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Computational technique of thermal comparative examination of Cu and Au nanoparticles suspended in sodium alginate as Sutterby nanofluid via extending PTSC surface. 海藻酸钠中悬浮的Cu和Au纳米颗粒作为Sutterby纳米流体的扩展PTSC表面热对比检测计算技术。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q2 Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/22808000221104004
Wasim Jamshed, Rabia Safdar, Zulfiqar Rehman, Maha M A Lashin, Mohamed Ehab, Mohamed Moussa, Aysha Rehman

Current research underscores entropy investigation in an infiltrating mode of Sutterby nanofluid (SNF) stream past a dramatically expanding flat plate that highlights Parabolic Trough Solar Collector (PTSC). Satisfactory likeness factors are utilized to change halfway differential conditions (PDEs) to nonlinear conventional differential conditions (ODEs) along with relating limit requirements. A productive Keller-box system is locked in to achieve approximated arrangement of decreased conventional differential conditions. In the review, two sorts of nanofluids including Copper-sodium alginate (Cu-SA) and Gold-sodium alginate (Au-SA) are dissected. Results are graphically plotted as well as talked about in actual viewpoints. As indicated by key discoveries, an improvement in Brinkmann, as well as Reynolds number, brings about expanding the general framework entropy. Sutterby nanofluid boundary improves heat rate in PTSC. Additionally, Copper-sodium alginate nanofluid is detected as a superior thermal conductor than Gold-sodium alginate nanofluid. Further to that, the reported breakthroughs are beneficial to updating extremely bright lighting bulbs, heating and cooling machinery, fiber required to generate light, power production, numerous boilers, and other similar technologies.

目前的研究重点是研究萨特比纳米流体(SNF)流通过一个急剧膨胀的平板(突出抛物面槽太阳能集热器(PTSC))渗透模式的熵。利用满意的相似因子将半微分条件(PDEs)转化为非线性常规微分条件(ode),并给出相应的极限要求。一个多产的凯勒盒系统被锁定,以实现减少常规微分条件的近似安排。本文对藻酸铜钠(Cu-SA)和藻酸金钠(Au-SA)两种纳米流体进行了分析。结果用图形表示,并在实际视点中讨论。关键发现表明,布林克曼和雷诺数的改进带来了广义框架熵的扩展。萨特比纳米流体边界提高了PTSC的热率。此外,铜-海藻酸钠纳米流体被检测为比金-海藻酸钠纳米流体更好的热导体。此外,报告的突破有助于更新极亮的灯泡,加热和冷却机械,产生光所需的纤维,电力生产,众多锅炉和其他类似技术。
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引用次数: 17
Improving the solubility of melanin nanoparticles from apricot kernels is a potent drug delivery system. 提高杏仁黑色素纳米粒子的溶解度是一种有效的药物输送系统。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q2 Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/22808000221124418
Li Gao, Liu Yang, Lixiao Guo, Haibin Wang, Yinghu Zhao, Jun Xie, Nan Shi

Background: Melanin can be used in biomedical nanomaterials, but its solubility in water and bioavailability are low.

Aim: Melanin nanoparticles were prepared and then PEG-natural melanin nanoparticles (NMNP-PEG) were obtained with good performance and optimize their (water solubility, dispersion stability, chelating metal ions, photothermal stability, drug delivery, and biocompatibility), therefore improve the water solubility of melanin and broaden its application scope in biology, medicine, food, and other fields.

Methods: MFAK (melanin from apricot kernels) and NMNP-PEG were prepared and characterized using ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry (UV-Vis), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and electron microscopy. The chelation rate of metal ions, photothermal effect, doxorubicin loading, and cytotoxicity (MCF-7 cells) were examined.

Results: UV-Vis, HPLC, FTIR, and NMR indicated that NMNPs contained melanin. NMNPs could be successfully modified using PEG. Under physiological pH conditions (pH 7.4), the metal ion chelation rate of NMNP-PEG increased with time and peaked at 12 h. The photothermal assay showed a temperature enhancement of 26.3°C with 1 mg/mL NMNP-PEG, compared with 1.9℃ with water. The NMNP-PEGs had a typical peak for doxorubicin in the FTIR spectrum, and the peak intensity was proportional to the drug loading. The release of doxorubicin in an acidic buffer was 40.8% at 24 h, almost threefold that in a neutral buffer (11.9%). There was no obvious cytotoxicity from NMNP-PEG.

Conclusion: NMNP-PEG displays good stability, high metal ion chelation ability, efficient photothermal conversion potential, drug-retaining capability, sustained controlled drug release, and biocompatibility. This study provides a theoretical basis for NMNP-PEG applications in medicine (targeting specific sites to diagnose and treat diseases), food (extending the shelf life of food), and biology (as metal ion chelating agents to remove heavy metals from wastewater).

背景:黑色素可用于生物医学纳米材料,但其在水中的溶解度和生物利用度较低。目的:制备黑色素纳米粒子,获得性能良好的peg -天然黑色素纳米粒子(NMNP-PEG),并对其(水溶性、分散稳定性、螯合金属离子、光热稳定性、给药性、生物相容性)进行优化,从而提高黑色素的水溶性,拓宽其在生物、医药、食品等领域的应用范围。方法:制备MFAK(杏仁黑色素)和NMNP-PEG,并采用紫外可见分光光度法(UV-Vis)、高效液相色谱法(HPLC)、傅里叶变换红外光谱法(FTIR)、1H核磁共振(NMR)和电子显微镜对其进行表征。考察了金属离子的螯合速率、光热效应、阿霉素负载和细胞毒性(MCF-7细胞)。结果:紫外可见、高效液相色谱、红外光谱、核磁共振等检测表明NMNPs中含有黑色素。利用PEG可以成功地修饰NMNPs。在pH值为7.4的生理条件下,NMNP-PEG的金属离子螯合速率随时间的增加而增加,并在12 h达到峰值。光热实验显示,1 mg/mL的NMNP-PEG的温度升高26.3℃,而水的温度升高1.9℃。nmnp - peg在FTIR光谱上有一个典型的阿霉素峰,峰强度与载药量成正比。阿霉素在酸性缓冲液中24 h的释放率为40.8%,几乎是中性缓冲液(11.9%)的三倍。NMNP-PEG无明显细胞毒性作用。结论:NMNP-PEG具有良好的稳定性、高的金属离子螯合能力、高效的光热转化潜力、药物保持能力、持续控释能力和生物相容性。该研究为NMNP-PEG在医学(靶向特定部位诊断和治疗疾病)、食品(延长食品保质期)和生物学(作为金属离子螯合剂去除废水中的重金属)等领域的应用提供了理论基础。
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引用次数: 1
Mathematical modeling and simulation of electromagnetohydrodynamic bio-nanomaterial flow through physiological vessels. 电磁流体动力学生物纳米材料生理血管流动的数学建模与仿真。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q2 Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/22808000221114708
Katta Ramesh, Dharmendra Tripathi, Muhammad Mubashir Bhatti, Kaouther Ghachem, Sami Ullah Khan, Lioua Kolsi

Gold-based metal nanoparticles serve a key role in diagnosing and treating important illnesses such as cancer and infectious diseases. In consideration of this, the current work develops a mathematical model for viscoelastic nanofluid flow in the peristaltic microchannel. Nanofluid is considered as blood-based fluid suspended with gold nanoparticles. In the investigated geometry, various parametric effects such as Joule heating, magnetohydrodynamics, electroosmosis, and thermal radiation have been imposed. The governing equations of the model are analytically solved by using the lubrication theory where the wavelength of the channel is considered large and viscous force is considered more dominant as compared to the inertia force relating the applications in biological transport phenomena. The graphical findings for relevant parameters of interest are given. In the current analysis, the ranges of the parameters have been considered as: 0<κ<6,0<λ1<0.6,2<M<8,0<ζ1<3,0<ζ2<3,0.1<ϕ1<0.4,0<Br<3,0<β<3,0<Rn<0.3and0<ϕ<π/2.The current results reveal that, A stronger magnetic field leads the enhancement in nanoparticle temperature and shear stress, and it reduces the velocity and trapping bolus. The nanoparticle temperature rises with the increasing parameters such as Brinkman number and Joule heating parameter.

金基金属纳米粒子在诊断和治疗癌症和传染病等重要疾病方面发挥着关键作用。考虑到这一点,本工作建立了粘弹性纳米流体在蠕动微通道中流动的数学模型。纳米流体被认为是一种悬浮在金纳米颗粒上的血基流体。在所研究的几何结构中,各种参数效应,如焦耳加热、磁流体动力学、电渗透和热辐射已经被施加。利用润滑理论解析求解了该模型的控制方程,其中考虑了通道的波长较大,并且考虑了黏性力比惯性力更占优势,与生物输运现象相关的应用。给出了相关参数的图形结果。在当前的分析中,参数的范围被认为是:0κ6,0λ10.6,2M8,0ζ13,0ζ23,0.1ϕ10.4,0Br3,0β3,0 rn0.3和0ϕπ/2。结果表明:磁场越强,纳米粒子的温度和剪切应力越高,速度和捕获量也越小;随着布林克曼数和焦耳加热参数的增加,纳米颗粒温度升高。
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引用次数: 2
Li-doped calcium phosphate cement for accelerated bone regeneration of osteoporotic bone defect. 掺锂磷酸钙骨水泥促进骨质疏松性骨缺损骨再生。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q2 Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/22808000221099012
Chengwu Lu, Linfeng Wang, Libao Zhang, Chaghui Xue, Hong Ye, Xiaojie Chen, Jianbin Wu, Jin Xiao

Osteoporotic fractures seriously endanger the elderly quality of life, especially postmenopausal women. Currently, calcium phosphate cement (CPC) is one of the materials used for the treatment of osteoporotic fractures. This study intends to investigate the biological effects of lithium (Li)-doped CPC. Li was dissolved into ultrapure water as curing solution to prepare CPC@Li composite material. Li did not affect the morphology of CPC. CPC@Li composite showed a sustained release of Li in 14 days. Compared with CPC, CPC@Li promoted the adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow stem cells. The result of femur implantation in an osteoporosis mouse model showed that a larger amount of new bone was formed surrounding the CPC@Li implant and closely to the implant surface, indicating favorable osteogenesis and osteointegration capabilities. Li-doped CPC is promising to be used in clinic for its enhanced bone regeneration ability.

骨质疏松性骨折严重危及老年人,尤其是绝经后妇女的生活质量。磷酸钙骨水泥(CPC)是目前治疗骨质疏松性骨折的材料之一。本研究旨在探讨锂掺杂CPC的生物学效应。将Li作为固化溶液溶于超纯水中制备CPC@Li复合材料。Li对CPC形态没有影响。CPC@Li复合材料显示Li在14天内持续释放。与CPC相比,CPC@Li促进了大鼠骨髓干细胞的粘附、增殖和成骨分化。在骨质疏松小鼠模型中股骨植入的结果显示,在CPC@Li植入物周围和靠近植入物表面形成了大量的新骨,表明良好的成骨和骨整合能力。锂掺杂CPC具有增强骨再生能力的优点,在临床应用中具有广阔的前景。
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引用次数: 2
A Tasquinomod-loaded dopamine-modified pH sensitive hydrogel is effective at inhibiting the proliferation of KRAS mutant lung cancer cells. 负载多巴胺修饰的pH敏感水凝胶可有效抑制KRAS突变肺癌细胞的增殖。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q2 Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/22808000211073729
Jun Xu, Chuxi Zhang, Chun Cheng, Jun Yang, Chenxi Li, Xia Liu, Yi Sang

Hydrogels can maintain a high local drug concentration during treatments and may be useful to local targeting diseased areas. We propose a pH sensitive hydrogel consisting of poly-vinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and chitosan as a new treatment method for KRAS mutant lung cancer. Addition of dopamine improved the drug loading and release effects of this hydrogel. We demonstrate that Tasquinimod-loading of this dopamine-modified pH sensitive hydrogel is more effective than Tasquinimod alone for inhibiting the proliferation of KRAS mutant lung cancer cells. Combination of conventional drugs with hydrogels may thus provide a new treatment modality for lung cancer.

水凝胶可以在治疗过程中保持较高的局部药物浓度,可能对局部靶向病变区域有用。我们提出了一种由聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)和壳聚糖组成的pH敏感水凝胶作为治疗KRAS突变型肺癌的新方法。多巴胺的加入改善了该水凝胶的载药和释药效果。我们证明,负载这种多巴胺修饰的pH敏感水凝胶的Tasquinimod比单独Tasquinimod更有效地抑制KRAS突变肺癌细胞的增殖。因此,水凝胶与常规药物的联合治疗可能为肺癌提供一种新的治疗方式。
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引用次数: 1
Protein-corona formation on aluminum doped zinc oxide and gallium nitride nanoparticles. 铝掺杂氧化锌和氮化镓纳米颗粒的蛋白质电晕形成。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q2 Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/22808000221131881
Vladimir Ciobanu, Francesco Roncari, Giacomo Ceccone, Tudor Braniste, Jessica Ponti, Alessia Bogni, Giuditta Guerrini, Domenico Cassano, Pascal Colpo, Ion Tiginyanu
The interaction of semiconductor nanoparticles with bio-molecules attracts increasing interest of researchers, considering the reactivity of nanoparticles and the possibility to control their properties remotely giving mechanical, thermal, or electrical stimulus to the surrounding bio-environment. This work reports on a systematic comparative study of the protein-corona formation on aluminum doped zinc oxide and gallium nitride nanoparticles. Bovine serum albumin was chosen as a protein model. Dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy techniques have been used to demonstrate the formation of protein-corona as well as the stability of the colloidal suspension given by BSA, which also works as a surfactant. The protein adsorption on the NPs surface studied by Bradford Assay showed the dependence on the quantity of proteins adsorbed to the available sites on the NPs surface, thus the saturation was observed at ratio higher than 5:1 (NPs:Proteins) in case of ZnO, these correlating with DLS results. Moreover, the kinetics of the proteins showed a relatively fast adsorption on the NPs surface with a saturation curve after about 25 min. GaN NPs, however, showed a very small amount of proteins adsorbed on the surface, a change in the hydrodynamic size being not observable with DLS technique or differential centrifugal sedimentation. The Circular Dichroism analysis suggests a drastic structural change in the secondary structure of the BSA after attaching on the NPs surface. The ZnO nanoparticles adsorb a protein-corona, which does not protect them against dissolution, and in consequence, the material proved to be highly toxic for Human keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT) at concentration above 25 µg/mL. In contrast, the GaN nanoparticles which do not adsorb a protein-corona, show no toxicity signs for HaCaT cells at concentration as high as 50 µg/mL, exhibiting much lower concentration of ions leakage in the culture medium as compared to ZnO nanoparticles.
考虑到纳米粒子的反应性和远程控制其性质的可能性,半导体纳米粒子与生物分子的相互作用引起了越来越多的研究人员的兴趣,给周围的生物环境带来了机械、热或电刺激。本文报道了在铝掺杂氧化锌和氮化镓纳米颗粒上形成蛋白质电晕的系统比较研究。选用牛血清白蛋白作为蛋白质模型。动态光散射、透射电子显微镜和x射线光电子能谱技术已经被用来证明蛋白质电晕的形成以及胶体悬浮液的稳定性,它也可以作为表面活性剂。Bradford法研究了蛋白质在NPs表面的吸附,发现蛋白质吸附在NPs表面可用位点上的数量依赖于蛋白质的数量,在ZnO的情况下,NPs与蛋白质的饱和比大于5:1,这与DLS结果相关。此外,蛋白质的动力学表现出相对较快的吸附在NPs表面上,约25 min后出现饱和曲线。然而,GaN NPs表面上吸附的蛋白质非常少,用DLS技术或差速离心沉降法无法观察到水动力尺寸的变化。圆二色性分析表明,BSA附着在NPs表面后,二级结构发生了剧烈的结构变化。ZnO纳米颗粒吸附蛋白冠,这不能保护它们免受溶解,因此,当浓度超过25µg/mL时,该材料被证明对人角化细胞(HaCaT)具有高毒性。相比之下,不吸附蛋白冠的GaN纳米颗粒在高达50µg/mL的浓度下对HaCaT细胞没有毒性迹象,与ZnO纳米颗粒相比,在培养基中表现出更低的离子泄漏浓度。
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引用次数: 2
In vivo investigation of open-pored magnesium scaffolds LAE442 with different coatings in an open wedge defect. 不同涂层的开孔镁支架LAE442在开放性楔形缺陷中的体内研究。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q2 Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/22808000221142679
Marlene Schmidt, Anja-Christina Waselau, Franziska Feichtner, Stefan Julmi, Christian Klose, Hans Jürgen Maier, Peter Wriggers, Andrea Meyer-Lindenberg

The magnesium alloy LAE442 showed promising results as a bone substitute in numerous studies in non-weight bearing bone defects. This study aimed to investigate the in vivo behavior of wedge-shaped open-pored LAE442 scaffolds modified with two different coatings (magnesium fluoride (MgF2, group 1)) or magnesium fluoride/calcium phosphate (MgF2/CaP, group 2)) in a partial weight-bearing rabbit tibia defect model. The implantation of the scaffolds was performed as an open wedge corrective osteotomy in the tibia of 40 rabbits and followed for observation periods of 6, 12, 24, and 36 weeks. Radiological and microcomputed tomographic examinations were performed in vivo. X-ray microscopic, histological, histomorphometric, and SEM/EDS analyses were performed at the end of each time period. µCT measurements and X-ray microscopy showed a slight decrease in volume and density of the scaffolds of both coatings. Histologically, endosteal and periosteal callus formation with good bridging and stabilization of the osteotomy gap and ingrowth of bone into the scaffold was seen. The MgF2 coating favored better bridging of the osteotomy gap and more bone-scaffold contacts, especially at later examination time points. Overall, the scaffolds of both coatings met the requirement to withstand the loads after an open wedge corrective osteotomy of the proximal rabbit tibia. However, in addition to the inhomogeneous degradation behavior of individual scaffolds, an accumulation of gas appeared, so the scaffold material should be revised again regarding size dimension and composition.

LAE442镁合金作为骨替代物在非负重骨缺损的大量研究中显示出良好的效果。本研究旨在研究两种不同涂层(氟化镁(MgF2,第1组)或氟化镁/磷酸钙(MgF2/CaP,第2组)修饰的楔形开孔LAE442支架在兔部分负重胫骨缺损模型中的体内行为。40只家兔胫骨采用开放楔形矫正截骨术植入支架,随访观察6、12、24、36周。在体内进行放射学和显微计算机断层扫描检查。在每个时间段结束时进行x射线显微镜、组织学、组织形态学和扫描电镜/能谱分析。微CT测量和x射线显微镜显示两种涂层支架的体积和密度略有下降。组织学上,骨内和骨膜骨痂形成,截骨间隙良好的桥接和稳定,骨长入支架。MgF2涂层有利于更好地桥接截骨间隙和更多的骨支架接触,特别是在较晚的检查时间点。总的来说,两种涂层的支架都满足了兔胫骨近端开放楔形矫正截骨后的负荷要求。然而,除了单个支架的不均匀降解行为外,还出现了气体的积聚,因此支架材料需要在尺寸、尺寸和成分上再次进行修改。
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引用次数: 0
Finite element analysis and energy recovery calculation of carbon fiber composite based on ANSYS software. 基于ANSYS软件的碳纤维复合材料有限元分析及能量回收计算。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q2 Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/22808000221140059
Jianxiao Zheng, Zhishan Duan, Liming Zhou

Purpose: To study the response under impact load of carbon fiber reinforced composite materials that have excellent mechanical properties.

Design/methodology/approach: Finite element analysis of unidirectional plates was conducted under unsymmetrical impact load based on drop weight impact test. At the macroscopic scale, a finite element model was built on ANSYS/LS-DYNA, which took the impact response of carbon fiber unidirectional plates as unknown quantity. The model considered the macroscopic response of carbon fiber unidirectional plates under different initial conditions, from the aspects of stress, strain, energy change and deformation degree of unidirectional plates. Finally, a mathematical model of energy recovery of carbon fiber composite materials under partial impact load was established, and the energy recovery amount under different fiber orientations was calculated on MATLAB.

Findings: The impact energy absorbed by the unidirectional plate is the largest when the fiber orientation is 30°. To improve the impact resistance of unidirectional plates under unsymmetrical impact load, laying schemes should be avoided at fiber orientations of 0°, 15° and 60°, and be recommended at 30°, 45°, and 75°. For impact velocity, 4.71 and 7.54 m/s should be avoided, while 2 m/s is recommended. For the impact weight, 50 and 250 kg weights should be avoided, and 150 and 200 kg weights are recommended.

Originality/value: This model not only provides reference for similar impact resistance research, but also predicts the impact response of unidirectional plates under different initial loads in the future. It can also provide reference for the structure using carbon fiber composite materials to achieve lightweight.

目的:研究具有优异力学性能的碳纤维增强复合材料在冲击载荷作用下的响应。设计/方法/途径:基于落锤冲击试验,对单向板进行非对称冲击载荷下的有限元分析。在宏观尺度上,基于ANSYS/LS-DYNA建立有限元模型,以碳纤维单向板的冲击响应为未知量。该模型从单向板的应力、应变、能量变化和变形程度等方面考虑了碳纤维单向板在不同初始条件下的宏观响应。最后,建立了部分冲击载荷下碳纤维复合材料能量回收的数学模型,并在MATLAB上计算了不同纤维取向下的能量回收量。结果:纤维取向为30°时,单向板吸收的冲击能最大。为提高单向板在非对称冲击载荷下的抗冲击性,应避免在0°、15°和60°的纤维方向敷设方案,建议在30°、45°和75°的纤维方向敷设方案。对于冲击速度,应避免4.71和7.54 m/s,建议采用2m /s。对于冲击重量,应避免使用50和250 kg的重量,建议使用150和200 kg的重量。独创性/价值:该模型不仅可以为类似的抗冲击研究提供参考,而且可以预测未来单向板在不同初始载荷下的冲击响应。也可为采用碳纤维复合材料实现结构轻量化提供参考。
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引用次数: 0
Irreversibility process analysis for SiO2-MoS2/water-based flow over a rotating and stretching cylinder. 旋转拉伸圆筒上SiO2-MoS2/水基流动的不可逆性过程分析
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q2 Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/22808000221120329
Masood Khan, Mahnoor Sarfraz, Sabba Mehmood, Malik Zaka Ullah

Entropy is the measure of the amount of energy in any physical system that is not accessible for the useful work, which causes a decrease in a system's thermodynamic efficiency. The idea of entropy generation analysis plays a vital role in characterizing the evolution of thermal processes and minimizing the impending loss of available mechanical power in thermo-fluid systems from an analytical perspective. It has a wide range of applications in biological, information, and engineering systems, such as transportation, telecommunication, and rate processes. The analysis of the entropy generation of axisymmetric magnetohydrodynamic hybrid nanofluid (SiO2-MoS2)/water flow induced by rotating and stretching cylinder in the presence of heat radiation, ohmic heating, and the magnetic field is focus of this study. Thermal energy transport of hybrid nanofluids is performed by applying the Maxwell model. Heat transport is carried out by using convective boundary condition. The dimensionless ordinary differential equations are acquired by similarity transformations. The numerical solution for these differential equations is obtained by the bvp4c program in MATLAB. A comparison between nanofluid and hybrid nanofluid is made for flow field, temperature, and entropy generation. Comparison of nanofluid flow with hybrid nanofluid flow exhibits a higher rate of heat transmission, while entropy generation exhibits the opposite behavior. It is observed that the flow and heat distribution increase as the solid volume fraction's value grows. An increase in entropy is indicated by augmentation in the Brinkman number and temperature ratio parameter, but the Bejan number shows a declining trend. Furthermore, outcomes of the Nusselt number for hybrid nanofluid and nanofluid are calculated for various parameters. It is noticed that the Nusselt number is reduced for enlarging the magnetic field and Eckert number. The axial and azimuthal wall stress parameters are declined by augmenting the Reynolds number.

熵是对任何物理系统中不能产生有用功的能量的度量,有用功会导致系统热力学效率的降低。从分析的角度来看,熵生成分析的思想在表征热过程的演变和最小化热流体系统中可用机械功率的即将损失方面起着至关重要的作用。它在生物、信息和工程系统中有广泛的应用,如运输、电信和费率处理。本文重点分析了在热辐射、欧姆加热和磁场作用下,旋转和拉伸圆柱体诱导的轴对称磁流体混合纳米流体(SiO2-MoS2)/水流动的熵产。应用麦克斯韦模型研究了混合纳米流体的热能输运。传热采用对流边界条件进行。通过相似变换得到无量纲常微分方程。利用MATLAB中的bvp4c程序对这些微分方程进行了数值求解。对纳米流体和混合纳米流体的流场、温度和熵产进行了比较。纳米流体流动与混合纳米流体流动的比较显示出更高的传热率,而熵产表现出相反的行为。随着固体体积分数的增大,流动和热分布增大。Brinkman数和温度比参数的增加表明熵的增加,但Bejan数呈下降趋势。此外,计算了不同参数下混合纳米流体和纳米流体的努塞尔数结果。注意到随着磁场和埃克特数的增大,努塞尔数减小。随着雷诺数的增大,轴向和方位壁面应力参数减小。
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引用次数: 3
A low-shrinkage, hydrophobic, degradation-resistant, antimicrobial dental composite using a fluorinated acrylate and an oxirane. 一种低收缩、疏水、抗降解、抗菌牙科复合材料,使用氟化丙烯酸酯和氧环烷。
IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q2 Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/22808000221087337
Clara Bergeron, Cori Ballard, Yiming Li, Wu Zhang, Zhe Zhong, Kyumin Whang

Objective: To develop a low shrinkage, hydrophobic, degradation-resistant, antimicrobial dental composite using a fluorinated acrylate, and a difunctional oxirane.

Methods: The effects of a fluorinated acrylate (2-(perfluorooctyl)ethyl acrylate; PFOEA), a difunctional oxirane (EPALLOY™ 5001; EP5001), and a three-component initiator system (camphorquinone/ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate/4-Isopropyl-4'-methyldiphenyl iodonium Tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate; CQ/EDMAB/Borate) on bisphenol A glycidyl dimethacrylate: triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (BisGMA:TEGDMA) composite surface hardness, degree of monomer-to-polymer conversion, hydrophobicity, translucency, mechanical properties, polymerization shrinkage and shrinkage stress, degradation, water imbibition, and antimicrobial properties were determined.

Results: Overall the experimental composites had comparable mechanical properties and lower volumetric polymerization shrinkage and shrinkage stress as compared to BisGMA:TEGDMA controls. Addition of PFOEA increased composite hydrophobicity, but it decreased degree of cure, ultimate transverse strength, and translucency. It also decreased polymerization shrinkage and shrinkage stress. The use of the CQ/EDMAB/Borate initiator system was beneficial for the cure and mechanical properties of the 30% w/w PFOEA group. However, it decreased the hydrophobicity and translucency of those composites. The addition of EP5001, at the low concentration used in this work, did not contribute to reduced polymerization volumetric shrinkage or antimicrobial properties, but it did reduce shrinkage stress.

Conclusions: A mechanically viable hydrophobic composite system with reduced polymerization shrinkage and shrinkage stress has been developed by adding PFOEA and EP5001. However, the addition of EP5001 did not render the composite antimicrobial due to the low concentration used. Further research is needed to determine the lowest concentration at which EP5001 provides antimicrobial activity. The composites developed here have the potential to improve longevity of traditional BisGMA:TEGDMA composite systems.

目的:研制一种低收缩、疏水、耐降解、抗菌牙科复合材料,使用氟化丙烯酸酯和双官能氧环烷。方法:氟化丙烯酸酯(2-(全氟辛基)丙烯酸乙酯)的效果;PFOEA),一种双功能氧环烷(EPALLOY™5001;EP5001)和三组分引发剂体系(樟脑醌/4-二甲氨基苯甲酸乙酯/4-异丙基-4'-甲基二苯基碘四(五氟苯)硼酸盐;测定了CQ/EDMAB/硼酸盐)对双酚A缩水甘油酯二甲基丙烯酸酯:三乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(BisGMA:TEGDMA)复合材料的表面硬度、单体转化度、疏水性、半透明性、力学性能、聚合收缩和收缩应力、降解性能、吸水性和抗菌性能。结果:总的来说,与BisGMA:TEGDMA对照相比,实验复合材料具有相当的机械性能和更低的体积聚合收缩和收缩应力。PFOEA的加入提高了复合材料的疏水性,但降低了固化度、极限横向强度和半透明性。同时降低了聚合收缩和收缩应力。CQ/EDMAB/硼酸盐引发剂体系的使用有利于30% w/w PFOEA组的固化和力学性能。然而,它降低了复合材料的疏水性和半透明性。EP5001的加入,在本研究中使用的低浓度下,并不有助于降低聚合体积收缩或抗菌性能,但它确实降低了收缩应力。结论:通过添加PFOEA和EP5001,制备了一种具有降低聚合收缩和收缩应力的机械可行的疏水复合体系。然而,由于使用的浓度低,EP5001的加入并没有使复合抗菌。需要进一步研究确定EP5001提供抗菌活性的最低浓度。这里开发的复合材料有可能提高传统BisGMA:TEGDMA复合系统的使用寿命。
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引用次数: 1
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Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials
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