G. M. AL-Ghanimi, Alrubeii A. M. S Researcher Prof.
This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of elastin hydrolysates on the microbial content and sensory evaluation of ground beef refrigerated at 2°C for 12 days. The study included 10 treatments: T1 without addition, T2 addition (1000ppm/kg meat) and T3 addition (500ppm/kg meat) of elastin hydrolysates produced by the elastase enzyme (E.H.E).T4 addition (1000ppm/kg meat) and T5 addition (500ppm/kg meat) of Elastin hydrolysates produced by the collagenase enzyme (E.H.C), T6 addition (1000ppm/kg meat) and T7 addition (500ppm/kg meat)of elastin hydrolysates produced by the trypsin enzyme (E.H.T), T8 addition and (1000ppm/kg meat) T9 addition (500ppm/kg meat) of elastin hydrolysate produced by the pepsin enzyme(E.H.P) and T10 added to the antioxidant BHA (0.01) Per kg of meat. The treatments were stored cold for periods of 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 days, and some laboratory tests were conducted on them that showed the effect of elastin hydrolysates when their effectiveness was tested against Escherichia coli Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. When hydrolysates were added to cold-stored minced beef, the lowest number of bacteria was recorded, as they decreased the logarithm. Total Plate Count TPC37, total psychrophilic count TPC4, and E.coli bacteria. Addition treatments also recorded significant increase in degrees of tenderness, flavor, juiciness, and general acceptability.
{"title":"EFFECT OF ELASTIN HYDROLYSATE ON BACTERIA AND SOME SENSORY TRAITS OF CHILLED GROUND BEEF","authors":"G. M. AL-Ghanimi, Alrubeii A. M. S Researcher Prof.","doi":"10.36103/8w3frt36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36103/8w3frt36","url":null,"abstract":"This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of elastin hydrolysates on the microbial content and sensory evaluation of ground beef refrigerated at 2°C for 12 days. The study included 10 treatments: T1 without addition, T2 addition (1000ppm/kg meat) and T3 addition (500ppm/kg meat) of elastin hydrolysates produced by the elastase enzyme (E.H.E).T4 addition (1000ppm/kg meat) and T5 addition (500ppm/kg meat) of Elastin hydrolysates produced by the collagenase enzyme (E.H.C), T6 addition (1000ppm/kg meat) and T7 addition (500ppm/kg meat)of elastin hydrolysates produced by the trypsin enzyme (E.H.T), T8 addition and (1000ppm/kg meat) T9 addition (500ppm/kg meat) of elastin hydrolysate produced by the pepsin enzyme(E.H.P) and T10 added to the antioxidant BHA (0.01) Per kg of meat. The treatments were stored cold for periods of 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 days, and some laboratory tests were conducted on them that showed the effect of elastin hydrolysates when their effectiveness was tested against Escherichia coli Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. When hydrolysates were added to cold-stored minced beef, the lowest number of bacteria was recorded, as they decreased the logarithm. Total Plate Count TPC37, total psychrophilic count TPC4, and E.coli bacteria. Addition treatments also recorded significant increase in degrees of tenderness, flavor, juiciness, and general acceptability.","PeriodicalId":14562,"journal":{"name":"IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140432492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Farqad M. K. ALdabbagh, I. H. M. AlZaidi, Magida Alshamari
In vitro propagation approach has been adopted for micropropagation and conservation of Solanum nigrum (black nightshade) to guarantee its sustainable phyto-industry and research availability. Within 1 month, in vitro shoot differentiated was accomplished by culturing shoot tip, nodal segment, and leaf on MS medium enriched with various BA (Benzyl Adenine) concentrations. A significant difference was observed with shoot tips compared with nodal explants and leaf at the shoot induction percentage and mean number of shoot per explant. The highest percentage of shoot induction (100%) and average number of micro shoot per shoo tip (9.200 shoot) were recorded on MS medium fortified with 1 mg/l BA. The findings showed that a satisfactory rooting percentage (100%) was recorded when I mg/l IBA (Indole Butyric Acid) added to half MS medium with an average number of roots (2.600) root/shoot, a mean root length is 8.600cm. rooted plantlets could be successfully acclimatized in the shade house with 100% survival rate. The genetic stability of the micropropagated plants investigated by the RAPD markers indicated monomorphic and true to type when compare with the original plant.
黑茄科植物黑茄属（Solanum nigrum）的微繁殖和保护采用了离体繁殖方法，以确保其可持续的植物产业和研究可用性。通过在富含不同浓度 BA（苄基腺嘌呤）的 MS 培养基上培养芽尖、节段和叶片，在 1 个月内完成了离体芽分化。与节段外植体和叶片相比，芽尖的芽诱导率和每个外植体的平均芽数有明显差异。在添加了 1 毫克/升 BA 的 MS 培养基上，芽的诱导率最高（100%），每个芽尖的平均微芽数最高（9.200 个）。研究结果表明，在一半的 MS 培养基中添加 I mg/l IBA（吲哚丁酸）时，生根率（100%）令人满意，平均根数（2.600）根/芽，平均根长 8.600 厘米。通过 RAPD 标记对微繁殖植株的遗传稳定性进行了研究，结果表明，与原植株相比，微繁殖植株具有单形性和真型性。
{"title":"MICROPROPAGATION AND ASSESSMENT OF GENETIC FIDELITY OF REGENERATE BY RAPD MARKERS OF SOLANUM NIGRUM","authors":"Farqad M. K. ALdabbagh, I. H. M. AlZaidi, Magida Alshamari","doi":"10.36103/tnx6m684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36103/tnx6m684","url":null,"abstract":"In vitro propagation approach has been adopted for micropropagation and conservation of Solanum nigrum (black nightshade) to guarantee its sustainable phyto-industry and research availability. Within 1 month, in vitro shoot differentiated was accomplished by culturing shoot tip, nodal segment, and leaf on MS medium enriched with various BA (Benzyl Adenine) concentrations. A significant difference was observed with shoot tips compared with nodal explants and leaf at the shoot induction percentage and mean number of shoot per explant. The highest percentage of shoot induction (100%) and average number of micro shoot per shoo tip (9.200 shoot) were recorded on MS medium fortified with 1 mg/l BA. The findings showed that a satisfactory rooting percentage (100%) was recorded when I mg/l IBA (Indole Butyric Acid) added to half MS medium with an average number of roots (2.600) root/shoot, a mean root length is 8.600cm. rooted plantlets could be successfully acclimatized in the shade house with 100% survival rate. The genetic stability of the micropropagated plants investigated by the RAPD markers indicated monomorphic and true to type when compare with the original plant.","PeriodicalId":14562,"journal":{"name":"IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140432871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. S. Musa, T. A. A. R. Prof, Dept, Anim, Coll. Agric. Engin. Sci Prod.
This study was undertaken to figure out the relationship between some biochemical characteristics in seminal plasma with the semen quality of Iraqi buffalo bulls (Bubalus bubalis). Semen was diluted with the Tris extender and divided based on the sperm cell's individual motility into two groups. The first group included good-semen quality (GS; n=3), whereas, the second group included poor-semen quality (PS; n=5). The differences between GS and BS groups in all seminal biochemical attributes lacked significance. A negative and significant (P≤0.05) correlation coefficient was noticed between cholesterol concentration and both principal and terminal sperms abnormality (r= -0.52), and total abnormalities (r= -0.53). A positive and significant (P≤0.05) correlation coefficient was shown between cholesterol concentration and normal sperm percentage (r= 0.53). Moreover, there was a negative and significant correlation (P≤0.05) between the triglyceride concentration and each of the percentages of individual sperm motility (r = -0.50) and of live sperm (r = -0.51). It can be concluded that some biochemical characteristics of seminal plasma can be used to predict the semen quality and fertility of Iraqi buffalo bulls.
{"title":"SOME BIOCHEMICAL ATTRIBUTES IN SEMINAL PLASMA OF IRAQI BUFFALO BULLS AND THEIR RELATION TO THE SEMEN QUALITY","authors":"K. S. Musa, T. A. A. R. Prof, Dept, Anim, Coll. Agric. Engin. Sci Prod.","doi":"10.36103/nrfkex70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36103/nrfkex70","url":null,"abstract":"This study was undertaken to figure out the relationship between some biochemical characteristics in seminal plasma with the semen quality of Iraqi buffalo bulls (Bubalus bubalis). Semen was diluted with the Tris extender and divided based on the sperm cell's individual motility into two groups. The first group included good-semen quality (GS; n=3), whereas, the second group included poor-semen quality (PS; n=5). The differences between GS and BS groups in all seminal biochemical attributes lacked significance. A negative and significant (P≤0.05) correlation coefficient was noticed between cholesterol concentration and both principal and terminal sperms abnormality (r= -0.52), and total abnormalities (r= -0.53). A positive and significant (P≤0.05) correlation coefficient was shown between cholesterol concentration and normal sperm percentage (r= 0.53). Moreover, there was a negative and significant correlation (P≤0.05) between the triglyceride concentration and each of the percentages of individual sperm motility (r = -0.50) and of live sperm (r = -0.51). It can be concluded that some biochemical characteristics of seminal plasma can be used to predict the semen quality and fertility of Iraqi buffalo bulls.","PeriodicalId":14562,"journal":{"name":"IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140432967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. F. H. Al-Hassan, H. Baqir, J. W. Mahmood, Assist. Prof Assist, Prof Assist, Lecturer Dept, Field Crops, Coll, Agric, Eng, Sci.
A pilot study in the field was conducted within the study station of the Field Crops Department / College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences / “University of Baghdad during winter season of 2022-2023” .In order to find out the role of chlorophyll nutrient spraying on some growth traits of two varieties of bread wheat. Using RCBD design. The results showed a significant superiority of the V1 variety in all studied traits such as (Plant height measured in centimeters, number of tillers per square meter, and dry weight flowering100%, “the growth rate of the crop is g.m2.d-1, the hay yield in “ton .ha-1 biological yield ton. ha-1”, flag leaf area (cm2), chlorophyll concentration (SPAD), dry weight flag leaf g. , flag leaf' specific gravity (g.), spike length (cm) which amounted to (100.04 cm, 281.34 g .m2.d-1, 242 .06 g.m2.d-1, 5.96 ton. ha, 11.79 ton .ha , 32.68 cm, 48.73 SPAD , 0.131 g. , 0.0039 g. and 12.13 cm). respectively . comparative V2 . chlorophyll nutrient concentrations showed that the level of Ch1 (1500) mg. L-1 represented a considerable improvement in most of which comprise the following attributes “plant height cm”, “number of tillers m2”, dry weight at flowering 100% g.m2, “crop growth rate g. m2.d-1, yield of straw ton. ha., The biological yield ton. ha., flag leaf area (cm), chlorophyll concentrations (SPAD) and spike length (cm) that reached (93.15 cm, 315.00 tillers m2, 257.08 g.m2, 1.904 g.m2, 5.96 ton. ha., 12.85 ton. ha. , 29.30 cm, and 12.07 cm) respectively, compared to the concentrations of Ch2 and Ch3.
{"title":"THE ROLE OF CHLOROPHYLL SPRAYING ACCORDING TO THE EVOLUTIONARY STANDARD ZADOKS IN THE GROWTH CHARACTERISTICS OF TWO CULTIVARS OF BREAD WHEAT","authors":"M. F. H. Al-Hassan, H. Baqir, J. W. Mahmood, Assist. Prof Assist, Prof Assist, Lecturer Dept, Field Crops, Coll, Agric, Eng, Sci.","doi":"10.36103/w1877d96","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36103/w1877d96","url":null,"abstract":"A pilot study in the field was conducted within the study station of the Field Crops Department / College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences / “University of Baghdad during winter season of 2022-2023” .In order to find out the role of chlorophyll nutrient spraying on some growth traits of two varieties of bread wheat. Using RCBD design. The results showed a significant superiority of the V1 variety in all studied traits such as (Plant height measured in centimeters, number of tillers per square meter, and dry weight flowering100%, “the growth rate of the crop is g.m2.d-1, the hay yield in “ton .ha-1 biological yield ton. ha-1”, flag leaf area (cm2), chlorophyll concentration (SPAD), dry weight flag leaf g. , flag leaf' specific gravity (g.), spike length (cm) which amounted to (100.04 cm, 281.34 g .m2.d-1, 242 .06 g.m2.d-1, 5.96 ton. ha, 11.79 ton .ha , 32.68 cm, 48.73 SPAD , 0.131 g. , 0.0039 g. and 12.13 cm). respectively . comparative V2 . chlorophyll nutrient concentrations showed that the level of Ch1 (1500) mg. L-1 represented a considerable improvement in most of which comprise the following attributes “plant height cm”, “number of tillers m2”, dry weight at flowering 100% g.m2, “crop growth rate g. m2.d-1, yield of straw ton. ha., The biological yield ton. ha., flag leaf area (cm), chlorophyll concentrations (SPAD) and spike length (cm) that reached (93.15 cm, 315.00 tillers m2, 257.08 g.m2, 1.904 g.m2, 5.96 ton. ha., 12.85 ton. ha. , 29.30 cm, and 12.07 cm) respectively, compared to the concentrations of Ch2 and Ch3.","PeriodicalId":14562,"journal":{"name":"IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140433064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Awf A. A E. H. Ali, A. S. S. Lecturer, Prof. Lecturer Dept. of agri. Eco. Coll, of Agri, Eng, Scie
This study was aimed to estimate off-farm labor supply model. Data were collected randomly from 267 wheat producers in Salah El-Din province for the year 2020, 67.4% of them are produced using pivot sprinklers for irrigation and with three tenure categories (60,80,12) dunums. Furthermore. The KS coefficient was used to analyze the producers' risk-taking behavior after estimating the production function and determining the area variable that has the most influence on the production process. If it increased by 1%, production would increase by 0.802%. The farmer's decision to adopt the technology was based on economic, social, and institutional factors. It turns out that 40% of farmers make their decision based on financing. When analyzing the decisions of farmers under risk, it was found that 35% of them make the decision in relation to the price, which is the main incentive for production. In order to understand the relationship between the risk, the return, and the size of the farm, it was found that when the area is increased, the return increases, and the revenue of a dunum at the tenure size of 10 dunams amounted to 481,600 dinars and at a higher KS level, what is known as risk-haters, the revenue was the highest possible and the risk also increased with it, and the farmers became among the large holdings they prefer. In any case, some farmers believe that when you want to get a higher return, it is important to keep in mind that there is a greater risk. Risk is affected by a number of factors, including economic, divided into price and productivity, social ones, and others related to the farmer himself in terms of efficiency, management, skill, and experience. . The research recommended a review of tenure laws and the development of risk management strategies by providing adequate funding that ensures ,Providing factories within rural areas that contribute to absorbing surplus production, creating price stability, as well as creating a labor market that reduces poverty in the rural area.
{"title":"ESTIMATING OFF –FARM LABOR SUPPLY AND ANALYSING RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RISK AND FARM SIZE","authors":"Awf A. A E. H. Ali, A. S. S. Lecturer, Prof. Lecturer Dept. of agri. Eco. Coll, of Agri, Eng, Scie","doi":"10.36103/afwgrz97","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36103/afwgrz97","url":null,"abstract":"This study was aimed to estimate off-farm labor supply model. Data were collected randomly from 267 wheat producers in Salah El-Din province for the year 2020, 67.4% of them are produced using pivot sprinklers for irrigation and with three tenure categories (60,80,12) dunums. Furthermore. The KS coefficient was used to analyze the producers' risk-taking behavior after estimating the production function and determining the area variable that has the most influence on the production process. If it increased by 1%, production would increase by 0.802%. The farmer's decision to adopt the technology was based on economic, social, and institutional factors. It turns out that 40% of farmers make their decision based on financing. When analyzing the decisions of farmers under risk, it was found that 35% of them make the decision in relation to the price, which is the main incentive for production. In order to understand the relationship between the risk, the return, and the size of the farm, it was found that when the area is increased, the return increases, and the revenue of a dunum at the tenure size of 10 dunams amounted to 481,600 dinars and at a higher KS level, what is known as risk-haters, the revenue was the highest possible and the risk also increased with it, and the farmers became among the large holdings they prefer. In any case, some farmers believe that when you want to get a higher return, it is important to keep in mind that there is a greater risk. Risk is affected by a number of factors, including economic, divided into price and productivity, social ones, and others related to the farmer himself in terms of efficiency, management, skill, and experience. . The research recommended a review of tenure laws and the development of risk management strategies by providing adequate funding that ensures ,Providing factories within rural areas that contribute to absorbing surplus production, creating price stability, as well as creating a labor market that reduces poverty in the rural area.","PeriodicalId":14562,"journal":{"name":"IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140431936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study was aimed to investigate effects of Benzyl Adenine and Zinc sulfate on Plum trees growth, at the field of Depart. Horticultural and Landscape, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad, during the spring season of 2021. Spraying three different concentrations (0, 50, and 100) mg.L-1 of Benzyl adenine and foliar applications of Zinc sulfate with three different concentrations (0, 25, and 50) mg.L-1 on vegetative and root system traits, as well as the chemical content of Plum seedlings (Prunus domestica L.) grafted on to Apricot rootstocks. The experiment conducted using factorial experiment with a Randomized Complete Block Design and, three replicates, Two seedlings per treatment, were used. The results revealed significant differences concerning the foliar application of Benzyl Adenine, particularly at the 100 mg/L concentration. which had a substantial impact on various vegetative traits. Additionally, it exhibited a superior effect on root characteristics.. Conversely, Zinc element demonstrated significant superiority at the concentration of 50 mg/L concerning the same vegetative and root traits,.
{"title":"EFFECT OF SPRAYING BA AND ZN AT VEGETATIVE AND ROOT SYSTEM GROWTH OF PLUM SAPLINGS","authors":"A. Y. Salih, A. Q. Hamdan, S. M. Tarkan","doi":"10.36103/pc2j7e81","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36103/pc2j7e81","url":null,"abstract":"This study was aimed to investigate effects of Benzyl Adenine and Zinc sulfate on Plum trees growth, at the field of Depart. Horticultural and Landscape, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad, during the spring season of 2021. Spraying three different concentrations (0, 50, and 100) mg.L-1 of Benzyl adenine and foliar applications of Zinc sulfate with three different concentrations (0, 25, and 50) mg.L-1 on vegetative and root system traits, as well as the chemical content of Plum seedlings (Prunus domestica L.) grafted on to Apricot rootstocks. The experiment conducted using factorial experiment with a Randomized Complete Block Design and, three replicates, Two seedlings per treatment, were used. The results revealed significant differences concerning the foliar application of Benzyl Adenine, particularly at the 100 mg/L concentration. which had a substantial impact on various vegetative traits. Additionally, it exhibited a superior effect on root characteristics.. Conversely, Zinc element demonstrated significant superiority at the concentration of 50 mg/L concerning the same vegetative and root traits,.","PeriodicalId":14562,"journal":{"name":"IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140433116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study was conducted to study the effect of replacing different levels of treated and untreated corn impurities with urea instead of wheat bran on productive performance of Awassi lambs. Wheat bran were replaced by five levels of treated and untreated corn impurities as: 44:0%, 32:11%, 20:22%, 10:32% and 0:39% bran: impurities in a 2×5 factorial experiment. Concentrated fed at 3% of live body weight as dry matter basis, while alfalfa hay was offered ad libitum. Forty Awassi lambs were used, with an initial weight of 27.45 ± 2.16 kg and 4-5 months old. All lambs were fed individually feeding for 70 days, preceded by 14 days as adaptation period. Results showed a non-significant superiority in dry matter and nutrients intake by increasing corn impurities and a highly significant increased (p<0.01) in ether extract and ash intake (g/day), with superiority of digestibility (P<0.05) of organic matter% (OM) and crude protein% (CP), feed efficiency, daily gain (g/ day) and total weight gain (kg) for feeding 30% of corn impurities treated with urea (T9). In conclusion, it is possible to use corn impurities instead of wheat bran, preferably treated with urea to increase crude protein content, degraded crude fibers and improved nutritional values.
{"title":"EFFECT OF REPLACING TREATED AND UNTREATED CORN IMPURITIES WITH UREA INSTEAD OF WHEAT BRAN ON PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF AWASSI LAMBS","authors":"Thaer A. M. Al-Mamouri, J. A. T. Al-Ani","doi":"10.36103/zr148430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36103/zr148430","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted to study the effect of replacing different levels of treated and untreated corn impurities with urea instead of wheat bran on productive performance of Awassi lambs. Wheat bran were replaced by five levels of treated and untreated corn impurities as: 44:0%, 32:11%, 20:22%, 10:32% and 0:39% bran: impurities in a 2×5 factorial experiment. Concentrated fed at 3% of live body weight as dry matter basis, while alfalfa hay was offered ad libitum. Forty Awassi lambs were used, with an initial weight of 27.45 ± 2.16 kg and 4-5 months old. All lambs were fed individually feeding for 70 days, preceded by 14 days as adaptation period. Results showed a non-significant superiority in dry matter and nutrients intake by increasing corn impurities and a highly significant increased (p<0.01) in ether extract and ash intake (g/day), with superiority of digestibility (P<0.05) of organic matter% (OM) and crude protein% (CP), feed efficiency, daily gain (g/ day) and total weight gain (kg) for feeding 30% of corn impurities treated with urea (T9). In conclusion, it is possible to use corn impurities instead of wheat bran, preferably treated with urea to increase crude protein content, degraded crude fibers and improved nutritional values.","PeriodicalId":14562,"journal":{"name":"IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140433126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ezuldeen K. Hammoud, Ahmed C. Saddam, J. M. N. L. Lecturer
This study was investigates the effect of adding different concentrations (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) % of mallow (Malva neglecta L.) leaves powder (MLP) to wheat bread mix on nutritional and qualitative properties of the obtained bread. Results of the chemical composition based by dry matter, moisture, ash, protein, fat, and carbohydrates for wheat flour and mallow leaves powder were 87.4, 12.6, 0.65, 10.5, 1.25, 75% and 96.2, 3.8, 7.90, 12.70, 1.60, 74.20 %, respectively. The study included nine treatments (T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9 ), where T1 was the control treatment. During the fermentation period, dough mass was increased to its maximum value, T1 recorded the lowest height. The addition of (MLP) led to a slight increase in the specific volume of (T2, T3, T4, T5, T6), and this may be due to the increase in the proportion of polysaccharides in the mallow plant, while the specific volume began to decrease significantly in treatments (T7, T8, T9). Each of (T7, T8, and T9) showed significant differences as compared with the control treatment (T1) for the characteristics of color of crust, symmetry of form, evenness of bake, grain, color, texture of crumb, aroma, and taste. There were no significant differences between (T2, T3, T4, T5, T6) compared with T1. The results indicate that the consumer accepted T2, T3, T4, and T5 treatments as well as T1. GC analysis showed the presence of phenolic compounds in mallow leaves powder, such as phenol, 2-chlorophenol, 2-methyl phenol, 4-methyl phenol, 2-nitrophenol, 2,4-dimethylphenol, benzoic acid, 2, 4- Dinitrophenol (0.150, 0.036, 0.03, 0.127, 1.360, 0.042, 0.002, 5.552 mg100g) respectively.
{"title":"IMPROVING NUTRITIONAL AND QUALITATIVE PROPERTIES OF WHEAT BREAD BY USING MALLOW (MALVA NEGLECTA L.) LEAVES POWDER","authors":"Ezuldeen K. Hammoud, Ahmed C. Saddam, J. M. N. L. Lecturer","doi":"10.36103/8p73pr77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36103/8p73pr77","url":null,"abstract":"This study was investigates the effect of adding different concentrations (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) % of mallow (Malva neglecta L.) leaves powder (MLP) to wheat bread mix on nutritional and qualitative properties of the obtained bread. Results of the chemical composition based by dry matter, moisture, ash, protein, fat, and carbohydrates for wheat flour and mallow leaves powder were 87.4, 12.6, 0.65, 10.5, 1.25, 75% and 96.2, 3.8, 7.90, 12.70, 1.60, 74.20 %, respectively. The study included nine treatments (T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9 ), where T1 was the control treatment. During the fermentation period, dough mass was increased to its maximum value, T1 recorded the lowest height. The addition of (MLP) led to a slight increase in the specific volume of (T2, T3, T4, T5, T6), and this may be due to the increase in the proportion of polysaccharides in the mallow plant, while the specific volume began to decrease significantly in treatments (T7, T8, T9). Each of (T7, T8, and T9) showed significant differences as compared with the control treatment (T1) for the characteristics of color of crust, symmetry of form, evenness of bake, grain, color, texture of crumb, aroma, and taste. There were no significant differences between (T2, T3, T4, T5, T6) compared with T1. The results indicate that the consumer accepted T2, T3, T4, and T5 treatments as well as T1. GC analysis showed the presence of phenolic compounds in mallow leaves powder, such as phenol, 2-chlorophenol, 2-methyl phenol, 4-methyl phenol, 2-nitrophenol, 2,4-dimethylphenol, benzoic acid, 2, 4- Dinitrophenol (0.150, 0.036, 0.03, 0.127, 1.360, 0.042, 0.002, 5.552 mg100g) respectively.","PeriodicalId":14562,"journal":{"name":"IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140433379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rawnaq Z. Fadhil, Mouruj A. Al, Kadhim A. Aadim Researcher Prof, BRC. Universityof Alnahrain
This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of plasma activated medium (PAM) on breast cancer cell lines (MCF7 and AMJ13) and compared it to non malignant one (ASCs). The cytotoxic effect of 10,15,20, and 25 min prepared PAM was measured and the results indicated that all cells were influenced in the exposure times (20 and 25)min, especially after 48 hours of incubation with lesser influence on normal cells. Based on the results 20 min was determined as the effective dose on 50% of cancer cells with minimal influence on normal one. Further, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) was assessed and the results indicated reduction in the level of this cytokine after PAM treatment, MCF7 showed significant 2reduction in both incubation intervals while AMJ13 and ASCs significantly varied only after 48hrs.Finally, caspase-9was analyzed to identify the apoptosis route and the obtained data revealed that both MCF7 and AMJ13raisedsignificantlyafter 24 and 48hrs.In contrast, ASC cells revealed non-significant changes in both intervals.
{"title":"Cytotoxic Effect of Plasma Activated Medium on the Treated Breast Cancer","authors":"Rawnaq Z. Fadhil, Mouruj A. Al, Kadhim A. Aadim Researcher Prof, BRC. Universityof Alnahrain","doi":"10.36103/bm6h2e50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36103/bm6h2e50","url":null,"abstract":"This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of plasma activated medium (PAM) on breast cancer cell lines (MCF7 and AMJ13) and compared it to non malignant one (ASCs). The cytotoxic effect of 10,15,20, and 25 min prepared PAM was measured and the results indicated that all cells were influenced in the exposure times (20 and 25)min, especially after 48 hours of incubation with lesser influence on normal cells. Based on the results 20 min was determined as the effective dose on 50% of cancer cells with minimal influence on normal one. Further, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) was assessed and the results indicated reduction in the level of this cytokine after PAM treatment, MCF7 showed significant 2reduction in both incubation intervals while AMJ13 and ASCs significantly varied only after 48hrs.Finally, caspase-9was analyzed to identify the apoptosis route and the obtained data revealed that both MCF7 and AMJ13raisedsignificantlyafter 24 and 48hrs.In contrast, ASC cells revealed non-significant changes in both intervals.","PeriodicalId":14562,"journal":{"name":"IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140433574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zainab J. Al-Mousawi, Y. F. Salloom, Z. M. Abdul-Qader, Lecturer Assis. Prof, Assis. Prof
The experiment was implemented in the fields of the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences / University of Baghdad during the agricultural season 2021-2022 as a factorial experiment (2 x 3 x 3) with within Randomized Complete Block Design using 3 replcates, The spraying with marine algae extract (0, 4, and 6ml.l-1) represented the first factor symbolized by K0, K1, and K2; the second factor involved spraying with the yeast extract (0, 2, and 4 mg.l-1) referred to as Y0, Y1, and Y2; while the third factor was mowing date as tow mows were applied with 15 days interval between them. The research was aimed to examine the effect of the three mentioned factors and their interaction on the vegetative growth and leaf biochemical traits of watercress plants. The research objectives Results showed a significant superiority of the interaction treatment Y2K2 in increasing number of leaves, leaf area, fresh weight, and dry weight in the second mow (62.80 leaves.plant-1, 131.77cm.plant-1, 265.30g, and 113.5g) as well as increasing the biochemical traits in leaves including the content of carbohydrates, protein, N, P, K, Glucosinolates, total Glucosinolates, total phenolic compounds, and total flavonoids in the second mow.
{"title":"EVALUATION OF FOLIAR SPRAY WITH EXTRACT OF MARINE ALGAE AND YEAST AND MOWING DATE ON GROWTH, YIELD, AND ACTIVE COMPONENTS OF WATERCRESS.","authors":"Zainab J. Al-Mousawi, Y. F. Salloom, Z. M. Abdul-Qader, Lecturer Assis. Prof, Assis. Prof","doi":"10.36103/6310fv68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36103/6310fv68","url":null,"abstract":"The experiment was implemented in the fields of the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences / University of Baghdad during the agricultural season 2021-2022 as a factorial experiment (2 x 3 x 3) with within Randomized Complete Block Design using 3 replcates, The spraying with marine algae extract (0, 4, and 6ml.l-1) represented the first factor symbolized by K0, K1, and K2; the second factor involved spraying with the yeast extract (0, 2, and 4 mg.l-1) referred to as Y0, Y1, and Y2; while the third factor was mowing date as tow mows were applied with 15 days interval between them. The research was aimed to examine the effect of the three mentioned factors and their interaction on the vegetative growth and leaf biochemical traits of watercress plants. The research objectives Results showed a significant superiority of the interaction treatment Y2K2 in increasing number of leaves, leaf area, fresh weight, and dry weight in the second mow (62.80 leaves.plant-1, 131.77cm.plant-1, 265.30g, and 113.5g) as well as increasing the biochemical traits in leaves including the content of carbohydrates, protein, N, P, K, Glucosinolates, total Glucosinolates, total phenolic compounds, and total flavonoids in the second mow. ","PeriodicalId":14562,"journal":{"name":"IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140432113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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