Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology最新文献_第7页

Repellent activity of nanocrystalline ammonium paratungstate on the German cockroach, Blattella germanica (L.) 仲钨酸铵纳米晶对德国小蠊的驱避作用

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102468

Ryusei Shimizu , Ikuko Ishikawa , Haruyuki Nakano , Yuuichi Ishikawa , Keiji Nakamura

Metal-based nanomaterials’ action as a repellent against the German cockroach, Blattella germanica (Blattodea: Ectobiidae), was examined. After the inner surfaces of black non-transparent rectangular plastic cases were sprayed with colloidal solutions of nanocrystalline ammonium paratungstate or pure water, two black cases were placed as shelters in a large container. Then adult cockroaches were introduced into the container. Cockroaches in shelters were counted 1–3 h later. When using boxes sprayed with 3.0 % colloidal solution and pure water, no cockroach that entered either of the shelters chose the shelter with nanocrystalline ammonium paratungstate. Even with concentrations lower than 3.0 %, fewer cockroaches chose shelters sprayed with the nanomaterial solution over those sprayed with pure water. The repellent effects persisted for 90 days and then decreased gradually. When cockroaches were reared in the container sprayed with the colloidal solution for a week, mortality was only 6 %, which was not different from that of the control experiment. Chemical insecticides in human dwellings pose a risk of human exposure. By contrast, a low impact on human health is expected from the non-volatile nanomaterial used for this study, which shows persistent repellency lasting for several months. Nanocrystalline ammonium paratungstate can be a strong tool when used as part of integrated pest management for cockroaches.

研究了金属基纳米材料对德国小蠊（Blattella germanica）的驱蚊作用。在黑色不透明矩形塑料盒的内表面喷上纳米晶仲钨酸铵或纯水的胶体溶液后，将两个黑色盒子放置在一个大容器中作为庇护所。然后将成年蟑螂放入容器中。1 ~ 3 h后对收容室内的蜚蠊进行计数。当使用喷有3.0%胶体溶液和纯净水的盒子时，进入任何一个庇护所的蟑螂都没有选择含有纳米晶仲钨酸铵的庇护所。即使浓度低于3.0%，蟑螂选择喷洒纳米材料溶液的庇护所比喷洒纯净水的庇护所要少。驱避效果持续90 d后逐渐减弱。在喷有胶体溶液的容器中饲养一周，死亡率仅为6%，与对照实验无明显差异。人类住所中的化学杀虫剂构成人类接触的风险。相比之下，本研究中使用的非挥发性纳米材料对人类健康的影响较小，其驱避效果持续数月。纳米晶仲钨酸铵可以作为一个强大的工具，当使用作为害虫综合管理蟑螂的一部分。

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引用次数: 0

Nesting habitat and prey preferences in two caterpillar-hunting Anterhynchium species (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae) 两种捕食毛虫的前翅蜂的筑巢生境和猎物偏好（膜翅目：蜂科：翅蜂科）

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102462

Misaki Tsujii , Tomoji Endo , Shinji Sugiura

Many wasps hunt prey and transport them to nests located far from prey-hunting sites. While many studies have presented either prey preferences or nesting habitat selection in hunting wasps, few have investigated whether prey habitats are closely linked to nesting habitats. To clarify the relationship between prey and nesting habitats, we studied the prey items and nesting habitats of the two caterpillar-hunting wasps, Anterhynchium flavomarginatum and Anterhynchium gibbifrons (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae), in a mixed agricultural and forest landscape in Hyogo, central Japan. Trap nests were placed in four environments, agricultural fields, bamboo forest edges, broad-leaved forests, and bamboo/broad-leaved forest boundaries, from June to November 2020. Anterhynchium flavomarginatum and A. gibbifrons nested in 25% and 60% of the 48 trap nests, respectively. The former nested in all four environments, whereas the latter nested at bamboo forest edges, in broad-leaved forests, and at the boundaries. Anterhynchium flavomarginatum provisioned its nests with larvae of 15 moth species (Lepidoptera: Crambidae, Pyralidae, Tortricidae), whose host plants were found in agricultural fields and other environments. In contrast, A. gibbifrons provisioned its nests exclusively with larvae of Demobotys pervulgalis (Crambidae), with its host plants restricted to bamboo. Our findings suggest that prey availability influences nesting habitat selection in the two Anterhynchium species. Anterhynchium flavomarginatum showed greater habitat flexibility, likely due to its broader prey range, whereas A. gibbifrons exhibited a narrow habitat range corresponding to the host plant distribution of its sole prey species.

许多黄蜂捕食猎物，并将它们运送到远离捕猎地点的巢穴。虽然许多研究都提出了狩猎黄蜂的猎物偏好或筑巢栖息地选择，但很少有人调查猎物栖息地是否与筑巢栖息地密切相关。为了明确猎物与筑巢生境之间的关系，本研究在日本中部的农林混合景观中，研究了两种捕食毛虫的黄蜂——黄斑蜂和姬斑蜂（膜翅目：斑蜂科：姬蜂科）的猎物种类和筑巢生境。于2020年6月至11月在农田、竹林边缘、阔叶林和竹林/阔叶林边界4种环境中设置陷阱巢。在48个诱捕窝中，黄精蕨（Anterhynchium flavomarginatum）占25%，三叶草（A. gibbifrons）占60%。前者在所有四种环境中都筑巢，后者在竹林边缘、阔叶林和边界筑巢。Anterhynchium flavomarginatum以15种蛾类（鳞翅目：蛾科、蛾科、蛾科）的幼虫为巢，寄主植物分布在农田和其他环境中。与之相反的是，长臂猿的巢只以竹蛾的幼虫为食，寄主植物仅限于竹子。我们的研究结果表明，猎物的可得性影响了两种前翅目动物的筑巢栖息地选择。黄斑拟南蝽具有较强的生境适应性，这可能是由于其捕食范围较广，而棕腹拟南蝽的生境范围较窄，这与其唯一捕食物种的寄主植物分布相对应。

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引用次数: 0

Role of sorbitol dehydrogenase in silkworm ovarian physiology and metabolism: insights from mutant analysis and proteomic profiling 山梨醇脱氢酶在家蚕卵巢生理和代谢中的作用：来自突变体分析和蛋白质组学分析的见解

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-08-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102467

Yangwei Ning , Yizhong Zhang , Yanrong Chen , Shanshan Wang , Shunming Tang , Juan Zhu , Xingjia Shen

Sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH) plays a pivotal role in the polyol pathway by regulating sorbitol and fructose metabolism. During silkworm (Bombyx mori) embryonic development, SDH catalyzes the conversion of sorbitol to glycogen to meet the metabolic demands of the growing embryo. However, its function in the ovarian physiology and metabolism remains poorly understood. In this study,we generated a homozygous BmSDH mutant strain using CRISPR/Cas9 and performed TMT-based proteomic analysis to investigate the impact of SDH knockout on the ovarian proteome at the 3rd-day pupal stage. Concurrently, we quantified glycogen, sorbitol, glycerol, and trehalose levels in mutant ovarian tissues to assess metabolic perturbations. The results revealed that a 6-base insertion in BmSDH disrupted enzymatic function. Proteomic profiling identified 204 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) (124 upregulated, 80 downregulated), enriched in 90 GO terms and 107 KEGG pathways. Among the DEPs, 19 key proteins were identified, including Six downregulated proteins involved in amino acid/glucose metabolism indicated reduced metabolic flux in mutants. Eight proteins associated with growth, and development showed differential expression, with six upregulated and two downregulated, implicated BmSDH in ovarian development and diapause initiation. Furthermore, Five disease-associated proteins (e.g., cardiomyopathy-linked factors) revealed evolutionarily conserved BmSDH functions. Metabolomics showed elevated glycogen, trehalose, and glycerol in mutant ovaries, consistent with disrupted polyol pathway dynamics. These results elucidate BmSDH’s multifaceted roles in silkworm ovarian development, bridging metabolic regulation, reproductive programming, and conserved disease mechanisms.

山梨糖醇脱氢酶（SDH）通过调节山梨糖醇和果糖的代谢，在多元醇途径中起关键作用。在家蚕胚胎发育过程中，SDH催化山梨醇转化为糖原，以满足胚胎生长的代谢需求。然而，其在卵巢生理和代谢中的作用仍知之甚少。在本研究中，我们利用CRISPR/Cas9技术生成了一株纯合子BmSDH突变株，并进行了基于tmt的蛋白质组学分析，以研究SDH敲除对蛹期第3天卵巢蛋白质组的影响。同时，我们量化了突变卵巢组织中的糖原、山梨醇、甘油和海藻糖水平，以评估代谢扰动。结果显示，BmSDH中的6个碱基插入破坏了酶的功能。蛋白质组学分析鉴定出204个差异表达蛋白（DEPs）（124个上调，80个下调），在90个GO项和107个KEGG途径中富集。在dep中，鉴定出19个关键蛋白，其中6个涉及氨基酸/葡萄糖代谢的下调蛋白表明突变体的代谢通量降低。8种与生长发育相关的蛋白表达差异，其中6种表达上调，2种表达下调，表明BmSDH与卵巢发育和滞育起始有关。此外，五种疾病相关蛋白（如心肌病相关因子）揭示了进化上保守的BmSDH功能。代谢组学显示突变卵巢中糖原、海藻糖和甘油含量升高，与多元醇途径动力学中断一致。这些结果阐明了BmSDH在家蚕卵巢发育、桥接代谢调节、生殖编程和保守疾病机制中的多方面作用。

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引用次数: 0

Identification and expression analysis of olfactory genes from Ephestia elutella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) antennal transcriptome elutella（鳞翅目：皮蝇科）嗅觉基因转录组的鉴定与表达分析

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-08-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102460

Guiyao Wang , Yueliang Bai , Hanping Zhou , Yingjie Liu , Taibo Liang , Keke Sun , Yongsheng Wang , Qiang Xu , Jianwei Wang

Ephestia elutella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) is a globally significant pest of stored products. Its olfactory system is crucial for mating, oviposition, and host location. Despite its importance, the mechanisms underlying odorant recognition in E. elutella are not well understood. Olfactory genes are thought to initiate the process of olfactory signal transduction in insects. In this study, we conducted antennal transcriptome sequencing of E. elutella, identifying 75 genes related to olfaction. This list includes 9 odorant-binding proteins (OBPs), 4 chemosensory proteins (CSPs), 46 olfactory receptors (ORs), 6 ionotropic receptors (IRs), 7 gustatory receptors (GRs), and 3 sensory neuron membrane proteins (SNMPs). Results from quantitative real-time PCR indicated that 7 EeluOBPs, 38 EeluORs and 5 EeluGRs exhibited higher expression levels in male antennae compared to females. These insights lay the groundwork for future research into the chemoreceptive mechanisms of E. elutella.

elutella（鳞翅目：皮蝇科）是全球重要的储粮害虫。它的嗅觉系统对交配、产卵和寄主定位至关重要。尽管它很重要，但对臭鼬嗅觉识别的机制尚不清楚。嗅觉基因被认为启动了昆虫的嗅觉信号转导过程。在这项研究中，我们对elutella进行了触角转录组测序，鉴定了75个与嗅觉相关的基因。该列表包括9种气味结合蛋白（OBPs）， 4种化学感觉蛋白（CSPs）， 46种嗅觉受体（ORs）， 6种嗜离子受体（IRs）， 7种味觉受体（GRs）和3种感觉神经元膜蛋白（snp）。实时荧光定量PCR结果显示，7个EeluOBPs、38个EeluORs和5个eelugr在雄性触角中的表达量高于雌性。这些发现为进一步研究艾草的化学接受机制奠定了基础。

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引用次数: 0

Insecticidal properties of tea seed saponin against the mulberry snout moth, Glyphodes pyloalis Walker (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) 茶籽皂苷对桑鼻蛾的杀虫性能研究

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-08-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102465

Samar Ramzi , Ehsan Kahneh , Reza Azadi Gonbad , Fatemeh Parsa , Morteza Shahriari

The mulberry snout moth, Glyphodes pyloalis Walker, is an important and destructive pest of mulberry in Asia. Because of its extensive damages on mulberry leaves and making obstacle in sericulture, it is inevitable application of synthetic and biorational insecticides. Excessive application of insecticides may lead to develop resistance and to pollute environment mainly water resources therefore use of natural products (like botanical insecticides) is of great importance as an alternative. In the present study, a saponin was extracted from tea seeds and treated against G. pyloalis larvae. Results showed that a concentration of 2.8 % saponin caused 50 % mortality in treated larvae compared to the control, and the LT₅₀ (Median Lethal Time) was 6.34 days. Also, the repellency index increased in a dose-dependent manner. Tea saponin treatment increased the duration of egg hatching, larval and pre-pupae periods compared to the control. Activities of digestive carbohydrates and proteases were significantly reduced in the exposed larvae. Additionally, saponin treatment significantly decreased the activity of digestive enzymes but it statistically induced antioxidant system in G. pyloalis larvae. The obtained results suggested that tea saponin can affect important biological and physiological processes of G. pyloalis and it may be used as an efficient biopesticide in control of G. pyloalis population.

桑树鼻蛾（Glyphodes pyloalis Walker）是亚洲桑树的重要危害害虫。由于其对桑叶危害广泛，对桑蚕养殖造成障碍，因此合成和生物杀虫剂的应用是不可避免的。过量使用杀虫剂可能导致抗药性，污染环境，主要是水资源，因此使用天然产品（如植物性杀虫剂）作为替代方法非常重要。本研究从茶叶种子中提取一种皂素，并对其进行防治幽门螺杆菌幼虫的研究。结果表明，浓度为2.8%的皂苷处理的幼虫死亡率为对照组的50%，LT50（中位致死时间）为6.34 d。驱避指数呈剂量依赖性增加。与对照组相比，茶皂素处理增加了卵孵化期、幼虫期和蛹期。暴露后幼虫的消化碳水化合物和蛋白酶活性显著降低。此外，皂素处理显著降低了幽门螺杆菌幼虫的消化酶活性，但对抗氧化系统有显著的促进作用。结果表明，茶皂素可影响幽门螺杆菌的重要生理和生物学过程，可作为一种有效的生物农药防治幽门螺杆菌。

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引用次数: 0

Assessment of growth performance and gut bacterial communities of black soldier fly larvae reared on biowaste 生物废弃物饲养黑虻幼虫生长性能及肠道菌群评价

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-08-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102463

Sutinee Plodprong , Kamonrat Suwanchaisri , Jariya Roddee , Jureemart Wangkeeree

Black soldier fly larvae (BSFL; Hermetia illucens) decompose low-value residues into high-quality nutrient biomass. Using organic waste that was locally available and taking into account biosafety concerns in feed application, we investigated the growth performance, body composition, and gut bacterial communities of BSFL fed with different waste substrates including food waste (FW), supermarket food leftovers (SU), fruit waste (FR), fruit waste mixed with soybean residue (FR + SR), and peanut coat mixed with soybean residue (PN + SR) compared with control standard substrate (CS). All substrates showed a survival rate > 95 %; however, growth parameters varied. FW resulted in higher larval biomass yields than the other substrates, producing nutritional value similar to that of CS. These substrates affect bacterial gut diversity and composition. High-throughput amplicon sequencing revealed that larval guts fed FR + SR, CS, and PN + SR had higher diversity indices. Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidota were identified as abundant phyla. Abundant genera included typical members of the core gut microbial community, such as Providencia, Enterococcus, and Klebsiella, with differences in their presence and relative abundances among feeding substrate types. These findings provide valuable information supporting the use of locally available organic residues in BSFL feeding. Additionally, the insights gained into bacterial diversity will contribute to establishing safety measures for the use of BSFL as food and feed.

黑兵蝇幼虫（BSFL; Hermetia illucens）将低价值的残留物分解成高质量的营养生物质。利用当地可利用的有机废物，并考虑饲料应用中的生物安全问题，研究了不同废物基质（食物垃圾（FW）、超市食品残渣（SU）、水果垃圾（FR）、水果垃圾与豆渣混合（FR + SR）和花生皮与豆渣混合（PN + SR））对BSFL生长性能、体组成和肠道细菌群落的影响，并与对照标准基质（CS）进行了比较。所有底物的存活率均为95%；然而，生长参数各不相同。FW的幼虫生物量高于其他基质，其营养价值与CS相似。这些底物影响肠道细菌的多样性和组成。高通量扩增子测序结果显示，FR + SR、CS和PN + SR喂养的幼虫肠道多样性指数较高。变形菌门、厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门被确定为丰富的门。丰富的属包括核心肠道微生物群落的典型成员，如普罗维登菌、肠球菌和克雷伯菌，它们的存在和相对丰度在不同的摄食底物类型中存在差异。这些发现为支持在BSFL饲养中使用当地可获得的有机残留物提供了有价值的信息。此外，对细菌多样性的深入了解将有助于建立使用BSFL作为食品和饲料的安全措施。

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引用次数: 0

Phenology of oviposition and reproductive behaviour of the invasive plant hopper Scolypopa australis (Walker) (Hemiptera: Ricaniidae) 入侵寄生蜂南棘虫产卵和繁殖行为的物候特征（半翅目：蠓科）

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-08-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102464

D.P. Logan , C.A. Rowe

Passionvine hopper, Scolypopa australis (Walker)(PVH) (Hemiptera: Ricaniidae) is a serious pest of kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis) grown in New Zealand. Production is affected by the sooty mould fungi that grow on honeydew-covered fruits. PVH have a one-year lifecycle, with eggs as the longest-lived and overwintering stage. Some aspects of the lifecycle of PVH such as adult reproductive behaviour remain relatively poorly known. The aim of this study was to determine when egg laying occurred in wild PVH populations in the Bay of Plenty, the main kiwifruit production region in New Zealand. PVH oviposition was determined using balsa wood sticks at four sites over four years. Eggs were laid between mid-summer and mid-autumn with peak oviposition from mid-March to mid-April. After a 1–2- week pre-oviposition period, females laid on average 794 eggs when caged in a group with males and provided with a choice of host plants. Longevity of females was on average 5.6 weeks with the longest-lived 21 weeks old. Females were synovigenic and appear capable of rapid oocyte development and laying batches of eggs more than once a week. Mating occurred predominantly after dusk; oviposition increased after dusk but was also observed throughout the day. This study provides new information on the reproductive behaviour of PVH that is important for understanding the ecology of the population and developing management options involving adult behaviour.

猕猴桃（Actinidia chinensis）是新西兰猕猴桃（Actinidia chinensis）的严重害虫。生产受到生长在蜜露覆盖的水果上的烟霉真菌的影响。PVH的生命周期为一年，卵是最长寿的越冬阶段。PVH生命周期的某些方面，如成人生殖行为，仍然相对不为人所知。本研究的目的是确定丰盛湾野生PVH种群产卵的时间，丰盛湾是新西兰主要的猕猴桃产区。在四年的时间里，用巴尔沙木棒在四个地点测定PVH的产卵量。产卵期为仲夏至中秋，产卵高峰期为3月中旬至4月中旬。经过1-2周的产卵前期，雌虫与雄虫关在一组中，并提供可选择的寄主植物，平均产卵794个。女性的平均寿命为5.6周，最长的为21周。雌性是同胚的，似乎能够快速发育卵母细胞，每周产卵一次以上。交配主要发生在黄昏之后；黄昏后产卵增加，但白天也观察到。这项研究提供了关于PVH生殖行为的新信息，这对于了解种群生态和制定涉及成人行为的管理方案非常重要。

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引用次数: 0

Assessing the quarantine potential of ethyl formate as a stand-alone phytosanitary treatment against Ceratitis capitata: A comparative study on naked condition and natural infestation in mandarin 评估甲酸乙酯作为单一植物检疫手段对头角虫的检疫潜力：柑桔裸染与自然侵染的比较研究

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-08-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102459

Dongbin Kim , Tae‐Hyung Kwon , Bong-Su Kim , Yonglin Ren , Sung-Eun Lee , Byung-Ho Lee

The Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae), is a globally invasive pest that threatens biosecurity and agricultural trade due to its broad host range and high adaptability. Effective quarantine treatments are essential to prevent its introduction and establishment. This study evaluated the efficacy of ethyl formate (EF) fumigation as a phytosanitary treatment against C. capitata under two conditions: (1) naked condition and (2) natural infestation in mandarin. EF fumigation was conducted at 23 °C for 4 h, and mortality was obtained across different developmental stages. Under naked conditions, LCt_99% values varied across developmental stages, with pupae showing the highest resistance (631.33 g h/m³) and adults the highest susceptibility (89.87 g h/m³) and eggs, 1st-2nd instar larvae and 3rd instar larvae were 406.86, 296.69 and 261.76 g h/m³, respectively. In naturally infested mandarins, significantly higher EF concentrations were required to achieve similar mortality levels, with LCt_99% values for eggs and 1st-2nd instar larvae recorded at 745.18 g h/m³ and 642.42 g h/m³, respectively. These findings suggest that EF fumigation is more effective in direct exposure conditions, whereas the penetration limitations in citrus fruits necessitate higher dosages. This study provides critical data for establishing effective EF based quarantine treatments against C. capitata, contributing to the development of standardized phytosanitary treatment protocols.

地中海果蝇（双翅目：绢蝇科）是一种全球性的入侵害虫，因其宿主范围广、适应性强，对生物安全和农业贸易构成威胁。有效的检疫措施对防止其传入和建立至关重要。研究了甲酸乙酯（EF）熏蒸在柑桔裸染和自然侵染两种条件下对头蚜的植物检疫处理效果。在23°C下进行EF熏蒸4小时，并获得不同发育阶段的死亡率。裸露条件下，不同发育阶段的LCt99%值存在差异，蛹的抗性最高（631.33 gh /m3），成虫的敏感性最高（89.87 gh /m3），卵、1 ~ 2龄幼虫和3龄幼虫的LCt99%值分别为406.86、296.69和261.76 gh /m3。在自然侵染的柑桔中，需要较高的EF浓度才能达到相似的死亡率水平，虫卵和1 ~ 2龄幼虫的LCt99%分别为745.18 gh /m3和642.42 gh /m3。这些发现表明，EF熏蒸在直接暴露条件下更有效，而柑橘类水果的渗透限制需要更高的剂量。本研究为建立有效的植物检疫处理方法提供了关键数据，有助于制定标准化的植物检疫处理方案。

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引用次数: 0

Ribavirin showed insect growth regulator activity to Helicoverpa armigera 利巴韦林对棉铃虫具有昆虫生长调节剂活性

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-08-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102457

Li Xu , Yin Huang , Zezheng Liu , Qi Zuo , Minghui Long , Yichen Fu , Runqiang Liu , Yunchao Kan , Dongzhi Li

Ribavirin is a nucleoside analog used to control virus disease clinically. In this study, toxicity determination, transcriptome analysis and ELISA were employed to explore its toxicity and potential mechanism on Helicoverpa armigera larvae. Results suggested that ribavirin showed stomach toxicity to H. armigera, but low contact toxicity. Chemicals 1,2,4-triazole and 1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide showed low stomach toxicity to H. armigera, indicating 1,2,4-triazole and furanose were both the key chemical structure to ensure the larvicidal activity of ribavirin. Transcriptome and qRT-PCR results validated that ribavirin treatment inhibited the expression of genes in chitin biosynthesis, lipid biosynthesis and cuticle protein genes. Ribavirin treatment also decreased the Juvenile Hormone (JH) titer, but showed no influence to ecdysone titer. These results indicated that ribavirin treatment inhibited JH biosynthesis and interfered new cuticle formation, which resulted to the failure of H. armigera larvae molting and normal pupation. These results provided a novel lead compound for IGR development to control H. armigera.

利巴韦林是临床上用于控制病毒病的核苷类似物。本研究采用毒力测定、转录组分析和酶联免疫吸附试验，探讨其对棉铃虫幼虫的毒力及其潜在机制。结果表明，利巴韦林对棉铃虫有胃毒性，但接触毒性较低。化学成分1,2,4-三唑和1,2,4-三唑-3-羧酰胺对棉铃虫的胃毒性较低，说明1,2,4-三唑和呋喃糖都是保证利巴韦林杀幼虫活性的关键化学结构。转录组和qRT-PCR结果证实，利巴韦林抑制了几丁质生物合成、脂质生物合成和角质层蛋白基因的表达。利巴韦林治疗也降低了少年激素（JH）滴度，但对脱皮激素滴度没有影响。这些结果表明，利巴韦林抑制了JH的生物合成，干扰了新角质层的形成，导致棉铃虫幼虫无法正常蜕皮和化蛹。这些结果为IGR的开发提供了一种新的先导化合物。

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引用次数: 0

Diapause determination in Osmia cornifrons based on oxygen consumption 基于耗氧量的玉米荚滞育测定

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-08-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102461

Hyung Joo Yoon , Kyeong Yong Lee , Hye Kyung Kim , Bo Yeon Kim , Kwang Sik Lee , Byung Rae Jin

Osmia cornifrons mason bees are important pollinators of fruit trees. Diapause treatment is essential for their year-round breeding. We measured oxygen consumption and awakening in O. cornifrons to identify a biomarker for evaluating diapause termination. In O. cornifrons, oxygen consumption increased with the duration of the chilling period and was 1.4–1.8-fold higher in male cocoons than that in female cocoons. Oxygen consumption in O. cornifrons cocoons did not differ significantly among chilling temperatures (0 °C, 2.5 °C, 5 °C, 7.5 °C, and 10 °C); however, regression analysis of oxygen uptake values between 0–5 °C and 7.5–10 °C in male and female cocoons revealed a significant second-order relationship. Oxygen uptake was higher at 7.5–10 °C than that at 0–5 °C during the same chilling periods. Cocoons kept at 7.5–10 °C also exhibited earlier emergence than those kept at 0–5 °C. The average respiration rate of newly awakened adults was 1,400.4 and 4,011.2 µL/mg body weight/h in females and males, respectively, representing a 2.9-fold higher rate in males. Respiratory rate increased with the number of days after emergence. Accordingly, we developed a method using a biorespirometer to quantitatively assess the degree of dormancy and awakening, which has implications for the essential dormancy treatment for year-round breeding of mason bees.

石蜂是果树重要的传粉者。滞育处理对它们全年的繁殖至关重要。我们测量了O. cornifrons的氧气消耗和觉醒，以确定评估滞育终止的生物标志物。玉米茧的耗氧量随冷藏时间的延长而增加，雄茧的耗氧量是雌茧的1.4 ~ 1.8倍。不同冷却温度（0°C、2.5°C、5°C、7.5°C和10°C）下，玉米茧的耗氧量差异不显著；在0-5°C和7.5-10°C之间，雌雄茧的吸氧值的回归分析显示了显著的二阶关系。在相同的冷却时间内，7.5 ~ 10℃的摄氧量高于0 ~ 5℃的摄氧量。在7.5-10°C保存的茧比在0-5°C保存的茧更早羽化。新醒成人的平均呼吸速率，女性和男性分别为140.4µL/mg体重/h和4011.2µL/mg体重/h，男性高2.9倍。呼吸频率随出血性天数的增加而增加。因此，我们开发了一种使用生物呼吸计定量评估休眠和觉醒程度的方法，这对泥瓦蜂全年繁殖的基本休眠处理具有重要意义。

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