Pub Date : 2023-12-29DOI: 10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1875
Al-Maaroof Saed, E. Al-Maaroof, P. H. S. Prof.
This study was conducted to identify resistance sources in the Iraqi wheat cultivars using pathological and molecular approaches. Results revealed that forty-four reeleased wheat cultivars were divided into four groups according to their mean infection percentage to common bunt disease. Resistant group consists of wheat cultivars Farris 1, Ashur, Tamuz 3, AlMadian, AlBaraka, Latiffiya, and Rabia. The mean infection percentage of this group ranged from 0.28-3.98% and significantly was higher than that of all other groups during two growing seasons. Moderately resistant cultivars included cv’s Bura, Iratom, Charmo, Maaroof, and AlRasheed with mean infection range of 10.39- 21.10%. The majority of the tested cultivars (63%) explored high susceptibility to the disease (52.14-91.97%) while the mean infection of the susceptible group ranged from 31.51% in Buhoth 22 to 47.47% in Wafia. Molecular analysis using SSR markers GWM7433, XGWM114, and XGWM264 revealed that Charmo and Hsad- possess the resistance gene Bt9 at 296bp, while Buhoth 10 possesses the known resistance gene Bt12 at 175bp. All the tested cultivars not contain the known resistance genes Bt8, Bt10, and Bt11. The high resistance level of the resistant group could be attributed to the presence of additional known resistance Bt genes or other unidentified resistance genes.
{"title":"RESISTANCE OF IRAQI WHEAT CULTIVARS TO COMMON BUNT DISEASE AND MOLECULAR DIAGNOSIS OF THE AVIALABLE BT GENES IN EACH CULTIVAR","authors":"Al-Maaroof Saed, E. Al-Maaroof, P. H. S. Prof.","doi":"10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1875","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to identify resistance sources in the Iraqi wheat cultivars using pathological and molecular approaches. Results revealed that forty-four reeleased wheat cultivars were divided into four groups according to their mean infection percentage to common bunt disease. Resistant group consists of wheat cultivars Farris 1, Ashur, Tamuz 3, AlMadian, AlBaraka, Latiffiya, and Rabia. The mean infection percentage of this group ranged from 0.28-3.98% and significantly was higher than that of all other groups during two growing seasons. Moderately resistant cultivars included cv’s Bura, Iratom, Charmo, Maaroof, and AlRasheed with mean infection range of 10.39- 21.10%. The majority of the tested cultivars (63%) explored high susceptibility to the disease (52.14-91.97%) while the mean infection of the susceptible group ranged from 31.51% in Buhoth 22 to 47.47% in Wafia. Molecular analysis using SSR markers GWM7433, XGWM114, and XGWM264 revealed that Charmo and Hsad- possess the resistance gene Bt9 at 296bp, while Buhoth 10 possesses the known resistance gene Bt12 at 175bp. All the tested cultivars not contain the known resistance genes Bt8, Bt10, and Bt11. The high resistance level of the resistant group could be attributed to the presence of additional known resistance Bt genes or other unidentified resistance genes.","PeriodicalId":14562,"journal":{"name":"IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES","volume":" 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139142080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-29DOI: 10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1856
S. El-Naggar, S. Gad, Z. Mahasneh, M. Tawilla, G Abou-Ward
This study was conducted to investigate the impact of adding ajwain seeds to the rations of the growing Ossimi ram lambs on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, rumen liquor fermentation, and blood biochemical parameters. A total of 15 ram lambs, 5-6 months of age, were randomly allocated to the 3 treatments (5 lambs each). Lambs were fed a basal diet and regarded as a control group (T1), while the second (T2) and third (T3) treatments were fed on a basal diet plus 0.2 and 0.4 % of ajwain seeds respectively. At the end of the trial (150 days), three sheep from each treatment were used for a fourteen-day digestibility trial. Feed intake was similar for all groups. The treated groups exhibited higher (P<0.05) average daily gain and lesser (P<0.05) feed conversion ratio than the T1 group. All nutrients digestibility and nutritive value (TDN and DCP) were significantly higher (P<0.05) in the T2 and T3 groups than in the T1 group. The blood attributes were within the reference values of healthy lambs. Serum cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, and MDA levels were decreased (P<0.05), whereas, albumin, HDL and TAC concentrations increased in the treated than the control groups. I
{"title":"IMPACT OF ADDING AJWAIN SEEDS TO THE MALE LAMBS’ RATIONS AS GROWTH PROMOTERS","authors":"S. El-Naggar, S. Gad, Z. Mahasneh, M. Tawilla, G Abou-Ward","doi":"10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1856","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to investigate the impact of adding ajwain seeds to the rations of the growing Ossimi ram lambs on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, rumen liquor fermentation, and blood biochemical parameters. A total of 15 ram lambs, 5-6 months of age, were randomly allocated to the 3 treatments (5 lambs each). Lambs were fed a basal diet and regarded as a control group (T1), while the second (T2) and third (T3) treatments were fed on a basal diet plus 0.2 and 0.4 % of ajwain seeds respectively. At the end of the trial (150 days), three sheep from each treatment were used for a fourteen-day digestibility trial. Feed intake was similar for all groups. The treated groups exhibited higher (P<0.05) average daily gain and lesser (P<0.05) feed conversion ratio than the T1 group. All nutrients digestibility and nutritive value (TDN and DCP) were significantly higher (P<0.05) in the T2 and T3 groups than in the T1 group. The blood attributes were within the reference values of healthy lambs. Serum cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, and MDA levels were decreased (P<0.05), whereas, albumin, HDL and TAC concentrations increased in the treated than the control groups. I","PeriodicalId":14562,"journal":{"name":"IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES","volume":"97 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139145678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-29DOI: 10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1860
Omaima S Al-Qaissy, A. S. Al-Khafaji
In this study, 25 Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were diagnosed in 160 clinical samples collected from patients attending the Tuberculosis Institute/ Medical city and Al-Muhmodia Public Hospital, in addition to a number of private laboratories in Baghdad during the period from September 2020 to February 2021. The bacterial isolates from clinical samples were biochemically diagnosed by API® 20E system then further identified by VITEK 2 system. P. aeruginosa represented the most prevalent bacteria in lower respiratory tract specimens. These isolates showed moderate to high susceptibility towards 11 antimicrobial agents tested in this study except that of ceftazidime and ceftriaxone. Extra-chromosomal resistance of the top three of the most resistant P. aeruginosa isolates were subjected for molecular investigation. Bacterial transformation of E. coli S1 cells with plasmid DNA extracted from the selected P. aeruginosa isolates exhibited increased resistance to ceftazidime and penicillin G. The data clearly suggest that the plasmid DNA content is implicated in enhancement of P. aeruginosa resistance through horizontal transfer of extra- chromosomal beta lactam resistance associated genes.
本研究在 2020 年 9 月至 2021 年 2 月期间从巴格达结核病研究所/医疗城和 Al-Muhmodia 公立医院以及一些私人实验室收集的 160 份临床样本中诊断出 25 个铜绿假单胞菌分离物。从临床样本中分离出的细菌通过 API® 20E 系统进行生化诊断，然后通过 VITEK 2 系统进行进一步鉴定。铜绿假单胞菌是下呼吸道标本中最常见的细菌。除头孢他啶和头孢曲松外，这些分离菌株对本研究中测试的 11 种抗菌药物具有中度至高度敏感性。对耐药性最强的前三种铜绿假单胞菌分离株的染色体外耐药性进行了分子研究。用从所选铜绿假单胞菌分离物中提取的质粒 DNA 对大肠杆菌 S1 细胞进行细菌转化，结果显示其对头孢他啶和青霉素 G 的耐药性增强。
{"title":"EMERGENCE OF MULTIDRUG RESISTANT BACTERIA AMONG PATIENTS WITH RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS","authors":"Omaima S Al-Qaissy, A. S. Al-Khafaji","doi":"10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1860","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1860","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, 25 Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were diagnosed in 160 clinical samples collected from patients attending the Tuberculosis Institute/ Medical city and Al-Muhmodia Public Hospital, in addition to a number of private laboratories in Baghdad during the period from September 2020 to February 2021. The bacterial isolates from clinical samples were biochemically diagnosed by API® 20E system then further identified by VITEK 2 system. P. aeruginosa represented the most prevalent bacteria in lower respiratory tract specimens. These isolates showed moderate to high susceptibility towards 11 antimicrobial agents tested in this study except that of ceftazidime and ceftriaxone. Extra-chromosomal resistance of the top three of the most resistant P. aeruginosa isolates were subjected for molecular investigation. Bacterial transformation of E. coli S1 cells with plasmid DNA extracted from the selected P. aeruginosa isolates exhibited increased resistance to ceftazidime and penicillin G. The data clearly suggest that the plasmid DNA content is implicated in enhancement of P. aeruginosa resistance through horizontal transfer of extra- chromosomal beta lactam resistance associated genes.","PeriodicalId":14562,"journal":{"name":"IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES","volume":"37 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139146118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-29DOI: 10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1857
N. M. Abdulrahman, E. T. Sadeeq, Prof Lecturer, Coll. Vet, Med.
The experiment was conducted at the University of Duhok's College of Agricultural Sciences. The study used a completely randomized design with four treatment groups, three repetitions, and ten fish per replication in twelve plastic tanks (70 L), each tank receiving proper continuous aeration and cleaning on a daily basis. Positive Control (T2) was higher significantly in each of the Weight Gain, Daily Weight Gain, Relative Growth Rate, Feed Efficiency Ratio, Protein Efficiency Ratio, Fat Efficiency Ratio, Hepatic Index, Kidney Index, Lymphocytes (10^9/dl), Monocytes (10^9/dl), and Granulocytes (10^9/dl). T3 with 25 gm germinated lentil /kg was higher significantly in Intestine Length- Weight Index and MCHC (%). T4 with 50 gm germinated lentil /kg increase significantly Intestine Length- Length Index, WBC (10^9/dl), PLT (10^ 9/L), Cholesterol mg/dl, and LDL mg/dl. Negative Control (T1) and 25 gm germinated lentil /kg (T3) were higher significantly in Feed Conversion Ratio, Triglyceride mg/dl, and HDL mg/dl. T2 and T3 increased significantly RBC (10^ 12/L). All treatments as compared to control enhances Ether extract (Oil) (%), Crude protein (%), Weight without viscera and Head, and Spleen Index.
实验在杜霍克大学农业科学学院进行。研究采用完全随机设计，四个处理组，三次重复，每个重复十条鱼，共十二个塑料水箱（70 升），每个水箱每天进行适当的连续通气和清洁。阳性对照组（T2）的增重、日增重、相对生长率、饲料效率比、蛋白质效率比、脂肪效率比、肝指数、肾指数、淋巴细胞（10^9/dl）、单核细胞（10^9/dl）和粒细胞（10^9/dl）均明显高于阳性对照组。添加 25 克/千克发芽扁豆的 T3 在肠道长度-重量指数和 MCHC（%）方面明显更高。添加 50 克发芽扁豆/千克的 T4 可明显增加肠长度指数、白细胞（10^9/分升）、血小板（10^ 9/分升）、胆固醇毫克/分升和低密度脂蛋白毫克/分升。阴性对照组（T1）和每千克含 25 克发芽扁豆的对照组（T3）的饲料转化率、甘油三酯毫克/分升和高密度脂蛋白毫克/分升均显著提高。T2 和 T3 显著增加了红细胞（10^ 12/L）。与对照组相比，所有处理都提高了乙醚提取物（油）（%）、粗蛋白（%）、无内脏和头重以及脾指数。
{"title":"LENTIL GERMINATION AS A SOURCE OF PREBIOTIC TO STUDY THEIR EFFECTS IN COMMON CARP PERFORMANCE, PHYSIOBIOLOGICAL, BLOOD, HEALTH AND PROXIMATE ANALYSIS","authors":"N. M. Abdulrahman, E. T. Sadeeq, Prof Lecturer, Coll. Vet, Med.","doi":"10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1857","url":null,"abstract":"The experiment was conducted at the University of Duhok's College of Agricultural Sciences. The study used a completely randomized design with four treatment groups, three repetitions, and ten fish per replication in twelve plastic tanks (70 L), each tank receiving proper continuous aeration and cleaning on a daily basis. Positive Control (T2) was higher significantly in each of the Weight Gain, Daily Weight Gain, Relative Growth Rate, Feed Efficiency Ratio, Protein Efficiency Ratio, Fat Efficiency Ratio, Hepatic Index, Kidney Index, Lymphocytes (10^9/dl), Monocytes (10^9/dl), and Granulocytes (10^9/dl). T3 with 25 gm germinated lentil /kg was higher significantly in Intestine Length- Weight Index and MCHC (%). T4 with 50 gm germinated lentil /kg increase significantly Intestine Length- Length Index, WBC (10^9/dl), PLT (10^ 9/L), Cholesterol mg/dl, and LDL mg/dl. Negative Control (T1) and 25 gm germinated lentil /kg (T3) were higher significantly in Feed Conversion Ratio, Triglyceride mg/dl, and HDL mg/dl. T2 and T3 increased significantly RBC (10^ 12/L). All treatments as compared to control enhances Ether extract (Oil) (%), Crude protein (%), Weight without viscera and Head, and Spleen Index.","PeriodicalId":14562,"journal":{"name":"IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES","volume":" 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139144189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-29DOI: 10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1848
Ali M. Al-Aboudi, S. J. H. R. Prof, Dept, Animal Production - Coll, Agric
This study was conducted at the poultry farm, the Department of Animal Production, Shatrah Technical Institute , Southern Technical University for the period from 19/2/2021 to 1/4/2021 for (42 days), according to the results Prevous part of the study the best treatment for (WHL) powder was chosen and the replacement was level 6% instead for Wheat, and the best treatment for (WHL) powder treated with yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) at level 12% instead of wheat, and the best treatment for (WHL) powder treated with Iraqi probiotics at level 12% instead of wheat. In two periods of 1-21 days and 22-42 days, the chicks were fed on a starter diets for 1-21 days of age and a finisher diets for 22-42 days of age for the purpose of determining the best rearing period and its impact on the productive performance for broilers. Seven treatments were used with Three replicates per treatment (10 bird’s for replicate) in a floor hen house divided into enclosures of 1.25 x 1 m dimensions. The treatments were as follows: T1:Control without any replacement, T2: replacement (WHL) powder at a level 6% instead of wheat and for the period from 1-21 Day, T3 : replacement (WHL) powder treated with (Sc) yeast at a level 12% instead of wheat for a period of 1-21 days, T4: replacement (WHL) powder treated with Iraqi probiotics at a level 12% instead of wheat and for a period of 1-21 days, T5: replacement (WHL) powder at a level 6% instead of wheat and for the period from 22-42 days, T6: replacement (WHL) powder treated with (Sc) yeast at a level 12% instead of wheat and for the period from 22-42 days and T7: replacement (WHL) powder treated with Iraqi probiotics at a level 12% instead of wheat and for the period of 22-42 days. The results showed an improvement in live body weight, weight gain, feed consumption and food conversion ratio for all addition treatments compared with control also treatments T5,T6 and T7 recorded the best results in productive characteristics.
{"title":"IMPROVING THE NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF WATER HYACINTH LEAVES (WHL) AND ADDING IT TO PROILER DIETS DURING DIFFERENT PERIODS AGE AND ITS EFFECTS ON THE PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE","authors":"Ali M. Al-Aboudi, S. J. H. R. Prof, Dept, Animal Production - Coll, Agric","doi":"10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1848","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1848","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted at the poultry farm, the Department of Animal Production, Shatrah Technical Institute , Southern Technical University for the period from 19/2/2021 to 1/4/2021 for (42 days), according to the results Prevous part of the study the best treatment for (WHL) powder was chosen and the replacement was level 6% instead for Wheat, and the best treatment for (WHL) powder treated with yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) at level 12% instead of wheat, and the best treatment for (WHL) powder treated with Iraqi probiotics at level 12% instead of wheat. In two periods of 1-21 days and 22-42 days, the chicks were fed on a starter diets for 1-21 days of age and a finisher diets for 22-42 days of age for the purpose of determining the best rearing period and its impact on the productive performance for broilers. Seven treatments were used with Three replicates per treatment (10 bird’s for replicate) in a floor hen house divided into enclosures of 1.25 x 1 m dimensions. The treatments were as follows: T1:Control without any replacement, T2: replacement (WHL) powder at a level 6% instead of wheat and for the period from 1-21 Day, T3 : replacement (WHL) powder treated with (Sc) yeast at a level 12% instead of wheat for a period of 1-21 days, T4: replacement (WHL) powder treated with Iraqi probiotics at a level 12% instead of wheat and for a period of 1-21 days, T5: replacement (WHL) powder at a level 6% instead of wheat and for the period from 22-42 days, T6: replacement (WHL) powder treated with (Sc) yeast at a level 12% instead of wheat and for the period from 22-42 days and T7: replacement (WHL) powder treated with Iraqi probiotics at a level 12% instead of wheat and for the period of 22-42 days. The results showed an improvement in live body weight, weight gain, feed consumption and food conversion ratio for all addition treatments compared with control also treatments T5,T6 and T7 recorded the best results in productive characteristics.","PeriodicalId":14562,"journal":{"name":"IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES","volume":"43 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139147198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-29DOI: 10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1863
Z. J. Kadhim, G. A. Abdulhasan, Researcher Assist. Prof Dept, Biol
This study was aimed to investigate the role of some Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) and E. coli fliC gene polymorphisms with increased risk to recurrent urinary tract infections (rUTI). From 180 specimens (blood and urine) were collected from women of different age, 60 of them serve as control while 120 had rUTI symptoms. After culturing of urine specimens, 43 (35.8%) were identified as E. coli isolates. Four SNPs were identified when amplified and sequenced of TLR5 include rs5744168, rs775385356, rs2072493 and rs5744174. Twelve flagellar antigen serotypes were obtained from fliC sequence of 28 isolates. By using Expasy and Clustal Omega programs, the FliC proteins of H-serotypes arranged in different lengths ranging between 324-634 residues. The N-terminal and C-terminal were conserved region, in contrast, the central region was variable poorly preserved. The results also showed list of conserved amino acids in both FliC termini included L89, Q90,R91, L95, Q98, N101 and E115 in N- terminus in all studied serotypes. Further, the N277 residue that reported its central role for TLR5 interaction were found in some serotypes. Indeed, it was no distinct relation between genotypes or allele frequencies with fliC polymorphisms found in E. coli isolated from rUTI.
{"title":"ASSOCIATION OF TLR 5 AND ESCHERICHIA COLI FLIC POLYMORPHISMS WITH RECURRENT URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS IN WOMEN","authors":"Z. J. Kadhim, G. A. Abdulhasan, Researcher Assist. Prof Dept, Biol","doi":"10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1863","url":null,"abstract":"This study was aimed to investigate the role of some Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) and E. coli fliC gene polymorphisms with increased risk to recurrent urinary tract infections (rUTI). From 180 specimens (blood and urine) were collected from women of different age, 60 of them serve as control while 120 had rUTI symptoms. After culturing of urine specimens, 43 (35.8%) were identified as E. coli isolates. Four SNPs were identified when amplified and sequenced of TLR5 include rs5744168, rs775385356, rs2072493 and rs5744174. Twelve flagellar antigen serotypes were obtained from fliC sequence of 28 isolates. By using Expasy and Clustal Omega programs, the FliC proteins of H-serotypes arranged in different lengths ranging between 324-634 residues. The N-terminal and C-terminal were conserved region, in contrast, the central region was variable poorly preserved. The results also showed list of conserved amino acids in both FliC termini included L89, Q90,R91, L95, Q98, N101 and E115 in N- terminus in all studied serotypes. Further, the N277 residue that reported its central role for TLR5 interaction were found in some serotypes. Indeed, it was no distinct relation between genotypes or allele frequencies with fliC polymorphisms found in E. coli isolated from rUTI.","PeriodicalId":14562,"journal":{"name":"IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES","volume":"7 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139147650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-29DOI: 10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1873
Gailan Baper, Ahmed Salih Khalaf, Saleem Ismael, Shabaz
Vegetation diversity patterns are necessary to identify species of plants in the Zawita mountains area, Duhok Governorate, Iraq, to investigate the influence of topographical elements (aspects - north and south, elevations and slope gradients) on diagnosis, density, frequency, and species richness and diversity of species in the Zawita forest understory vegetation. Sampling vegetation was surveyed at (1 * 1 m-2), for 8 quadrats per each zigzag transect. The data were designed with a strip-strip block design, with four replicates for each transect. The results revealed significant differences in frequency, density, and Shannon index due to aspects, elevations, and slope gradient. While other measured traits, species richness, and Simpson index were not affected significantly. The highest density was recorded for the north-facing aspect at high altitude while the Shannon index diversity has existed in the south aspect at low elevation and low slope gradient.
{"title":"EFFECT OF ASPECTS, ELEVATION, AND SLOPE GRADIENT ON ZAWITA FOREST UNDERSTORY VEGETATION COMPOSITION","authors":"Gailan Baper, Ahmed Salih Khalaf, Saleem Ismael, Shabaz","doi":"10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1873","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1873","url":null,"abstract":"Vegetation diversity patterns are necessary to identify species of plants in the Zawita mountains area, Duhok Governorate, Iraq, to investigate the influence of topographical elements (aspects - north and south, elevations and slope gradients) on diagnosis, density, frequency, and species richness and diversity of species in the Zawita forest understory vegetation. Sampling vegetation was surveyed at (1 * 1 m-2), for 8 quadrats per each zigzag transect. The data were designed with a strip-strip block design, with four replicates for each transect. The results revealed significant differences in frequency, density, and Shannon index due to aspects, elevations, and slope gradient. While other measured traits, species richness, and Simpson index were not affected significantly. The highest density was recorded for the north-facing aspect at high altitude while the Shannon index diversity has existed in the south aspect at low elevation and low slope gradient.","PeriodicalId":14562,"journal":{"name":"IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES","volume":" 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139142877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-29DOI: 10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1849
Ali M. Al-Aboudi, S. J. H. R. Prof, Dept, Animal Production - Coll, Agric
This study was conducted at the poultry farm , Animal Production Department , Shatrah Technical Institute / Southern Technical University for the period from 13/11/2020 to 25/12/2020 (42 days), to find out the effect of improving the nutritional value for water hyacinth leaves (WHL) fermented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast (Sc) and fermented with Iraqi probiotic at different levels and its effect on the productive performance of broilers chickens. In the experiment, 300 day old unsexed Ross 308 broiler chicks were. The chicks were fed on a starter ration for 1-21 days of age and a finisher ration form 22-42 days of age. The birds were randomly distributed in to 10 treatments, with 3 replicates for each treatment (10 birds for replicates),the treatments were as follows: T1 Control without any replacement, T2 replacement (WHL) powder at a level 6% instead of wheat, T3 Replacement (WHL) powder treated With (Sc) yeast at a level 6% instead of wheat, T4 replacement (WHL) powder treated with probiotics at a level of 6% instead of wheat, T5 replacement (WHL) powder at a level 12% instead of wheat, T6 replacement (WHL) powder treated with (Sc) yeast at a level 12% instead of wheat, T7 replacement (WHL) powder treated with probiotics at a level 12% instead of wheat, T8 replacement (WHL) powder at a level 18% instead of wheat, T9 replacement (WHL) powder treated with (Sc) yeast at a level 18% instead of wheat and T10, replacement (WHL) powder treated with probiotics at a level 18% instead of wheat, The results showed an improvement in live body weight, weight gain, feed consumption and food conversion ratio for all addition treatments compared with control. Treatments T2,T6 and T7 recorded the best results in productive characteristics.
{"title":"IMPROVING THE NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF WATER HYACINTH LEAVES (WHL) AND ADDING IT TO BROILER DIETS AND ITS EFFECT ON THE PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE.","authors":"Ali M. Al-Aboudi, S. J. H. R. Prof, Dept, Animal Production - Coll, Agric","doi":"10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1849","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted at the poultry farm , Animal Production Department , Shatrah Technical Institute / Southern Technical University for the period from 13/11/2020 to 25/12/2020 (42 days), to find out the effect of improving the nutritional value for water hyacinth leaves (WHL) fermented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast (Sc) and fermented with Iraqi probiotic at different levels and its effect on the productive performance of broilers chickens. In the experiment, 300 day old unsexed Ross 308 broiler chicks were. The chicks were fed on a starter ration for 1-21 days of age and a finisher ration form 22-42 days of age. The birds were randomly distributed in to 10 treatments, with 3 replicates for each treatment (10 birds for replicates),the treatments were as follows: T1 Control without any replacement, T2 replacement (WHL) powder at a level 6% instead of wheat, T3 Replacement (WHL) powder treated With (Sc) yeast at a level 6% instead of wheat, T4 replacement (WHL) powder treated with probiotics at a level of 6% instead of wheat, T5 replacement (WHL) powder at a level 12% instead of wheat, T6 replacement (WHL) powder treated with (Sc) yeast at a level 12% instead of wheat, T7 replacement (WHL) powder treated with probiotics at a level 12% instead of wheat, T8 replacement (WHL) powder at a level 18% instead of wheat, T9 replacement (WHL) powder treated with (Sc) yeast at a level 18% instead of wheat and T10, replacement (WHL) powder treated with probiotics at a level 18% instead of wheat, The results showed an improvement in live body weight, weight gain, feed consumption and food conversion ratio for all addition treatments compared with control. Treatments T2,T6 and T7 recorded the best results in productive characteristics.","PeriodicalId":14562,"journal":{"name":"IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES","volume":"28 3‐4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139146799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-29DOI: 10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1879
H. A. S. Razvanchy, M. A. Fayyadh
The study area located at Erbil province, Kurdistan, Iraq, seven pedons were elected. Twenty-one soil samples were collected in the study area. Different physiochemical and fertility indices have been used to determine the soils development, despite of generating interpolated maps for them. The results indicated that the low values of clay were found in the less pedon developed and argillic horizon existed in development pedons. Study soils were non-saline, slightly to moderately alkaline, and had relatively high bulk density values. Organic matter is concentrated at the soil surface. Considerable total carbonates are found in studied soils and have irregular distribution manner, as well as have high CEC values. Low C/N ratio due to highly decomposed organic matter. The active CaCO3/total CaCO3 increases with depth in all pedons, while, slightly fluctuated in one pedon. The ratio of total clay in BH /AH was found just in some pedons and more than (1) therefore these soils are considered development, and are more developed depending on the ratio of fine clay/total clay. Soils are classified into three groups the first was the least developed soils, the second group has the most development. Third group are intermediate in their development. Pedogenic processes included leaching, illuviation, eluviation, alkalization, humification, lessivage, desalinization, calcification, decomposition, and littering. Studied soils classified as Inceptisols and Mollisols.
{"title":"STUDY SOIL DEVELOPMENT AND CLASSIFICATION IN ERBIL PROVINCE, KURDISTAN, IRAQ USING MATHEMATICAL INDICES","authors":"H. A. S. Razvanchy, M. A. Fayyadh","doi":"10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1879","url":null,"abstract":"The study area located at Erbil province, Kurdistan, Iraq, seven pedons were elected. Twenty-one soil samples were collected in the study area. Different physiochemical and fertility indices have been used to determine the soils development, despite of generating interpolated maps for them. The results indicated that the low values of clay were found in the less pedon developed and argillic horizon existed in development pedons. Study soils were non-saline, slightly to moderately alkaline, and had relatively high bulk density values. Organic matter is concentrated at the soil surface. Considerable total carbonates are found in studied soils and have irregular distribution manner, as well as have high CEC values. Low C/N ratio due to highly decomposed organic matter. The active CaCO3/total CaCO3 increases with depth in all pedons, while, slightly fluctuated in one pedon. The ratio of total clay in BH /AH was found just in some pedons and more than (1) therefore these soils are considered development, and are more developed depending on the ratio of fine clay/total clay. Soils are classified into three groups the first was the least developed soils, the second group has the most development. Third group are intermediate in their development. Pedogenic processes included leaching, illuviation, eluviation, alkalization, humification, lessivage, desalinization, calcification, decomposition, and littering. Studied soils classified as Inceptisols and Mollisols.","PeriodicalId":14562,"journal":{"name":"IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES","volume":"24 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139147902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-29DOI: 10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1866
Zahraa H. H H. A. Rasheed Researcher Lecturer, Dept. Biotech, Sci, Col.¸
This study was aimed to examine the anticancer activity of fabricated ZnONPs- L-ASNase conjugate against cancer and normal cell lines. Total of 127 bacterial isolates were taken from clinicalandenvironmentalsamples then identified as E.coli.In this work, 88 isolates were identified as E.coli.L-asparaginase produced from E.coli were screened¸clinical Isolates of E.coli from urine sample have the potential to produce asparaginase that is responsible for cytotoxicity¸the optimal culture conditions for the development of the enzyme L-asparaginase were determined to be 37ºC and pH8. Nitrogen sourceconcentrations at 0.9gm/ml were discovered to maximize enzyme production. L-asparaginase then purified by two steps that includeion exchange column and gel filtration. Purification and recovery percentage for L-ASNase was 6.21%, 10.34% respectively. Effective conjugation was approved by UV-visible spectroscopy. ZnO nanoparticles exhibit absorbance peaks approximately 200-300 nm. XRD analysis confirmed the crystallite size of the ZnO nanoparticles was observed to be 18.4 nm. The activity of L-ASNase in the ZnONPs-L-ASNasewas detected by a direct nesslerization method and the findings showed a substantial increase L-ASNase specific activity within the conjugate of ZnONPs-L-ASNase in comparison to its free state. The ZnONPs-L-ASNase conjugate showed the greatest and most substantial cytotoxic action against A375 with survival rate at 400 µg /mL about 45.8± 2.3. The IC50 value of 44.69 µg/ mL of ZnONPs- L-ASNase was calculated for A375 cells. In comparison, all substances exhibited weak to moderate cytotoxicity when tested against the normal cell line WRL-68. The ZnONPs-L-ASNase combination therapy resulted in a higher cytotoxic effect. This action could be attributed to the synergetic effects of both L-ASNase and the conjugated molecules ZnONPs.
{"title":"CYTOTOXIC EFFECT OF ASPARAGINASE PRODUCE FROM E.COLI AND CONJUGATED WITH ZNO NANOPARTICLES ON CANCER CELL LINES","authors":"Zahraa H. H H. A. Rasheed Researcher Lecturer, Dept. Biotech, Sci, Col.¸","doi":"10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v54i6.1866","url":null,"abstract":"This study was aimed to examine the anticancer activity of fabricated ZnONPs- L-ASNase conjugate against cancer and normal cell lines. Total of 127 bacterial isolates were taken from clinicalandenvironmentalsamples then identified as E.coli.In this work, 88 isolates were identified as E.coli.L-asparaginase produced from E.coli were screened¸clinical Isolates of E.coli from urine sample have the potential to produce asparaginase that is responsible for cytotoxicity¸the optimal culture conditions for the development of the enzyme L-asparaginase were determined to be 37ºC and pH8. Nitrogen sourceconcentrations at 0.9gm/ml were discovered to maximize enzyme production. L-asparaginase then purified by two steps that includeion exchange column and gel filtration. Purification and recovery percentage for L-ASNase was 6.21%, 10.34% respectively. Effective conjugation was approved by UV-visible spectroscopy. ZnO nanoparticles exhibit absorbance peaks approximately 200-300 nm. XRD analysis confirmed the crystallite size of the ZnO nanoparticles was observed to be 18.4 nm. The activity of L-ASNase in the ZnONPs-L-ASNasewas detected by a direct nesslerization method and the findings showed a substantial increase L-ASNase specific activity within the conjugate of ZnONPs-L-ASNase in comparison to its free state. The ZnONPs-L-ASNase conjugate showed the greatest and most substantial cytotoxic action against A375 with survival rate at 400 µg /mL about 45.8± 2.3. The IC50 value of 44.69 µg/ mL of ZnONPs- L-ASNase was calculated for A375 cells. In comparison, all substances exhibited weak to moderate cytotoxicity when tested against the normal cell line WRL-68. The ZnONPs-L-ASNase combination therapy resulted in a higher cytotoxic effect. This action could be attributed to the synergetic effects of both L-ASNase and the conjugated molecules ZnONPs.","PeriodicalId":14562,"journal":{"name":"IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES","volume":"53 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139146624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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