Pub Date : 2017-05-21DOI: 10.1109/PLASMA.2017.8496348
A. Safronova, V. Kantsyrev, V. Shlyaptseva, I. Shrestha, M. Schmidt-Petersen, C. Butcher, A. Stafford, K. Schultz, M. Cooper, P. Campbell, A. Steiner, D. Yager-Elorriaga, N. Jordan, R. Mcbride, R. Gilgenbach, J. Giuliani, A. Velikovich, A. Chuvatin
Since the first wire-array tungsten (W) experiments on Z at SNL, where the record x-ray power of 200 TW and x-ray yield of nearly 2 MJ were achieved 1, such arrays were actively studied and considered for various applications including inertial confinement fusion (ICF) 2. More recently, W Double Planar Wire Arrays (DPWAs) were suggested and tested for indirect drive ICF 3. DPWA consists of two parallel planes of wires of the same (uniform) or different (mixed) wire materials. W DPWAs have previously demonstrated the highest (among PWAs) radiation yield (up to 30 kJ), compact size (few mm), and strong electron beams at the Universityscale high-impedance generator 3. During the last few years we have reported on the outcome of the experiments with uniform and mixed Al and stainless steel DPWAs on the University of Michigan’s low-impedance Linear Transformer Driver (LTD) MAIZE generator. Here we present the results of the most recent campaign with W and W/Al DPWAs recorded using filtered x-ray diodes, x-ray spectrometers and pinhole cameras, and a twelve frame shadowgraphy system. For the first time, implosion of W wire arrays on LTD generator in USA was demonstrated and analyzed. In particular, uniform W and mixed W/Al DPWAs with a mass up to 87 μg arranged in various configurations were successfully imploded at the current of 0.5 MA during $sim 210$ns. The most interesting results were obtained with W/Al DPWAs where a long-term standing shock wave was consistently formed at the W side, which was also observed at the high-impedance Zebra generator at UNR. In addition, soft (4-7 Å) and hard (1-2.4 Å) line radiation was substantially suppressed by including the Al plane.
{"title":"Tungsten Planar Wire Arrays On Michigan’s Ltd Generator","authors":"A. Safronova, V. Kantsyrev, V. Shlyaptseva, I. Shrestha, M. Schmidt-Petersen, C. Butcher, A. Stafford, K. Schultz, M. Cooper, P. Campbell, A. Steiner, D. Yager-Elorriaga, N. Jordan, R. Mcbride, R. Gilgenbach, J. Giuliani, A. Velikovich, A. Chuvatin","doi":"10.1109/PLASMA.2017.8496348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PLASMA.2017.8496348","url":null,"abstract":"Since the first wire-array tungsten (W) experiments on Z at SNL, where the record x-ray power of 200 TW and x-ray yield of nearly 2 MJ were achieved 1, such arrays were actively studied and considered for various applications including inertial confinement fusion (ICF) 2. More recently, W Double Planar Wire Arrays (DPWAs) were suggested and tested for indirect drive ICF 3. DPWA consists of two parallel planes of wires of the same (uniform) or different (mixed) wire materials. W DPWAs have previously demonstrated the highest (among PWAs) radiation yield (up to 30 kJ), compact size (few mm), and strong electron beams at the Universityscale high-impedance generator 3. During the last few years we have reported on the outcome of the experiments with uniform and mixed Al and stainless steel DPWAs on the University of Michigan’s low-impedance Linear Transformer Driver (LTD) MAIZE generator. Here we present the results of the most recent campaign with W and W/Al DPWAs recorded using filtered x-ray diodes, x-ray spectrometers and pinhole cameras, and a twelve frame shadowgraphy system. For the first time, implosion of W wire arrays on LTD generator in USA was demonstrated and analyzed. In particular, uniform W and mixed W/Al DPWAs with a mass up to 87 μg arranged in various configurations were successfully imploded at the current of 0.5 MA during $sim 210$ns. The most interesting results were obtained with W/Al DPWAs where a long-term standing shock wave was consistently formed at the W side, which was also observed at the high-impedance Zebra generator at UNR. In addition, soft (4-7 Å) and hard (1-2.4 Å) line radiation was substantially suppressed by including the Al plane.","PeriodicalId":145705,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science (ICOPS)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122434726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-21DOI: 10.1109/PLASMA.2017.8496255
H. Seo, Dong Ha Kim, G. Bae, H. Tae, C. Park, W. Kim, B. Shin, Sung-O Kim
Recently, nanosatellites (nanosats) electric propulsion systems have attracted attention to researchers due to very simple structure and low delivery cost1. However, present electric propulsion system, such as hall effect thruster, arcjets, and plasma thrusters, have low thrust, short lifetime, no flexibility2. Among various thruster systems, the plasma thruster has versatile advantages such as high specific impulse and small size for future nanosats. However, it is difficult to generate high thrust because the plasma, which is produced by conventional devices, has low energy. In addition, these conventional plasma thrusters also are difficult to change direction because these thrusters have limited flexibility. New solutions must be offered to space mission designers to overcome these limitations. Here, we have proposed the highly energetic intense coupled microplasma with a single bundle of three hollow-core optical fibers to obtain both the high thrust and flexibility. The proposed flexible microplasma thruster, which has a protruded optical-fiber, can generate the highly energetic intense coupled microplasma with a strong plasma emission and a high thrust. The detailed novel microplasma device, microplasma physics, discharge and thrust characteristics, currents, fluid simulation, high-speed intensified chargecoupled device (ICCD) images, and more detailed mechanism are studied and will be discussed in detail. This research contributes to better understanding on the novel structure and design of future microplasma thruster system by analyzing microplasma phenomena.
{"title":"Microplasma Jet Device For Plasma Thruster","authors":"H. Seo, Dong Ha Kim, G. Bae, H. Tae, C. Park, W. Kim, B. Shin, Sung-O Kim","doi":"10.1109/PLASMA.2017.8496255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PLASMA.2017.8496255","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, nanosatellites (nanosats) electric propulsion systems have attracted attention to researchers due to very simple structure and low delivery cost1. However, present electric propulsion system, such as hall effect thruster, arcjets, and plasma thrusters, have low thrust, short lifetime, no flexibility2. Among various thruster systems, the plasma thruster has versatile advantages such as high specific impulse and small size for future nanosats. However, it is difficult to generate high thrust because the plasma, which is produced by conventional devices, has low energy. In addition, these conventional plasma thrusters also are difficult to change direction because these thrusters have limited flexibility. New solutions must be offered to space mission designers to overcome these limitations. Here, we have proposed the highly energetic intense coupled microplasma with a single bundle of three hollow-core optical fibers to obtain both the high thrust and flexibility. The proposed flexible microplasma thruster, which has a protruded optical-fiber, can generate the highly energetic intense coupled microplasma with a strong plasma emission and a high thrust. The detailed novel microplasma device, microplasma physics, discharge and thrust characteristics, currents, fluid simulation, high-speed intensified chargecoupled device (ICCD) images, and more detailed mechanism are studied and will be discussed in detail. This research contributes to better understanding on the novel structure and design of future microplasma thruster system by analyzing microplasma phenomena.","PeriodicalId":145705,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science (ICOPS)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133913778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-21DOI: 10.1109/PLASMA.2017.8495982
Cigdem Dulgerbaki, A. Oksuz
Poly(3-methylthiophene) (PMeT)/tungsten oxide (WO3 hybrid films were fabricated by electropolymerization of MeT monomers onto WO3 coated indium tin oxide (ITO) glass slides, which were prepared by electrodeposition technique. Hybrid films synthesized electrochemically in 1butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (BMIMBF4, 1butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (BMIMPF6, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide (BMIMTFSI) and 1-butyl-1methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide (BMPTFSI) were applied to electrochromic device designs. Electrochromic characteristics of the devices such as optical modulation, coloration efficiency, switching time and stability were evaluated as the materials were switched between oxidized and reduced states. We fabricated electrochromic hybrid films consisting of WO3 and that exhibited a large, stable, and reversible electrochromic modulations with an applied electrical potential. Highest optical modulation was observed as 57.92% for PMeT/WO3/BMIMTFSI hybrid film. The hybrid films also show stable electrochromism even after 1000 scans. The electrochemical, structural and morphological analyses of the fabricated films were performed by using Cyclic Voltammetry (CV), X-rays Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). CV results revealed that PMeT /WO3 hybrid films have much more electrochemical activity than those of WO3 and polymer film1. In hybrid films, crystalline structures decreased compared to WO3, and more amorphous arrangements have been introduced2. The morphological properties of the hybrids changed depending on characteristics of ionic liquids.
{"title":"Design Of Electrochromic Hybrid Poly(3-Methylthiophene)/Wo3 Materials Via Electrochemical Route","authors":"Cigdem Dulgerbaki, A. Oksuz","doi":"10.1109/PLASMA.2017.8495982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PLASMA.2017.8495982","url":null,"abstract":"Poly(3-methylthiophene) (PMeT)/tungsten oxide (WO3 hybrid films were fabricated by electropolymerization of MeT monomers onto WO3 coated indium tin oxide (ITO) glass slides, which were prepared by electrodeposition technique. Hybrid films synthesized electrochemically in 1butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (BMIMBF4, 1butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (BMIMPF6, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide (BMIMTFSI) and 1-butyl-1methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide (BMPTFSI) were applied to electrochromic device designs. Electrochromic characteristics of the devices such as optical modulation, coloration efficiency, switching time and stability were evaluated as the materials were switched between oxidized and reduced states. We fabricated electrochromic hybrid films consisting of WO3 and that exhibited a large, stable, and reversible electrochromic modulations with an applied electrical potential. Highest optical modulation was observed as 57.92% for PMeT/WO3/BMIMTFSI hybrid film. The hybrid films also show stable electrochromism even after 1000 scans. The electrochemical, structural and morphological analyses of the fabricated films were performed by using Cyclic Voltammetry (CV), X-rays Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). CV results revealed that PMeT /WO3 hybrid films have much more electrochemical activity than those of WO3 and polymer film1. In hybrid films, crystalline structures decreased compared to WO3, and more amorphous arrangements have been introduced2. The morphological properties of the hybrids changed depending on characteristics of ionic liquids.","PeriodicalId":145705,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science (ICOPS)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133676330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-21DOI: 10.1109/PLASMA.2017.8496204
Li Zhang, Dezheng Yang, Jing Feng, Tao Shao, Shuang Zhang
As an effective method to optimize the ionization efficiency, [1] high voltage nanosecond pulsed discharge (NPD) has become an emerging technology for the production of nonthermal plasma at atmospheric pressure. Besides the unique advantages in the applications, the gas rapid breakdown mechanism, the discharge mode transition, and the physicochemical processes in NPD are also very significance for the fast pulse voltage. In our work, high resolution temporal-spatial spectra and images are employed to investigate the rapid breakdown mechanism and dynamical evolution process of high-voltage nanosecond pulsed dielectric barrier discharge under needle-plate electrode configuration at atmospheric air. Evolution dynamic processes in a discharge pulse are observed by one-shot ICCD images. There are three main stages in NPD are distinguished, which are the streamer breakdown from needle tip to plate electrode, the regime transition from streamer to diffuse, and the propagation of surface discharge on the plate electrode surface. The temporal-spatial distributions of the emission intensities of N2 (C3∏u→ B3∏g) and N2+ (B2∑u+→ X2∑g+) are investigated and the reduced electric field (E/N) can be calculated by the intensity ratio from the first negative systems of nitrogen ion and second positive systems of nitrogen molecular. It is found the spectra of N2+ (B2∑u+→ X2∑g+) are mainly emitted from the region near the needle tip in the initial period of the breakdown process. The electrical field is maximum on the edge of the needle electrode at the initial time, and decreases with the increase of distance from the needle. After the volume discharge is extinguished at 35–40 ns, an obvious increase of the electrical field near the surface of the dielectric plate appears, which drives the surface discharge propagating to the periphery along the dielectric plate.
{"title":"Evolution Processes of Nanosecond Pulsed Dielectric Barrier Discharge by Spatiotemporal Resolved Spectra in Needle-Plate Electrode Configuration","authors":"Li Zhang, Dezheng Yang, Jing Feng, Tao Shao, Shuang Zhang","doi":"10.1109/PLASMA.2017.8496204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PLASMA.2017.8496204","url":null,"abstract":"As an effective method to optimize the ionization efficiency, [1] high voltage nanosecond pulsed discharge (NPD) has become an emerging technology for the production of nonthermal plasma at atmospheric pressure. Besides the unique advantages in the applications, the gas rapid breakdown mechanism, the discharge mode transition, and the physicochemical processes in NPD are also very significance for the fast pulse voltage. In our work, high resolution temporal-spatial spectra and images are employed to investigate the rapid breakdown mechanism and dynamical evolution process of high-voltage nanosecond pulsed dielectric barrier discharge under needle-plate electrode configuration at atmospheric air. Evolution dynamic processes in a discharge pulse are observed by one-shot ICCD images. There are three main stages in NPD are distinguished, which are the streamer breakdown from needle tip to plate electrode, the regime transition from streamer to diffuse, and the propagation of surface discharge on the plate electrode surface. The temporal-spatial distributions of the emission intensities of N<inf>2</inf> (C<sup>3</sup>∏<inf>u</inf>→ B<sup>3</sup>∏<inf>g</inf>) and N<inf>2</inf><sup>+</sup> (B<sup>2</sup>∑<inf>u</inf><sup>+</sup>→ X<sup>2</sup>∑<inf>g</inf><sup>+</sup>) are investigated and the reduced electric field (E/N) can be calculated by the intensity ratio from the first negative systems of nitrogen ion and second positive systems of nitrogen molecular. It is found the spectra of N<inf>2</inf><sup>+</sup> (B<sup>2</sup>∑<inf>u</inf><sup>+</sup>→ X<sup>2</sup>∑<inf>g</inf><sup>+</sup>) are mainly emitted from the region near the needle tip in the initial period of the breakdown process. The electrical field is maximum on the edge of the needle electrode at the initial time, and decreases with the increase of distance from the needle. After the volume discharge is extinguished at 35–40 ns, an obvious increase of the electrical field near the surface of the dielectric plate appears, which drives the surface discharge propagating to the periphery along the dielectric plate.","PeriodicalId":145705,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science (ICOPS)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126005420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-21DOI: 10.1109/PLASMA.2017.8496309
P. Ortwein, S. Copplestone, C. Munz, T. Binder, A. Mirza, P. Nizenkov, M. Pfeiffer, W. Reschke, S. Fasoulas
The PICLas 1 code is a parallel high-order three dimensional coupled particle-in-cell and direct simulation Monte Carlo solver. As other state-of-the-art simulation codes, PICLas couples methods that consider charged particles within electrostatic or electromagnetic fields as well as particle collisions with chemical reactions, which are handled in a stochastic manner. Possible chemical reactions that occur within a plasma are modeled by employing macroscopic Arrhenius or microscopic Q-K models. Application areas include the simulation of gyrotron tubes, electric propulsion systems, atmospheric entry maneuvers and laser ablation.
{"title":"Piclas: A Highly Flexible Particle Code for the Simulation of Reactive Plasma Flows","authors":"P. Ortwein, S. Copplestone, C. Munz, T. Binder, A. Mirza, P. Nizenkov, M. Pfeiffer, W. Reschke, S. Fasoulas","doi":"10.1109/PLASMA.2017.8496309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PLASMA.2017.8496309","url":null,"abstract":"The PICLas 1 code is a parallel high-order three dimensional coupled particle-in-cell and direct simulation Monte Carlo solver. As other state-of-the-art simulation codes, PICLas couples methods that consider charged particles within electrostatic or electromagnetic fields as well as particle collisions with chemical reactions, which are handled in a stochastic manner. Possible chemical reactions that occur within a plasma are modeled by employing macroscopic Arrhenius or microscopic Q-K models. Application areas include the simulation of gyrotron tubes, electric propulsion systems, atmospheric entry maneuvers and laser ablation.","PeriodicalId":145705,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science (ICOPS)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125167911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-21DOI: 10.1109/PLASMA.2017.8496200
E. Tokluoglu, I. Kaganovich, J. Carlsson, K. Hara, A. Powis
Propagation of charged particle beams in background plasma as a method of space charge neutralization has been shown to achieve high degrees of charge and current neutralization and therefore can enable nearly ballistic propagation and focusing of charged particle beams. Correspondingly, use of plasmas for propagation of charged particle beams has important applications for transport and focusing of intense particle beams in electric propulsion, inertial fusion and high energy density laboratory plasma physics. However, the streaming of beam ions through a background plasma can lead to development of the two-stream instability between the beam ions and the plasma electrons [1, 2]. The electric and magnetic self-fields enhanced by the two-stream instability can lead to defocusing of the ion beam and fast scattering of an electron beam. Using particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations, we study the scaling of the instability-driven selfelectromagnetic fields and consequent defocusing forces with the background plasma density and beam ion mass. We identify plasma parameters where the defocusing forces can be reduced.
{"title":"Amplification Due to the Two-Stream Instability of Self-Electric and Magnetic Fields of an Ion or Electron Beam Propagating in Background Plasma","authors":"E. Tokluoglu, I. Kaganovich, J. Carlsson, K. Hara, A. Powis","doi":"10.1109/PLASMA.2017.8496200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PLASMA.2017.8496200","url":null,"abstract":"Propagation of charged particle beams in background plasma as a method of space charge neutralization has been shown to achieve high degrees of charge and current neutralization and therefore can enable nearly ballistic propagation and focusing of charged particle beams. Correspondingly, use of plasmas for propagation of charged particle beams has important applications for transport and focusing of intense particle beams in electric propulsion, inertial fusion and high energy density laboratory plasma physics. However, the streaming of beam ions through a background plasma can lead to development of the two-stream instability between the beam ions and the plasma electrons [1, 2]. The electric and magnetic self-fields enhanced by the two-stream instability can lead to defocusing of the ion beam and fast scattering of an electron beam. Using particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations, we study the scaling of the instability-driven selfelectromagnetic fields and consequent defocusing forces with the background plasma density and beam ion mass. We identify plasma parameters where the defocusing forces can be reduced.","PeriodicalId":145705,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science (ICOPS)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114018617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-21DOI: 10.1109/PLASMA.2017.8496015
A. McFarlane, Daniel Piątek, Isaac Guevera, Daniel E. Guerrero, J. López, C. Antonacci, G. Buonopane
Plants require certain aspects to grow and survive. Environmental conditions greatly contribute to the growth cycle of plants. These environmental conditions include proper sunlight, water, and nutrient concentrations. However, certain stressors that interact with the plant during germination can cause the seedling to change in its physical composition. One such stressor that can be introduced to the plant is an atmospheric helium cold plasma jet. This jet has been shown to increase the overall yield of cultivation.
{"title":"Investigating the Growth Modification of Various Plant Species via Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jets","authors":"A. McFarlane, Daniel Piątek, Isaac Guevera, Daniel E. Guerrero, J. López, C. Antonacci, G. Buonopane","doi":"10.1109/PLASMA.2017.8496015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PLASMA.2017.8496015","url":null,"abstract":"Plants require certain aspects to grow and survive. Environmental conditions greatly contribute to the growth cycle of plants. These environmental conditions include proper sunlight, water, and nutrient concentrations. However, certain stressors that interact with the plant during germination can cause the seedling to change in its physical composition. One such stressor that can be introduced to the plant is an atmospheric helium cold plasma jet. This jet has been shown to increase the overall yield of cultivation.","PeriodicalId":145705,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science (ICOPS)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115920316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-21DOI: 10.1109/PLASMA.2017.8496326
Andrew D. Strongrich, Gayathri Shivkumar, Alina A. Alexeenko, D. Peroulis
Electrical breakdown at threshold voltages predicted by Paschen's law occurs due to electron avalanches created by electron impact ionization and secondary electron emission from the electrodes. For a typical gas discharge, breakdown marks the end of the Townsend dark discharge regime and is followed by the normal glow regime where the current stays constant over a long range of voltages. For such a discharge, the electrode sheath is sustained by secondary electrons and the sheath thickness corresponds to the electrode gap at Stoletov's point for a given gas pressure 1. At microscale electrode gaps, quantum tunneling of electrons from the cathode, termed field emission, becomes significant thereby reducing the breakdown voltage. This follows the modified Paschen curve 2. However, breakdown in some configurations, namely planar electrodes, is not followed by the normal glow regime, but transitions directly into the arc regime where the current spikes to high values 3.
{"title":"Dark-to-Arc Transition in Air for Planar Electrodes with Microscale Gaps *","authors":"Andrew D. Strongrich, Gayathri Shivkumar, Alina A. Alexeenko, D. Peroulis","doi":"10.1109/PLASMA.2017.8496326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PLASMA.2017.8496326","url":null,"abstract":"Electrical breakdown at threshold voltages predicted by Paschen's law occurs due to electron avalanches created by electron impact ionization and secondary electron emission from the electrodes. For a typical gas discharge, breakdown marks the end of the Townsend dark discharge regime and is followed by the normal glow regime where the current stays constant over a long range of voltages. For such a discharge, the electrode sheath is sustained by secondary electrons and the sheath thickness corresponds to the electrode gap at Stoletov's point for a given gas pressure 1. At microscale electrode gaps, quantum tunneling of electrons from the cathode, termed field emission, becomes significant thereby reducing the breakdown voltage. This follows the modified Paschen curve 2. However, breakdown in some configurations, namely planar electrodes, is not followed by the normal glow regime, but transitions directly into the arc regime where the current spikes to high values 3.","PeriodicalId":145705,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science (ICOPS)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128942971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-21DOI: 10.1109/PLASMA.2017.8496078
Magesh T. Rajan, Ashley Wilkins, Brandon Phung
Our Plasma Engineering Research Lab (PERL) has been developing a variety of non-thermal plasma discharges for a range of applications. One of our recent development is a portable table-top atmospheric pressure non-thermal air plasma system using a resistive barrier discharge configuration that has been designed and developed for bacterial decontamination and sterilization of a range of items in a very simple one-touch operation. In this work, we will present the results of inactivation efficacies of bacteria that causes hospital acquired infections (HAI). The portable table-top atmospheric pressure non-thermal air plasma system is designed to inactivate bacteria in medical instruments of varied surface texture such as metals, polymers and glasses. The portable table-top atmospheric pressure non-thermal air plasma system is designed to function at standard 50-60 Hz low frequency AC power input and in the ambient air. The core resistive barrier plasma setup used in this system is well characterized by our group. Ozone, and nitric oxides (NO) were observed to be the predominant long lived reactive species produced by the portable table-top atmospheric pressure non-thermal air plasma system. The results of the bacterial inactivation on variety of medical surfaces will be presented in detail.
{"title":"Atmospheric Pressure Cold Plasma Application for Hospital Sterilization","authors":"Magesh T. Rajan, Ashley Wilkins, Brandon Phung","doi":"10.1109/PLASMA.2017.8496078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PLASMA.2017.8496078","url":null,"abstract":"Our Plasma Engineering Research Lab (PERL) has been developing a variety of non-thermal plasma discharges for a range of applications. One of our recent development is a portable table-top atmospheric pressure non-thermal air plasma system using a resistive barrier discharge configuration that has been designed and developed for bacterial decontamination and sterilization of a range of items in a very simple one-touch operation. In this work, we will present the results of inactivation efficacies of bacteria that causes hospital acquired infections (HAI). The portable table-top atmospheric pressure non-thermal air plasma system is designed to inactivate bacteria in medical instruments of varied surface texture such as metals, polymers and glasses. The portable table-top atmospheric pressure non-thermal air plasma system is designed to function at standard 50-60 Hz low frequency AC power input and in the ambient air. The core resistive barrier plasma setup used in this system is well characterized by our group. Ozone, and nitric oxides (NO) were observed to be the predominant long lived reactive species produced by the portable table-top atmospheric pressure non-thermal air plasma system. The results of the bacterial inactivation on variety of medical surfaces will be presented in detail.","PeriodicalId":145705,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science (ICOPS)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129642189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-21DOI: 10.1109/PLASMA.2017.8496370
S. Yao
Plasma oxidation of particulate matter (PM) from a diesel engine has been obtained much attention as it can solve some problems which current PM removal technologies cannot overcome. This report summaries plasma oxidation of PM from basic study to practical application. Firstly, PM oxidation was confirmed with a single pulse discharge technology using a streak camera equipped with a monochromator. The thermal combustion of some carbon materials (main component of PM) was characterized using a thermal gravity with a mass spectrometer, the results show that PM with oxygen/hydrogen bonds has a lower combustion temperature. The mechanism of PM plasma oxidation is that PM is first oxidized and then burn off by analyzing PM distributions with and without plasmas. For a practical use of plasma PM oxidation, the waveform types of pulse power supplies and dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactors were developed and evaluated, on which a pulse power supply and DBD reactor can be designed. Recently, special plasma-catalytic reactor for PM oxidation was developed, it was found that PM, hydrocarbon, and NOx can be simultaneously removed. The future development of plasma-catalytic PM oxidation is given.
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