Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology最新文献_第7页

Unveiling the efficacy of a novel strain of Beauveria brongniartii to manage Sitobion miscanthi (Takahashi) and Rhopalosiphum padi (Linnaeus) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in China 揭示了一株新菌株对高桥白僵菌（siobion miscanthi）和帕达蚜（Rhopalosiphum padi）的防治效果（半翅目：蚜虫科）

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102484

Xujun Tian , Saige Zhu , Xiao Ran , Xinan Li , Xiangrui Li , Yunhui Zhang , Rongyu Li , Xun Zhu

Wheat aphids, including Sitobion miscanthi (Takahashi) and Rhopalosiphum padi (Linnaeus), inflict serious damage to wheat crops. Consequently, it is necessary to find a new management option to reduce the damage caused by aphids. Entomopathogenic fungi serve as a tool to control the aphid population build-up. The current study explores a new entomopathogenic fungus that, infests S. miscanthi in China. Using morphological and molecular methods, the isolated colonies were identified as Beauveria brongniartii Sacc. (Petc) (Ascomycota: Cordycypitaceae). Bioassay studies with purified conidial suspensions further confirmed the infectivity to the adult wheat aphids. The results showed that after 6 days of treatment with a conidia concentration of 1.0 × 10⁷ spores/mL, the mortality rates of S. miscanti and R. padi were 97.78 % and 91.11 %, respectively. However, 52.22 % of S. miscanthi and 47.78 % of R. padi adults survived after 7 days of exposure to a conidia concentration of 1.0 × 10³ spores/mL of B. brongniartii. Additionally, the semi-lethal time decreased with the increase of conidia concentration of the strain. To further understand and enhance the value of B. brongniartii, we performed whole-genome sequencing and an analysis of its strain. The genome length was 2,295,663,102 bp and 316 contigs, with an average length of 7,264,756.71 bp. Moreover, database alignment identified 455 CAZyme, 1643 TCDB, and 2850 PHI genes. The current study also explored five surface proteins of B. brongniartii Y618 that worked best against wheat aphids. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the pathogenicity of B. brongniartii against wheat aphids, and it could serve as a potential candidate for an integrated pest management plan.

小麦蚜虫，包括高桥蚜虫（Sitobion miscanthi）和林奈蚜虫（Rhopalosiphum padi），对小麦作物造成严重危害。因此，有必要寻找一种新的管理方法来减少蚜虫造成的危害。昆虫病原真菌是控制蚜虫种群积累的一种工具。本研究探索了一种新的昆虫病原真菌，侵染中国的miscanthi。通过形态学和分子学方法鉴定分离菌落为长春藤白僵菌。子囊菌纲：虫草科。纯化的分生孢子悬浮液进一步证实了该菌对小麦蚜虫的侵染能力。结果表明，在分生孢子浓度为1.0 × 107孢子/mL的条件下，处理6 d后，miscanti和padi的死亡率分别为97.78%和91.11%。而当孢子浓度为1.0 × 103孢子/mL时，7 d后，miscanthi成虫存活率为52.22%，padi成虫存活率为47.78%。半致死时间随菌株分生孢子浓度的增加而缩短。为了进一步了解和提高该菌株的价值，我们对该菌株进行了全基因组测序和分析。基因组长度为2,295,663,102 bp，共316个contigs，平均长度为7,264,756.71 bp。此外，数据库比对鉴定出455个CAZyme、1643个TCDB和2850个PHI基因。目前的研究还发现了5种对小麦蚜虫最有效的布朗氏螺旋体Y618表面蛋白。据我们所知，这是第一次报道长曲螺旋体对小麦蚜虫的致病性，它可以作为一个潜在的候选害虫综合治理计划。

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引用次数: 0

Altitudinal shifts and climatic sensitivity of three Ephemera species (Ephemeroptera: Ephemeridae) based on long-term freshwater monitoring in South Korea 基于韩国淡水长期监测的三种蜉蝣的海拔变化和气候敏感性

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102490

Ye Ji Seo , Sung Hwan Park , Dong Gun Kim , Yeon Jae Bae

Freshwater insects are sensitive indicators of climate change, yet long-term, multi-species analyses remain limited. This study investigated altitudinal distribution shifts of three Korean mayflies (Ephemera separigata, E. strigata, E. orientalis) using 27 years of nationwide biomonitoring (1997–2023) across 4741 georeferenced sites. Average temperature (AT), total precipitation (P), and precipitation variability (PV) were assigned to occurrence records by region and year. Multiple linear regression (MLR) was applied to assess linear relationships between climatic variables and altitude, while random forest (RF) models captured nonlinear effects and evaluated variable importance. All three species exhibited significant downslope shifts, with E. separigata showing the greatest decline (−173.9 m). MLR models had low explanatory power (R² = 0.037–0.150), identifying PV as significant for E. separigata and E. orientalis (p < 0.05). RF models provided improved explanatory power (R² = 0.297–0.412) and revealed that precipitation-related variables (P or PV) were generally the most influential, though the leading predictor differed among species. Notably, Phase 5 coincided with a marked increase in PV, aligning with the most pronounced downslope shifts. These results suggest that PV destabilizes headwater habitats and promotes persistence in lower, hydrologically stable reaches. Our findings highlight the importance of hydrological variability, alongside temperature, in predicting climate-driven range shifts and refining bioindicator-based conservation strategies for freshwater ecosystems.

淡水昆虫是气候变化的敏感指标，但长期的多物种分析仍然有限。本研究利用27 年（1997-2023）全国4741个地理参考点的生物监测资料，调查了三种韩国蜉蝣（蜉蝣）（蜉蝣）、条纹蜉蝣（E. strigata）和东方蜉蝣（E. orientalis）的海拔分布变化。将平均温度（AT）、总降水量(P)和降水变率（PV）按区域和年份赋值。多元线性回归（MLR）用于评估气候变量与海拔之间的线性关系，而随机森林（RF）模型捕获非线性效应并评估变量重要性。3种植物均表现出明显的下坡变化，其中独叶莲下降幅度最大（- 173.9 m）。MLR模型的解释能力较低（R2 = 0.037-0.150），表明PV对散叶莲和东方莲具有显著性（p <； 0.05）。RF模型提供了更好的解释力（R2 = 0.297-0.412），并显示降水相关变量（P或PV）通常是最具影响力的，尽管主要预测因子在物种之间存在差异。值得注意的是，第5阶段恰逢PV显著增加，与最明显的下坡变化一致。这些结果表明，PV破坏了源头栖息地的稳定性，并促进了下游水文稳定河段的持续存在。我们的研究结果强调了水文变异和温度在预测气候驱动的范围变化和完善基于生物指标的淡水生态系统保护策略方面的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of trap color, monochamol and α-pinene release rates, and α-pinene enantiomers on the capture of Monochamus alternatus Hope (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) 诱捕器颜色、单酚和α-蒎烯释放率及α-蒎烯对映体对野田鼠捕获的影响（鞘翅目：天牛科）

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102481

Min-Jung Huh , Il-Kwon Park

Monochamus alternatus Hope (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) is a known vector of the pine wood nematode (PWN), the causal agent of pine wilt disease. Effective control of this vector is essential to prevent the spread of PWN. Although pheromone traps have been employed to monitor the seasonal occurrence of M. alternatus, they have not yet been adopted as a practical method for field-level pest control. Therefore, to utilize pheromone traps for reducing vector populations, their trapping efficiency must be enhanced beyond the levels currently used for monitoring purposes. In this study, various pheromone trap conditions were evaluated through field trials to enhance the attraction of M. alternatus by modifying trap color, α-pinene enantiomers, and the release rates of pheromone and α-pinene. Among six tested colors, M. alternatus was most strongly attracted to black traps. In the enantiomer preference test for α-pinene, M. alternatus showed no significant difference in response among the different enantiomers. To assess the effects of pheromone and α-pinene release rates on M. alternatus capture, traps were baited with lures emitting varying release rates of monochamol (7–35 mg/day) and (−)-α-pinene (13–65 mg/day). Traps using the release rates of monochamol (35 mg/day) and (−)-α-pinene (52 mg/day) that resulted in the highest captures were 59.8 % more effective than those using the lowest release rates (monochamol: 7 mg/day; (−)-α-pinene: 13 mg/day). Notably, while there was no significant difference in male captures, traps with the optimal release rates captured 60.5 % more females. Although this study was conducted with limited replicates and relatively short trap spacing, the findings provide valuable insight into optimizing trap performance and lay the groundwork for developing more effective control strategies against M. alternatus.

松材线虫（PWN）是松材线虫（PWN）的一种已知媒介，是松材线虫病的致病因子。有效控制这一病媒对于防止PWN的传播至关重要。虽然信息素诱捕器已被用于监测交替田鼠的季节性发生，但尚未作为一种实用的田间害虫防治方法。因此，为了利用信息素诱捕器减少病媒种群，必须提高诱捕效率，使其超过目前用于监测目的的水平。本研究通过田间试验，评价了不同信息素诱捕条件下，通过改变诱捕器颜色、α-蒎烯对映体、信息素和α-蒎烯的释放率来提高野田鼠对野田鼠的吸引力。在6种被试颜色中，黑捕鼠器对交替田鼠的吸引力最大。在α-蒎烯的对映体偏好测试中，不同对映体间的反应无显著差异。为了评估信息素和α-蒎烯释放率对野田鼠捕获的影响，采用释放不同释放率的单酚（7-35 mg/d）和(−)-α-蒎烯（13-65 mg/d）的诱捕器作为诱饵。使用单甘油醇（35 mg/d）和(−)-α-蒎烯（52 mg/d）释放速率的捕集器捕获效率最高，比使用最低释放速率（单甘油醇：7 mg/d；(−)-α-蒎烯：13 mg/d）的捕集器捕获效率高59.8%。值得注意的是，虽然雄性捕获量没有显著差异，但具有最佳释放率的陷阱捕获的雌性多60.5%。虽然这项研究的重复次数有限，陷阱间距相对较短，但研究结果为优化陷阱性能提供了有价值的见解，并为制定更有效的防治策略奠定了基础。

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引用次数: 0

Nanoemulsions of Leucaena leucocephala wood vinegar and main constituents exhibit high mosquitocidal activity against larvae of Culex pipiens L. (Diptera: Culicidae) via oxidative stress and neurotoxicity 白头翁木醋纳米乳剂及其主要成分通过氧化应激和神经毒性对淡纹库蚊幼虫表现出较高的杀蚊活性

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102471

Nehad E.M. Taktak , Noura A. Hassan , Hesham M. Aly , Mohamed E.I. Badawy

The present study investigates the mosquitocidal efficacy and biochemical effect of Leucaena leucocephala wood vinegar, its major chemical constituents (2-methoxy-p-creosol and o-guaiacol), and their nanoemulsion formulations against Culex pipiens larvae. The larvicidal bioassay revealed that the products exhibited time- and concentration-dependent toxicity against larvae, with nanoemulsion formulations significantly enhanced efficacy, especially for 2-methoxy-p-cresol, which achieved an exceptionally low LC₅₀ of 0.09 mg/L after 48 h of exposure. Biochemical assays confirmed substantial alterations in larval enzyme activity, indicating oxidative stress and neurotoxic effects induced by the treatments. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis identified key bioactive compounds, including 2-methoxy-p-creosol (18.48 % peak area) and o-guaiacol (17.32 % peak area), which were further evaluated through molecular docking against target enzymes acetylcholinesterase (AChE), adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and carboxylesterase (CarE). Docking results demonstrated strong binding affinities, suggesting potential mechanisms of action. These findings highlight the potential of L. leucocephala wood vinegar and its nanoformulations as eco-friendly, plant-based mosquito control agents with promising bioactivity at both physiological and molecular levels.

研究了银合子木醋及其主要化学成分（2-甲氧基-对甲酚和邻愈创木酚）及其纳米乳制剂对淡库蚊幼虫的杀蚊效果和生化效果。生物测定结果表明，该产品对幼虫的毒性具有时间和浓度依赖性，纳米乳配方显著增强了对幼虫的毒性，特别是对2-甲氧基-对甲酚，在48 h后达到了极低的LC50，为0.09 mg/L。生化分析证实了幼虫酶活性的实质性变化，表明处理引起的氧化应激和神经毒性作用。气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）分析鉴定出关键的生物活性化合物，包括2-甲氧基-对甲酚（18.48 %峰面积）和邻愈木酚（17.32 %峰面积），并通过与靶酶乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）、腺苷三磷酸酶（ATPase）、谷胱甘肽s -转移酶（GST）和羧酸酯酶（CarE）的分子对接进一步评价。对接结果显示出较强的结合亲和力，提示潜在的作用机制。这些发现突出了L. leucocephala木醋及其纳米制剂作为生态友好型植物基灭蚊剂的潜力，在生理和分子水平上都具有良好的生物活性。

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引用次数: 0

Comparative study of solubilization tags to improve protein secretion in a baculovirus expression system 增溶标签改善杆状病毒表达系统蛋白分泌的比较研究

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102456

Yin Zhang , Hiroaki Mon , Jae Man Lee , Jian Xu , Kyle Dominic Barnuevo , Tapas Chakraborty , Kohei Ohta , Michiya Matsuyama , Takahiro Kusakabe

Although the silkworm-baculovirus expression system (BES) is known as an excellent recombinant secreted protein expression system, some recombinant proteins are difficult to mass produce. One reason for this is that the protein structure itself is unstable and protein aggregation occurs. In this study, we used the chub mackerel leptin-A (cmLepA), a protein that has been shown to induce gonadotropin secretion in fish, as a model protein and examined the effects of eleven fusion peptides that are expected to enhance the solubility of recombinant proteins. Our results showed that soluble secretion levels of the recombinant LepA (rLepA) were significantly increased in the serum of baculovirus-infected silkworms when BmThymosin, ScSUMO, BmSUMO, GB1, or T7SET solubility tags were fused. The purified rLepA proteins were directly assayed in fish cells for the biological activity without cleavage of the fusion tags, revealing that the BmThymosin-fused protein exhibited comparable activity to that of tag-free LepA. Collectively, our findings provide a useful set of fusion tags designed to improve the secretion and solubility of proteins of interest when using the silkworm-baculovirus expression system.

虽然家蚕杆状病毒表达系统（BES）被认为是一种优秀的重组分泌蛋白表达系统，但一些重组蛋白难以大规模生产。其中一个原因是蛋白质结构本身不稳定，会发生蛋白质聚集。在本研究中，我们使用鲐鱼瘦素- a （cmLepA）作为模型蛋白，该蛋白已被证明可以诱导鱼类分泌促性腺激素，并检测了11种融合肽的作用，这些融合肽有望提高重组蛋白的溶解度。结果表明，融合BmThymosin、ScSUMO、BmSUMO、GB1或T7SET溶解度标签后，杆状病毒感染的家蚕血清中重组LepA （rLepA）的可溶性分泌水平显著升高。在不切割融合标签的情况下，直接在鱼细胞中检测纯化的rLepA蛋白的生物活性，结果表明bmthymosin融合蛋白与无标签的LepA具有相当的活性。总的来说，我们的发现提供了一套有用的融合标签，用于在使用家蚕-杆状病毒表达系统时改善感兴趣蛋白的分泌和溶解度。

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引用次数: 0

The first cixiid planthopper (Fulgoromorpha: Cixiidae) from Lower Cretaceous Jinju Formation (Republic of Korea) 韩国下白垩世晋州组第一种慈禧飞虱（狐形目：慈禧科）

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102472

Mathieu Boderau , Gi-Soo Nam , Corentin Jouault , André Nel

A new extinct genus and species of Cixiidae are described as Jinjucixius fui gen. et sp. nov. from the Lower Cretaceous of Jinju Formation (Republic of Korea). This new taxon is one of the earliest representatives of Cixiidae and extends the fossil record of the family to this outcrop, being the first Fulgoromorpha described from this formation. The description of this new taxon allowed us to discuss the phylogenetic relationships between cixiid lineages.

报道了韩国晋州组下白垩世晋州组的晋州属（Jinjucixius fui gen. et sp. 11 .）一新灭绝属和种。这一新分类单元是最早的刺尾科代表之一，并将该科的化石记录扩展到该露头，是该地层中描述的第一个富goromorpha。这一新分类群的描述使我们能够讨论水蛭系之间的系统发育关系。

引用次数: 0

Evaluating the feasibility of ethyl formate fumigation as a stand-alone phytosanitary treatment of Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae) in mandarin fruit 评价甲酸乙酯熏蒸单独处理桔小实蝇（双翅目：绢蝇科）的可行性

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102466

Tae‐Hyung Kwon , Dongbin Kim , Kyeongnam Kim , Gwang-Hyun Roh , Bong-Su Kim , Sung-Eun Lee , Jia-Wei Tay , Byung-Ho Lee , Dong H. Cha

Oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis, is one of the most destructive quarantine pests of fruits and vegetables, with increasing incursions reported worldwide. During a B. dorsalis outbreak, all fruits and potential host materials within the quarantine area are destroyed to prevent further spread. As a first step toward developing an emergency treatment to allow fruit movement from a B. dorsalis quarantine area, we evaluated the feasibility of using ethyl formate (EF) fumigation as a stand-alone phytosanitary treatment against B. dorsalis. In EF efficacy trials with B. dorsalis eggs and larvae in the absence of fruit (naked conditions), eggs were the most tolerant life stage, with LCt₉₉ values—lethal concentration × time products that cause 99 % mortality—of 716.9 and 1,271.0 g h/m³ at 20 and 4 °C, respectively, followed by first and third instar larvae. When B. dorsalis were artificially inoculated into mandarin fruit, significantly greater EF doses were necessary to control B. dorsalis inside fruit, with the LCt₉₉ values for eggs increased to 1,606.0 and 1,761.0 at 20 and 4 °C, respectively. Although these calculated EF doses were effective against B. dorsalis, they caused significant damage to quality of mandarins, including reduced sugar content and increased fruit decay. These findings indicate that EF fumigation alone is not a feasible stand-alone treatment for disinfesting B. dorsalis in mandarins. We discuss future research directions aimed at maintaining treatment efficacy while minimizing fruit damage by combining EF fumigation with other phytosanitary treatments.

桔小实蝇（Bactrocera dorsalis）是最具破坏性的水果和蔬菜检疫性害虫之一，在世界范围内的入侵越来越多。在桃芽孢杆菌暴发期间，应销毁隔离区内的所有水果和潜在宿主材料，以防止进一步传播。作为开发一种紧急处理方法的第一步，我们评估了使用甲酸乙酯（EF）熏蒸作为一种独立的植物检疫处理方法的可行性。在无果条件下（裸条件下）对桔色白僵虫卵和幼虫的EF药效试验中，卵是最耐受的生命阶段，在20°C和4°C条件下，LCt99值（致死浓度×致死率为99%的时间产物）分别为716.9和1271.0 g h/m3，其次是1龄和3龄幼虫。在柑桔果实中人工接种红僵菌时，对果内红僵菌的控制需要更大的EF剂量，在20°C和4°C时，虫卵的LCt99值分别增加到1,606.0和1,761.0。虽然这些计算出的EF剂量对桔芽孢杆菌有效，但它们对柑橘的质量造成了严重损害，包括糖含量降低和果实腐烂增加。这些结果表明，单纯的EF熏蒸不是一种可行的单独处理柑橘桔色双歧杆菌的方法。我们讨论了未来的研究方向，旨在通过将EF熏蒸与其他植物检疫处理相结合，在保持处理效果的同时最大限度地减少对果实的损害。

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引用次数: 0

Ribavirin showed insect growth regulator activity to Helicoverpa armigera 利巴韦林对棉铃虫具有昆虫生长调节剂活性

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102457

Li Xu , Yin Huang , Zezheng Liu , Qi Zuo , Minghui Long , Yichen Fu , Runqiang Liu , Yunchao Kan , Dongzhi Li

Ribavirin is a nucleoside analog used to control virus disease clinically. In this study, toxicity determination, transcriptome analysis and ELISA were employed to explore its toxicity and potential mechanism on Helicoverpa armigera larvae. Results suggested that ribavirin showed stomach toxicity to H. armigera, but low contact toxicity. Chemicals 1,2,4-triazole and 1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide showed low stomach toxicity to H. armigera, indicating 1,2,4-triazole and furanose were both the key chemical structure to ensure the larvicidal activity of ribavirin. Transcriptome and qRT-PCR results validated that ribavirin treatment inhibited the expression of genes in chitin biosynthesis, lipid biosynthesis and cuticle protein genes. Ribavirin treatment also decreased the Juvenile Hormone (JH) titer, but showed no influence to ecdysone titer. These results indicated that ribavirin treatment inhibited JH biosynthesis and interfered new cuticle formation, which resulted to the failure of H. armigera larvae molting and normal pupation. These results provided a novel lead compound for IGR development to control H. armigera.

利巴韦林是临床上用于控制病毒病的核苷类似物。本研究采用毒力测定、转录组分析和酶联免疫吸附试验，探讨其对棉铃虫幼虫的毒力及其潜在机制。结果表明，利巴韦林对棉铃虫有胃毒性，但接触毒性较低。化学成分1,2,4-三唑和1,2,4-三唑-3-羧酰胺对棉铃虫的胃毒性较低，说明1,2,4-三唑和呋喃糖都是保证利巴韦林杀幼虫活性的关键化学结构。转录组和qRT-PCR结果证实，利巴韦林抑制了几丁质生物合成、脂质生物合成和角质层蛋白基因的表达。利巴韦林治疗也降低了少年激素（JH）滴度，但对脱皮激素滴度没有影响。这些结果表明，利巴韦林抑制了JH的生物合成，干扰了新角质层的形成，导致棉铃虫幼虫无法正常蜕皮和化蛹。这些结果为IGR的开发提供了一种新的先导化合物。

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引用次数: 0

Hyperthermia-induced transcriptome remodeling impairs embryo viability in Bombyx mori 高温诱导的转录组重塑损害家蚕胚胎的生存能力

IF 1.1 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102431

Ying Li , Zhenbo Sun , Xinlei Liu , Qiong Yang , Yang Xiao , Qingrong Li , Weilong Zhang , Jianping Duan , Dongxu Xing

Acid treatment at an appropriate temperature can simultaneously prevent egg diapause and microsporidian transmission in sericulture. However, the transcriptional features associated with excessive thermal stress in the eggs of Bombyx mori remain unclear, which limits further studies on this dual-purpose treatment. Here, we comparatively analyzed the effects of two temperatures and proposed that 47.5°C (T1) and 48.5°C (T2) represent threshold and extreme temperatures for diapause termination, respectively. Furthermore, the full-length (FL) transcriptome was used to produce 49,444 high-confidence transcripts, including 1,571 long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Comprehensive transcriptome analysis showed that 274 downregulated and 255 upregulated genes were identified in the T2 treatment relative to the T1 counterpart, including 82 differentially expressed transcription factor genes. Noticeably, 23 downregulated Homeobox genes and 5 upregulated bHLH genes were detected. Six lncRNAs were differentially expressed between the T2 and T1 treatments. Functional enrichment analysis showed that the downregulated genes were significantly enriched in gene expression regulation and carbohydrate and important amino acid metabolism. However, upregulated genes were mainly involved in the pathways closely related to heat shock proteins (HSPs), indicating their conserved functions in stress responses and molecular chaperones. This study provides comprehensive insights on the genes expressed in B. mori eggs exposed to extreme thermal stress and provides a valuable resource for in-depth investigations of the response of embryos to excessive thermal stress and the balance between effective pathogen control and maintenance of embryo viability in silkworm.

适当温度下的酸处理可以同时防止蚕卵滞育和微孢子虫的传播。然而，家蚕卵中与过度热应激相关的转录特征尚不清楚，这限制了对这种双重目的处理的进一步研究。本文对比分析了两种温度对滞育终止的影响，提出47.5°C （T1）和48.5°C （T2）分别代表滞育终止的阈值和极端温度。此外，全长（FL）转录组被用于产生49,444个高置信度转录本，包括1,571个长链非编码rna （lncRNAs）。综合转录组分析显示，相对于T1处理，T2处理中有274个基因下调，255个基因上调，其中转录因子差异表达基因82个。值得注意的是，有23个Homeobox基因下调，5个bHLH基因上调。6个lncrna在T2和T1处理之间存在差异表达。功能富集分析表明，下调基因在基因表达调控和碳水化合物及重要氨基酸代谢方面显著富集。然而，上调的基因主要参与与热休克蛋白（HSPs）密切相关的通路，表明其在应激反应和分子伴侣中的保守功能。本研究全面揭示了极端热胁迫下家蚕卵的基因表达，为深入研究家蚕胚胎对过度热胁迫的反应以及有效控制病原菌与维持胚胎活力之间的平衡提供了宝贵的资源。

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引用次数: 0

Molecular detection of Trypanosoma evansi and Theileria/Babesia sp. in Tabanus spp. populations (Diptera: Tabanidae) from Nueva Ecija, Philippines 菲律宾新埃西亚岛虻虻种群中伊文氏锥虫和巴贝斯虫/伊氏伊勒菌的分子检测(双翅目：虻科

IF 1.1 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102439

Frances Paula L. Miaral , Keisuke Suganuma , Claro N. Mingala , Jose Ma M. Angeles , Derick Erl P. Sumalapao , Thaddeus M. Carvajal , Adrian Miki C. Macalanda , Cristian C. Lucañas , Maria Angenica F. Regilme , Gabriel Alexis S. Tubalinal , Maria Luz B. Belleza , Arlene G. Bertuso

Hematophagous flies of the family Tabanidae (Order Diptera) are important nuisance pests and vectors of several diseases in both animals and humans. In this study, the potential role of tabanids in the transmission of protozoans such as Babesia sp., Theileria sp. and Trypanosoma evansi was determined. Nzi traps were installed near backyard farms in Brgy. Catalanacan, Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines from May to June 2023 for the collection of tabanids. The species, relative abundance, and density of the collected tabanids were recorded. While the occurrence of Tr. evansi (n = 383) and Theileria/Babesia sp. (n = 382) in the dissected proboscis of tabanids were determined using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The presence of human blood among the samples that were positive for Tr. evansi and Theileria/Babesia sp. was also determined as an indicator of potential human exposure to the protozoans. A total of 4,317 tabanids were collected belonging to Tabanus partitus (99.95 %, 4,315/4,317) and Ta. reducens (0.05 %, 2/4,317). Using conventional PCR, the occurrences for Tr. evansi and Theileria/Babesia sp. were 47.26 % (181/383) and 31.15 % (119/382) in Ta. partitus, respectively, while both were detected in 6.01 % (23/383) of the proboscis. Twelve samples that were positive for Theileria/Babesia sp. were subjected to sequencing and were found to belong to the genus Theileria. About 18.41 % (51/277) of the samples positive for either or both protozoans have detectable human blood, indicating that humans have been bitten by tabanids in the study area, thus demonstrating the risk of exposure to hemoprotozoan-carrying tabanids.

吸血蝇属虻科（双翅目），是危害动物和人类健康的重要害虫和多种疾病的传播媒介。本研究确定了虻在巴贝斯虫、伊氏伊勒氏虫和伊氏锥虫等原生动物传播中的潜在作用。在Brgy的后院农场附近安装了Nzi陷阱。Catalanacan，科学城Muñoz， Nueva Ecija，菲律宾，从2023年5月到6月收集tabanids。记录了收集到的虻的种类、相对丰度和密度。采用聚合酶链反应（PCR）法检测虻解剖喙中伊文氏杆菌（n = 383）和伊氏杆菌/巴贝斯虫（n = 382）的发生情况。在伊文氏杆菌和伊氏杆菌/巴贝斯虫呈阳性的样本中，也确定存在人血，作为人类可能暴露于原虫的指标。共捕获虻4317只，分属小虻（99.95%,4315 / 4317）和小虻（99.95%,4315 / 4317）。减少（0.05%,2/4,317）。常规PCR检测结果显示，该地区伊文氏杆菌和巴贝斯氏伊勒氏菌感染率分别为47.26%（181/383）和31.15%（119/382）。在6.01%（23/383）的长鼻中检测到这两种情况。对12份阳性标本进行测序，鉴定为泰利菌属。在其中一种或两种原虫阳性的样本中，约有18.41%（51/277）可检出人血，表明研究地区曾有人被tabanids叮咬，从而表明存在暴露于携带血液原虫的tabanids的风险。

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