Journal of biomechanics最新文献_第5页

Breaststroke and butterfly intercycle kinematic variation according to different competitive levels with Statistical Parametric Mapping analysis 蛙泳和蝶泳周期间运动学变化与不同竞技水平的统计参数映射分析。

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q3 BIOPHYSICS

Journal of biomechanics

Pub Date : 2024-10-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2024.112380

Aléxia Fernandes , Mário J. Costa , Bruno Mezêncio , João Paulo Vilas-Boas , Ricardo J. Fernandes

Breaststroke and butterfly are complex swimming techniques requiring refined motor skills to perform successfully, with coordinated and consistent interaction between propulsive and resistive forces being decisive when considering swimmers expertise. The current study analysed those techniques intercycle kinematic variation in two swimmers cohorts. Twenty elite and 15 national level swimmers performed one 25 m breaststroke and one 25 m butterfly sprints, with an underwater camera recording images at 120 Hz in the sagittal plane. Mean velocity, maximum and minimum velocities, stroke rate and length, intracycle velocity variation and phases relative duration were calculated for consecutive cycles (elite: five breaststroke/butterfly, national level: eight breaststroke/seven butterfly). The two highest peaks and the lower peak in between in breaststroke were also addressed. Intercycle and inter-groups analysis were performed using ANOVA, ANCOVA and Statistical Parametric Mapping. Elite and national level differed regarding breaststroke mean and maximum velocities, 1st and 2nd peaks and minimum between peaks (1.30 ± 0.02 vs 1.15 ± 0.02 m/s, 2.13 ± 0.05 vs 1.88 ± 0.06 m/s, 1.63 ± 0.05 vs 1.48 ± 0.05 m/s, 2.13 ± 0.05 vs 1.86 ± 0.05 m/s, 1.33 ± 0.04 vs 1.23 ± 0.04 m/s), and butterfly mean, maximum and minimum velocities, stroke rate and intracycle velocity variation, respectively (1.65 ± 0.01 vs 1.50 ± 0.01 m/s, 2.20 ± 0.04 vs 2.09 ± 0.04 m/s, 1.12 ± 0.04 vs 0.79 ± 0.04 m/s, (57.9 ± 0.9 vs 54.9 ± 1.0cycles/min, 18.4 ± 1.3 vs 23.7 ± 1.3 %). Elite and national level swimmers showed consistent breaststroke intercycle kinematic variation, but a butterfly mean velocity decay, with the upper limbs release and recovery, and the outsweep phases originating variability between butterfly cycles. Skill levels contrasted in technical and strategic features at sprint breaststroke and butterfly but showed similar velocity variability between consecutive swimming cycles.

蛙泳和蝶泳是复杂的游泳技术，需要精湛的运动技能才能成功完成，其中推进力和阻力之间协调一致的相互作用对游泳运动员的专业技能起着决定性作用。目前的研究分析了这两项技术在两组游泳运动员中的周期运动学变化。20 名精英游泳运动员和 15 名国家级游泳运动员分别进行了一次 25 米蛙泳和一次 25 米蝶泳冲刺，水下摄像机以 120 Hz 的频率记录了矢状面上的图像。计算了连续周期的平均速度、最大和最小速度、划水速率和长度、周期内速度变化和阶段相对持续时间（精英：5 次蛙泳/蝶泳，国家级：8 次蛙泳/7 次蝶泳）。此外，还研究了蛙泳的两个最高峰和中间的较低峰。采用方差分析、方差分析和统计参数图进行了周期间和组间分析。在蛙泳的平均速度和最大速度、第一和第二高峰以及高峰之间的最小速度方面，精英组和国家组存在差异（1.30 ± 0.02 vs 1.15 ± 0.02 m/s、2.13 ± 0.05 vs 1.88 ± 0.06 m/s、1.63 ± 0.05 vs 1.48 ± 0.05 m/s、2.13 ± 0.05 vs 1.86 ± 0.05 m/s、1.33 ± 0.04 vs 1.23 ± 0.04 m/s）。04米/秒），蝶泳平均速度、最大速度和最小速度、划水速率和周期内速度变化分别为（1.65 ± 0.01 vs 1.50 ± 0.01米/秒，2.20 ± 0.04 vs 2.09 ± 0.04米/秒，1.12 ± 0.04 vs 0.79 ± 0.04米/秒，57.9 ± 0.9 vs 54.9 ± 1.0周期/分钟，18.4 ± 1.3 vs 23.7 ± 1.3%）。精英选手和国家级选手在蛙泳周期之间表现出一致的运动变化，但蝶泳平均速度衰减，上肢释放和恢复以及外扫阶段是蝶泳周期之间变化的根源。技术水平在冲刺蛙泳和蝶泳的技术和策略特征上形成了鲜明对比，但在连续游泳周期之间却表现出相似的速度变化。

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引用次数: 0

Altering prosthetic alignment does not affect hip and low back joint loading during sit-to-stand in people with a transtibial amputation 在经胫骨截肢者从坐到站的过程中，改变假肢排列不会影响髋关节和腰部关节的负荷。

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q3 BIOPHYSICS

Journal of biomechanics

Pub Date : 2024-10-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2024.112381

Luis A. Nolasco , Anne K. Silverman , Deanna H. Gates

People with a transtibial amputation (TTA) have greater prevalence of low back and hip joint pain compared to the general population. Altered movement, loading patterns, and neuromuscular activation during daily tasks like sit-to-stand likely contribute to these high rates of pain. In addition, muscle activation, ground reaction forces, and trunk range of motion can be affected by prosthetic alignment during sit-to-stand. However, it is unclear how prosthetic alignment affects joint contact forces during this task. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of prosthetic alignment on hip and low-back joint loading in people with TTA during sit-to-stand. Kinematics, ground reaction forces, and muscle activity data were collected from 10 people with TTA and 10 age- and sex- matched individuals without limb loss during five self-paced sit-to-stand trials. Participants with TTA completed the sit-to-stand task with their prescribed alignment and six altered alignment conditions (±10 mm anterior/posterior, medial/lateral, and ± 20 mm short/tall). A musculoskeletal model was used to calculate hip and L4-L5 joint loading. There were no differences in hip or L4-L5 joint loading between alignments. Participants with TTA had a greater peak hip joint contact force on the intact side hip compared to the amputated side hip across all alignments. Participants with TTA had greater L4-L5 joint contact force compared to those without amputation. While prosthetic alignment did not affect joint loading during sit-to-stand, future work on additional dynamic tasks is needed to better understand the potential role of prosthetic alignment on joint loading.

与普通人相比，经胫骨截肢（TTA）患者的腰部和髋关节疼痛发生率更高。在坐立等日常任务中，运动、负荷模式和神经肌肉激活的改变很可能是造成这些高疼痛率的原因。此外，在坐立过程中，肌肉激活、地面反作用力和躯干活动范围都会受到假肢排列的影响。然而，目前还不清楚假肢排列如何影响这项任务中的关节接触力。本研究的目的是调查在坐立过程中，假肢排列对 TTA 患者髋关节和腰背部关节负荷的影响。研究人员收集了 10 名 TTA 患者和 10 名年龄和性别匹配的无肢体缺失者在五次自定步调的坐立试验中的运动学、地面反作用力和肌肉活动数据。TTA患者在规定的对齐方式和六种改变的对齐方式（±10毫米前/后、内/外侧和±20毫米短/高）下完成了坐立任务。肌肉骨骼模型用于计算髋关节和 L4-L5 关节的负荷。对齐方式之间的髋关节或 L4-L5 关节负荷没有差异。与截肢侧髋关节相比，患有 TTA 的参试者在所有对齐方式下，完整侧髋关节的峰值髋关节接触力更大。与未截肢者相比，TTA 患者的 L4-L5 关节接触力更大。虽然假体排列并不影响坐立时的关节负荷，但未来还需要在更多动态任务中进行研究，以更好地了解假体排列对关节负荷的潜在作用。

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引用次数: 0

Intrasubject and intersubject variability of stabilography parameters in normal conditions and simulated space mission isolation 正常条件下和模拟太空任务隔离情况下稳定成像参数的受试者内和受试者间变异性。

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q3 BIOPHYSICS

Journal of biomechanics

Pub Date : 2024-10-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2024.112378

Dobrochna Fryc, Robert Michnik

The state of isolation and confinement causes several symptoms as a psycho-physiological stressor. The crew’s health and condition may play a crucial role in prolonged space sojourns success. However, it’s important to distinguish the role of microgravity from the distress aspect to better understand human physiology in training during space missions. Although stabilography is a commonly used biomechanical technique, there is not enough data on the measurement repeatability. It has already been proven that the stabilograms differ between subjects due to multiple anatomical and physiological characteristics but the intersubject variability remains unclear. The study provides statistical data on 10 different stabilography measurements of 18 participants performed on different days during an analog space mission (5 females and 4 males) and in normal conditions (5 females and 4 males). Descriptive statistics and interclass correlation were used to determine intra- and intersubject variability. Mann-Whitney test was used for group comparison. Isolation was found to significantly impact symmetry and forefoot/backfoot index in trials with eyes open and ellipse area and forefoot/backfoot index in trials with eyes closed. The results show a diverse level of stabilography parameters measurement repeatability. The least stable parameter was the ellipse area (%SD = 45.79 %) and the most stable stance symmetry (%SD = 4.60 %). The results confirm ellipse area and center of pressure path poor repeatability and relative stability of parameters describing load distribution. It also proves the importance of performing multiple trials in stabilography studies to reduce the risk of erroneous results caused by intersubject variability.

与世隔绝和禁闭的状态作为一种心理生理压力，会导致多种症状。机组人员的健康和状况对长期太空旅行的成功起着至关重要的作用。不过，重要的是要将微重力的作用与危难方面区分开来，以便更好地了解太空任务训练中的人体生理学。虽然稳定成像技术是一种常用的生物力学技术，但有关测量重复性的数据还不够多。已经证明，不同受试者的稳定图会因多种解剖和生理特点而不同，但受试者之间的差异仍不清楚。本研究提供了模拟太空任务期间（5 名女性和 4 名男性）和正常情况下（5 名女性和 4 名男性）18 名参与者在不同日期进行的 10 次不同稳定图测量的统计数据。描述性统计和类间相关性用于确定受试者内部和受试者之间的变异性。组间比较采用曼-惠特尼检验。在睁眼试验中，隔离对对称性和前脚掌/后脚掌指数有明显影响；在闭眼试验中，隔离对椭圆形面积和前脚掌/后脚掌指数有明显影响。结果表明，稳定图参数测量的重复性水平各不相同。最不稳定的参数是椭圆面积（%SD = 45.79 %），最稳定的是站姿对称性（%SD = 4.60 %）。结果证实，椭圆面积和压力路径中心的重复性较差，描述负荷分布的参数的相对稳定性也较差。这也证明了在稳定成像研究中进行多次试验以降低受试者间变异性导致错误结果的风险的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Partial coverage adhesive augmented sternal fixation and stabilization: A biomechanical analysis 部分覆盖粘合剂增强胸骨固定和稳定：生物力学分析

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q3 BIOPHYSICS

Journal of biomechanics

Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2024.112374

Emily Deignan , Amatulraheem Alabassi , Scott Brandon , Marcello Papini , Mark Hurtig , Mark Towler

Adhesive-augmented sternal fixation (AASF) has been investigated as an alternative to the clinical standard of cerclage wires; however, previous studies have focused on a full adhesive layer across the sternal midline, which acts as a barrier to bone healing. This study used a human cadaveric model to investigate if partial coverage AASF used in combination with wired fixation could provide adequate stability. Median sternotomies were performed on fifteen human cadaveric sterna. Three groups (n = 5) with varying adhesive coverage (50 %, 62.5 %, 75 %) of the sternal midline and traditional wiring were investigated. Cyclic lateral distraction loading of 10 N to 100 N was applied at 50 N/s. Every 30 cycles, the maximum load was increased by 100 N to a maximum of 500 N. Displacement was measured using transducers spanning the transection line at the manubrium, body, and xiphoid. Mean maximum total displacement (MMTD) for all groups was significantly below 2 mm (p < 0.001) with 1.49 mm ± 0.82 mm, 0.97 mm ± 0. 55 mm, and 0.67 mm ± 0.65 mm in the 50 %, 62.5 %, and 75 % groups respectively. MMTD in the 50 % group was significantly greater than MMTD in the 62.5 % and 75 % groups. AASF improved stability as coverage of the sternal surface with adhesive increased. Partial coverage of the sternal midline with adhesive may provide similar rigidity to a full layer while enabling earlier sternal ossification at the transection line compared to wiring alone.

粘合剂增强胸骨固定术（AASF）已被研究用于替代临床标准的环扎钢丝；然而，之前的研究侧重于胸骨中线的全粘合剂层，这将成为骨愈合的障碍。本研究使用人体尸体模型来研究部分覆盖的 AASF 结合钢丝固定是否能提供足够的稳定性。研究人员在 15 具人体尸体上进行了胸骨正中切开术。研究了三组（n = 5）不同的胸骨中线粘合剂覆盖率（50%、62.5%、75%）和传统的接线方法。以每秒 50 牛顿的速度施加 10 牛顿到 100 牛顿的循环侧向牵拉负荷。每 30 个周期，最大载荷增加 100 N，最大载荷为 500 N。所有组的平均最大总位移（MMTD）均明显低于 2 毫米（p < 0.001），50%、62.5% 和 75% 组分别为 1.49 毫米 ± 0.82 毫米、0.97 毫米 ± 0.55 毫米和 0.67 毫米 ± 0.65 毫米。50% 组的 MMTD 明显高于 62.5% 和 75% 组。随着粘合剂覆盖胸骨表面的增加，AASF 的稳定性也有所提高。用粘合剂部分覆盖胸骨中线可提供与全层相似的刚度，同时与单独布线相比，可使横断线处的胸骨骨化更早。

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引用次数: 0

A split-belt instrumented treadmill with uneven terrain 地形不平的分带仪表跑步机。

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q3 BIOPHYSICS

Journal of biomechanics

Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2024.112376

Seyed-Saleh Hosseini-Yazdi , Arthur D. Kuo

The biomechanics of walking are far less understood for uneven terrain than flat or even surfaces. This is due in part to a lack of ground reaction force and moment recordings from each leg. These are often obtained with split-belt instrumented treadmills, which are currently incompatible with uneven terrain, making it difficult to perform biomechanics analyses such as inverse dynamics. Here we show how a standard split-belt instrumented treadmill (Bertec, Inc., Columbus, OH) can be modified to accommodate a variety of uneven terrains. The principal design considerations are structural clearance to allow passage of an uneven treadmill belt and fabrication of the terrain. We designed mechanical components with sufficient clearance for terrains up to 0.045 m high, and formed the terrain from uneven strips of polystyrene. Measured ground reaction forces from each leg at typical walking speeds agreed well with an intact benchmark treadmill (minimum interclass cross correlation score = 0.97). The modifications had negligible effect on the treadmill’s structural strength. The terrain produced some noise-like vibrations, but at much higher frequencies than fundamental to human locomotion. The uneven terrain treadmill can record many steps of the full complement of ground reaction forces and moments from individual legs.

与平坦或平整的路面相比，人们对不平坦路面上行走的生物力学了解要少得多。部分原因是缺乏每条腿的地面反作用力和力矩记录。这些数据通常是通过分带式仪器跑步机获得的，目前这种跑步机与不平地形不兼容，因此很难进行反动力学等生物力学分析。在此，我们展示了如何对标准分带仪器跑步机（Bertec 公司，俄亥俄州哥伦布市）进行改装，以适应各种不平坦的地形。主要的设计考虑因素是结构间隙，以允许不平整的跑步机带通过，以及地形的制造。我们设计了具有足够间隙的机械部件，以适应高达 0.045 米的地形，并用不平整的聚苯乙烯条形成地形。在典型步行速度下测量到的每条腿的地面反作用力与完整的基准跑步机非常吻合（最小类间交叉相关得分 = 0.97）。改装对跑步机结构强度的影响可以忽略不计。地形会产生一些类似噪音的振动，但频率远高于人类运动的基本频率。不平整地形跑步机可以记录许多步的全部地面反作用力和来自单腿的力矩。

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引用次数: 0

Contribution of the plantar fascia and long plantar ligaments to the stability of the longitudinal arch of the foot 足底筋膜和足底长韧带对足底纵弓稳定性的贡献。

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q3 BIOPHYSICS

Journal of biomechanics

Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2024.112373

Luigi Piarulli, Rena Mathew, Sorin Siegler

The contribution of the Plantar Fascia (PF) and Long Plantar Ligament (LPL), two ligaments extending from the hindfoot to the forefoot, to arch stability has been studied in the past using in vivo, in vitro, and in silico methodologies. In silico studies were based on one single model obtained from one single subject and did not account for the known inter-subject morphological and biomechanical variations. In the present study, we developed computational dynamic models of nine different legs obtained from nine different individuals to evaluate the role of the LPL and PF in arch support, accounting for biological differences between subjects. These models were validated by comparing the simulation results against experimental results from the corresponding cadaver legs. After validation, we simulated body weight conditions for each model by applying a vertical load to the tibia, starting from zero and increasing linearly to 720 N. Kinematic and dynamic parameters, including the variation of the medial arch angle and of the navicular height, as well as the passive forces developed by the LPL and PF, were used to evaluate the contribution of these ligaments to arch support under body weight. The results indicate that a total collapse of the medial longitudinal arch occurred only when both the LPL and PF were absent, but a stable arch was maintained when either one of these two ligament structures were present. The results varied significantly among the specific models, highlighting the importance of using multiple models to account for inter-subject morphological differences.

足底筋膜（PF）和长足底韧带（LPL）是两条从后足延伸到前足的韧带，过去曾使用体内、体外和硅学方法对这两条韧带对足弓稳定性的贡献进行过研究。硅学研究基于从单个受试者身上获得的单一模型，并没有考虑到已知的受试者之间的形态和生物力学差异。在本研究中，我们开发了从九个不同个体获得的九条不同腿的计算动态模型，以评估 LPL 和 PF 在足弓支撑中的作用，同时考虑到受试者之间的生物差异。通过将模拟结果与相应尸体腿部的实验结果进行比较，对这些模型进行了验证。验证后，我们对每个模型模拟了体重条件，在胫骨上施加垂直负载，从零开始线性增加到 720 牛顿。运动学和动力学参数，包括内侧足弓角度和舟骨高度的变化，以及 LPL 和 PF 产生的被动力，用于评估这些韧带在体重作用下对足弓支撑的贡献。结果表明，只有当 LPL 和 PF 都缺失时，内侧纵弓才会完全塌陷，但当这两个韧带结构中的任何一个存在时，内侧纵弓都能保持稳定。具体模型之间的结果差异很大，这凸显了使用多种模型来考虑受试者之间形态差异的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Determining the optimum number of cycles for calculating joint coordination and its variability during running at different speeds: A timeseries analysis 确定计算不同速度跑步过程中关节协调性及其变化的最佳周期数：时间序列分析。

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q3 BIOPHYSICS

Journal of biomechanics

Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2024.112375

Javad Sarvestan , Peyman Aghaie Ataabadi , Mehdi Khaleghi Tazji , Joseph Hamill

Understanding the intricacies of human movement coordination and variability during running is crucial to unraveling the dynamics of locomotion, identifying potential injury mechanisms and understanding skill development. Identification of minimum number of cycles for calculation of reliable coordination and its variability could help with better test organization and efficient assessment time. By adopting a cross-sectional study design, this study investigated the minimum required cycles for calculating hip-knee, hip-ankle and knee-ankle coordination and their variability using a continuous relative phase (CRP) method. Twenty-nine healthy adults ran on a treadmill at speeds of 9, 12.5, and 16 km.h⁻¹ while 3D kinematic data of their lower limbs were recorded using 6 optoelectronic cameras. Using Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) analysis, reliability between CRP and its variability (CRPv) in different gait cycles (3, 5, 10, 20, 30) was assessed for each speed. A minimum of 10 cycles was required for CRP calculation across all speeds, whereas CRPv necessitated a minimum of 30 cycles for moderate to good reliability. While increasing the number of cycles improved ICC values for inter-joint CRP, the same trend was not consistently observed for CRPv, emphasizing the importance of separately assessing CRP and its variability metrics.

了解跑步过程中人类运动协调性和可变性的复杂性，对于揭示运动动态、确定潜在的损伤机制和了解技能发展至关重要。确定计算可靠的协调性及其变异性所需的最少循环次数，有助于更好地组织测试和有效利用评估时间。本研究采用横断面研究设计，使用连续相对相位（CRP）方法调查了计算髋-膝、髋-踝和膝-踝协调性所需的最小循环次数及其变异性。29 名健康成年人在跑步机上以 9、12.5 和 16 km.h-1 的速度跑步，同时使用 6 台光电摄像机记录他们下肢的三维运动学数据。通过类内相关系数（ICC）分析，评估了每种速度下不同步态周期（3、5、10、20、30）中 CRP 及其变异性（CRPv）之间的可靠性。计算所有速度的 CRP 至少需要 10 个循环，而 CRPv 至少需要 30 个循环才能获得中等至良好的可靠性。虽然增加循环次数可改善关节间 CRP 的 ICC 值，但 CRPv 并未持续观察到相同的趋势，这强调了单独评估 CRP 及其变异性指标的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to "A geometry-based model for non-invasive estimation of pressure gradients over iliac artery stenosis" [J. Biomech. 92 (2019) 67-75]. 基于几何学的髂动脉狭窄压力梯度无创估算模型》更正 [J. Biomech.

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q3 BIOPHYSICS

Journal of biomechanics

Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2024.112248

S G H Heinen, D A F van den Heuvel, J P P M de Vries, F N van de Vosse, T Delhaas, W Huberts

引用次数: 0

Anatomic restoration of lateral humeral offset and humeral retroversion optimizes functional outcomes following reverse total shoulder arthroplasty 从解剖学角度恢复肱骨外侧偏移和肱骨内翻可优化反向全肩关节置换术后的功能效果。

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q3 BIOPHYSICS

Journal of biomechanics

Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2024.112372

Shaquille J-C Charles , Clarissa LeVasseur , Ajinkya Rai , Gillian Kane , Maria Munsch , Jonathan Hughes , William Anderst , Albert Lin

Cadaveric and computer simulations suggest lateral humeral offset (LHO) and humeral retroversion (HR) are associated with strength and range of motion (ROM) after reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA), but in vivo data is lacking. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of implant parameters (i.e. LHO and HR) on strength and ROM. LHO and HR were measured using pre-operative and post-operative computed tomography (CT) scans. Postoperative strength was measured across three planes of motion using a Biodex isokinetic dynamometer. Postoperative active and passive ROM during forward elevation, external rotation (ER), and internal rotation (IR) were assessed using a goniometer or spinal level. 30 rTSA patients (14 M, 16F, age: 71.8 ± 6.7yrs) participated with an average postoperative follow-up of 2.4 ± 1.1 years. Regarding strength, higher post-op LHO values were predictive of greater postoperative strength across all movements. However, lateralization of the implant beyond pre-op values (i.e. post-op LHO > pre-op LHO) was associated with poorer strength performance across all ranges of motion. Similar to strength outcomes, greater deviations from pre-op LHO was predictive of poorer IR ROM. Lastly, patients with minimal deviations in HR (post-op HR within 10° of pre-op HR) and minimal deviations in LHO (post-op LHO ≤ pre-op LHO) displayed the greatest postoperative ER ROM. Anatomic restoration of LHO combined with anatomic restoration of HR may be ideal for maximizing strength and ROM following rTSA. Overlateralization beyond anatomic may have negative consequences. Optimal implant lateralization and version may need to be individualized based on preoperative values.

尸体和计算机模拟表明，肱骨外侧偏移（LHO）和肱骨内翻（HR）与反向全肩关节置换术（rTSA）后的力量和活动范围（ROM）有关，但缺乏活体数据。本研究旨在评估植入参数（即 LHO 和 HR）对力量和 ROM 的影响。通过术前和术后的计算机断层扫描（CT）测量 LHO 和 HR。使用 Biodex 等动测力计测量术后三个运动平面的力量。使用动态关节角度计或脊柱水平仪评估了术后前倾、外旋（ER）和内旋（IR）时的主动和被动 ROM。30名rTSA患者（14名男性，16名女性，年龄：71.8±6.7岁）参加了此次研究，术后平均随访时间为2.4±1.1年。在力量方面，术后 LHO 值越高，术后所有动作的力量就越大。然而，植入物的侧向性超过术前值（即术后 LHO > 术前 LHO）与所有运动范围的力量表现较差有关。与力量结果类似，与术前 LHO 的偏差越大，预示着 IR ROM 越差。最后，心率偏差最小（术后心率在术前心率的10°以内）和LHO偏差最小（术后LHO≤术前LHO）的患者术后ER ROM最大。LHO的解剖学恢复与HR的解剖学恢复相结合，可能是rTSA术后获得最大力量和最大ROM的理想方法。超出解剖学范围的过度侧移可能会产生不良后果。最佳的植入侧位和版本可能需要根据术前数值进行个性化设计。

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引用次数: 0

Barefoot vs shod walking and jogging on the electromyographic activity of the medial and lateral gastrocnemius 赤足行走和慢跑对腓肠肌内外侧肌电活动的影响。

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q3 BIOPHYSICS

Journal of biomechanics

Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2024.112371

Ana Ferri-Caruana , Elena Cardera-Porta , Javier Gene-Morales , Angel Saez-Berlanga , Pablo Jiménez-Martínez , Alvaro Juesas , Juan C. Colado

Gastrocnemius weakness is associated with Achilles tendinopathies and muscle strains, with the medial gastrocnemius (MG) more commonly injured than the lateral gastrocnemius (LG). Walking and jogging are common in daily activities and sports, and biomechanical differences between shod and barefoot exercise may influence MG and LG activation. Understanding these activation patterns could help optimize training programs for injury prevention and/or rehabilitation. The aim was to compare MG and LG electromyographic activity during walking and jogging, both shod and barefoot. Twenty-nine participants (25.28 ± 4.53 years, 171.31 ± 0.76 cm, 72.68 ± 6.36 kg) completed a warm-up followed by 1 min of walking (80–99 steps/min) and jogging (130–150 steps/min) in both conditions (barefoot and shod, random order). Electromyographic signals were recorded using wearable devices (mDurance Solutions S.L., Granada, Spain; 1024 Hz sampling rate). We measured the root-mean-square (RMS) amplitudes for an entire stride cycle and digitally filtered the signals. For analysis, we normalized electromyographic values to the average peak values obtained during two sprints. We analyzed differences with a repeated-measures analysis of variance. Significant effects of condition (barefoot-shod) and gastrocnemius (MG-LG) were observed (all p ≤ 0.023, ƞp² = 0.17–0.39), with higher MG activation compared to LG in the barefoot conditions (p = 0.004–0.027, d = 0.72–0.83), and nonsignificant differences between muscles in the shod conditions (p > 0.05). Shod exercise compared to barefoot resulted in lower MG activation (p = 0.001–0.003, d = 0.62–0.63) and non-significant differences in LG activation. These results indicate that barefoot walking and jogging increase MG activation compared to shod conditions, with no differences in LG activation. Additionally, footwear reduces differences between MG and LG.

腓肠肌无力与跟腱病和肌肉拉伤有关，内侧腓肠肌（MG）比外侧腓肠肌（LG）更容易受伤。步行和慢跑在日常活动和体育运动中很常见，而穿鞋运动和赤足运动之间的生物力学差异可能会影响内侧腓肠肌和外侧腓肠肌的激活。了解这些激活模式有助于优化预防损伤和/或康复的训练计划。该研究旨在比较步行和慢跑（穿鞋和赤足）过程中肌肉群和肌肉群肌电活动。29 名参与者（25.28 ± 4.53 岁，171.31 ± 0.76 厘米，72.68 ± 6.36 千克）在完成热身运动后，在两种条件下（赤足和穿鞋，随机顺序）分别进行了 1 分钟的步行（80-99 步/分钟）和慢跑（130-150 步/分钟）。肌电信号由可穿戴设备（mDurance Solutions S.L.，西班牙格拉纳达；1024 Hz 采样率）记录。我们测量了整个跨步周期的均方根（RMS）振幅，并对信号进行了数字滤波。为了进行分析，我们将肌电值归一化为两次冲刺中获得的平均峰值。我们采用重复测量方差分析来分析差异。我们观察到条件（赤脚-穿鞋）和腓肠肌（MG-LG）的显著影响（所有 p ≤ 0.023，ƞp2 = 0.17-0.39），赤脚条件下 MG 的激活程度高于 LG（p = 0.004-0.027，d = 0.72-0.83），而穿鞋条件下肌肉之间的差异不显著（p > 0.05）。与赤脚相比，穿鞋运动导致 MG 激活度降低（p = 0.001-0.003, d = 0.62-0.63 ），LG 激活度差异不显著。这些结果表明，与穿鞋的情况相比，赤足行走和慢跑会增加肌肉群的激活，而肌肉群的激活没有差异。此外，鞋类减少了中枢神经和后视神经之间的差异。

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