES","volume":" 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139142417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-29DOI: 10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1870
U. B. Shaker, I. J. A. Rasool, Researcher Prof
A field experiment was carried out at University of Baghdad, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences during fall season of 2020 and spring season of 2021. This study was aimed evaluate the effect of the organic fertilizer and boron foliar on the yield of potatoes for processing. The factorial experiment (5*4) within RCBD and three replicates. The organic fertilizer as palm peat at four levels (0, 12, 24 and 36 ton. ha-1) in addition to the chemical fertilizer recommendation treatment. Boron at four Concentrations 0, 100, 150 and 200 mg. L-1 . The results revealed significant different among application of organic fertilizer at the level of 24 ton. ha-1 and the foliar application of boron at a concentration of 100 mg. L-1 in the leaves area (105.65 and 159.63 dm2 plant-1 for both seasons, respectively), the tubers number, yield and TSS reached 13.78 tubers. plant-1, 9.27 tubers. plant-1 and 833.3 g. plant-1 1122.2 g. plant-1 and 6.67, 5.43% respectively. While the highest tubers dry weight recorded the significant value at the application of 36 ton. ha-1 with foliar application of boron at 150 mg. L-1 reached 21.30 and 26.02% for both seasons, respectively. Also, starch and the specific density of tubers were increased (14.98 and 19.19%) and (1.085 and 1.108%) for both seasons, respectively.
{"title":"EFFECT OF ORGANIC FERTILIZER AND BORON FOLIAR ON QUANTITATIVE AND QUALTITATIVE TRAITS POTATO FOR PROCESSING","authors":"U. B. Shaker, I. J. A. Rasool, Researcher Prof","doi":"10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1870","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was carried out at University of Baghdad, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences during fall season of 2020 and spring season of 2021. This study was aimed evaluate the effect of the organic fertilizer and boron foliar on the yield of potatoes for processing. The factorial experiment (5*4) within RCBD and three replicates. The organic fertilizer as palm peat at four levels (0, 12, 24 and 36 ton. ha-1) in addition to the chemical fertilizer recommendation treatment. Boron at four Concentrations 0, 100, 150 and 200 mg. L-1 . The results revealed significant different among application of organic fertilizer at the level of 24 ton. ha-1 and the foliar application of boron at a concentration of 100 mg. L-1 in the leaves area (105.65 and 159.63 dm2 plant-1 for both seasons, respectively), the tubers number, yield and TSS reached 13.78 tubers. plant-1, 9.27 tubers. plant-1 and 833.3 g. plant-1 1122.2 g. plant-1 and 6.67, 5.43% respectively. While the highest tubers dry weight recorded the significant value at the application of 36 ton. ha-1 with foliar application of boron at 150 mg. L-1 reached 21.30 and 26.02% for both seasons, respectively. Also, starch and the specific density of tubers were increased (14.98 and 19.19%) and (1.085 and 1.108%) for both seasons, respectively.","PeriodicalId":14562,"journal":{"name":"IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139146875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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