Pub Date : 2022-11-13DOI: 10.24126/jobrc.2022.16.2.639
A. Hussein, Manal Q. Mohammed, H. Hussein, Hajer A. Mejbil
Back Ground: Amylases are a group of enzymes that hydrolyze starch into simple sugars. Amylase is secreted in the human body from saliva and the pancreas. Abnormal levels of the enzyme amylase indicate pancreatitis. Enzyme purification eliminates various proteins and other forms of biomolecules while restoring the majority of enzyme activity. Objectives: Isolation and purification of the alpha-amylase enzyme from the serum of a patient with pancreatitis and a healthy human, and estimation of the values of Michalis constant Km as well as the maximum velocity Vmax to determine the affinity of the enzyme towards the substrate in both cases. Materials and Methods: The enzyme was purified by several steps, including precipitation, by adding ammonium sulfate at a concentration of 30-70%, then dialysis. The extract was transferred through the separation column by gel chromatography containing Sephadex G100 gel. Results: The gel separation chromatography results indicated the appearance of four protein bands, one of which (the third peak) belongs to the amylase enzyme. The specific activity of the enzyme in the last step after concentration of the product was 38 units/gm for the patient and 11.62 U/gm for a healthy human. The yield was 44.67% and 50.53%, while the number of purification times was 9.11 and 9.3 for the patient and the healthy human, respectively. The kinetic constants (Km and Vmax) were estimated using the Leinweaver-Burke plot, Vmax for the patient and the healthy human was 149.3 and 83.3, respectively. the Km for the patient and the healthy human was 1.39 and 2.56, respectively. Conclusion: It is inferred from the results that the affinity of the enzyme to bind to the substrate of patient with pancreatitis is higher than that of the healthy human.
{"title":"Isolation and Purification of Amylase from Serum of Patients with Pancreatitis and Comparing the Biochemical Properties with Amylase Purified from Healthy People","authors":"A. Hussein, Manal Q. Mohammed, H. Hussein, Hajer A. Mejbil","doi":"10.24126/jobrc.2022.16.2.639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24126/jobrc.2022.16.2.639","url":null,"abstract":"Back Ground: Amylases are a group of enzymes that hydrolyze starch into simple sugars. Amylase is secreted in the human body from saliva and the pancreas. Abnormal levels of the enzyme amylase indicate pancreatitis. Enzyme purification eliminates various proteins and other forms of biomolecules while restoring the majority of enzyme activity. \u0000Objectives: Isolation and purification of the alpha-amylase enzyme from the serum of a patient with pancreatitis and a healthy human, and estimation of the values of Michalis constant Km as well as the maximum velocity Vmax to determine the affinity of the enzyme towards the substrate in both cases. \u0000Materials and Methods: The enzyme was purified by several steps, including precipitation, by adding ammonium sulfate at a concentration of 30-70%, then dialysis. The extract was transferred through the separation column by gel chromatography containing Sephadex G100 gel. \u0000Results: The gel separation chromatography results indicated the appearance of four protein bands, one of which (the third peak) belongs to the amylase enzyme. The specific activity of the enzyme in the last step after concentration of the product was 38 units/gm for the patient and 11.62 U/gm for a healthy human. The yield was 44.67% and 50.53%, while the number of purification times was 9.11 and 9.3 for the patient and the healthy human, respectively. The kinetic constants (Km and Vmax) were estimated using the Leinweaver-Burke plot, Vmax for the patient and the healthy human was 149.3 and 83.3, respectively. the Km for the patient and the healthy human was 1.39 and 2.56, respectively. \u0000Conclusion: It is inferred from the results that the affinity of the enzyme to bind to the substrate of patient with pancreatitis is higher than that of the healthy human. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":15122,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology Research Center","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84251624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-02DOI: 10.24126/jobrc.2022.16.2.637
Zainab Agab, Mohammed A. Jasim, Atheer Zgair
Several studies have directed the use of different chemicals as an antibiotics alternative that kills bacteria or may lead to stimulating the body's resistance against infections, such as organic acids that include non-protein amino acids especially β-aminobutyric acid (ΒABA), which has proven in this study its ability to increase the systemic resistance of male rats against Staphylococcus aureus. As well as increasing the numbers of white blood cells and lymphocytes and their positive effect on improving the immune complement system . The aim of study was to know the effect of β-aminobutyric Acid on the response immune system of animals that was infected with s. aureus bacteria Objectives of the study Study of hematological parameters of animals treated with BABA, including: WBC ,RBC , Hb , PCV ,LYM ,GRA Materials used in this experiment mannitol salt field, as well as blood agar and MacConkey agar were used for the development of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, as well as amino acid β-aminobutyric Acid with different concentrations Prepare the first solution of amino acid concentration (20 mg/ml).The other amino acid was prepared at a concentration of (40 mg/ml)Then the required doses for each animal were prepared according to the weight of each animal Results: The effect of BABA on the level of (RBC – WBC – PLT –LYM –GRA) The results showed that there was no effect of the amino acid BABA on the level of (RBC-MCV-PLT) in groups infected with bacteria and treated with BABAThe results showed that there was no effect of the amino acid BABA on the level of (WBC) in the groups infected with bacteria and treated with BABA, while the percentage of (LYM-GRA) increased.
{"title":"Hematological Regulation Using β-aminobutyric Acid In Staphylococcus aureus infected Rats","authors":"Zainab Agab, Mohammed A. Jasim, Atheer Zgair","doi":"10.24126/jobrc.2022.16.2.637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24126/jobrc.2022.16.2.637","url":null,"abstract":"Several studies have directed the use of different chemicals as an antibiotics alternative that kills bacteria or may lead to stimulating the body's resistance against infections, such as organic acids that include non-protein amino acids especially β-aminobutyric acid (ΒABA), which has proven in this study its ability to increase the systemic resistance of male rats against Staphylococcus aureus. As well as increasing the numbers of white blood cells and lymphocytes and their positive effect on improving the immune complement system . The aim of study was to know the effect of β-aminobutyric Acid on the response immune system of animals that was infected with s. aureus bacteria \u0000Objectives of the study \u0000Study of hematological parameters of animals treated with BABA, including: \u0000WBC ,RBC , Hb , PCV ,LYM ,GRA \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Materials used in this experiment mannitol salt field, as well as blood agar and MacConkey agar were used for the development of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, as well as amino acid β-aminobutyric Acid with different concentrations \u0000Prepare the first solution of amino acid concentration (20 mg/ml).The other amino acid was prepared at a concentration of (40 mg/ml)Then the required doses for each animal were prepared according to the weight of each animal \u0000Results: \u0000The effect of BABA on the level of (RBC – WBC – PLT –LYM –GRA) \u0000The results showed that there was no effect of the amino acid BABA on the level of (RBC-MCV-PLT) in groups infected with bacteria and treated with BABAThe results showed that there was no effect of the amino acid BABA on the level of (WBC) in the groups infected with bacteria and treated with BABA, while the percentage of (LYM-GRA) increased.","PeriodicalId":15122,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology Research Center","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79865656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yousif A. Elhassaneen, Sobhy Hassab El-Nabi, A. I. Bayomi, Ahmed R. ElKabary
{"title":"Potential of Watermelon (Citrullis Lanatus) Peel Extract in Attenuating Benzo[a]Pyrene Exposure-Induced Molecular Damage in Liver Cells in vitro","authors":"Yousif A. Elhassaneen, Sobhy Hassab El-Nabi, A. I. Bayomi, Ahmed R. ElKabary","doi":"10.32861/jbr.83.32.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32861/jbr.83.32.45","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15122,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology Research Center","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87569623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The importance of nutraceutical plants and the contribution of phytomedicine to the well-being of quite a large number of people and their animals worldwide has attracted interest from a variety of disciplines. Nutraceutical plants have proved to be very important in medicinal plants research and because of the bioactive compounds that these plants possess, they are useful in drug research and development. This article reviewed the bioactive constituents of Talinum triangulare; its therapeutic and nutritional importance as well as the usefulness of its bioactive compounds in agricultural settings. Bioactive components such as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, phlobatannin, anthraquinones, steroid, terpenes, phenols, cardiac glycoside were reported to be present in T. triangulare. T. triangulare has been implicated medically in the management of cardiovascular diseases like stroke, obesity and this was attributed to the presence of some bioactive compounds such as flavonoids and antioxidants in this plant. T. triangulare was also reported to contain some important minerals such as ß-carotene, minerals (such as calcium, potassium and magnesium), pectin, protein and vitamins. Investigations involved inclusion of T. triangulare dried powder as additive in the feed and inclusion of the leaf extract in drinking water were also reported to improve growth performance as well as immune system of both aquatic and terrestrial animals respectfully. It is therefore concluded that T. triangulare leaves can contribute significantly to the health management of Man and animal and should be recommended to be included in the daily nutritional requirement of both Man and animal.
{"title":"Talinum Triangulare (Water Leaf): What a Wonderful Plant?","authors":"Tiamiyu Adebisi Musefiu, Oluwafemi Doris Yinka","doi":"10.32861/jbr.82.26.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32861/jbr.82.26.31","url":null,"abstract":"The importance of nutraceutical plants and the contribution of phytomedicine to the well-being of quite a large number of people and their animals worldwide has attracted interest from a variety of disciplines. Nutraceutical plants have proved to be very important in medicinal plants research and because of the bioactive compounds that these plants possess, they are useful in drug research and development. This article reviewed the bioactive constituents of Talinum triangulare; its therapeutic and nutritional importance as well as the usefulness of its bioactive compounds in agricultural settings. Bioactive components such as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, phlobatannin, anthraquinones, steroid, terpenes, phenols, cardiac glycoside were reported to be present in T. triangulare. T. triangulare has been implicated medically in the management of cardiovascular diseases like stroke, obesity and this was attributed to the presence of some bioactive compounds such as flavonoids and antioxidants in this plant. T. triangulare was also reported to contain some important minerals such as ß-carotene, minerals (such as calcium, potassium and magnesium), pectin, protein and vitamins. Investigations involved inclusion of T. triangulare dried powder as additive in the feed and inclusion of the leaf extract in drinking water were also reported to improve growth performance as well as immune system of both aquatic and terrestrial animals respectfully. It is therefore concluded that T. triangulare leaves can contribute significantly to the health management of Man and animal and should be recommended to be included in the daily nutritional requirement of both Man and animal.","PeriodicalId":15122,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology Research Center","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89825874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.24126/jobrc.2022.16.1.626
Haneen S. Albachary, S. Raisan, Ziyad Malgooth
Aim of the study: assess the level of immunoglobulin A, IgA, Complement protein C5a in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary COPD, Asthmatic, and Tonsillitis patients. Material and methods: 98 samples were collected from patients aged (5 years old to older than 45 years) of different sexes, as well as samples, collected from 10 healthy people as control group in an immunological study. Serum concentration was done according to human IgA Bioassay Technology Laboratory Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) - Kits Cat.No E0189Hu and Complement Component C5a R1 Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) Kit Cat. No. E6576Hu. Results: of the current study showed that the concentration of antibody A (IgA >20ng/ml) was higher in males by (62.5%) compared to females and that the highest concentration was found in the age group greater than 45 by (31.8%) ) with a significant difference between the remaining age groups at the level of probability (p > 0.05) and concentration of antibody A (IgA >20ng/ml) was high in all patients, and asthma constituted the highest percentage of increase in antibody A concentration by (32.65%) compared to the control samples with the presence of Significant difference at the level of probability (p > 0.05). the study also showed that Complement Component C5a R1 was high in all disease cases, and the increase was equal in percentage (6.8%) for the distribution of concentrations on patient samples with a significant difference between healthy and sick patients at the level of probability (p > 0.05) and it was high in males only with a percentage of (23.8 and that). The highest concentration was found in the two age groups (5-14and44-35) with a percentage of (6.8%) with no significant difference between the remaining age groups at the level of probability (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION:Asthma patients affected by the immune changes accompanying the disease compared to patients with Tonsillitis and COPD. High level of antibody concentration ,C5 in all diseased conditions, most affected by Asthmatic patients.
{"title":"Correlation between Human Serum Immunoglobulin A and Complement Component receptor 1 (C5aR1) to Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary, Asthma and Tonsillitis Diseases","authors":"Haneen S. Albachary, S. Raisan, Ziyad Malgooth","doi":"10.24126/jobrc.2022.16.1.626","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24126/jobrc.2022.16.1.626","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of the study: assess the level of immunoglobulin A, IgA, Complement protein C5a in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary COPD, Asthmatic, and Tonsillitis patients. \u0000Material and methods: 98 samples were collected from patients aged (5 years old to older than 45 years) of different sexes, as well as samples, collected from 10 healthy people as control group in an immunological study. Serum concentration was done according to human IgA Bioassay Technology Laboratory Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) - Kits Cat.No E0189Hu and Complement Component C5a R1 Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) Kit Cat. No. E6576Hu. \u0000Results: of the current study showed that the concentration of antibody A (IgA >20ng/ml) was higher in males by (62.5%) compared to females and that the highest concentration was found in the age group greater than 45 by (31.8%) ) with a significant difference between the remaining age groups at the level of probability (p > 0.05) and concentration of antibody A (IgA >20ng/ml) was high in all patients, and asthma constituted the highest percentage of increase in antibody A concentration by (32.65%) compared to the control samples with the presence of Significant difference at the level of probability (p > 0.05). the study also showed that Complement Component C5a R1 was high in all disease cases, and the increase was equal in percentage (6.8%) for the distribution of concentrations on patient samples with a significant difference between healthy and sick patients at the level of probability (p > 0.05) and it was high in males only with a percentage of (23.8 and that). The highest concentration was found in the two age groups (5-14and44-35) with a percentage of (6.8%) with no significant difference between the remaining age groups at the level of probability (p > 0.05). \u0000CONCLUSION:Asthma patients affected by the immune changes accompanying the disease compared to patients with Tonsillitis and COPD. High level of antibody concentration ,C5 in all diseased conditions, most affected by Asthmatic patients.","PeriodicalId":15122,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology Research Center","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73966774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.24126/jobrc.2022.16.1.627
Ali K. Al-Muttair, Nada A. R. F. Al Easawi, S. Mustafa
Background: Water is the source of life form and this crucial source is continuously being polluted through variety of human activities and from natural sources. Many methods have been used to treat water from these pollutants with different degrees of success; one of the most promising techniques is adsorption. Adsorption have been used extensively with variety of adsorbents range from the expensive activated carbon to cheap plant waste. Aim of study: This review provides a scope on the adsorption process and the factors affect the adsorption, types of adoption, isotherm studies and models as well as some examples on the past studies conducted to eliminate various types of contaminants such as chemical dyes, heavy metals and crude oil and other aromatic compounds.
{"title":"Using Adsorption as Means to Treat Water Pollution","authors":"Ali K. Al-Muttair, Nada A. R. F. Al Easawi, S. Mustafa","doi":"10.24126/jobrc.2022.16.1.627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24126/jobrc.2022.16.1.627","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Water is the source of life form and this crucial source is continuously being polluted through variety of human activities and from natural sources. Many methods have been used to treat water from these pollutants with different degrees of success; one of the most promising techniques is adsorption. Adsorption have been used extensively with variety of adsorbents range from the expensive activated carbon to cheap plant waste. \u0000Aim of study: This review provides a scope on the adsorption process and the factors affect the adsorption, types of adoption, isotherm studies and models as well as some examples on the past studies conducted to eliminate various types of contaminants such as chemical dyes, heavy metals and crude oil and other aromatic compounds. ","PeriodicalId":15122,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology Research Center","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80995763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.24126/jobrc.2022.16.1.625
A. Abdullah
Back Ground: Myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) is a long-term blood disease that has an excess production of mature hematopoietic pluripotent stem cells in the bone marrow. In the early fifties, W. Dameshek structured the Myeloproliferative disorders that are at present the World Health Organization (WHO) changed it to Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (MPNs). According to the Iraqi cancer registry, Chronic Myeloproliferative disorders in the male is 0.62% and the incidence rate is 0.36, in female Chronic Myeloproliferative disorders (45 case) is 0.31% and the incidence rate is 0.24. The JAK2-V617F genetic mutation is approximately seventy percent of the Myeloproliferative Neoplasm cases. Interleukin-4 plasma and serum levels are significantly increased in MPNs different types. Objectives: The goal of this study is to estimate the IL-4 serum levels in the JAK2-V617F negative and positive mutation in the Iraqi MPNs patients. Materials and Methods: Total of (60) patients screened by cohort prospective study of having MPN who are patients presented to the National Center of Hematology / Al-Mustansiriyah University. Depending on the JAK2-V617F genetic mutation we classified our MPNs cases into 3 groups: JAK2-V617F negative (N: 20), JAK2-V617F positive (N: 40) and control group (10). Blood sample (5) ml was obtained from each individual in each group, by venipuncture using disposable syringes for IL-4 serum estimation by Enzyme Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA) technique. Results: A clear indication of significant differences was observed between IL-4 serum level in JAK2-V617F negative samples and control samples (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The IL-4 serum level is high in MPNs patients, which is one of the immune evading mechanisms of the cancerous acting to imbalance the Th1/Th2 ratio and enhancing the anti-apoptotic activity inside those cells.
{"title":"IL-4 Serum Level Estimation in Myeloproliferative Neoplasm Patients","authors":"A. Abdullah","doi":"10.24126/jobrc.2022.16.1.625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24126/jobrc.2022.16.1.625","url":null,"abstract":"Back Ground: Myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) is a long-term blood disease that has an excess production of mature hematopoietic pluripotent stem cells in the bone marrow. In the early fifties, W. Dameshek structured the Myeloproliferative disorders that are at present the World Health Organization (WHO) changed it to Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (MPNs). According to the Iraqi cancer registry, Chronic Myeloproliferative disorders in the male is 0.62% and the incidence rate is 0.36, in female Chronic Myeloproliferative disorders (45 case) is 0.31% and the incidence rate is 0.24. The JAK2-V617F genetic mutation is approximately seventy percent of the Myeloproliferative Neoplasm cases. Interleukin-4 plasma and serum levels are significantly increased in MPNs different types. \u0000Objectives: The goal of this study is to estimate the IL-4 serum levels in the JAK2-V617F negative and positive mutation in the Iraqi MPNs patients. \u0000Materials and Methods: Total of (60) patients screened by cohort prospective study of having MPN who are patients presented to the National Center of Hematology / Al-Mustansiriyah University. Depending on the JAK2-V617F genetic mutation we classified our MPNs cases into 3 groups: JAK2-V617F negative (N: 20), JAK2-V617F positive (N: 40) and control group (10). Blood sample (5) ml was obtained from each individual in each group, by venipuncture using disposable syringes for IL-4 serum estimation by Enzyme Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA) technique. \u0000Results: A clear indication of significant differences was observed between IL-4 serum level in JAK2-V617F negative samples and control samples (P < 0.05). \u0000Conclusion: The IL-4 serum level is high in MPNs patients, which is one of the immune evading mechanisms of the cancerous acting to imbalance the Th1/Th2 ratio and enhancing the anti-apoptotic activity inside those cells.","PeriodicalId":15122,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology Research Center","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86889668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Sani, Sanusi Ahmed Jega, B. M. Danbare, F. Bello, A. Abdulhamid, A. Abubakar, H. A. Shindi
Bacterial infections are among the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The development of drug resistance to most antibiotics by bacterial species are pandemic, these necessitate the urgent need to search for new antibacterial drugs from the natural sources. Hence this research was aimed at evaluating the antibacterial activity of some medicinal plants on the most commonly drug resistant bacterial isolates from some patients attending Federal Medical Center (FMC) Birnin Kebbi, Nigeria. An ethno-botanical survey was carried out within Zuru Emirate and three (3) plant samples (Lonchocarpus laxiflorus root, Mitragyna inermis root and Lawsonia inermis root) were selected based on their number of citations and limited number of reported researches on the antibacterial activities of their roots. The multidrug resistant bacterial strains (Staplococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Psuedomonas aeruginosa) obtained from FMC, Birnin Kebbi, were taken from nutrient agar slant and sub-cultured in nutrient agar plates. The antibacterial activities of the root methanol extracts of the plants were evaluated using agar-well diffusion method. Tube dilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration of each plant extract. The preliminary phytochemical screening of the extracts was conducted using standard methods. Alkaloids, Flavaniods, Steriods, Tannins, saponnins and Phenols, were detected in L. laxiflorus root methanol extract, Flavaniods were absent in L. inermis and Alkaloids in M. inermis root methanol extracts. The plant extracts and their combinations showed varying degrees of antibacterial activities on the test isolates. The root methanol extracts of L. laxiflorus, L. inermis, L. laxiflorus/L. inermis, L. laxiflorus/M. inermis and L. inermis/M. inermis roots presented significant increase (p<0.05) in the zone of inhibition against S. aureus. Extracts of L. laxiflorus root, L. inermis root and combination of M. inermis root were able to suppress the growth of P. aeruginosa at lower dose of 25mg/ml. The antibacterial activity revealed that, the extracts exhibited dose dependent effect. L. inermis root had the highest activity and least MIC value of 12.5mg/ml against all the tested isolates. Thus, this research justified the use of these plants in traditional medicine for the treatment of bacterial infections and can also be considered as potential sources for development of new antibacterial agents that may be more effective, safe and readily accessible than the current antibiotics.
{"title":"Antibacterial Activities of Some Medicinal Plants on Common Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Isolates from Some Patients Attending Federal Medical Center, Birnin Kebbi, Nigeria","authors":"I. Sani, Sanusi Ahmed Jega, B. M. Danbare, F. Bello, A. Abdulhamid, A. Abubakar, H. A. Shindi","doi":"10.32861/jbr.81.1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32861/jbr.81.1.6","url":null,"abstract":"Bacterial infections are among the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The development of drug resistance to most antibiotics by bacterial species are pandemic, these necessitate the urgent need to search for new antibacterial drugs from the natural sources. Hence this research was aimed at evaluating the antibacterial activity of some medicinal plants on the most commonly drug resistant bacterial isolates from some patients attending Federal Medical Center (FMC) Birnin Kebbi, Nigeria. An ethno-botanical survey was carried out within Zuru Emirate and three (3) plant samples (Lonchocarpus laxiflorus root, Mitragyna inermis root and Lawsonia inermis root) were selected based on their number of citations and limited number of reported researches on the antibacterial activities of their roots. The multidrug resistant bacterial strains (Staplococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Psuedomonas aeruginosa) obtained from FMC, Birnin Kebbi, were taken from nutrient agar slant and sub-cultured in nutrient agar plates. The antibacterial activities of the root methanol extracts of the plants were evaluated using agar-well diffusion method. Tube dilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration of each plant extract. The preliminary phytochemical screening of the extracts was conducted using standard methods. Alkaloids, Flavaniods, Steriods, Tannins, saponnins and Phenols, were detected in L. laxiflorus root methanol extract, Flavaniods were absent in L. inermis and Alkaloids in M. inermis root methanol extracts. The plant extracts and their combinations showed varying degrees of antibacterial activities on the test isolates. The root methanol extracts of L. laxiflorus, L. inermis, L. laxiflorus/L. inermis, L. laxiflorus/M. inermis and L. inermis/M. inermis roots presented significant increase (p<0.05) in the zone of inhibition against S. aureus. Extracts of L. laxiflorus root, L. inermis root and combination of M. inermis root were able to suppress the growth of P. aeruginosa at lower dose of 25mg/ml. The antibacterial activity revealed that, the extracts exhibited dose dependent effect. L. inermis root had the highest activity and least MIC value of 12.5mg/ml against all the tested isolates. Thus, this research justified the use of these plants in traditional medicine for the treatment of bacterial infections and can also be considered as potential sources for development of new antibacterial agents that may be more effective, safe and readily accessible than the current antibiotics.","PeriodicalId":15122,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology Research Center","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91119479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Abdelfattah, Dyaa Bassiony, Abdallah Nagah, M. Fawzy, M. Y. Hussein, Habiba Mohamed Ibrahim, Nada Y. Ibrahim, Hamid Ashry, Aya M. Aboelhassan, Aya H. Mahmoud, Dina H. Abd El-Monem
Environmental pollution sources including waste or metal accumulation, industrial and agricultural activities can be dangerous. Also, contaminated organic waste (COW) with metals especially, copper ions (Cu2+), can cause toxicity to various ecosystem components, enhance the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and consequently cause oxidative stress. The biochemical effect of the COW was monitored by assessing the oxidative stress parameters (OSP) using hydrogen peroxides (H2O2), protein carbonyls (PC), lipid peroxides (LP), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), 2,2 diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), total antioxidant ability (TAA); β-esterase (β-EST); and total amount of protein (TAP) levels on the organic waste (kitchen and vegetable wastes); Hermetia illucens larvae; and larval excreta collected from 7-day post-treated kitchen and vegetables wastes with (1:10; g:mL) distilled water (DW) or 100 mg/mL Cu2+. The OSP levels were significantly higher in the experimental samples from Cu2+ groups than in the control one. Besides that, the OSP levels of H. illucens larvae feed on vegetable waste was significantly higher than those feed on kitchen waste except for β-EST, PC, and TPA. The best, cheap and easy parameters of antioxidants to ensure the entomoremediation ability are total antioxidant capacity. Possible impacts of accumulated and Cu2+ contaminated organic waste on H. illucens larvae were discussed. Also, the ability of insects to produce more antioxidants than input or output sources was approved. The potential use of the OSP as a bioindicator method of the bioremediation ability of H. illucens was proposed.
{"title":"Toxicity Effect of Cu2+ Contaminated Kitchen and Vegetable Wastes on Oxidative Stress Response of Black Soldier Fly Larvae, Hermetia Illucens","authors":"E. Abdelfattah, Dyaa Bassiony, Abdallah Nagah, M. Fawzy, M. Y. Hussein, Habiba Mohamed Ibrahim, Nada Y. Ibrahim, Hamid Ashry, Aya M. Aboelhassan, Aya H. Mahmoud, Dina H. Abd El-Monem","doi":"10.32861/jbr.81.7.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32861/jbr.81.7.25","url":null,"abstract":"Environmental pollution sources including waste or metal accumulation, industrial and agricultural activities can be dangerous. Also, contaminated organic waste (COW) with metals especially, copper ions (Cu2+), can cause toxicity to various ecosystem components, enhance the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and consequently cause oxidative stress. The biochemical effect of the COW was monitored by assessing the oxidative stress parameters (OSP) using hydrogen peroxides (H2O2), protein carbonyls (PC), lipid peroxides (LP), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), 2,2 diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), total antioxidant ability (TAA); β-esterase (β-EST); and total amount of protein (TAP) levels on the organic waste (kitchen and vegetable wastes); Hermetia illucens larvae; and larval excreta collected from 7-day post-treated kitchen and vegetables wastes with (1:10; g:mL) distilled water (DW) or 100 mg/mL Cu2+. The OSP levels were significantly higher in the experimental samples from Cu2+ groups than in the control one. Besides that, the OSP levels of H. illucens larvae feed on vegetable waste was significantly higher than those feed on kitchen waste except for β-EST, PC, and TPA. The best, cheap and easy parameters of antioxidants to ensure the entomoremediation ability are total antioxidant capacity. Possible impacts of accumulated and Cu2+ contaminated organic waste on H. illucens larvae were discussed. Also, the ability of insects to produce more antioxidants than input or output sources was approved. The potential use of the OSP as a bioindicator method of the bioremediation ability of H. illucens was proposed.","PeriodicalId":15122,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology Research Center","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91248342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.24126/jobrc.2021.15.2.609
Yasir Qaddoori, Duha Salih, Makarim Altaei
Finding an applicable clinical biomarker in body fluids can be useful in asthma management. This study was conducted to support the investigations of probable immunological changes in asthmatic patients that may be useful therapeutic indicators. 61 matching patients and 23 apparently healthy individuals were included. Significant elevation in the level of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) in asthmatics was found as compared with healthy controls, so as among asthma severity categories. The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis determined 29 ng/ml of serum ECP as the typical cut-off value of significant denotation for differentiation between asthmatic patients and healthy individuals, significant positive linear correlation between both ECP level and also ECP/Eosinophil ratio with clinically estimated asthma severity were observed. The median of serum total IgE and rate of 100 IU/ml overlapped serum total IgE individuals were significantly higher in asthmatics than healthy controls and so as among asthma severity categories, whereas no significant correlation between total serum IgE level and asthma severity was found. According to the results, determination of serum ECP can be considered as a diagnostic tool to distinguish asthma cases, besides it reflects the severity of the disease significantly, whereas calculation of ECP/Eo ratio may be an effective marker in reflecting asthma severity and the activity of eosinophils during the inflammation which may be useful in asthma control and in the assessment of the disease severity as well as the response to anti-inflammatory therapy, but it has no benefit for diagnosing asthma as no significant differences were recorded between asthmatics and healthy controls.
{"title":"The relationship of eosinophil cationic protein / eosinophil count ratio and disease severity in allergic asthma patients","authors":"Yasir Qaddoori, Duha Salih, Makarim Altaei","doi":"10.24126/jobrc.2021.15.2.609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24126/jobrc.2021.15.2.609","url":null,"abstract":" Finding an applicable clinical biomarker in body fluids can be useful in asthma management. This study was conducted to support the investigations of probable immunological changes in asthmatic patients that may be useful therapeutic indicators. 61 matching patients and 23 apparently healthy individuals were included. Significant elevation in the level of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) in asthmatics was found as compared with healthy controls, so as among asthma severity categories. The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis determined 29 ng/ml of serum ECP as the typical cut-off value of significant denotation for differentiation between asthmatic patients and healthy individuals, significant positive linear correlation between both ECP level and also ECP/Eosinophil ratio with clinically estimated asthma severity were observed. The median of serum total IgE and rate of 100 IU/ml overlapped serum total IgE individuals were significantly higher in asthmatics than healthy controls and so as among asthma severity categories, whereas no significant correlation between total serum IgE level and asthma severity was found. According to the results, determination of serum ECP can be considered as a diagnostic tool to distinguish asthma cases, besides it reflects the severity of the disease significantly, whereas calculation of ECP/Eo ratio may be an effective marker in reflecting asthma severity and the activity of eosinophils during the inflammation which may be useful in asthma control and in the assessment of the disease severity as well as the response to anti-inflammatory therapy, but it has no benefit for diagnosing asthma as no significant differences were recorded between asthmatics and healthy controls.","PeriodicalId":15122,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology Research Center","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79233015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：