Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Anti-inflammatory effects of Glycyrrhiza glabra homeopathic formulations in a rat model of lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation","authors":"Bharti Gawai,&nbsp;Amol A. Tagalpallewar,&nbsp;Anil T. Pawar,&nbsp;Akshay M. Baheti","doi":"10.1016/j.jaim.2025.101267","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaim.2025.101267","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Inflammation plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of various chronic diseases. Alternative therapies, such as homeopathy, have gained attention for their potential in managing inflammatory conditions. <em>Glycyrrhiza glabra</em>, commonly known as licorice, is well-documented for its anti-inflammatory properties in herbal medicine. However, its efficacy in homeopathic formulations remains largely unexplored.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory potential of different homeopathic potencies of <em>Glycyrrhiza glabra</em> against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in rats.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Male Wistar rats were divided into seven groups: normal control, LPS-induced inflammation control, dexamethasone-treated, <em>Glycyrrhiza glabra</em> homeopathic mother tincture (GHMT)-treated, and groups treated with <em>Glycyrrhiza glabra</em> homeopathic potency (G6CH, G30CH, G200CH). Anti-inflammatory effects of GHMT, G6CH, G30CH, and G200CH were evaluated against LPS-induced inflammation by measuring paw volume, serum pro-inflammatory cytokine levels [tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6)], levels of oxidative stress biomarkers (superoxide dismutase, glutathione, and catalase) in paw tissues, and histopathological changes in inflamed paw tissues.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results demonstrated a significant reduction in paw volume in GHMT and G200CH-treated groups (p&lt;0.0001) as compared to the inflammation control group. Additionally, the levels of serum TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly lowered (p&lt;0.0001), and oxidative stress biomarkers showed significant improvement (p&lt;0.0001) in GHMT and G200CH-treated groups. Histopathological examination further confirmed the reversal of inflammation-induced tissue changes by <em>G. glabra</em> homeopathic formulations, indicating its anti-inflammatory activity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings provide scientific evidence supporting the anti-inflammatory potential of homeopathic formulations of <em>Glycyrrhiza glabra</em>, particularly GHMT and G200CH. The study suggests that these homeopathic potencies could serve as promising alternative anti-inflammatory agents, warranting further research to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine","volume":"16 6","pages":"Article 101267"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145517072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vivo and in silico toxicity studies of hydroalcoholic extract of Vetiveria zizanioides roots","authors":"Pranali B. Yeram,&nbsp;Amisha Vora,&nbsp;Yogesh A. Kulkarni","doi":"10.1016/j.jaim.2025.101256","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaim.2025.101256","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><em>Vetiveria zizanioides</em> (L.) is a traditional Indian medicinal plant belonging to the family Poaceae. Hydroalcoholic extract of <em>Vetiveria zizanioides</em> has been studied for its various pharmacological effects, but a systematic scientific study on its safety has not been done.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To study the toxic effects of single and repeated doses of hydroalcoholic extract of <em>Vetiveria zizanioides</em> root, and to establish the toxicity profile of hydroalcoholic extract using <em>in silico</em> toxicity prediction tools.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Acute and repeated dose toxicity studies were conducted following OECD guidelines 423 and 407, respectively. The acute toxicity study was carried out on female Sprague Dawley rats at 2000 and 5000 mg/kg doses, with effects monitored for 14 days. A repeated dose toxicity study was performed through daily dosing of the hydroalcoholic extract (ethanol: water, 1:1 v/v) of <em>Vetiveria zizanioides</em> extract for 28 days at doses of 250 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg, and 1000 mg/kg. At the end of the study, hematological parameters, biochemical parameters, kidney function, and histopathology were evaluated in all animals. Additionally, <em>In silico</em> toxicity prediction of the bioactive present in <em>Vetiveria zizanioides</em> root extract was performed using ProTox-II. Phytoconstituents of <em>Vetiveria zizanioides</em> roots were identified using GC-MS analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Single dose administration of <em>Vetiveria zizanioides</em> extract at 5000 mg/kg showed no toxicity or morbidity. Similarly, repeated doses of extract over 28 days did not significantly impact hematological and biochemical parameters. However, a significant increase in ALT (P &lt; 0.05) was noted at the highest dose (1000 mg/kg) of the extract. Histopathological examinations of the liver at this dose revealed mild changes in hepatocytes compared to the control animals. The toxicity prediction revealed that all identified compounds of <em>Vetiveria zizanioides</em> hydroalcoholic extract were free from cytotoxicity and mutagenicity. More than 50 percent of the compounds were found to be class 5 (2000 &lt; LD50 ≤ 5000). However, few compounds were found to be hepatotoxic at high doses.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div><em>Vetiveria zizanioides</em> extract may generally be safe, but long-term use at 1000 mg/kg in rats could pose a concern for liver toxicity. The results of the study indicate that <em>Vetiveria zizanioides</em> is safe for use up to 500 mg/kg in 28-day repeated dose toxicity study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine","volume":"16 6","pages":"Article 101256"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145463170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the pharmacokinetic interactions between cisplatin and Triphala through in-vitro, in-vivo, and in-silico approaches – A pilot study to bridge modern medicine with Ayurveda","authors":"T.K. Girija Kumari ,&nbsp;Kamatchi Sundara Saravanan ,&nbsp;Lakshmi M. Sundar ,&nbsp;Gouri Nair ,&nbsp;G.N.S. Hemasree ,&nbsp;Ganesan Rajalekshmi Saraswathy","doi":"10.1016/j.jaim.2025.101253","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaim.2025.101253","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Herbal drugs are often used alongside conventional cancer therapies to mitigate the adverse effects and enhance therapeutic efficacy. Triphala, a traditional herbal formulation used in Ayurveda, is known for its anticancer and CYP2E1 inhibitory properties. Cisplatin, although highly effective in cancer treatment, is known to cause significant hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity which are mediated by toxic metabolites formed through CYP2E1 metabolism.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The objective of this study is to explore the pharmacokinetic drug interactions between Triphala and cisplatin.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>At the outset, the pharmacokinetic interactions between Triphala and cisplatin were confirmed by <em>in-vitro</em> experiments using HepG2 and 786-0 cell lines based on Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) generation and cell viability assay, and <em>in-vivo</em> study using Sprague Dawley rats based on serum cisplatin concentration. Later, the literature derived phytoconstituents were subjected to <em>in</em><em>-</em><em>silico</em> studies to investigate their molecular interactions with the metabolizing enzyme CYP2E1.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div><em>In-vitro</em> studies revealed a reduction in ROS generation and enhanced cell viability, indicating that the metabolism of cisplatin is hindered by Triphala, which was attributed to its CYP2E1 inhibitory potential. <em>In-vivo</em> studies showed a marginal increase in cisplatin concentrations in rat serum that received the combination of Triphala and cisplatin, supporting the <em>in-vitro</em> findings. <em>In</em><em>-</em><em>silico</em> studies revealed that Triphala constituents, especially gallic acid and 3,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid, stably bind and potentially inhibit CYP2E1 via key interactions with THR303.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The results suggest that Triphala may interact with cisplatin by inhibiting the CYP2E1 enzyme, potentially affecting the metabolism and toxicity of cisplatin. These findings highlight the need for further research to evaluate the clinical implications of using Triphala alongside cisplatin-based cancer therapies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine","volume":"16 6","pages":"Article 101253"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145512859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of yoga regimen on the lung capacity of defence personnel deployed at high altitude area","authors":"Lakhvinder Singh,&nbsp;Rithika Keshav,&nbsp;Mangesh Pandey,&nbsp;Natesh Babu","doi":"10.1016/j.jaim.2025.101223","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaim.2025.101223","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>High-altitude survival is difficult due to low oxygen levels. Good lung function and oxygen saturation are essential for optimum health. India's northern borders, characterized by mountainous terrain, remain vulnerable to infiltrators and enemies. Defence personnel assigned to these areas often face health challenges due to sudden shifts from low to high altitudes. Therefore, proper acclimatization is vital. Studies suggest yoga improves lung function and oxygen saturation, aiding adaptation.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study explores whether the regular practice of yoga can help defence personnel stay prepared for high-altitude deployment by examining lung function, oxygen saturation, and heart rate.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>The present study, using a single-group pre-post design, evaluated the effectiveness of a yogic training program consisting of 50-min sessions administered over 20 consecutive days to twenty-two defence personnel deployed in a high-altitude area. The assessments for various Lung Function, Oxygen Saturation and Heart Rate were conducted before and after the intervention.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results demonstrated significant improvement in lung function and SPO₂. Statistically significant improvements were observed in expiratory flow rate (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), bhramari time (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), breath-holding time (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), oxygen saturation (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), and heart rate (<em>p</em> = 0.033).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Yogic practices—especially postures with breath awareness, breathing techniques, and mindfulness—significantly enhance lung function, including breath-holding and oxygen saturation. Integrating yoga into defence personnel routines may boost tolerance to hypoxia and improve operational performance. Further research is needed to assess yoga's impact on physical and mental fitness in high-altitude conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine","volume":"16 6","pages":"Article 101223"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145438162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-vivo effects of IVT-15 - A traditional knowledge-inspired formulation for the management of rheumatoid arthritis","authors":"Dnyaneshwar U. Bawankule ,&nbsp;Amit Kaushik ,&nbsp;Mridula Sahu ,&nbsp;Dewasya P. Singh ,&nbsp;Aashcharya U. Mishra ,&nbsp;Vineet Babu ,&nbsp;Princi Gupta ,&nbsp;Ashutosh K. Shukla ,&nbsp;Velusamy Sundaresan ,&nbsp;Ritu Trivedi ,&nbsp;Karuna Shanker ,&nbsp;Debabrata Chanda ,&nbsp;Anirban Pal ,&nbsp;Mahendra P. Darokar ,&nbsp;Narayan P. Yadav ,&nbsp;Atul Gupta ,&nbsp;Daya N. Mani ,&nbsp;Suman P.S. Khanuja","doi":"10.1016/j.jaim.2025.101216","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaim.2025.101216","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><u>-</u> <em>Cyperus scariosus</em>, <em>Zingiber officinale</em>, and <em>Piper longum</em> are known and used in <em>Ayurveda</em> to manage rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Due to their intrinsic properties, these plants fight diseases from different aspects. Combination of the three is suspected to provide all-around approach to manage RA and related disorders.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div><u>-</u> The study aims to scientifically validate the efficacy of IVT-15 (combination of <em>C. scariosus</em>, <em>Z. officinale</em>, and <em>P. longum</em>) against RA and related disorders.</div></div><div><h3>Materials &amp; methods</h3><div>IVT-15 was prepared by mixing aqueous extracts of the three plants in 1:1:1 ratio and analysed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for authenticating plant materials. IVT-15, a chemically defined formulation was further scientifically validated for safety and efficacy. Acute and subacute toxicity studies were performed on Swiss albino mice and efficacy was studied on standard animal models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Chemical profiling revealed high presence of 6-gingerol, α-cyperone, and piperine, and toxicity studies proved IVT-15 to be safe up to 2000 mg/kg body weight single dose acute oral toxicity study. IVT-15 revealed its <em>in</em> <em>vivo</em> anti-arthritic efficacy by reducing arthritis score and index significantly against collagen-induced arthritis. Reduction of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation confirmed anti-inflammatory potential of IVT-15. Further in vivo testing indicated that IVT-15 has potential analgesic and immunomodulatory properties.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study proves that IVT-15 can be used as alternative medicine for managing RA. Future clinical studies on IVT-15 will help in realizing its full healthcare benefits against arthritis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine","volume":"16 6","pages":"Article 101216"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145400767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breaking silos in healthcare: A futuristic vision for Viksit Bharat","authors":"Bhushan Patwardhan ,&nbsp;Gururaj Mutalik ,&nbsp;Girish Tillu","doi":"10.1016/j.jaim.2025.101288","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaim.2025.101288","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine","volume":"16 6","pages":"Article 101288"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145400732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization and effect of Naga Bhasma on hypoglycemic, antihyperglycemic, and antidiabetic activities in Charles Foster diabetic rats","authors":"Pravin Tate ,&nbsp;B.J. Patgiri ,&nbsp;P.K. Prajapati ,&nbsp;B. Ravishankar","doi":"10.1016/j.jaim.2025.101226","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaim.2025.101226","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Diabetes, typically characterized by hyperglycaemia, is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Over 800 million adults were estimated to have diabetes in 2022. <em>Ayurveda</em> texts emphasized on the antidiabetic potential of <em>Naga Bhasma</em> (NB) (a lead based formulation). <em>Naga Bhasma</em> is used in many classical antidiabetic formulations such as <em>Vasantkusumakara Rasa</em>.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Present study was planned to evaluate hypoglycemic, antihyperglycemic, and antidiabetic activities of <em>Naga Bhasma</em> in euglycemic, sucrose loaded hyperglycemic and streptozotocin induced diabetic Charles Foster albino rats.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>NB was prepared following classical texts of Ayurveda. Charles Foster albino rats were used for antidiabetic study. The study was divided into: hypoglycaemic, antihyperglycemic, and antidiabetic parts. Hypoglycaemic study was aimed to assess glucose lowering activity in normal rats. Antihyperglycemic study was carried out to assess the effect of test drug on blood sugar elevation observed after administration of sucrose (40 g/kg orally). For antidiabetic study, streptozotocin was injected intraperitoneally (40 mg/kg) to induce diabetes. Vehicles were administered on 3rd day of streptozotocin injection, after confirmation of diabetes. Blood sugar was checked before and on 5th day after vehicle administration. The data was analysed by unpaired ‘t’ test.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Hypoglycaemic study did not show any significant effect on blood glucose in NB group. In Antihyperglycemic study, NB administered group showed only statistically non-significant increase in blood sugar level at 4th and 8th hour indicating presence of anti-hyperglycemic activity. In antidiabetic study, in control group, a statistically significant (48.90 %) elevation of blood sugar level was observed while in NB administered group highly significant (69.58 %) decrease was observed in comparison to initial values.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The study shows that NB has moderate anti-hyperglycaemic and good anti-diabetic activity; and it does not lower the blood glucose below the normal levels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine","volume":"16 6","pages":"Article 101226"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145458740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Traditional therapeutic practices in the Himalayan heartland of Kinnaur, Himachal Pradesh, India - A qualitative exploration","authors":"Abhishek Sharma ,&nbsp;Qutsia Tabasum","doi":"10.1016/j.jaim.2025.101262","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaim.2025.101262","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Traditional medicine systems have been essential components of health systems in rural areas, and areas with rich cultures and geographical isolation such as district Kinnaur. Derived from centuries of practice, these systems understand health and illness in terms of physical, mental, and socio-cultural well-being.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study documents the structural and functional aspects of the traditional medicine system prevalent in district Kinnaur, Himachal Pradesh, India, with a focus on understanding how traditional healers understand health, how they diagnose illness, and how they treat illnesses using traditional methods.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>The present research was conducted in district Kinnaur, in the western Himalayas of Himachal Pradesh, India. This study is an exploratory qualitative research utilizing a thematic analysis approach (Braun and Clarke, 2006) to explore the traditional medicine system. The researcher collected data from all practicing traditional healers using an in-depth interview guide for the sessions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The traditional medicine system of district Kinnaur provides a holistic assessment of health and treatment of illness, incorporating all the aspects of the individual (physical, psychological, and socio-cultural). Structural and functional aspects of the traditional medicine system are documented under 6 major themes and sub-themes, which are 1) Concept of health, 2) Aetiology of Illness, 3) Diagnostic techniques, 4) Treatment methods, 5) Training and Learning process, 6) Production of medicine.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Traditional healers of Kinnaur have long classified, examined, and applied natural resource knowledge to develop therapeutic remedies. Understanding sociocultural patterns will aid policymakers in framing policies that would help sustain the age-old traditional knowledge of medicine, and it will also inform and sensitize healthcare providers to the beliefs and practices of their patients. In-depth interdisciplinary studies on the area's natural resources should be undertaken to understand active compounds of herbal plants used by traditional healers, which can validate traditional medicine through biomedical research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine","volume":"16 6","pages":"Article 101262"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145495495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can cholesterol and its products serve as biomarkers for ojas?","authors":"Venil N. Sumantran ,&nbsp;Pratibha P. Nair","doi":"10.1016/j.jaim.2025.101240","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaim.2025.101240","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Ojas</em> is essential for human heath and vitality. In 1995, Walton et al. proposed an equivalence between ojas and cholesterol, and linked specific dhatus with steroid hormones derived from cholesterol. This paper examines five links between cholesterol and ojas. First, properties of ojas suggest a complex, mobile or immobile lipid. Only cholesterol has these properties. Insoluble, unesterified cholesterol maintains cell membranes. Cholesterol synthesized by the liver is converted into soluble cholesteryl lipoprotein esters (LDL-C and HDL-C), which circulate like apara ojas. Interestingly, cholesteryl-esters and apara ojas respond to diet and drugs. Second, eight biomolecules (five steroid hormones, bile acids, vitamin D, and myelin), which can only be synthesized from cholesterol, function at twelve physiological sites of ojas activity. Third, cholesterol and its products explain key functions of ojas. Thus, cholesterol controls reproduction, fertilization (<em>shukra</em>), and has a morphogenetic role in foetal development (<em>garbhasara</em>). Cholesterol and its products control stress responses, brain functions, and the musculoskeleton (<em>bala</em>). Cholesterol immunometabolism and vitamin D regulate immunity (<em>vyadhi kshamatva</em>). Fourth, oxidized LDL-C contributes to plaque formation in atherosclerosis, which is the leading cause of global deaths. Conversely, hypocholesterolemia and depleted ojas (<em>ojo kshaya</em>) significantly increase risk of mortality. Fifth, long term studies suggest that HDL-C can be a surrogate marker of healthy <em>apara ojas</em>. These facts indirectly prove that cholesterol homeostasis and robust ojas are absolute requirements for health and survival. We explain how these five links provide correlative, potentially causal, and clinical evidence for our hypothesis that cholesterol and products of cholesterol, are candidate biomarkers for ojas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine","volume":"16 6","pages":"Article 101240"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145604123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ayurvedic management of a chronic venous ulcer using dusting of powdered botanicals – A Case Report","authors":"Arvind Singh Sisodia ,&nbsp;Mahesh P. Jadhav ,&nbsp;Sanjay C. Babar ,&nbsp;Amit Paliwal ,&nbsp;Priyanka D. Patil ,&nbsp;Manvendra Singh Sisodia","doi":"10.1016/j.jaim.2025.101259","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaim.2025.101259","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chronic venous ulcers (CVUs) pose a persistent challenge in clinical practice, especially among elderly individuals with comorbidities such as hypertension and venous insufficiency. Characterised by delayed healing, frequent recurrence, and impaired quality of life, these ulcers often remain unresponsive to conventional treatment. In recent years, Ayurveda has gained attention for its approach to chronic wound care, offering fewer side effects and greater cost-effectiveness.</div><div>This report details the case of a 74-year-old male with a history of varicose veins. He presented with a chronic, non-healing venous ulcer over the left lower limb, unresponsive to standard wound management. Diagnosed with a chronic venous ulcer.</div><div>The patient was managed with <em>Avachoornan</em> (dusting powdered botanicals), composed of equal parts of <em>Shigru</em> (<em>Moringa oleifera</em>), <em>Nirgundi</em> (<em>Vitex negundo</em>), and <em>Guduchi</em> (<em>Tinospora cordifolia</em>) powders. The dressing was applied once daily for four weeks. Progressive improvement in the wound was observed, with noticeable epithelialisation within 1 week.</div><div>This case demonstrates the potential of <em>Avachoornan</em> (dusting powdered botanicals) as a complementary approach during dressing in managing chronic venous ulcers, warranting further clinical evaluation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine","volume":"16 6","pages":"Article 101259"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145462601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}