Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology最新文献_第7页

Diapause determination in Osmia cornifrons based on oxygen consumption 基于耗氧量的玉米荚滞育测定

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-08-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102461

Hyung Joo Yoon , Kyeong Yong Lee , Hye Kyung Kim , Bo Yeon Kim , Kwang Sik Lee , Byung Rae Jin

Osmia cornifrons mason bees are important pollinators of fruit trees. Diapause treatment is essential for their year-round breeding. We measured oxygen consumption and awakening in O. cornifrons to identify a biomarker for evaluating diapause termination. In O. cornifrons, oxygen consumption increased with the duration of the chilling period and was 1.4–1.8-fold higher in male cocoons than that in female cocoons. Oxygen consumption in O. cornifrons cocoons did not differ significantly among chilling temperatures (0 °C, 2.5 °C, 5 °C, 7.5 °C, and 10 °C); however, regression analysis of oxygen uptake values between 0–5 °C and 7.5–10 °C in male and female cocoons revealed a significant second-order relationship. Oxygen uptake was higher at 7.5–10 °C than that at 0–5 °C during the same chilling periods. Cocoons kept at 7.5–10 °C also exhibited earlier emergence than those kept at 0–5 °C. The average respiration rate of newly awakened adults was 1,400.4 and 4,011.2 µL/mg body weight/h in females and males, respectively, representing a 2.9-fold higher rate in males. Respiratory rate increased with the number of days after emergence. Accordingly, we developed a method using a biorespirometer to quantitatively assess the degree of dormancy and awakening, which has implications for the essential dormancy treatment for year-round breeding of mason bees.

石蜂是果树重要的传粉者。滞育处理对它们全年的繁殖至关重要。我们测量了O. cornifrons的氧气消耗和觉醒，以确定评估滞育终止的生物标志物。玉米茧的耗氧量随冷藏时间的延长而增加，雄茧的耗氧量是雌茧的1.4 ~ 1.8倍。不同冷却温度（0°C、2.5°C、5°C、7.5°C和10°C）下，玉米茧的耗氧量差异不显著；在0-5°C和7.5-10°C之间，雌雄茧的吸氧值的回归分析显示了显著的二阶关系。在相同的冷却时间内，7.5 ~ 10℃的摄氧量高于0 ~ 5℃的摄氧量。在7.5-10°C保存的茧比在0-5°C保存的茧更早羽化。新醒成人的平均呼吸速率，女性和男性分别为140.4µL/mg体重/h和4011.2µL/mg体重/h，男性高2.9倍。呼吸频率随出血性天数的增加而增加。因此，我们开发了一种使用生物呼吸计定量评估休眠和觉醒程度的方法，这对泥瓦蜂全年繁殖的基本休眠处理具有重要意义。

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引用次数: 0

Comparative study of solubilization tags to improve protein secretion in a baculovirus expression system 增溶标签改善杆状病毒表达系统蛋白分泌的比较研究

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-08-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102456

Yin Zhang , Hiroaki Mon , Jae Man Lee , Jian Xu , Kyle Dominic Barnuevo , Tapas Chakraborty , Kohei Ohta , Michiya Matsuyama , Takahiro Kusakabe

Although the silkworm-baculovirus expression system (BES) is known as an excellent recombinant secreted protein expression system, some recombinant proteins are difficult to mass produce. One reason for this is that the protein structure itself is unstable and protein aggregation occurs. In this study, we used the chub mackerel leptin-A (cmLepA), a protein that has been shown to induce gonadotropin secretion in fish, as a model protein and examined the effects of eleven fusion peptides that are expected to enhance the solubility of recombinant proteins. Our results showed that soluble secretion levels of the recombinant LepA (rLepA) were significantly increased in the serum of baculovirus-infected silkworms when BmThymosin, ScSUMO, BmSUMO, GB1, or T7SET solubility tags were fused. The purified rLepA proteins were directly assayed in fish cells for the biological activity without cleavage of the fusion tags, revealing that the BmThymosin-fused protein exhibited comparable activity to that of tag-free LepA. Collectively, our findings provide a useful set of fusion tags designed to improve the secretion and solubility of proteins of interest when using the silkworm-baculovirus expression system.

虽然家蚕杆状病毒表达系统（BES）被认为是一种优秀的重组分泌蛋白表达系统，但一些重组蛋白难以大规模生产。其中一个原因是蛋白质结构本身不稳定，会发生蛋白质聚集。在本研究中，我们使用鲐鱼瘦素- a （cmLepA）作为模型蛋白，该蛋白已被证明可以诱导鱼类分泌促性腺激素，并检测了11种融合肽的作用，这些融合肽有望提高重组蛋白的溶解度。结果表明，融合BmThymosin、ScSUMO、BmSUMO、GB1或T7SET溶解度标签后，杆状病毒感染的家蚕血清中重组LepA （rLepA）的可溶性分泌水平显著升高。在不切割融合标签的情况下，直接在鱼细胞中检测纯化的rLepA蛋白的生物活性，结果表明bmthymosin融合蛋白与无标签的LepA具有相当的活性。总的来说，我们的发现提供了一套有用的融合标签，用于在使用家蚕-杆状病毒表达系统时改善感兴趣蛋白的分泌和溶解度。

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引用次数: 0

Ascovirus suppresses feeding and growth in Spodoptera litura larvae by targeting the neuropeptide F Ascovirus以神经肽F为靶点抑制斜纹夜蛾幼虫的摄食和生长

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-08-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102458

Wei Lin , Yanjun Gao , Qiaodi Wang , Zhengkun Xiao , Guo-Hua Huang

Ascoviruses, a family of large, double-stranded circular DNA viruses, exhibit high host specificity and pathogenicity, suggesting their significant potential in biocontrol. A hallmark characteristic of ascovirus infection in larvae is reduced feeding and retarded growth. However, the mechanisms by which ascoviruses regulate these effects remain largely unknown. Given their crucial role in regulating larval feeding, insect neuropeptides have attracted our attention in the context of ascovirus infection. During HvAV-3h infection in S. litura, the expression levels of neuropeptide F (NPF), including NPF1 and NPF2, which are integral to feeding regulation, were significantly reduced. HvAV-3h infection impaired NPF regulation in larvae, leading to reduced food intake and larval weight gain across different physiological states. Concurrently, significant up-regulation of the NPF receptor (NPFR) was observed in the head tissue. The observed dysregulation of the NPF/NPFR signaling pathway was associated with elevated juvenile hormone (JH) titers. In contrast, the expression levels of short neuropeptide F (sNPF) and the molting hormone ecdysone remained unchanged. Moreover, histopathological analysis of the midgut revealed no epithelial cell damage. Furthermore, RNA interference of NPF1 or NPF2 significantly increased the expression of NPFR and juvenile hormone acid O-methyltransferase (JHAMT), and tended to further reduce food intake and weight gain, which consequently increased the mortality during HvAV-3h infection. HvAV-3h infection disrupts the NPF/NPFR signaling pathway in S. litura larvae, subsequently elevating JH titers, ultimately leading to reduced food intake and larval weight gain. This study enhances our understanding of the interaction between HvAV-3h and its host, and provides a theoretical basis for the development of innovative pest management strategies.

子囊病毒是一类大型双链环状DNA病毒，具有较高的宿主特异性和致病性，在生物防治方面具有重要潜力。子囊病毒感染幼虫的一个显著特征是摄食减少和生长迟缓。然而，ascov调节这些作用的机制在很大程度上仍然未知。鉴于其在调节幼虫摄食中的关键作用，昆虫神经肽在子囊病毒感染的背景下引起了我们的注意。HvAV-3h感染斜纹海棠时，神经肽F （NPF）的表达水平显著降低，包括NPF1和NPF2， NPF1和NPF2是摄食调节不可或缺的组成部分。HvAV-3h感染破坏了幼虫对NPF的调节，导致不同生理状态下的摄食减少和幼虫体重增加。同时，在头部组织中观察到NPF受体（NPFR）显著上调。观察到的NPF/NPFR信号通路失调与幼体激素（JH）滴度升高有关。短神经肽F （sNPF）和蜕皮激素（ecdysone）的表达水平保持不变。此外，中肠的组织病理学分析显示没有上皮细胞损伤。此外，NPF1或NPF2的RNA干扰显著增加了NPFR和幼年激素酸o -甲基转移酶（JHAMT）的表达，并有进一步减少食物摄入量和体重增加的趋势，从而增加了HvAV-3h感染期间的死亡率。HvAV-3h感染破坏斜纹夜蛾幼虫的NPF/NPFR信号通路，随后升高JH滴度，最终导致摄食减少和幼虫体重增加。本研究增强了我们对HvAV-3h与其宿主相互作用的认识，并为创新害虫防治策略的制定提供了理论基础。

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引用次数: 0

Integrated bio-based approaches for suppressing root-knot nematodes and enhancing grapevine performance in sandy soils 沙质土壤中抑制根结线虫和提高葡萄产量的综合生物方法

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-08-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102454

Ramadan M. El–Ashry , Osama M.M. Kheder , Mohamed A.S. Ali , Fatemah AlMalki , Eman Kelabi , Mohammed Al-Shehri , Mahmoud Moustafa , Ahmed M.A. El-Deeb , Abdelhadi A.I. Ali

Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Prime) cultivation in sandy soils of Egypt faces serious challenges due to infestations by root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne incognita), which reduce yield and vine vigor. This study aimed to develop a sustainable management strategy using composted animal manures (CAMs) derived from poultry, cow, and sheep sources, along with plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), including Pseudomonas spp. and Serratia spp. Laboratory assays confirmed the strong nematicidal activity of both bacterial strains, demonstrating pronounced ovicidal and juvenile-lethal effects against M. incognita. While greenhouse and field trials demonstrated their efficacy in reducing nematode reproduction, root galling, and egg mass formation. Moreover, the combined application of CAMs and PGPR not only enhanced plant growth and grapevine productivity but also promoted beneficial free-living nematodes (FLNs), such as Rhabditis spp., and predatory nematodes (PNs), including Mononchus spp., contributing to improved soil health and ecological balance. These findings support the integration of organic amendments and rhizobacteria as an eco-friendly and effective alternative to synthetic nematicides in nematode-infested vineyards.

葡萄藤（Vitis vinifera L.）由于根结线虫（Meloidogyne incognita）的侵扰，埃及沙质土壤的主要栽培面临着严重的挑战，这降低了产量和葡萄活力。本研究旨在开发一种可持续的管理策略，利用来自家禽、奶牛和绵羊的堆肥动物粪便（CAMs），以及促进植物生长的根瘤菌（PGPR），包括假单胞菌和沙雷氏菌。实验室分析证实了这两种细菌菌株的强杀线虫活性，显示出对M. incognita的明显的杀卵和致死幼虫作用。而温室和田间试验证明了它们在减少线虫繁殖、根刺痛和卵团形成方面的功效。此外，CAMs和PGPR的联合应用不仅促进了植物生长和葡萄产量，而且促进了有益的自由生活线虫（FLNs），如Rhabditis spp.和掠食性线虫（PNs），包括Mononchus spp.，有助于改善土壤健康和生态平衡。这些发现支持有机改良剂和根瘤菌的结合作为一种生态友好和有效的替代合成杀线虫剂在线虫肆虐的葡萄园。

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引用次数: 0

Camelliasaponins A1 and A2 extracted from camellia (Camellia japonica var. japonica) seeds are key antifeedant compounds against the larvae of diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella L.) 从山茶种子中提取的茶花皂苷A1和A2是对小菜蛾幼虫的主要拒食化合物。

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-08-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102453

Ka Hee Cho , Ye Seon Won , Jeong-Yong Cho , Young Cheol Kim

Plutella xylostella (diamondback moth) is a major pest of cruciferous crops, causing substantial global economic losses. Therefore, this study aims to isolate natural antifeedant compounds from Camellia japonica seeds and evaluate their bioactivity against third-instar larvae of P. xylostella. Among the tested plant extracts, the ethanolic extract of C. japonica seeds exhibited strong antifeedant activity, with a 50 % antifeedant concentration (AFC₅₀) of 128 ppm. LC-MS/MS analysis of the extract identified major constituents, including disaccharides (17 %), kaempferol glycosides (12 %), camelliasaponin A1 (10 %), camelliasaponin A2 (11 %), and other triterpenoid glycosides. Subsequent medium-pressure liquid chromatography (MPLC) fractionation of the extract produced five fractions, one of which showed antifeedant activity at 125.0 ppm. This active fraction contained high levels of camelliasaponins A1 (5,031 ± 286 ppm) and A2 (6,053 ± 185 ppm). Authentic camelliasaponin A1 and A2 also showed potent antifeedant activity against P. xylostella larvae, with AFC₅₀ values of 5.4 ppm and 3.6 ppm, respectively—both lower than that of neem-derived Azadirachtin (AFC₅₀ = 12.4 ppm). These findings confirm that camelliasaponins A1 and A2 are the principal active antifeedant constituents in C. japonica seed extracts. Overall, the findings highlight the potential of camellia seed extracts for development into environmentally friendly formulations for integrated pest management targeting lepidopteran larvae.

小菜蛾（小菜蛾）是十字花科作物的主要害虫，给全球造成了巨大的经济损失。因此，本研究旨在从山茶种子中分离出天然的拒食化合物，并评价其对小菜蛾3龄幼虫的生物活性。在被试植物提取物中，粳稻种子乙醇提取物具有较强的拒食活性，50%拒食浓度（AFC50）为128 ppm。通过LC-MS/MS分析，确定了该提取物的主要成分，包括双糖（17%）、山奈酚苷（12%）、茶花皂苷A1（10%）、茶花皂苷A2（11%）和其他三萜苷。随后的中压液相色谱（MPLC）对提取物进行分离，得到5个部分，其中一个部分在125.0 ppm时显示出拒食活性。该活性组分含有高水平的茶花皂苷A1（5,031±286 ppm）和A2（6,053±185 ppm）。原产茶花皂苷A1和A2对小菜蛾幼虫也表现出较强的拒食活性，其AFC50值分别为5.4 ppm和3.6 ppm，均低于印楝素（AFC50 = 12.4 ppm）。这些结果证实了茶花皂苷A1和A2是粳稻种子提取物中主要的抗食性活性成分。总的来说，这些发现突出了山茶籽提取物开发成针对鳞翅目幼虫的环境友好型害虫综合治理制剂的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Toxicity of the essential oils of Eugenia uniflora and Pogostemon cablin on field bees of Africanized Apis mellifera L., 1758 (Hymenoptera: Apidae) 单花尤金花和广藿香精油对非洲化蜜蜂的毒性研究（膜翅目：蜂科）

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-08-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102452

Elizabete Artus Berte , Cristiane Lurdes Paloschi , Fernanda Raulino Domanski , Edgar de Souza Vismara , Erivelto Folhato Tolfo , Leticia da Silva Ribeiro , Natália Ramos Mertz , Vitória Alves Pereira , Silvane Zancanaro de Oliveira , Raiza Abati , Fabiana Martins Costa , Everton Ricardi Lozano da Silva , Michele Potrich

Africanized honey bee Apis mellifera is a social insect that plays a vital role in agriculture and the economy through pollination, an essential ecosystem service, and the production of several bee products. However, the sharp decline in honey bee colonies, often associated with Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD), especially due to the indiscriminate use of pesticides, represents a significant threat to ecosystems and global food security. Among the alternatives under investigation to replace synthetic pesticides, essential oils or botanical insecticides stand out, although the effects on A. mellifera remain poorly understood and require further studies. This study evaluated the toxicity of essential oils from Eugenia uniflora and Pogostemon cablin on forager bees of known age (K) and unknown age (U). Three bioassays were conducted at a concentration of 0.75 % (v/v): (1) direct contact on treated surfaces; (2) spraying on bees; (3) Ingestion of food with essential oil; and analysis of flight behavior. Essential oils significantly reduced bee survival over 12 h, with more lethal effects in the group exposed to E. uniflora oil. They negatively affected flight behavior (vertical movement and recovery free fall). The toxic effects were evident regardless of honey bee age or exposure method, highlighting that although botanical insecticides are often considered safer alternatives to synthetic products, they can still pose substantial risks to pollinators. This study provides important information on pollinator conservation and may inform future regulations on botanical pesticides and guide safer integrated pest management (IPM) strategies, promoting a balance between pest control and biodiversity protection.

非洲蜜蜂是一种社会性昆虫，通过授粉、重要的生态系统服务和多种蜂产品的生产，在农业和经济中发挥着至关重要的作用。然而，蜂群的急剧减少，通常与蜂群衰竭失调（CCD）有关，特别是由于滥用杀虫剂，对生态系统和全球粮食安全构成重大威胁。在正在研究的替代合成农药的替代品中，精油或植物性杀虫剂脱颖而出，尽管对蜜蜂的影响仍然知之甚少，需要进一步研究。本研究评估了单叶Eugenia uniflora和广藿香cablin精油对已知年龄(K)和未知年龄(U)的觅食蜂的毒性。以0.75% （v/v）的浓度进行三次生物测定：(1)与处理表面直接接触；（二）对蜜蜂喷洒；(3)食用含有精油的食品；以及飞行行为的分析。精油显著降低了蜜蜂在12小时内的存活率，在暴露于单叶花精油的那一组中，有更致命的影响。它们对飞行行为（垂直运动和恢复自由落体）产生负面影响。无论蜜蜂的年龄或接触方法如何，毒性作用都是明显的，这突出表明，尽管植物杀虫剂通常被认为是比合成产品更安全的替代品，但它们仍可能对传粉媒介构成重大风险。该研究为传粉媒介保护提供了重要信息，可为今后植物性农药的监管提供参考，指导更安全的害虫综合治理（IPM）策略，促进害虫防治与生物多样性保护之间的平衡。

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引用次数: 0

Distribution and nest occupancy patterns of Oecophylla smaragdina (hymenoptera: formicidae) colonies in Southeast Asian oil palm plantations 东南亚油棕人工林中黄油棕（膜翅目：蚁科）蚁群分布及巢占模式

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-08-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102451

Moïse Pierre Exélis , Rosli Ramli , Azarae Hj Idris , Rabha W. Ibrahim , Gemma Maria Clemente-Orta , Camilo Ayra-Pardo , Muhamad Shirwan Abdullah Sani

The Asian weaver ant (Oecophylla smaragdina F.) is an effective natural predator of key pests affecting economically important crops across Southeast Asia. This study presents a large-scale assessment of its spatial distribution in oil palm plantations (200,000 ha surveys). Geographic coordinates and colony-level data were recorded to investigate spatial structure, the occupation pattern, nesting behaviour, and typology. To distinguish functional nest types (brood versus barracks), 26 samples were analysed using discriminant analysis (DA). The vertical positioning within the palm canopy emerged as a reliable visual indicator (nest morphology, internal content proved insufficient). Brood nests were located at heights averaging 8.0 ± 1.3 m (barracks ± 4.0 m). Colonies exhibited polydomous structure, forming irregular, interconnected spatial patches, with the first documented cases of monodomy observed in shorter palms. The antagonist ant species Odontoponera denticulata is suggested as a potential disruptor vector. Colony age, estimated from the number of nests and occupied palms, was modelled using negative binomial and Poisson distribution. Mature colonies occupied 10–12 palms within an area of 800–2500 m², separated by consistent ant-free buffer zones (∼20 m²). Colonisation progressed gradually, with colonies occupying an average of 3–4 palms per year, reaching maturity within 3–4 years. Poisson modelling predictive estimation of colony age based on nesting parameters shows a strong correlation. O. smaragdina colonies’ widespread, stable presence throughout oil palm landscapes underscores the species’ potential as a sustainable biological control agent against the invasive bagworm Metisa plana Walker (Lepidoptera: Psychidae), a major threat to oil palm yields.

亚洲织蚁（Oecophylla smaragdina F.）是影响东南亚重要经济作物的主要害虫的有效天然捕食者。本研究对其在油棕种植园的空间分布进行了大规模评估（200,000公顷调查）。记录地理坐标和种群水平数据，以调查空间结构、占领模式、筑巢行为和类型学。采用判别分析（DA）对26个样本进行了功能巢类型（育雏型和营房型）的分析。棕榈树冠内的垂直位置成为一个可靠的视觉指标（巢的形态和内部内容被证明是不够的）。育雏巢平均高度为8.0±1.3 m（营房±4.0 m）。群落表现为多妻制结构，形成不规则的、相互连接的空间斑块，在较短的手掌中首次观察到单妻制。拮抗物种齿齿牙虫被认为是潜在的干扰媒介。利用负二项分布和泊松分布对巢穴和被占领棕榈树的数量估计的种群年龄进行建模。成熟的蚁群在800-2500 m2的面积内占据了10-12个棕榈，由一致的无蚁缓冲区（~ 20 m2）隔开。殖民化过程逐渐进行，平均每年占据3-4个棕榈，在3-4年内达到成熟。基于筑巢参数的泊松模型预测估计群体年龄显示出很强的相关性。在油棕地广泛而稳定的存在强调了该物种作为一种可持续的生物防治剂的潜力，以对抗入侵的袋虫（鳞翅目：心理科），这是油棕产量的主要威胁。

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引用次数: 0

Detection of cotton pests using an enhanced deep learning model 使用增强型深度学习模型检测棉花害虫

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-07-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102450

Hanyu Jiang , Jiacheng Zhong , Cheng Wang

Pests in cotton fields significantly impact the normal growth and development of cotton plant, resulting in a decline in both quality and yield, subsequently affecting the productivity of farmers. In addressing the prevalent elongated structures found in insects, this study extends the YOLOv8n algorithm by introducing dynamic snake convolution. This addition facilitates efficient learning of the elongated features of cotton insects. Our algorithm achieved a F1-score value of 92.71 %, an mAP50 value of 97.50 %,an mAP50-95 value of 80.13 %.Additionally, we conducted comparative experiments with well-known object detection algorithms, including Efficientdet, Retinanet, SSD, YOLOv5, YOLOv8n, and YOLOv8s. The results demonstrate that our algorithm exhibits higher accuracy and precision.Furthermore, we evaluated our approach on additional publicly available insect datasets, revealing that our Snake-YOLO algorithm outperforms in detecting insects with elongated features.

棉田害虫严重影响棉花植株的正常生长发育，造成棉花品质和产量下降，进而影响农民的生产能力。为了解决昆虫中普遍存在的细长结构，本研究通过引入动态蛇卷积扩展了YOLOv8n算法。这有助于有效地学习棉科昆虫的细长特征。该算法的f1评分值为92.71%，mAP50值为97.50%，mAP50-95值为80.13%。此外，我们还与著名的目标检测算法（包括Efficientdet、Retinanet、SSD、YOLOv5、YOLOv8n和YOLOv8s）进行了对比实验。结果表明，该算法具有较高的准确度和精密度。此外，我们在其他公开可用的昆虫数据集上评估了我们的方法，结果表明我们的Snake-YOLO算法在检测具有细长特征的昆虫方面表现出色。

引用次数: 0

Chemical, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and cytotoxicity assessments of Apis mellifera intermissa venom collected in Northeast Algeria 阿尔及利亚东北部采集的美洲蜜蜂毒液的化学、抗氧化、抗炎、抗菌和细胞毒性评价

IF 1.1 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-07-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102449

Faouzi Dahdouh , Gizem Kursunluoglu , Amira Bourouba , Amina Bourouba , Mukerrem Betul Yerer , Houria Djebar-Berrebbah

This study characterized the venom of the Algerian honeybee, Apis mellifera intermissa, and evaluated its key biological activities. Biochemical analysis by High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis revealed that melittin, the main component of bee venom, constituted approximately 38 % of its dry weight. Sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) confirmed the presence of major components, including melittin (∼3–5 kDa), phospholipase A₂ (∼15–20 kDa), and hyaluronidase (∼44 kDa). The venom exhibited strong antioxidant activity, as demonstrated by Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assays. Potent, broad-spectrum antibacterial activity was observed against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella typhimurium, Enterococcus faecalis, and Acinetobacter baumannii, yielding low minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations (MIC/MBC). The anti-inflammatory potential was evidenced by the inhibition of bovine serum albumin (BSA) denaturation. Furthermore, the venom exhibited significant cytotoxicity against MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cell lines, with half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC₅₀) of 17.17 µg/mL and 11.90 µg/mL, respectively. These findings highlight venom as a rich source of bioactive compounds with multifaceted therapeutic potential for pharmacological development.

本研究对阿尔及利亚蜜蜂（Apis mellifera intermissa）的毒液进行了鉴定，并对其主要生物学活性进行了评价。高效液相色谱（HPLC）生化分析表明，蜂毒的主要成分蜂毒素约占其干重的38%。十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（SDS-PAGE）证实了主要成分的存在，包括蜂毒素（~ 3-5 kDa）、磷脂酶A2 （~ 15-20 kDa）和透明质酸酶（~ 44 kDa）。通过铁还原抗氧化能力（FRAP）和2,2-二苯基-1-吡啶肼基（DPPH）自由基清除实验证明，该毒液具有较强的抗氧化活性。对铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、鼠伤寒沙门菌、粪肠球菌和鲍曼不动杆菌具有广谱抗菌活性，且最低抑菌浓度（MIC/MBC）较低。抑制牛血清白蛋白（BSA）变性证明了其抗炎潜能。此外，该毒液对MCF-7和MDA-MB-231人乳腺癌细胞系表现出显著的细胞毒性，半数最大抑制浓度（IC50）分别为17.17µg/mL和11.90µg/mL。这些发现突出了毒液作为生物活性化合物的丰富来源，具有多方面的药理学治疗潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Individual and combined efficacy of zeolite and spinetoram for controlling Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) (Bostrichidae: Coleoptera); impact of temperature, relative humidity and grain types 沸石与棘菌灵单独及联合防治灰蛾的效果研究温度、相对湿度和谷物类型的影响

IF 1.1 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-07-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102448

Rameesha Amjad Ali , Mansoor-ul-Hasan , Eman Fayad , Seham Sater Alhelaify , Saqer S. Alotaibi , Anam Moosa , Faisal Zulfiqar

Laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate the insecticidal potential of zeolite (ZeoFeed) and spinetoram alone and in combination against the adults of lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) (Bostrichidae: Coleoptera). Bioassays were carried out at 15, 25, and 35 °C and 55 and 75 % relative humidity (R.H.) on wheat, rice, and maize. Efficacy of zeolite was determined at 2500, 500, and 700 ppm in first bioassay, followed by efficacy of spinetoram at 0.25, 0.50 and 1 ppm in second bioassay, and combined effectiveness of zeolite and spinetoram at 750 and 1 ppm doses in third bioassay. Adult mortality in all bioassays was recorded 1-, 3-, 7- and 14-days post-exposure. Results showed that mortality was positively related with dose and exposure interval. More insects died with increasing temperature and decreasing R.H. Wheat was more susceptible followed by rice and maize. Mortality was more in combined treatments (750 ppm + 1 ppm) with complete control of insects at 35 °C + 55 % R.H., 14 days of post-exposure in all tested commodities. This is the first report on the use of zeolite combined with insecticide to combat R. dominica under these conditions. The study suggests that zeolite in combination with spinetoram can effectively protect grains from this species, considering factors such as temperature and relative humidity.

采用室内试验研究了沸石（ZeoFeed）和spinetoram单独及联合对小纹螟（Rhyzopertha dominica， F.）成虫的杀虫效果。在15、25和35°C、55和75%相对湿度（R.H.）条件下对小麦、水稻和玉米进行生物测定。在第一次生物试验中测定了沸石在2500、500和700 ppm浓度下的有效性，随后测定了spinetoram在0.25、0.50和1 ppm浓度下的有效性，并在第三次生物试验中测定了沸石和spinetoram在750和1 ppm剂量下的联合有效性。在所有生物测定中，记录接触后1、3、7和14天的成人死亡率。结果表明，死亡率与剂量和照射间隔呈正相关。随着温度的升高和相对湿度的降低，昆虫的死亡率增加，小麦的易感程度最高，其次是水稻和玉米。综合处理（750ppm + 1ppm）与在35°C + 55%相对湿度下完全控制昆虫，在所有测试商品暴露后14天，死亡率更高。这是首次报道在这种条件下使用沸石与杀虫剂联合防治多米尼克白蝇。该研究表明，考虑到温度和相对湿度等因素，沸石与spinetoram结合可以有效地保护谷物免受该物种的侵害。

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引用次数: 0