In forensic anthropology, the histological structure of compact bone is useful for distinguishing human from non-human bone and for age estimation. A saw mark on the bone surface is also analyzed to estimate the implement that cut the bone. However, extensive time and technical proˆciency are required to prepare a specimen for obtaining a clear image of the compact bone structure in optical microscopy. Moreover, clear detection of a saw mark is inhibited by the limited focal depth of optical microscopy and by the color tone of bones. The purpose of this study is to evaluate imaging mode of scanning electron microscope (SEM) and preparation of bone specimen to readily obtain a clear image of the compact bone structure and saw mark in a shorter time. In this paper, a transverse section of a long bone was polished to a mirror ˆnish, completed within a few minutes by a simple method, to observe the compact bone structure. In consequence, Haversian canal, bone lacuna, and lamellar structure in the compact bone were clearly observed with compositional (COMPO) image in the backscattered electron mode. Meanwhile, the saw mark was also clearly recognized as a convexo-concave on the transverse section of the long bone with topographic (TOPO) image in the backscattered electron mode. Thus, SEM is useful to observe the compact bone structure and saw mark simply, rapidly, and clearly for practical use in forensic anthropology.
{"title":"Usefulness of scanning electron microscope for observation of compact bone structure and saw mark","authors":"T. Nakagawa, M. Doi","doi":"10.3408/jafst.761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3408/jafst.761","url":null,"abstract":"In forensic anthropology, the histological structure of compact bone is useful for distinguishing human from non-human bone and for age estimation. A saw mark on the bone surface is also analyzed to estimate the implement that cut the bone. However, extensive time and technical proˆciency are required to prepare a specimen for obtaining a clear image of the compact bone structure in optical microscopy. Moreover, clear detection of a saw mark is inhibited by the limited focal depth of optical microscopy and by the color tone of bones. The purpose of this study is to evaluate imaging mode of scanning electron microscope (SEM) and preparation of bone specimen to readily obtain a clear image of the compact bone structure and saw mark in a shorter time. In this paper, a transverse section of a long bone was polished to a mirror ˆnish, completed within a few minutes by a simple method, to observe the compact bone structure. In consequence, Haversian canal, bone lacuna, and lamellar structure in the compact bone were clearly observed with compositional (COMPO) image in the backscattered electron mode. Meanwhile, the saw mark was also clearly recognized as a convexo-concave on the transverse section of the long bone with topographic (TOPO) image in the backscattered electron mode. Thus, SEM is useful to observe the compact bone structure and saw mark simply, rapidly, and clearly for practical use in forensic anthropology.","PeriodicalId":14709,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Forensic Science and Technology","volume":"34 1","pages":"83-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81786150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
DOI: 10.3408 / jafst.766 ) In the Japanese population, D19S433 silent allele is rarely detected in cases of testing with commercial STR kits. The silent allele causes inconsistency of STR typing results between kits and false negative parentage despite the true biological parentage. The cause of this problematical mismatch is reported that the mutation is a base change ( G ＞ A ) 32 nucleotides downstream from the 3 ′ end of the AAGG repeats ( G32A ) , so reverse primer in STR kits fail to anneal to the binding site, con-sequently no STR peak or extremely low peak is detected. In this study, volunteers originated from 4 silent-allelic pedigrees are examined whether the silent allele was judged by AmpFlSTR Identiˆler Plus PCR ampliˆcation kit, PowerPlex Fusion system, and GlobalFiler PCR ampliˆcation kit, furthermore they carry G32A mutation or not by direct sequencing, SNaPshot genotyping, and TaqMan genotyping. In conclusion, it has been identiˆed that all silent-allelic peaks are caused by G32A mutation and followed by Mendelian genetics. Actually, some factors in‰uence the for-mation of silent allele, such as primer binding ˆdelity, improvement of other PCR reagents, and PCR cycle conditions. When the suspected silent-allelic peak appears, additional tests with multiple STR kits which containing
{"title":"Examination of method to detect silent allele on D19S433 locus","authors":"Yukinobu Kutsuwada","doi":"10.3408/jafst.766","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3408/jafst.766","url":null,"abstract":"DOI: 10.3408 / jafst.766 ) In the Japanese population, D19S433 silent allele is rarely detected in cases of testing with commercial STR kits. The silent allele causes inconsistency of STR typing results between kits and false negative parentage despite the true biological parentage. The cause of this problematical mismatch is reported that the mutation is a base change ( G ＞ A ) 32 nucleotides downstream from the 3 ′ end of the AAGG repeats ( G32A ) , so reverse primer in STR kits fail to anneal to the binding site, con-sequently no STR peak or extremely low peak is detected. In this study, volunteers originated from 4 silent-allelic pedigrees are examined whether the silent allele was judged by AmpFlSTR Identiˆler Plus PCR ampliˆcation kit, PowerPlex Fusion system, and GlobalFiler PCR ampliˆcation kit, furthermore they carry G32A mutation or not by direct sequencing, SNaPshot genotyping, and TaqMan genotyping. In conclusion, it has been identiˆed that all silent-allelic peaks are caused by G32A mutation and followed by Mendelian genetics. Actually, some factors in‰uence the for-mation of silent allele, such as primer binding ˆdelity, improvement of other PCR reagents, and PCR cycle conditions. When the suspected silent-allelic peak appears, additional tests with multiple STR kits which containing","PeriodicalId":14709,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Forensic Science and Technology","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87517820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Quantification methods for within-series physiological variations in the concealed information test","authors":"Tokihiro Ogawa, Mariko Hosoe, Natsu Nomura, Michiko Tsuneoka","doi":"10.3408/jafst.792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3408/jafst.792","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14709,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Forensic Science and Technology","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81261036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
STAGE DOI: 10.3408 / jafst.773 ) In order to establish the method for discriminating between oral ingestion ( internal use ) and dermal absorption ( external use ) of diphenhydramine ( DPH ) using biological ‰uids, the excretion proˆles of unchanged DPH and its metabolites in urine as well as time-course changes in blood concentration of DPH have been inves-tigated. Urine and blood specimens were obtained from volunteer users of either the sleep-inducing drug Drewell tablet or the antipruritic drug New Restamin Kowa ointment. Unchanged and its metabolites were identiˆed and quantiˆed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with a C 18 semi-micro column. DPH and its three metabolites, diphenhydramine N -oxide, N -desmethyl diphenhydramine and diphenhydramine N -glucuronide, have been detected, for the ˆrst time, in urine after dermal absorption, and the urinary excretion proˆles of DPH and the metabolites were observed along with those after oral ingestion. Maximum concentration times of DPH and its metabolites in urine were between 21 and 73 hours in dermal absorption, and between 4 and 21 hours in oral ingestion. Maximum concentration times of DPH in blood for dermal absorption were also larger than those for oral ingestion. These results suggested that absorption of DPH through the skin occurs more In addition, the maximum concentrations of DPH and its metabolites in urine after oral ingestion were ten to hundred times higher than those after dermal absorption, which suggests that the urinary concentration of DPH and its metabolites could be applicable as the indexes which allow to discriminate between internal and external uses. The ˆndings obtained in this study will be indispensable as the fundamental in-formation for discussing intake situations of DPH in the forensic ˆelds.
{"title":"Discrimination between internal and external uses by analysis of urine and blood from diphenhydramine users","authors":"K. Sasaki, Akari Ishikawa, N. Shima, H. Kamata, Atsushi Nitta, Ryutaro Asai, Misato Wada, Hidenao Kakehashi, Shihoko Nakano, S. Matsuta, Tooru Kamata, H. Nishioka, A. Miki, M. Katagi","doi":"10.3408/jafst.773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3408/jafst.773","url":null,"abstract":" STAGE DOI: 10.3408 / jafst.773 ) In order to establish the method for discriminating between oral ingestion ( internal use ) and dermal absorption ( external use ) of diphenhydramine ( DPH ) using biological ‰uids, the excretion proˆles of unchanged DPH and its metabolites in urine as well as time-course changes in blood concentration of DPH have been inves-tigated. Urine and blood specimens were obtained from volunteer users of either the sleep-inducing drug Drewell tablet or the antipruritic drug New Restamin Kowa ointment. Unchanged and its metabolites were identiˆed and quantiˆed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with a C 18 semi-micro column. DPH and its three metabolites, diphenhydramine N -oxide, N -desmethyl diphenhydramine and diphenhydramine N -glucuronide, have been detected, for the ˆrst time, in urine after dermal absorption, and the urinary excretion proˆles of DPH and the metabolites were observed along with those after oral ingestion. Maximum concentration times of DPH and its metabolites in urine were between 21 and 73 hours in dermal absorption, and between 4 and 21 hours in oral ingestion. Maximum concentration times of DPH in blood for dermal absorption were also larger than those for oral ingestion. These results suggested that absorption of DPH through the skin occurs more In addition, the maximum concentrations of DPH and its metabolites in urine after oral ingestion were ten to hundred times higher than those after dermal absorption, which suggests that the urinary concentration of DPH and its metabolites could be applicable as the indexes which allow to discriminate between internal and external uses. The ˆndings obtained in this study will be indispensable as the fundamental in-formation for discussing intake situations of DPH in the forensic ˆelds.","PeriodicalId":14709,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Forensic Science and Technology","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81264016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Forensic samples may include small plant fragments collected as trace evidence that are examined by microscopy and DNA analysis. These fragments are often recovered on adhesive tapes or sheets; as such, recovery must be carried out carefully so that important morphological features, including thorns or trichomes, are not destroyed. In this study, we investigated the use of organic solvents for the recovery of small plant fragments from adhesive tapes and sheets. Particularly, we examined the in‰uence of the solvent and of the adhesive compound on the DNA analyses. Therefore, our goal was to determine an appropriate recovery method for small plant fragments that did not have a negative impact on critical forensic analyses. Plant samples, including seeds and leaves, were attached to adhesive sheets or tapes and recovered with solvents such as water and organic solvents. The extent of recovery and the in‰uence of the adhesive compound and solvent on the subsequent DNA analyses were examined. After the immersion of plant samples in the solvent to detach them from the adhesive compound, DNA extraction and polymerase chain reaction ( PCR ) ampliˆcation were performed. Among our ˆndings, we determined that plant samples on most types of adhesive sheets can be recovered with tweezers alone and are appropriate for microscopic evaluation and DNA analysis. Organic solvents were used to recover samples attached to sheets with strong adhesives.
{"title":"Study on recovery of plant fragments from adhesive sheet and tape in forensic examination","authors":"Hiromi Itamiya, Kento Kumisaka, Hitomi S. Kikkawa, R. Sugita","doi":"10.3408/jafst.777","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3408/jafst.777","url":null,"abstract":"Forensic samples may include small plant fragments collected as trace evidence that are examined by microscopy and DNA analysis. These fragments are often recovered on adhesive tapes or sheets; as such, recovery must be carried out carefully so that important morphological features, including thorns or trichomes, are not destroyed. In this study, we investigated the use of organic solvents for the recovery of small plant fragments from adhesive tapes and sheets. Particularly, we examined the in‰uence of the solvent and of the adhesive compound on the DNA analyses. Therefore, our goal was to determine an appropriate recovery method for small plant fragments that did not have a negative impact on critical forensic analyses. Plant samples, including seeds and leaves, were attached to adhesive sheets or tapes and recovered with solvents such as water and organic solvents. The extent of recovery and the in‰uence of the adhesive compound and solvent on the subsequent DNA analyses were examined. After the immersion of plant samples in the solvent to detach them from the adhesive compound, DNA extraction and polymerase chain reaction ( PCR ) ampliˆcation were performed. Among our ˆndings, we determined that plant samples on most types of adhesive sheets can be recovered with tweezers alone and are appropriate for microscopic evaluation and DNA analysis. Organic solvents were used to recover samples attached to sheets with strong adhesives.","PeriodicalId":14709,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Forensic Science and Technology","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88025482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
STAGE DOI: 10.3408 / jafst.764 ) Discrimination between allele peaks and stutter peaks is important in STR typing for forensic purposes. In minus stutter, it is known that there are correlations between alleles and stutter ratios, but there are few reports on other types of stutter such as plus stutter. In this study, we examined the relationship of alleles to stutter ratios in Y-STR typing using the Yˆler TM Plus PCR Ampliˆcation Kit. DNA was extracted from blood samples collected from Japanese males and multiplex PCR ampliˆcation was performed with 1 ng DNA template. In minus stutter, high correlation coe‹cients ( r ＞ 0.7 ) between alleles and stutter ratios were observed in 23 of 25 markers. Meanwhile, in other types of stutter, only the forward stutter in DYS392 showed such a high correlation coe‹cient. These results can be used for interpretation
{"title":"Relationship of alleles to stutter ratios in Y-STR typing using the YfilerTM Plus PCR Amplification Kit","authors":"Haruhiko Watahiki, K. Fujii, Takashi Fukagawa, Yusuke Mita, Tetsushi Kitayama, N. Mizuno","doi":"10.3408/jafst.764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3408/jafst.764","url":null,"abstract":" STAGE DOI: 10.3408 / jafst.764 ) Discrimination between allele peaks and stutter peaks is important in STR typing for forensic purposes. In minus stutter, it is known that there are correlations between alleles and stutter ratios, but there are few reports on other types of stutter such as plus stutter. In this study, we examined the relationship of alleles to stutter ratios in Y-STR typing using the Yˆler TM Plus PCR Ampliˆcation Kit. DNA was extracted from blood samples collected from Japanese males and multiplex PCR ampliˆcation was performed with 1 ng DNA template. In minus stutter, high correlation coe‹cients ( r ＞ 0.7 ) between alleles and stutter ratios were observed in 23 of 25 markers. Meanwhile, in other types of stutter, only the forward stutter in DYS392 showed such a high correlation coe‹cient. These results can be used for interpretation","PeriodicalId":14709,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Forensic Science and Technology","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86154842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The accuracy of geographic proˆling for predicting a serial oŠender's home / base location was compared by using three diŠerent distance measures the Euclidean distance, the Manhattan distance, and the Shortest route distance using the data of 1,856 crimes committed by 124 residential burglars in Northern Tohoku area of Japan from 2004 to 2015. Logarithmic and the negative exponential coe‹cients were estimated as the distance decay function for each distance measure by using leave-one-out cross-validation. Also, search areas were calculated to compare the accuracy of geographic proˆling. Results of the Friedman's test indicated signiˆcant diŠerences in search areas of the three distance measures for tance when calculating the probability distribution for oŠenders committing crimes in a wide area that includes many edges, such as rivers, railroads, and mountains, as well as paths such as bridges and railroad crossings.
{"title":"Comparing accuracy of geographic profiling by differences in distance measures","authors":"Aiko Hanayama, Shumpei Haginoya, Hiroki Kuraishi","doi":"10.3408/JAFST.755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3408/JAFST.755","url":null,"abstract":"The accuracy of geographic proˆling for predicting a serial oŠender's home / base location was compared by using three diŠerent distance measures the Euclidean distance, the Manhattan distance, and the Shortest route distance using the data of 1,856 crimes committed by 124 residential burglars in Northern Tohoku area of Japan from 2004 to 2015. Logarithmic and the negative exponential coe‹cients were estimated as the distance decay function for each distance measure by using leave-one-out cross-validation. Also, search areas were calculated to compare the accuracy of geographic proˆling. Results of the Friedman's test indicated signiˆcant diŠerences in search areas of the three distance measures for tance when calculating the probability distribution for oŠenders committing crimes in a wide area that includes many edges, such as rivers, railroads, and mountains, as well as paths such as bridges and railroad crossings.","PeriodicalId":14709,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Forensic Science and Technology","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75722945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The isomers of ‰uoro-butyrylfentanyl, ‰uoro-isobutyrylfentanyl, and ‰uoromethoxyacetylfentanyl, in which the position of ‰uorine on the Nphenyl ring varies, were synthesized, characterized, and diŠerentiated by infrared (IR) spectroscopy, liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS), and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The isomers could be clearly diŠerentiated by their IR spectra. In the LC/MS chromatograms, the separation of the ‰uoro-butyrylfentanyl and ‰uoro-isobutyrylfentanyl isomers was insuŠicient. However, in the GC/MS extracted ion chromatograms, all compounds were completely separated. The LC/MS and GC/MS mass spectra of the isomers were similar, demonstrating that it is diŠicult to distinguish the positional isomers of ‰uorinated fentanyl analogs by their mass spectra.
{"title":"Characterization and differentiation of positional isomers of fluoro-fentanyl analogs by a combination of instrumental analyses","authors":"T. Kanamori, Y. Iwata, Hiroki Segawa, Tadashi Yamamuro, K. Kuwayama, K. Tsujikawa, H. Inoue","doi":"10.3408/JAFST.760","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3408/JAFST.760","url":null,"abstract":"The isomers of ‰uoro-butyrylfentanyl, ‰uoro-isobutyrylfentanyl, and ‰uoromethoxyacetylfentanyl, in which the position of ‰uorine on the Nphenyl ring varies, were synthesized, characterized, and diŠerentiated by infrared (IR) spectroscopy, liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS), and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The isomers could be clearly diŠerentiated by their IR spectra. In the LC/MS chromatograms, the separation of the ‰uoro-butyrylfentanyl and ‰uoro-isobutyrylfentanyl isomers was insuŠicient. However, in the GC/MS extracted ion chromatograms, all compounds were completely separated. The LC/MS and GC/MS mass spectra of the isomers were similar, demonstrating that it is diŠicult to distinguish the positional isomers of ‰uorinated fentanyl analogs by their mass spectra.","PeriodicalId":14709,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Forensic Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72638916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sea drifting cadavers: cases of the point and time of disaster entry","authors":"Yuta Maeda, Daizou Ozawa, Yasuhiro Kakiuchi, Y. Kakimoto, Shuichi Naganuma, Akihiro Iwakami, Y. Tanaka, Fumitaka Nakano, Yoshikazu Osaki, Masaki Hara, Y. Sato, Shinsuke Nakagawa, Akiko Toda, Masaya Okamura, K. Honda, Hiroyuki Inami, Y. Seto, Fumiko Satoh, M. Osawa","doi":"10.3408/JAFST.740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3408/JAFST.740","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14709,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Forensic Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79522501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analysis of cannabis components by growth stage using solid-phase microextraction and solvent extraction","authors":"T. Kudo, Akio Kiguchi, H. Fujii","doi":"10.3408/JAFST.758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3408/JAFST.758","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14709,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Forensic Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79843923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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