Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.21608/ZJAR.2021.175230
Mohammed E. A. Mohammed, M. Soliman, M. Hendawy, M. Hendawi
The aim of the present study was to investigate the following aspects; efficiency of abamectin alone or in binary mixtures with mineral oil and fertilizer against spider mite, Tetranychus urticae individuals, effect of adding mineral oil and fertilizer on physico-chemical properties of abamectin, residues determination of abamectin in cucumber fruits and effect of abamectin on yield of cucumber. The results show there were significant differences between treatments during two successive seasons, also, the results clear that adding fertilizer to mineral oil increasing efficiency. Regarding the results in case of 2017 summer season, the results with initial effect cleared that, mineral oil mixed with fertilizer recorded 62.0% reduction in individuals of Tetranychus urticae followed by abamectin alone, abamectin with mineral oil, mineral oil, abamectin with fertilizer and fertilizer. The same trend occurs in state of residual effect. The initial effect after 2 nd spray during 2017, summer season, outcomes clear that adding mineral oil to abamectin cause increasing efficiency to (67.5%) compared with abamectin alone (63%), while, the other treatments ranged between 25 to 52%. The same trend occure in state of residual effect. Also, the results illustrated that abamectin has high effective recorded (95.5%) in 2018 summer season after first spray. while, in case of the residual effect, it was found that adding fertilizer to abamectin reduce abamectin degradation, whereas recorded (96.3%) reduction. In case of yield, the treatments cause increasing in yield ranged between 5.1 to 61.9%. In case of physico-chemical properties, the results indicated that PH values ranged between 3.0 to 6.4, from high acidic to slightly acidic. Addition of fertilizer or mineral oil to abamectin cause increasing surface tension compared with abamectin alone (33.7, 40.6 compared with 31.06 dyn/cm). Also, the results showed that abamectin as acaricide completely disapperd in each treatment in the 12 th day of application. The fruits of cucumber are edible in the 6 th day after spray where the residues of abamectin were less than MRL (0.5)mg/kg -1 . The half life periods (T 1/2) were increased when addition mineral oil and fertilizer to abamectin.
{"title":"INFLUENCE OF ADDING MINERAL OIL AND FRTILIZER ON ABAMECTIN USED IN CONTROL SPIDER MITE, Tetranychus urticae KOCH INFESTING CUCUMBER","authors":"Mohammed E. A. Mohammed, M. Soliman, M. Hendawy, M. Hendawi","doi":"10.21608/ZJAR.2021.175230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ZJAR.2021.175230","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present study was to investigate the following aspects; efficiency of abamectin alone or in binary mixtures with mineral oil and fertilizer against spider mite, Tetranychus urticae individuals, effect of adding mineral oil and fertilizer on physico-chemical properties of abamectin, residues determination of abamectin in cucumber fruits and effect of abamectin on yield of cucumber. The results show there were significant differences between treatments during two successive seasons, also, the results clear that adding fertilizer to mineral oil increasing efficiency. Regarding the results in case of 2017 summer season, the results with initial effect cleared that, mineral oil mixed with fertilizer recorded 62.0% reduction in individuals of Tetranychus urticae followed by abamectin alone, abamectin with mineral oil, mineral oil, abamectin with fertilizer and fertilizer. The same trend occurs in state of residual effect. The initial effect after 2 nd spray during 2017, summer season, outcomes clear that adding mineral oil to abamectin cause increasing efficiency to (67.5%) compared with abamectin alone (63%), while, the other treatments ranged between 25 to 52%. The same trend occure in state of residual effect. Also, the results illustrated that abamectin has high effective recorded (95.5%) in 2018 summer season after first spray. while, in case of the residual effect, it was found that adding fertilizer to abamectin reduce abamectin degradation, whereas recorded (96.3%) reduction. In case of yield, the treatments cause increasing in yield ranged between 5.1 to 61.9%. In case of physico-chemical properties, the results indicated that PH values ranged between 3.0 to 6.4, from high acidic to slightly acidic. Addition of fertilizer or mineral oil to abamectin cause increasing surface tension compared with abamectin alone (33.7, 40.6 compared with 31.06 dyn/cm). Also, the results showed that abamectin as acaricide completely disapperd in each treatment in the 12 th day of application. The fruits of cucumber are edible in the 6 th day after spray where the residues of abamectin were less than MRL (0.5)mg/kg -1 . The half life periods (T 1/2) were increased when addition mineral oil and fertilizer to abamectin.","PeriodicalId":14975,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"48 1","pages":"345-355"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43296736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.21608/ZJAR.2021.175506
أروى نور الدين, محمد جابر عامر, أنور لبن
{"title":"أثر تطبيق نظم الري الحديثة على محصول القمح في محافظة الشرقية","authors":"أروى نور الدين, محمد جابر عامر, أنور لبن","doi":"10.21608/ZJAR.2021.175506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ZJAR.2021.175506","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14975,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"48 1","pages":"617-624"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45857519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.21608/ZJAR.2021.175505
سعدلي سليم سعدلي سليم, ماجدة عبد الله عبد العال, طه على الفيشاوى, محمد الخولى
استهدف البحث بصفة رئيسية دراسة معوقات استخدام الزراع لوسائل الاتصال الإلکتروني في الإرشاد الزراعى، ولتحقيق هذا الهدف تم صياغة الأهداف البحثية الفرعية التالية: التعرف على بعض الخصائص المميزة للمبحوثين والتعرف على الأجهزة التي يستخدمها المبحوثين في الحصول على معلوماتهم، والتعرف على المواقع التي يستخدمها المبحوثين للحصول على المعلومات، وتحديد درجة استفادة المبحوثين من الاتصال الإلکتروني في الإرشاد الزراعي والعوامل المرتبطة بها، والتعرف على المعوقات التي تواجه المبحوثين عند استخدام وسائل الاتصال الإلکترونية ومقترحاتهم للحد منها، وأجرى هذا البحث في محافظة الشرقية وبلغت عينة البحث 370 مبحوثا من المستخدمين لوسائل الاتصال الالکترونية، وأوضح البحث أن حوالى (10,3%) من إجمالي المبحوثين يستفيدون من وسائل الاتصال الإلکتروني بدرجة ضعيفة، بينما(32,2%) من المبحوثين درجة استفادتهم متوسطة، في حين(66,5%) أى ما يقارب من ثلثى العينة يستفيدون بدرجة کبيرة، کما أظهرت النتائج وجود علاقة ارتباطية معنوية بين درجة استفادة المبحوثين من استخدام وسائل الاتصال الإلکترونى والمتغيرات المستقلة التالية: (تعليم المبحوث، عدد سنوات الخبرة في العمل الزراعى، عدد أفراد الأسرة العاملين بالزراعة، حيازة الأرض الزراعية، ودرجة المشارکة الاجتماعية غير الرسمية، والدرجة القيادية، ودرجة الاتجاه نحو المستحدثات الزراعية، ودرجة الاستعداد للتغيير، الاتصال بالإرشاد الزراعي، اتجاهات الزراع نحو المرشد الزراعي بالقرية)، وبينت النتائج أن درجة وجود المعوقات التى تواجه المبحوثين بدرجة ضعيفة بلغت حوالى (0,8%)، بينما درجة وجودها بدرجة متوسطة بلغت حوالى 24,1%، فى حين بلغت درجة وجودها بدرجة کبيرة حوالى 75,1%، وأوضحت النتائج وجود علاقة ارتباطية معنويه موجبة عند مستوى معنوية (0,01) بين درجة وجود المعوقات التي تواجه المبحوثين عند استخدام وسائل الاتصال الإلکترونى وبين المتغيرات المستقلة التالية (تعليم المبحوث، عدد سنوات الخبرة في العمل الزراعي، عدد الأفراد العاملين بالزراعة، الاتجاه نحو المستحدثات الزراعية، درجة الاستعداد للتغيير)، ووجود علاقة موجبة وطردية عند مستوى معنوية (0,05) بين وجود المعوقات التى تواجه المبحوثين عند استخدام وسائل الاتصال الإلکتروني وبين المشارکة الاجتماعية الرسمية، الاتصال بالإرشاد الزراعى، اتجاهات الزراع نحو المرشد الزراعي بالقرية.
{"title":"معــــوقــــــات اســــتخــدام الــــزراع لــوســـــائـل الاتصـــال الإلکتـــروني فـي الإرشــــاد الزراعـــى","authors":"سعدلي سليم سعدلي سليم, ماجدة عبد الله عبد العال, طه على الفيشاوى, محمد الخولى","doi":"10.21608/ZJAR.2021.175505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ZJAR.2021.175505","url":null,"abstract":"استهدف البحث بصفة رئيسية دراسة معوقات استخدام الزراع لوسائل الاتصال الإلکتروني في الإرشاد الزراعى، ولتحقيق هذا الهدف تم صياغة الأهداف البحثية الفرعية التالية: التعرف على بعض الخصائص المميزة للمبحوثين والتعرف على الأجهزة التي يستخدمها المبحوثين في الحصول على معلوماتهم، والتعرف على المواقع التي يستخدمها المبحوثين للحصول على المعلومات، وتحديد درجة استفادة المبحوثين من الاتصال الإلکتروني في الإرشاد الزراعي والعوامل المرتبطة بها، والتعرف على المعوقات التي تواجه المبحوثين عند استخدام وسائل الاتصال الإلکترونية ومقترحاتهم للحد منها، وأجرى هذا البحث في محافظة الشرقية وبلغت عينة البحث 370 مبحوثا من المستخدمين لوسائل الاتصال الالکترونية، وأوضح البحث أن حوالى (10,3%) من إجمالي المبحوثين يستفيدون من وسائل الاتصال الإلکتروني بدرجة ضعيفة، بينما(32,2%) من المبحوثين درجة استفادتهم متوسطة، في حين(66,5%) أى ما يقارب من ثلثى العينة يستفيدون بدرجة کبيرة، کما أظهرت النتائج وجود علاقة ارتباطية معنوية بين درجة استفادة المبحوثين من استخدام وسائل الاتصال الإلکترونى والمتغيرات المستقلة التالية: (تعليم المبحوث، عدد سنوات الخبرة في العمل الزراعى، عدد أفراد الأسرة العاملين بالزراعة، حيازة الأرض الزراعية، ودرجة المشارکة الاجتماعية غير الرسمية، والدرجة القيادية، ودرجة الاتجاه نحو المستحدثات الزراعية، ودرجة الاستعداد للتغيير، الاتصال بالإرشاد الزراعي، اتجاهات الزراع نحو المرشد الزراعي بالقرية)، وبينت النتائج أن درجة وجود المعوقات التى تواجه المبحوثين بدرجة ضعيفة بلغت حوالى (0,8%)، بينما درجة وجودها بدرجة متوسطة بلغت حوالى 24,1%، فى حين بلغت درجة وجودها بدرجة کبيرة حوالى 75,1%، وأوضحت النتائج وجود علاقة ارتباطية معنويه موجبة عند مستوى معنوية (0,01) بين درجة وجود المعوقات التي تواجه المبحوثين عند استخدام وسائل الاتصال الإلکترونى وبين المتغيرات المستقلة التالية (تعليم المبحوث، عدد سنوات الخبرة في العمل الزراعي، عدد الأفراد العاملين بالزراعة، الاتجاه نحو المستحدثات الزراعية، درجة الاستعداد للتغيير)، ووجود علاقة موجبة وطردية عند مستوى معنوية (0,05) بين وجود المعوقات التى تواجه المبحوثين عند استخدام وسائل الاتصال الإلکتروني وبين المشارکة الاجتماعية الرسمية، الاتصال بالإرشاد الزراعى، اتجاهات الزراع نحو المرشد الزراعي بالقرية.","PeriodicalId":14975,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"48 1","pages":"599-616"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42974480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.21608/ZJAR.2021.175262
Amr I. Said, M. Shazly, A. Zedan, A. Hassan
This study was Carried out at Central Laboratory for Aquaculture Research in (2017), to determine the best levels of oxygen supply on growth performance and oxidation status of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis nilollcus), Grey mullet (Mugil cephalus) and Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) fingerlings stocked at (85%, 10% and 5%), respectively, total of fingerlings with initial weight of weighting (10±0.30) g/fish were reared in tanks i.e., supplied with normal water, air pumping and filtration system applied throughout the experimental period, with 3 replicates to evaluate the effect of perforated pipe location i.e., 0 and 100 cm from the bottom of tanks, distance between holes such as : 10cm, air pressure levels i.e., 0.2 and 0.4 bar on water quality, growth rate of fish and net profit. The obtained results revealed that the perforated pipe located at 100 cm with distance between holes such as: 10 cm and air pressure (P) of 0.4 bar gave the highest average of water quality like pH (7.72±.30 and 8.18±2.48 mg/l), dissolved oxygen (7.42±.29 and 8.38±2.54 mg/l), water temp (27C ±.81), ammonia (0.29±.01 and 0.28±.08 mg/l), total hardness (171.4±6.85 and 170.9±51.97), total alkalinity (165.3 ± 6.61 and 180.7±54.95 mg/l), nitrate (0.01±.0004 and 0.01±.003), nitrite (0.11±.004 and 0.12±.03) for air pressure levels (0.2 and 0.4) bar respectively. Compared with control result which were 6.7±.30, 4.45±2.54, 0.32±01, 25.0±2.16, 340±2.71, 370±12.7, 0.12±008 and 0.40±0.001 for pH, dissolved oxygen, water temp, ammonia, total hardness, total alkalinity, nitrate and nitrite. The highest average of growth rate values; final body weight (74.9±22.77, 77.4±1.16 and71.9±3.59 g), final body length (19.2±5.83, 18.2±.27 and 16.4±0.32 cm), final body weight gain (5±0.20, 4.4±0.06and 4.6±0.09g), final condition factor (1.36±0.05, 1.38±0.23and 2.61±0.26g/cm 3 ) and final feed conversion ratio (1.56±0.47, 1.62±0.02 and1.68 ± 0.03 g/fish), Final SGR were (1.93±0.58, 1.68±0.02 and 2.0 ±0.04%) and final survival rate (%) were (91.8±2.9 , 88.9±2.6 and 90.2±1.2) for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis nilollcus), Grey mullet (Mugil cephalus) and Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and distances between holes of 10 cm and pressure levels of 0.4 bar Respectively. Finally, it could be concluded that, under the similar conditions: The Air pressure (P) level of 0.4 bar, perforated pipe location of 100 cm and distance between holes 10 cm were the best parameters where it gave Significantly high water quality, growth performance (P<0.0001) and survival of fish (P<0.0001) was observed in aerated tanks as compared with the non-aerated tanks.
{"title":"EVALUATION OF AN AERATION SYSTEM FOR FISH CULTURED IN CLOSED SYSTEMS","authors":"Amr I. Said, M. Shazly, A. Zedan, A. Hassan","doi":"10.21608/ZJAR.2021.175262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ZJAR.2021.175262","url":null,"abstract":"This study was Carried out at Central Laboratory for Aquaculture Research in (2017), to determine the best levels of oxygen supply on growth performance and oxidation status of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis nilollcus), Grey mullet (Mugil cephalus) and Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) fingerlings stocked at (85%, 10% and 5%), respectively, total of fingerlings with initial weight of weighting (10±0.30) g/fish were reared in tanks i.e., supplied with normal water, air pumping and filtration system applied throughout the experimental period, with 3 replicates to evaluate the effect of perforated pipe location i.e., 0 and 100 cm from the bottom of tanks, distance between holes such as : 10cm, air pressure levels i.e., 0.2 and 0.4 bar on water quality, growth rate of fish and net profit. The obtained results revealed that the perforated pipe located at 100 cm with distance between holes such as: 10 cm and air pressure (P) of 0.4 bar gave the highest average of water quality like pH (7.72±.30 and 8.18±2.48 mg/l), dissolved oxygen (7.42±.29 and 8.38±2.54 mg/l), water temp (27C ±.81), ammonia (0.29±.01 and 0.28±.08 mg/l), total hardness (171.4±6.85 and 170.9±51.97), total alkalinity (165.3 ± 6.61 and 180.7±54.95 mg/l), nitrate (0.01±.0004 and 0.01±.003), nitrite (0.11±.004 and 0.12±.03) for air pressure levels (0.2 and 0.4) bar respectively. Compared with control result which were 6.7±.30, 4.45±2.54, 0.32±01, 25.0±2.16, 340±2.71, 370±12.7, 0.12±008 and 0.40±0.001 for pH, dissolved oxygen, water temp, ammonia, total hardness, total alkalinity, nitrate and nitrite. The highest average of growth rate values; final body weight (74.9±22.77, 77.4±1.16 and71.9±3.59 g), final body length (19.2±5.83, 18.2±.27 and 16.4±0.32 cm), final body weight gain (5±0.20, 4.4±0.06and 4.6±0.09g), final condition factor (1.36±0.05, 1.38±0.23and 2.61±0.26g/cm 3 ) and final feed conversion ratio (1.56±0.47, 1.62±0.02 and1.68 ± 0.03 g/fish), Final SGR were (1.93±0.58, 1.68±0.02 and 2.0 ±0.04%) and final survival rate (%) were (91.8±2.9 , 88.9±2.6 and 90.2±1.2) for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis nilollcus), Grey mullet (Mugil cephalus) and Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and distances between holes of 10 cm and pressure levels of 0.4 bar Respectively. Finally, it could be concluded that, under the similar conditions: The Air pressure (P) level of 0.4 bar, perforated pipe location of 100 cm and distance between holes 10 cm were the best parameters where it gave Significantly high water quality, growth performance (P<0.0001) and survival of fish (P<0.0001) was observed in aerated tanks as compared with the non-aerated tanks.","PeriodicalId":14975,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"48 1","pages":"371-386"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45190746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.21608/ZJAR.2021.175507
محمود جمال أحمد خلف, خيري إبراهيم, مکادى سليمان
تواجه صادرات مصر بصفة عامة وصادرات محاصيل الخضر بصفة خاصة الکثير من التحديات التي تؤدى الى تذبذبها بين الزيادة والنقصان من عام لآخر، بالإضافة الى زيادة التنافسية بين الدول المختلفة. وقد واجهت صادرات الفراولة المصرية من تناقص القوه التصديرية لها وکذلک الأنصبة السوقية في السنوات الأخيرة ، لذا يهدف البحث إلى دراسة المرکز التنافسي لمحصول الفراولة خلال الفترة (2003-2018) في أهم الأسواق التصديرية، وتحليل هيکل صادرات مصر من محصول الفراولة، حيث تبين من خلال النتائج أن مصر تتمتع بميزة نسبية عالية لصادراتها من الفراولة ، وبدراسة التوزيع الجغرافي للصادرات المصرية من الفراولة تبين أن السعودية احتلت المرکز الأول من حيث کمية وقيمة الصادرات، يليها کل من بلجيکا وألمانيا، وبدراسة النصيب السوقي تبين أن مصر تحتل المرتبة السادسةبين دول العالم ،حيث بلغ متوسط کمية الصادرات خلال قترة الدراسة حوالي 30,84 ألف طن وهي تمثل حوالي 3,37%من متوسط صادرات العالم من الفراولة خلال متوسط فترة الدراسة، وقد تبين من تقدير مؤشر اختراق السوق للفراولة المصرية بتلک الأسواق إلى أن نسب ما تستورده إلي استهلاکها صغير جدا مما يتيح إماکينة زيادة التصدير إلي تلک الدول مع الألتزام بمتطلباتها ودراسة أذواق المستهلک بها، کما اتضح من دراسة السعر النسبي قوة المرکز التنافسي لصادرات مصر من الفراولة في مواجهه جميع الدول المنافسة وخاصة هولندا، الولايات المتحدة الأمريکية،اسبانيا نظرا لارتفاع قيمة السعر النسبي عن الواحد الصحيح ، مما يتيح لمصر فرصا أکبر في المنافسة والتصدير. ومن خلال دراسة مؤشر القدرة على الوفاء بمتطلبات التصدير تبين من النتائج أن مصر تحتل المرکز الثالث من حيث عدم الاستقرار النسبي في الانتاج المحلي لمحصول الفراولة يليها کل من إسبانيا ،المکسيک.
{"title":"القــدرة التنـافسـية للفـراولـة المـصـريـة فـي أهـم الأسـواق العـالمـيـة","authors":"محمود جمال أحمد خلف, خيري إبراهيم, مکادى سليمان","doi":"10.21608/ZJAR.2021.175507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ZJAR.2021.175507","url":null,"abstract":"تواجه صادرات مصر بصفة عامة وصادرات محاصيل الخضر بصفة خاصة الکثير من التحديات التي تؤدى الى تذبذبها بين الزيادة والنقصان من عام لآخر، بالإضافة الى زيادة التنافسية بين الدول المختلفة. وقد واجهت صادرات الفراولة المصرية من تناقص القوه التصديرية لها وکذلک الأنصبة السوقية في السنوات الأخيرة ، لذا يهدف البحث إلى دراسة المرکز التنافسي لمحصول الفراولة خلال الفترة (2003-2018) في أهم الأسواق التصديرية، وتحليل هيکل صادرات مصر من محصول الفراولة، حيث تبين من خلال النتائج أن مصر تتمتع بميزة نسبية عالية لصادراتها من الفراولة ، وبدراسة التوزيع الجغرافي للصادرات المصرية من الفراولة تبين أن السعودية احتلت المرکز الأول من حيث کمية وقيمة الصادرات، يليها کل من بلجيکا وألمانيا، وبدراسة النصيب السوقي تبين أن مصر تحتل المرتبة السادسةبين دول العالم ،حيث بلغ متوسط کمية الصادرات خلال قترة الدراسة حوالي 30,84 ألف طن وهي تمثل حوالي 3,37%من متوسط صادرات العالم من الفراولة خلال متوسط فترة الدراسة، وقد تبين من تقدير مؤشر اختراق السوق للفراولة المصرية بتلک الأسواق إلى أن نسب ما تستورده إلي استهلاکها صغير جدا مما يتيح إماکينة زيادة التصدير إلي تلک الدول مع الألتزام بمتطلباتها ودراسة أذواق المستهلک بها، کما اتضح من دراسة السعر النسبي قوة المرکز التنافسي لصادرات مصر من الفراولة في مواجهه جميع الدول المنافسة وخاصة هولندا، الولايات المتحدة الأمريکية،اسبانيا نظرا لارتفاع قيمة السعر النسبي عن الواحد الصحيح ، مما يتيح لمصر فرصا أکبر في المنافسة والتصدير. ومن خلال دراسة مؤشر القدرة على الوفاء بمتطلبات التصدير تبين من النتائج أن مصر تحتل المرکز الثالث من حيث عدم الاستقرار النسبي في الانتاج المحلي لمحصول الفراولة يليها کل من إسبانيا ،المکسيک.","PeriodicalId":14975,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"48 1","pages":"625-636"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46977382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.21608/ZJAR.2021.175289
إیناس على, علي كامل إبراهيم, أسامة عويضة, أحمد فوزى حامد
{"title":"أثــر الســـعة الإنتاجيـــة فــي مــــزارع البــــداري عـلـــى الربحية بمحـافظــة الشـــرقيــــة (دراســــة حالة في مرکــز بلبيس)","authors":"إیناس على, علي كامل إبراهيم, أسامة عويضة, أحمد فوزى حامد","doi":"10.21608/ZJAR.2021.175289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ZJAR.2021.175289","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14975,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"48 1","pages":"499-516"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42895864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.21608/ZJAR.2021.175267
Ahmed Zahra, M. El-Wahab, M. Tawfik
The biomass slow pyrolysis using the fixed-bed pyrolyzer is a simple and inexpensive technique that can be used in small farms comparing to the complex and expensive technology of the fast pyrolysis. However, slow pyrolysis primary produces bio-char and lower yields of bio-oil and pyrolytic gas. Thus, there is urgent need to enhance pyrolytic gas production under the slow pyrolysis conditions on the account of bio-char due to the advantage of using the gas in wide applications in farm. Hence, this work aims to fabricate and operate a small-scale fixed bed pyrolyzer to enhance the pyrolytic gas productivity from the ground pieces of Mango trees Pruning Logs (MPLs) under slow pyrolysis conditions (heating rate of 0.01-1 oC/s, vapor residence time of 4 min.) and full absence of oxygen. The pyrolytic gas production was investigated under different final pyrolysis temperatures of 300,350 and 400°C, particle length ranges of 1-5, 10-15 and 20-25 mm. The obtained results revealed that, the increase of pyrolysis temperature from 300-400°C and decrease of the ground MPL length from 20-25 to 1-5 mm was accompained with explicit increment in the pyrolytic gas concentration, gas yield, higher heating value of pyrolytic gas (HHVg) and energy conversion efficiency by about 34.28%, 61.15%, 12.68% and 66.10%, respectively along to high concentrations of the combustible gases )e.i. H2, CH4). Additionally, the optimal cost per energy unit of pyrolytic gas (0.085 EGP/MJ or 0.005 $/MJ) is lower than cost per energy unit of the natural gas and LPG by about 11.45% and 75.07%, respectively.
{"title":"ENHANCING THE PYROLYTIC GAS PRODUCTION GENERATED BY SLOW PYROLYSIS USING A FIXED-BED PROLYZER","authors":"Ahmed Zahra, M. El-Wahab, M. Tawfik","doi":"10.21608/ZJAR.2021.175267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ZJAR.2021.175267","url":null,"abstract":"The biomass slow pyrolysis using the fixed-bed pyrolyzer is a simple and inexpensive technique that can be used in small farms comparing to the complex and expensive technology of the fast pyrolysis. However, slow pyrolysis primary produces bio-char and lower yields of bio-oil and pyrolytic gas. Thus, there is urgent need to enhance pyrolytic gas production under the slow pyrolysis conditions on the account of bio-char due to the advantage of using the gas in wide applications in farm. Hence, this work aims to fabricate and operate a small-scale fixed bed pyrolyzer to enhance the pyrolytic gas productivity from the ground pieces of Mango trees Pruning Logs (MPLs) under slow pyrolysis conditions (heating rate of 0.01-1 oC/s, vapor residence time of 4 min.) and full absence of oxygen. The pyrolytic gas production was investigated under different final pyrolysis temperatures of 300,350 and 400°C, particle length ranges of 1-5, 10-15 and 20-25 mm. The obtained results revealed that, the increase of pyrolysis temperature from 300-400°C and decrease of the ground MPL length from 20-25 to 1-5 mm was accompained with explicit increment in the pyrolytic gas concentration, gas yield, higher heating value of pyrolytic gas (HHVg) and energy conversion efficiency by about 34.28%, 61.15%, 12.68% and 66.10%, respectively along to high concentrations of the combustible gases )e.i. H2, CH4). Additionally, the optimal cost per energy unit of pyrolytic gas (0.085 EGP/MJ or 0.005 $/MJ) is lower than cost per energy unit of the natural gas and LPG by about 11.45% and 75.07%, respectively.","PeriodicalId":14975,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"48 1","pages":"401-417"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46911825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.21608/ZJAR.2021.175285
Salah Maaty, A. Hassan, M. Aminand, M. Elashtokhy
The fitness of a genetically engineered microorganism strain that constructed as transconjugant by conjugation mechanism of horizontal gene transfer in Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria comparing with its parent strains has been assessed. Ecological fitness expresses interaction of an organism with its environment. This consider as a good indicator for the assessment of Genetically Engineered Microorganism (GEM). When released into the environment this assay was carried out under laboratory condition to investigate the effects of environmental condition on the fitness. These laboratory condition included the effect of different cations (Na + , Ca +2 , and Fe +3 ), different incubation temperatures, pH values and different ratios of the two parents. Increasing of mono, and di cations (Na + , Ca +2 ) concentrations revealed an increasing in the fitness of parents and transconjugant (GEM( strain up to the maximum concentration (105 mM) with Na + and (85 mM) with Ca +2 and then began to decrease. In the three strains temperature plays an important role in gene transfer rate and fitness, There was a direct relationship between the increasing in temperature until it reaches the optimum temperature and the rate of gene transfer. Also, the highest rate of gene transfer via conjugation appeared when the ratio between the donor and the recipient was 3:1. The best results for bacterial fitness for transconjugant strain and parents appeared at pH 9, which means increased fitness for both of them. These results show that the transconjugant strain can be have and survive well as its parent strain and the effects of some ecological factor are similar in the three strains.
{"title":"THE FITNESS OF A GEM STRAIN OF Pseudomonas aeruginosaBACTERIA COMPARING WITH ITS PARENT STRAINS UNDER LABORATORY CONDITIONS","authors":"Salah Maaty, A. Hassan, M. Aminand, M. Elashtokhy","doi":"10.21608/ZJAR.2021.175285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ZJAR.2021.175285","url":null,"abstract":"The fitness of a genetically engineered microorganism strain that constructed as transconjugant by conjugation mechanism of horizontal gene transfer in Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria comparing with its parent strains has been assessed. Ecological fitness expresses interaction of an organism with its environment. This consider as a good indicator for the assessment of Genetically Engineered Microorganism (GEM). When released into the environment this assay was carried out under laboratory condition to investigate the effects of environmental condition on the fitness. These laboratory condition included the effect of different cations (Na + , Ca +2 , and Fe +3 ), different incubation temperatures, pH values and different ratios of the two parents. Increasing of mono, and di cations (Na + , Ca +2 ) concentrations revealed an increasing in the fitness of parents and transconjugant (GEM( strain up to the maximum concentration (105 mM) with Na + and (85 mM) with Ca +2 and then began to decrease. In the three strains temperature plays an important role in gene transfer rate and fitness, There was a direct relationship between the increasing in temperature until it reaches the optimum temperature and the rate of gene transfer. Also, the highest rate of gene transfer via conjugation appeared when the ratio between the donor and the recipient was 3:1. The best results for bacterial fitness for transconjugant strain and parents appeared at pH 9, which means increased fitness for both of them. These results show that the transconjugant strain can be have and survive well as its parent strain and the effects of some ecological factor are similar in the three strains.","PeriodicalId":14975,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"48 1","pages":"469-480"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42633431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.21608/ZJAR.2021.175271
D. Sayed, M. M. Morad, Mohamed A. Ali, Hend A M El-Maghawry
Experiments were carried out to evaluate the performance of two compost turning machines for producing organic fertilizer by recycling agricultural wastes. To fulfill the objective of this research work, some operating parameters affecting the performance of the two compost turning machines were taken into consideration: Three different types of field crop residues of rice straw, cotton stalks and corn stalks, four different machine forward speeds of 1.0, 1.2, 1.4 and 1.6 km/h, four different turning drum speeds of 150, 200, 250, and 300 rpm and four turning times of 1, 2, 3 and 4 times/month were considered. Evaluation of the compost turning machines was carried out taking into consideration compost density, period to compost maturity, machine productivity, energy requirements and final compost quality. The obtained data revealed that the compost density, the period to compost maturity, the machine productivity, energy requirements and final compost quality were in the optimum range with the use of the self-propelled compost turning machine under conditions of 1.4 km/h forward speed, 250 rpm turning drum speed and three turning times/month. Results also revealed that corn stalks required the least period for maturity of 8 weeks, followed by rice straw of 12 weeks while cotton stalks required the longest period for maturity of16 weeks.
通过试验，对两种利用农业废弃物生产有机肥的堆肥机进行了性能评价。为实现本研究的目的，研究了影响两种堆肥翻车机性能的操作参数:考虑了水稻秸秆、棉花秸秆和玉米秸秆3种不同类型的田间作物秸秆，1.0、1.2、1.4和1.6 km/h 4种不同的机器前进速度，150、200、250和300 rpm 4种不同的翻车滚筒转速，1、2、3和4次/月的翻车次数。综合考虑堆肥密度、堆肥成熟期、机器生产率、能量需求和最终堆肥质量等因素，对堆肥机进行了评价。结果表明，在前进速度1.4 km/h、转鼓速度250 rpm、每月翻3次的条件下，自行式翻车堆肥机的堆肥密度、堆肥成熟周期、机器生产率、能量需求和最终堆肥质量均在最佳范围内。玉米秸秆成熟期最短，为8周，其次是水稻秸秆，为12周，棉花秸秆成熟期最长，为16周。
{"title":"STUDY ON SOME DIFFERENT OPERATING PARAMETERS AFFECTING THE PERFORMANCE OF COMPOST TURNING MACHINES","authors":"D. Sayed, M. M. Morad, Mohamed A. Ali, Hend A M El-Maghawry","doi":"10.21608/ZJAR.2021.175271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ZJAR.2021.175271","url":null,"abstract":"Experiments were carried out to evaluate the performance of two compost turning machines for producing organic fertilizer by recycling agricultural wastes. To fulfill the objective of this research work, some operating parameters affecting the performance of the two compost turning machines were taken into consideration: Three different types of field crop residues of rice straw, cotton stalks and corn stalks, four different machine forward speeds of 1.0, 1.2, 1.4 and 1.6 km/h, four different turning drum speeds of 150, 200, 250, and 300 rpm and four turning times of 1, 2, 3 and 4 times/month were considered. Evaluation of the compost turning machines was carried out taking into consideration compost density, period to compost maturity, machine productivity, energy requirements and final compost quality. The obtained data revealed that the compost density, the period to compost maturity, the machine productivity, energy requirements and final compost quality were in the optimum range with the use of the self-propelled compost turning machine under conditions of 1.4 km/h forward speed, 250 rpm turning drum speed and three turning times/month. Results also revealed that corn stalks required the least period for maturity of 8 weeks, followed by rice straw of 12 weeks while cotton stalks required the longest period for maturity of16 weeks.","PeriodicalId":14975,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"48 1","pages":"419-432"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47430714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.21608/ZJAR.2021.175288
M. El-Saied, S. El‐Saadany, H. Hefnawy, A. El-Sayed
Phytochemical screening and antioxidant activities in different solvent extracts of onion was carried out. The extracts were subjected to various chemical Test for phytochemical constituents. Total phenolic contents were evaluated using Folin Ciocalteu method and their antioxidant activity was assayed through «in vitro» radical scavenging activity using DPPH· assay, FRAP and ABTS. The phytochemical screening of this study indicated the presence of steroids, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponnins, and catechic tannins. The average total polyphenol content of hydroethanolic extracts was significantly (P<0.05) higher than in the hexane, ethyl acetate and dichloromethane extracts. The order of effectiveness (IC50) of the plant extracts the potent inhibitors was hydroethanolic extract, followed by Dichloromethane, ethyl acetate while the least was the hexane extract, When using (DPPH, ABTS and FRAP). This shows that onion organic solvent extracts especially the hydroethanolic extracts may be a potent source of natural antioxidant and can be used in the management of diseases associated with oxidative stress is justified
{"title":"PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF ONION(Allium cepa L.) EXTRACTS","authors":"M. El-Saied, S. El‐Saadany, H. Hefnawy, A. El-Sayed","doi":"10.21608/ZJAR.2021.175288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ZJAR.2021.175288","url":null,"abstract":"Phytochemical screening and antioxidant activities in different solvent extracts of onion was carried out. The extracts were subjected to various chemical Test for phytochemical constituents. Total phenolic contents were evaluated using Folin Ciocalteu method and their antioxidant activity was assayed through «in vitro» radical scavenging activity using DPPH· assay, FRAP and ABTS. The phytochemical screening of this study indicated the presence of steroids, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponnins, and catechic tannins. The average total polyphenol content of hydroethanolic extracts was significantly (P<0.05) higher than in the hexane, ethyl acetate and dichloromethane extracts. The order of effectiveness (IC50) of the plant extracts the potent inhibitors was hydroethanolic extract, followed by Dichloromethane, ethyl acetate while the least was the hexane extract, When using (DPPH, ABTS and FRAP). This shows that onion organic solvent extracts especially the hydroethanolic extracts may be a potent source of natural antioxidant and can be used in the management of diseases associated with oxidative stress is justified","PeriodicalId":14975,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"48 1","pages":"489-498"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49479752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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