Pub Date : 2023-05-11DOI: 10.24126/jobrc.2023.17.1.693
S. R. Al-Badri, N. M. Al-Janabi
Back ground: Rice bran is an industrial waste resulting from the grain milling process. Consisting of husk, aleurone, and fractions. It contains many nutrients, including soluble and insoluble fiber, vitamins, minerals, fats, proteins, and phytochemicals such as Ɣ-oryzanol, tocopherols, tocotrienols and tricin which has health-beneficial properties. Objective: The aim of research to estimate antioxidant activity of the aqueous extract of rice bran of the commercial jasmine variety and the tricin compound purified from it, by the method of nitric oxide suppression activity and the effectiveness of inhibiting lipid peroxidation, and the effect of the temperatures (63, 72,72, 85,100, 121,121, and 138) Co and the pH (4, 5, 6, 7, 8) in the activity. Materials and methods: Samples of rice bran of the commercial jasmine variety were collected from Al-Tahbeesh sites in Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf for the year (2021). The aqueous extract was prepared using the maceration in boiling distilled water with a temperature of 70 C°, and the crystals of tricin were isolated by using a silica gel column (60) and solvents recovery n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol, respectively. This process resulted in nine parts (A-I) of the ethyl acetate solvent, concentrated in a rotary evaporator and left in the refrigerator 48 hours with the addition of chloroform to it. Needle-shaped yellow crystals were obtained, which were used to estimate antioxidant activity. Results: The effectiveness of purified tricin as an ability to inhibit nitric oxide was higher than that of the aqueous extract of rice bran and ascorbic acid at percentages of (97.82, 72.99 and 77.20)% respectively at a concentration of 400 µg / ml, the highest concentration used, also tricin was superior in inhibiting lipid peroxidation of 98.31% over the aqueous extract of rice bran of the commercial jasmine variety 81.28% and ascorbic acid 93.10 at the same concentration, purified tricin showed stability towards temperatures at times (30 min, 15 sec, 30 min, 1 min, 30 min, 5 min, 15 min and 2 sec) higher than that of the aqueous extract in both methods, as the effectiveness ratios of tricin by nitric oxide suppression method reached (64.25, 53.87, 42.78, 47.44, 38.48, 45.74 , 39.04 and 36.13)% respectively, and by the lipid peroxide suppression method (90.73, 85.06, 63.32, 77.50, 32.27, 76.65, 35.06 and 25.30) % respectively, the two methods of effectiveness were used to estimate the stability of the aqueous extract of rice bran and the tricin towards different pH. The effectiveness of tricin was higher than the aqueous extract of rice bran at all tested numbers, and the highest effectiveness of tricin at pH (pH7) with the method of inhibiting nitric oxide and inhibiting lipid peroxidation was (46.56 and 90.92)% respectively. Conclusion: purified tricin higher antioxidant activity than the aqueous extract using both methods, and showed higher stability towards changes in temperature and during different time pe
{"title":"Lipid Peroxidation and Nitric Oxide Scavenging Activity of the tricin extracted from rice bran","authors":"S. R. Al-Badri, N. M. Al-Janabi","doi":"10.24126/jobrc.2023.17.1.693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24126/jobrc.2023.17.1.693","url":null,"abstract":"Back ground: Rice bran is an industrial waste resulting from the grain milling process. Consisting of husk, aleurone, and fractions. It contains many nutrients, including soluble and insoluble fiber, vitamins, minerals, fats, proteins, and phytochemicals such as Ɣ-oryzanol, tocopherols, tocotrienols and tricin which has health-beneficial properties. \u0000Objective: The aim of research to estimate antioxidant activity of the aqueous extract of rice bran of the commercial jasmine variety and the tricin compound purified from it, by the method of nitric oxide suppression activity and the effectiveness of inhibiting lipid peroxidation, and the effect of the temperatures (63, 72,72, 85,100, 121,121, and 138) Co and the pH (4, 5, 6, 7, 8) in the activity. \u0000Materials and methods: Samples of rice bran of the commercial jasmine variety were collected from Al-Tahbeesh sites in Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf for the year (2021). The aqueous extract was prepared using the maceration in boiling distilled water with a temperature of 70 C°, and the crystals of tricin were isolated by using a silica gel column (60) and solvents recovery n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol, respectively. This process resulted in nine parts (A-I) of the ethyl acetate solvent, concentrated in a rotary evaporator and left in the refrigerator 48 hours with the addition of chloroform to it. Needle-shaped yellow crystals were obtained, which were used to estimate antioxidant activity. \u0000Results: The effectiveness of purified tricin as an ability to inhibit nitric oxide was higher than that of the aqueous extract of rice bran and ascorbic acid at percentages of (97.82, 72.99 and 77.20)% respectively at a concentration of 400 µg / ml, the highest concentration used, also tricin was superior in inhibiting lipid peroxidation of 98.31% over the aqueous extract of rice bran of the commercial jasmine variety 81.28% and ascorbic acid 93.10 at the same concentration, purified tricin showed stability towards temperatures at times (30 min, 15 sec, 30 min, 1 min, 30 min, 5 min, 15 min and 2 sec) higher than that of the aqueous extract in both methods, as the effectiveness ratios of tricin by nitric oxide suppression method reached (64.25, 53.87, 42.78, 47.44, 38.48, 45.74 , 39.04 and 36.13)% respectively, and by the lipid peroxide suppression method (90.73, 85.06, 63.32, 77.50, 32.27, 76.65, 35.06 and 25.30) % respectively, the two methods of effectiveness were used to estimate the stability of the aqueous extract of rice bran and the tricin towards different pH. The effectiveness of tricin was higher than the aqueous extract of rice bran at all tested numbers, and the highest effectiveness of tricin at pH (pH7) with the method of inhibiting nitric oxide and inhibiting lipid peroxidation was (46.56 and 90.92)% respectively. \u0000Conclusion: purified tricin higher antioxidant activity than the aqueous extract using both methods, and showed higher stability towards changes in temperature and during different time pe","PeriodicalId":15122,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology Research Center","volume":"434 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76497566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-11DOI: 10.24126/jobrc.2023.17.1.700
A. A. Raeef, M. J. M. Al-Shaabani, S. K. Al-Ani
Background: Vitamin D insufficiency is a worldwide issue in all age groups. It wasdiscovered that vitamin D insufficiency is linked to autoimmune disorders such as Irritablebowel illness, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, andrheumatoid arthritis. Vitamin D is also connected to the development of thyroid autoimmunedisease and plays an important role in endocrinopathies including type 1 and type 2 diabetes,adrenal diseases, and polycystic ovarian syndrome.Materials and methods: 100 samples were collected for women from Al-Khalidiya city inAnbar province (50 samples likely to have thyroid problems, 50 healthy samples). The levelsof vitamin D and thyroid hormones were measured using A Minividus system (whichcombines a two-step enzyme sands assay with an ELFA, or End Fluorescent DetectionMethod).Results: The current findings revealed that there are significant variations in vitamin D andT4 levels between patients and healthy controls ( P-value 0.05). There is also a positiveassociation between vitamin D levels and T4 (r = 0.378, P-value = 0.007), as well as anegative correlation between vitamin D levels and TSH (r = -0.373, P-value = 0.008).Conclusion: According to our result, Individuals with hypothyroidism in Alkhaldia have avitamin D3 deficiency. In addition, blood vitamin D levels show a positive correlation with T4and a negative correlation with TSH levels. To avoid developing osteoporosis ifhypothyroidism persists, all hypothyroid Iraqi patients should be checked for Vitamin Ddeficiency.
{"title":"The relation between vitamin D insufficiency and thyroid hormones in Iraqi women living in Al-Khalidiya, Anbar Province","authors":"A. A. Raeef, M. J. M. Al-Shaabani, S. K. Al-Ani","doi":"10.24126/jobrc.2023.17.1.700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24126/jobrc.2023.17.1.700","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Vitamin D insufficiency is a worldwide issue in all age groups. It wasdiscovered that vitamin D insufficiency is linked to autoimmune disorders such as Irritablebowel illness, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, andrheumatoid arthritis. Vitamin D is also connected to the development of thyroid autoimmunedisease and plays an important role in endocrinopathies including type 1 and type 2 diabetes,adrenal diseases, and polycystic ovarian syndrome.Materials and methods: 100 samples were collected for women from Al-Khalidiya city inAnbar province (50 samples likely to have thyroid problems, 50 healthy samples). The levelsof vitamin D and thyroid hormones were measured using A Minividus system (whichcombines a two-step enzyme sands assay with an ELFA, or End Fluorescent DetectionMethod).Results: The current findings revealed that there are significant variations in vitamin D andT4 levels between patients and healthy controls ( P-value 0.05). There is also a positiveassociation between vitamin D levels and T4 (r = 0.378, P-value = 0.007), as well as anegative correlation between vitamin D levels and TSH (r = -0.373, P-value = 0.008).Conclusion: According to our result, Individuals with hypothyroidism in Alkhaldia have avitamin D3 deficiency. In addition, blood vitamin D levels show a positive correlation with T4and a negative correlation with TSH levels. To avoid developing osteoporosis ifhypothyroidism persists, all hypothyroid Iraqi patients should be checked for Vitamin Ddeficiency.","PeriodicalId":15122,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology Research Center","volume":"163 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89168137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-11DOI: 10.24126/jobrc.2023.17.1.694
I. Hamza, A. Jarallah, T. Mahmoud
Background: the interaction of human with dioxin and possible outcome from exposure to such compounds was reviewed. Red flag was raised to investigate these compound following media inquiries dealing with assassination of the Ukraine presidential candidate Victor Yushchenko using the most toxic dioxin, tetrachlorodibenzodioxin or TCDD. Results: Human may be exposed to dioxins following environmental, occupational, or accidental pollutant that when enter the body they are either metabolized then eliminated with different capacity depending on individual’s physiology, health, does been administrated, or can be stored in body fat. Detoxification of dioxins occurs by microsomes enzymes that alter their structure by adding oxygen to lipophilic chemicals in the liver. Conclusions: Dioxins exert carcinogenic action in human, and other morbidities such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, and diabetes, and with extend exposure they can disrupt nervous, immune, reproductive, and endocrine system. From the other hand, exposure to high doses within short time cause liver function impairment and chloracne. Deformed fetuses in many births were attributed to dioxins poisoning. Ramifications on health were documented through scientific reports placing dioxins of high toxicity to human.
{"title":"Dioxins and their effect on human toxicity","authors":"I. Hamza, A. Jarallah, T. Mahmoud","doi":"10.24126/jobrc.2023.17.1.694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24126/jobrc.2023.17.1.694","url":null,"abstract":"Background: the interaction of human with dioxin and possible outcome from exposure to such compounds was reviewed. Red flag was raised to investigate these compound following media inquiries dealing with assassination of the Ukraine presidential candidate Victor Yushchenko using the most toxic dioxin, tetrachlorodibenzodioxin or TCDD. \u0000Results: Human may be exposed to dioxins following environmental, occupational, or accidental pollutant that when enter the body they are either metabolized then eliminated with different capacity depending on individual’s physiology, health, does been administrated, or can be stored in body fat. Detoxification of dioxins occurs by microsomes enzymes that alter their structure by adding oxygen to lipophilic chemicals in the liver. \u0000Conclusions: Dioxins exert carcinogenic action in human, and other morbidities such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, and diabetes, and with extend exposure they can disrupt nervous, immune, reproductive, and endocrine system. From the other hand, exposure to high doses within short time cause liver function impairment and chloracne. Deformed fetuses in many births were attributed to dioxins poisoning. Ramifications on health were documented through scientific reports placing dioxins of high toxicity to human.","PeriodicalId":15122,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology Research Center","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82190267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-11DOI: 10.24126/jobrc.2023.17.1.701
M. A. Ghazi, Majida A. Al-Qaiym
Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate Thymus vulgaris (T.vulgaris) ethanolic extract protective role for lymphocytes viability and prevent DNA damage by long-term exposure to Lead acetate (Pb) via ingestion. Material and method: A number of 24 females adult rats were divided into equal groups; 1st Group, as control, 2nd Group administered with lead acetate 5 mg/kg B.W oral gavage lead acetate for 60 days and 3rd Group treated with lead acetate at dose 5mg/kg B.W and T.vulgaris extract at doses 75mg/kg B.W for 60 days. Result: Results of leukocytes (WBCs) and lymphocyte count revealed a significant (P≤0.05) decrease in the 2nd group and an increase in the 3rd group in comparison to the 1st group. Also the result of Lymphocyte/Neutrophil ratio increased significantly (P≤0.05) in the 2nd and 3rd groups as compared to the 1st group. lymphocytes viability were evaluated using trypan blue, showed statistically (P≤0.05) less viable lymphocytes cells were in the 2nd group and more viable lymphocytes cells were found in the 3rd group when comparing to 1st group. Ingestion of T.vulgaris showed a protective role in preventing DNA damage according to comet assay. Conclusion the ethanolic T.vulgaris polyphenols extracted molecules with their unique chemical molecular structure withstand lead toxicity, could be due to chelate lead activity.
{"title":"Role of T. vulgaris protects DNA damage induced by Lead acetate in Rats","authors":"M. A. Ghazi, Majida A. Al-Qaiym","doi":"10.24126/jobrc.2023.17.1.701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24126/jobrc.2023.17.1.701","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate Thymus vulgaris (T.vulgaris) ethanolic extract protective role for lymphocytes viability and prevent DNA damage by long-term exposure to Lead acetate (Pb) via ingestion. \u0000Material and method: A number of 24 females adult rats were divided into equal groups; 1st Group, as control, 2nd Group administered with lead acetate 5 mg/kg B.W oral gavage lead acetate for 60 days and 3rd Group treated with lead acetate at dose 5mg/kg B.W and T.vulgaris extract at doses 75mg/kg B.W for 60 days. \u0000Result: Results of leukocytes (WBCs) and lymphocyte count revealed a significant (P≤0.05) decrease in the 2nd group and an increase in the 3rd group in comparison to the 1st group. Also the result of Lymphocyte/Neutrophil ratio increased significantly (P≤0.05) in the 2nd and 3rd groups as compared to the 1st group. lymphocytes viability were evaluated using trypan blue, showed statistically (P≤0.05) less viable lymphocytes cells were in the 2nd group and more viable lymphocytes cells were found in the 3rd group when comparing to 1st group. Ingestion of T.vulgaris showed a protective role in preventing DNA damage according to comet assay. \u0000Conclusion the ethanolic T.vulgaris polyphenols extracted molecules with their unique chemical molecular structure withstand lead toxicity, could be due to chelate lead activity.","PeriodicalId":15122,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology Research Center","volume":"36 11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80179923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-11DOI: 10.24126/jobrc.2023.17.1.692
B. I. Khayatt
Background: Metabolic and genomic informatics integrations in organism-specific databases require comprehensive and intensive efforts. PathoLogic, a component of the Pathway Tools software package can create complete Pathway/Genome Databases (PGDBs) from genomic sequence and annotation files for any organism. This tool can predict the metabolic pathways using MetaCyc as a reference knowledge base. This work aimed to apply a bioinformatics approach to curate a PGDB created for the Crenarchaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus P2. This archaeon grows optimally at 80o C and pH 2-4. The complete genome of S. solfataricus P2 was released in 2001. Created PGDBs often need manual curations to fill in the metabolic gaps that the software failed to detect. Methods: We used Pathway Tools to create the PGDB for the Sulfolobus solfataricus P2. Bioinformatics curation for carbohydrate metabolism pathway (Entner-Doudoroff “ED”) and TCA cycle was carried out. Literature search as well as homology-, orthology- and context-based protein function prediction methods were followed for this curation using the Editors component of the Pathway Tools program. Results: Curation modified the number of the pathways in the database by adding extra pathways that have not been detected by the PathoLogic. New pathways such as semi-phosphorylated ED and a new variation of the TCA cycle were added to the PGDB of S. solfataricus P2. Filling in the metabolic holes (missing enzymes) in the pathways under study was also involved in the curation process. Conclusion: The bioinformatics curation of the PGDB of S. solfataricus P2 improved the database that can serve as a reference knowledge base for genomic annotations and metabolic pathway reconstructions of other organisms especially the closely related Archaea.
{"title":"Bioinformatics Approach for Metabolism Pathways Curation: Carbohydrate Metabolism and TCA Cycle in the Archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus P2","authors":"B. I. Khayatt","doi":"10.24126/jobrc.2023.17.1.692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24126/jobrc.2023.17.1.692","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Metabolic and genomic informatics integrations in organism-specific databases require comprehensive and intensive efforts. PathoLogic, a component of the Pathway Tools software package can create complete Pathway/Genome Databases (PGDBs) from genomic sequence and annotation files for any organism. This tool can predict the metabolic pathways using MetaCyc as a reference knowledge base. This work aimed to apply a bioinformatics approach to curate a PGDB created for the Crenarchaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus P2. This archaeon grows optimally at 80o C and pH 2-4. The complete genome of S. solfataricus P2 was released in 2001. Created PGDBs often need manual curations to fill in the metabolic gaps that the software failed to detect. \u0000Methods: We used Pathway Tools to create the PGDB for the Sulfolobus solfataricus P2. Bioinformatics curation for carbohydrate metabolism pathway (Entner-Doudoroff “ED”) and TCA cycle was carried out. Literature search as well as homology-, orthology- and context-based protein function prediction methods were followed for this curation using the Editors component of the Pathway Tools program. \u0000Results: Curation modified the number of the pathways in the database by adding extra pathways that have not been detected by the PathoLogic. New pathways such as semi-phosphorylated ED and a new variation of the TCA cycle were added to the PGDB of S. solfataricus P2. Filling in the metabolic holes (missing enzymes) in the pathways under study was also involved in the curation process. \u0000Conclusion: The bioinformatics curation of the PGDB of S. solfataricus P2 improved the database that can serve as a reference knowledge base for genomic annotations and metabolic pathway reconstructions of other organisms especially the closely related Archaea.","PeriodicalId":15122,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology Research Center","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89936307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-11DOI: 10.24126/jobrc.2023.17.1.702
A. Al-Alwani, M. A. Mohammed
Back Ground: The plant tissue culture technique is one of the biotechnologies that meansisolating a plant cell, tissue or organ, sterilizing it and cultivating it on sterile artificial foodmedia under conditions completely free of pathogens, and then the transplanted part developsinto a complete plant similar to the original from which it was taken. Under controlledenvironmental conditions of temperature, humidity and lighting, as defined by others as sterilecultivation of cells, tissues, organs and their components under certain chemical and physicalconditions in vitro.Objectives: This study aimed to propagate the medicinal chia plant using the technique ofplant tissue culture.Materials and Methods: The research was carried out in the Plant Tissue Culture Laboratoryof the College of Agriculture, Anbar University. Sterilized chia seeds were sown on the MSnutrient medium equipped with the GA3 growth regulator for the purpose of obtainingvegetative growths in the cultivation tubes, at the rate of one seed per vial, using tweezerspreviously sterilized with alcohol and flame. After obtaining the required growths, the stemnodes were cut into pieces 1 cm long and planted on MS medium prepared with differentconcentrations of BA (0.5, 1, 2, 3) mg L -1 . And by interfering with NAA (0.1, 0.2, 0.3) mg L -1with the aim of the emergence and multiplication of vegetative branches within a factorialexperiment with two factors (4 × 4) with 10 replications for each treatment. 16 hours and 8hours dark. In the rooting experiment, different concentrations of IBA (0, 1, 2) mg L -1 wereused, interfering with BR (0, 0.1, 0.2) mg L -1 , and measurements were taken after one month. Results: It was observed through the obtained results that there were significant differencesbetween the different concentrations of growth regulators used in the experiment in themultiplication and rooting of the branches.Conclusions: Regarding the doubling stage, there is an increase in the number of branches asthe concentration of the growth regulator BA increases. For rooting, the growth regulatorbrassinosteroids outperformed auxin indole butyric acid in root lengths and numbers.Keywords: Chia Plants, Gibberellin hormone, Leaves, Stem Nodes, Tissue Culture Technique
植物组织培养技术是指分离植物细胞、组织或器官，对其进行灭菌，并在完全无病原体的条件下在无菌的人工食品培养基上培养，然后移植的部分发育成与原植物相似的完整植物的一种生物技术。在温度、湿度和光照等受控环境条件下，在体外对细胞、组织、器官及其成分在一定的化学和物理条件下进行无菌培养。目的:利用植物组织培养技术繁殖药用奇亚。材料与方法:本研究在安巴尔大学农学院植物组织培养实验室进行。将灭菌的奇亚籽播种在装有GA3生长调节剂的MSnutrient培养基上，以每瓶一粒种子的速率在培养管中获得营养生长，使用事先用酒精和火焰消毒的镊子。获得所需的生长后，将茎节切成1cm长的片段，种植在含有不同浓度BA(0.5、1、2、3)mg L -1的MS培养基上。通过对NAA (0.1, 0.2, 0.3) mg L -1进行干扰，目的是在两因素(4 × 4)的因子试验中，每个处理10个重复，以达到营养枝的出现和繁殖。16小时和8小时的黑暗。在生根试验中，用不同浓度的IBA(0、1、2)mg L -1干扰BR(0、0.1、0.2)mg L -1, 1个月后测定。结果:通过所得结果观察到，实验中不同浓度的生长调节剂对枝条的增殖和生根有显著差异。结论:在倍增期，随着生长调节剂BA浓度的增加，分支数量增加。在生根方面，生长调节剂油菜素内酯在根长和根数方面优于生长素吲哚丁酸。关键词:奇亚植物，赤霉素激素，叶片，茎节，组织培养技术
{"title":"Propagation of Chia Plants Using Plant Tissue Culture Technique","authors":"A. Al-Alwani, M. A. Mohammed","doi":"10.24126/jobrc.2023.17.1.702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24126/jobrc.2023.17.1.702","url":null,"abstract":"Back Ground: The plant tissue culture technique is one of the biotechnologies that meansisolating a plant cell, tissue or organ, sterilizing it and cultivating it on sterile artificial foodmedia under conditions completely free of pathogens, and then the transplanted part developsinto a complete plant similar to the original from which it was taken. Under controlledenvironmental conditions of temperature, humidity and lighting, as defined by others as sterilecultivation of cells, tissues, organs and their components under certain chemical and physicalconditions in vitro.Objectives: This study aimed to propagate the medicinal chia plant using the technique ofplant tissue culture.Materials and Methods: The research was carried out in the Plant Tissue Culture Laboratoryof the College of Agriculture, Anbar University. Sterilized chia seeds were sown on the MSnutrient medium equipped with the GA3 growth regulator for the purpose of obtainingvegetative growths in the cultivation tubes, at the rate of one seed per vial, using tweezerspreviously sterilized with alcohol and flame. After obtaining the required growths, the stemnodes were cut into pieces 1 cm long and planted on MS medium prepared with differentconcentrations of BA (0.5, 1, 2, 3) mg L -1 . And by interfering with NAA (0.1, 0.2, 0.3) mg L -1with the aim of the emergence and multiplication of vegetative branches within a factorialexperiment with two factors (4 × 4) with 10 replications for each treatment. 16 hours and 8hours dark. In the rooting experiment, different concentrations of IBA (0, 1, 2) mg L -1 wereused, interfering with BR (0, 0.1, 0.2) mg L -1 , and measurements were taken after one month. \u0000Results: It was observed through the obtained results that there were significant differencesbetween the different concentrations of growth regulators used in the experiment in themultiplication and rooting of the branches.Conclusions: Regarding the doubling stage, there is an increase in the number of branches asthe concentration of the growth regulator BA increases. For rooting, the growth regulatorbrassinosteroids outperformed auxin indole butyric acid in root lengths and numbers.Keywords: Chia Plants, Gibberellin hormone, Leaves, Stem Nodes, Tissue Culture Technique","PeriodicalId":15122,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology Research Center","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82975066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-11DOI: 10.24126/jobrc.2023.17.1.696
S. Alrawi, H. Buniya, N. Al-abide
Background: Comparison of genetic characteristics among species of Suaeda spp. Objective: identifying the genetic characteristics among species Suaeda (Amaranthaceae) in Anbar Governorate. (From August 2020 to September 2021 fresh plant samples were collected in the flowering stage for the studied species). Materials and methods: The genetic diversity of the Suaeda species was studied after DNA extraction and using the Inter Simple Sequence Repeats Reaction method to recorded in the genetic aspects. DNA was extracted from young leaves of the studied species. The concentration and purity of the DNA were determined, and the detection of genetic relationships between the studied plant species as well as finding this genetic fingerprint by ISSR Reaction. Results: The results showed that the plant samples collected during study belong to species of the genus Suaeda, and these species were: S. aegyptiaca, S. altissima, S. carnosissma, S. fruticosa, S. monoica, S. vera and S. vermiculata symbolized by (S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7) respectively for the purpose of brevity. The results showed that there was the highest close between S. aegyptiaca and S. vera which amounted to 0.6319, and the results showed that there was the least closeness between S. aegyptiaca and S. carnosissma which amounted to 0.4231. Conclusion: Genetic traits are among the stable traits that can be adopted in separating the studied species. The genetic study, especially at the DNA level, is one of the most important modern taxonomic studies that rely on PCR technology for the accuracy of its results and the speed of obtaining results.There are at least seven species of the genus Suaeda in the western province of Anbar Governorate - Iraq.
{"title":"Comparison of genetic characteristics among species of Suaeda spp. (Amaranthaceae) in the western Anbar plateau - Iraq","authors":"S. Alrawi, H. Buniya, N. Al-abide","doi":"10.24126/jobrc.2023.17.1.696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24126/jobrc.2023.17.1.696","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Comparison of genetic characteristics among species of Suaeda spp. \u0000Objective: identifying the genetic characteristics among species Suaeda (Amaranthaceae) in Anbar Governorate. (From August 2020 to September 2021 fresh plant samples were collected in the flowering stage for the studied species). \u0000Materials and methods: The genetic diversity of the Suaeda species was studied after DNA extraction and using the Inter Simple Sequence Repeats Reaction method to recorded in the genetic aspects. DNA was extracted from young leaves of the studied species. The concentration and purity of the DNA were determined, and the detection of genetic relationships between the studied plant species as well as finding this genetic fingerprint by ISSR Reaction. \u0000Results: The results showed that the plant samples collected during study belong to species of the genus Suaeda, and these species were: S. aegyptiaca, S. altissima, S. carnosissma, S. fruticosa, S. monoica, S. vera and S. vermiculata symbolized by (S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7) respectively for the purpose of brevity. The results showed that there was the highest close between S. aegyptiaca and S. vera which amounted to 0.6319, and the results showed that there was the least closeness between S. aegyptiaca and S. carnosissma which amounted to 0.4231. \u0000Conclusion: Genetic traits are among the stable traits that can be adopted in separating the studied species. The genetic study, especially at the DNA level, is one of the most important modern taxonomic studies that rely on PCR technology for the accuracy of its results and the speed of obtaining results.There are at least seven species of the genus Suaeda in the western province of Anbar Governorate - Iraq.","PeriodicalId":15122,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology Research Center","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78858907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background and Objective: This study investigated the influence of beers of different alcohol content on haematological indices of male albino rats. Materials and Methods: Three brands of beers commonly consumed within Nigeria were purchased and administered to the experimental animals for 21 days. Group 1 was the control. Group 2 and group 3 were administered 10 mL/kg bw and 20 mL/kg bw of beer A respectively. Group 4 and group 5 were administered 10 mL/kg bw and 20 mL/kg bw of beer B respectively, while group 6 and group 7 were administered 10 mL/kg bw and 20 mL/kg bw of beer C respectively. The haematological analysis was carried out using Abacus 380. Results: White blood cell (WBC) count increased in all the test groups compared with the normal control. The increase is significant (P<0.05) in groups 3, 5, 6 and 7. Lymphocyte (LYM) increased non-significantly (P>0.05) in groups 2, 5, 6 and 7, but reduced non-significantly (P>0.05) in groups 3 and 4 compared to the control. Mid-size cells (MID) reduced non-significantly (P>0.05) in group 6, but increased non-significantly (P>0.05) in groups 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7 compared to the control. Granulocyte (GRA) increased non-significantly (P>0.05) in group 6, but reduced non-significantly (P>0.05) in groups 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7 compared to the control. Red blood cell (RBC), haemoglobin (Hb) and packed cell volume (PCV) showed no significant alteration (P>0.05) in all the test groups compared to the control. RBC reduced in all the test groups; Hb reduced in groups 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7, but increased in group 6, while PCV reduced in groups 2, 4 and 7, but increased in groups 3, 5 and 6. Platelet (PLT) and plateletcrit (PCT) increased significantly (P<0.05) in groups 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7, but increased non-significantly (P>0.05) in group 6 compared to the control. Conclusion: The result showed that regular consumption of these beers of different concentrations as used in this study may induce intoxication and influence certain immune indexes, but may not induce anaemia. It also encourages the production of platelets and may promote the stoppage of bleeding resulting from an injury.
{"title":"Influence of Beers of Different Alcohol Concentration on Haematological Indices of Male Albino Rats","authors":"C. Imo","doi":"10.32861/jbr.91.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32861/jbr.91.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objective: This study investigated the influence of beers of different alcohol content on haematological indices of male albino rats. Materials and Methods: Three brands of beers commonly consumed within Nigeria were purchased and administered to the experimental animals for 21 days. Group 1 was the control. Group 2 and group 3 were administered 10 mL/kg bw and 20 mL/kg bw of beer A respectively. Group 4 and group 5 were administered 10 mL/kg bw and 20 mL/kg bw of beer B respectively, while group 6 and group 7 were administered 10 mL/kg bw and 20 mL/kg bw of beer C respectively. The haematological analysis was carried out using Abacus 380. Results: White blood cell (WBC) count increased in all the test groups compared with the normal control. The increase is significant (P<0.05) in groups 3, 5, 6 and 7. Lymphocyte (LYM) increased non-significantly (P>0.05) in groups 2, 5, 6 and 7, but reduced non-significantly (P>0.05) in groups 3 and 4 compared to the control. Mid-size cells (MID) reduced non-significantly (P>0.05) in group 6, but increased non-significantly (P>0.05) in groups 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7 compared to the control. Granulocyte (GRA) increased non-significantly (P>0.05) in group 6, but reduced non-significantly (P>0.05) in groups 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7 compared to the control. Red blood cell (RBC), haemoglobin (Hb) and packed cell volume (PCV) showed no significant alteration (P>0.05) in all the test groups compared to the control. RBC reduced in all the test groups; Hb reduced in groups 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7, but increased in group 6, while PCV reduced in groups 2, 4 and 7, but increased in groups 3, 5 and 6. Platelet (PLT) and plateletcrit (PCT) increased significantly (P<0.05) in groups 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7, but increased non-significantly (P>0.05) in group 6 compared to the control. Conclusion: The result showed that regular consumption of these beers of different concentrations as used in this study may induce intoxication and influence certain immune indexes, but may not induce anaemia. It also encourages the production of platelets and may promote the stoppage of bleeding resulting from an injury.","PeriodicalId":15122,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology Research Center","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90317953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.24126/jobrc.2022.16.2.640
{"title":"The Correlation between covid-19 infection and inflammatory biomarkers in hospitalized patients","authors":"","doi":"10.24126/jobrc.2022.16.2.640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24126/jobrc.2022.16.2.640","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15122,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology Research Center","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73185151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-28DOI: 10.24126/jobrc.2022.16.2.677
A. T. Dawood, Z. Thabit, S. Shlahi, H. Al-Ahmed, Israa H. Salman
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of premature death due to dietaryfactors such as high salt intake. Bread is one of the most important of these sources, asit causes high blood pressure. In this study, 48 samples of three types of bread werecollected from different bakeries in Baghdad regions, namely white bread, brownbread and local bread, with an average of 16 samples for each type. This study is thefirst in Iraq for the purpose of determining the level of sodium concentration added tothe three types of bread. The aim of this study is to establish the approved controlsand standards for adding sodium to bread. The sodium concentration in the samplesmentioned in this study was calculated, using a dedicated sodium concentration kit,produced by Agappe Diagnostics Switzerland. The maximum value of SodiumConcentration for white bread was in AlShaeb Region (3.555gm), while themaximum value of the Sodium Concentration for the Barley Bread type was in theAlghazalia region (3.518gm) and Mahmudiyah (3.496gm) .The maximum value forthe Sodium Concentration was for the third type, which is the local Bread in theAssadar City region (3.604gm).and the a minimum value of the SodiumConcentration for white bread was in Abu Ghareeb region (3.099gm), while the aminimum value of the Sodium Concentration for the Barley Bread type was in theAbu Ghareeb region (3.093gm) , Palestine Str. (3.133gm) And Karrada region(3.188gm ) and the a minimum value of the Sodium Concentration for Local Breadwas in Palestine Str. (3.186gm) and Abu Ghareeb region (3.208gm).Keywords: white bread, brown bread, local bread, Sodium Concentration
{"title":"Study to investigate the concentration of sodium in bread for some Baghdad bakeries","authors":"A. T. Dawood, Z. Thabit, S. Shlahi, H. Al-Ahmed, Israa H. Salman","doi":"10.24126/jobrc.2022.16.2.677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24126/jobrc.2022.16.2.677","url":null,"abstract":"Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of premature death due to dietaryfactors such as high salt intake. Bread is one of the most important of these sources, asit causes high blood pressure. In this study, 48 samples of three types of bread werecollected from different bakeries in Baghdad regions, namely white bread, brownbread and local bread, with an average of 16 samples for each type. This study is thefirst in Iraq for the purpose of determining the level of sodium concentration added tothe three types of bread. The aim of this study is to establish the approved controlsand standards for adding sodium to bread. The sodium concentration in the samplesmentioned in this study was calculated, using a dedicated sodium concentration kit,produced by Agappe Diagnostics Switzerland. The maximum value of SodiumConcentration for white bread was in AlShaeb Region (3.555gm), while themaximum value of the Sodium Concentration for the Barley Bread type was in theAlghazalia region (3.518gm) and Mahmudiyah (3.496gm) .The maximum value forthe Sodium Concentration was for the third type, which is the local Bread in theAssadar City region (3.604gm).and the a minimum value of the SodiumConcentration for white bread was in Abu Ghareeb region (3.099gm), while the aminimum value of the Sodium Concentration for the Barley Bread type was in theAbu Ghareeb region (3.093gm) , Palestine Str. (3.133gm) And Karrada region(3.188gm ) and the a minimum value of the Sodium Concentration for Local Breadwas in Palestine Str. (3.186gm) and Abu Ghareeb region (3.208gm).Keywords: white bread, brown bread, local bread, Sodium Concentration","PeriodicalId":15122,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology Research Center","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88839286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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