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Clinicopathologic impact of tumor location in all stages of colorectal cancer 结直肠癌各阶段肿瘤位置的临床病理影响
Pub Date : 2019-02-11 DOI: 10.15406/jcpcr.2019.10.00383
E. Oktay
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引用次数: 0
Irradiation augmentation of genistein-induced apoptosis in androgen-independent DU-145 prostate cancer cells in vitro 辐照增强雄激素非依赖性DU-145前列腺癌细胞凋亡的研究
Pub Date : 2019-01-09 DOI: 10.15406/jcpcr.2018.09.00381
Rida Altaf, J. Kumi-Diaka, R. Branly
Cancer is a complex disease that occurs as a result of accumulated mutations, genetic instability, and altered cellular metabolism, contributing to malignant transformation and to the initiation, growth, and maintenance/proliferation of tumors.1 Prostate cancer (PCa) is still the most common non-skin cancer among men in the United States.2 The American Cancer Society has estimated 164,690 new cases and 29,430 deaths from prostate cancer for 2018.3 The standard treatment modalities (surgery, radio-chemotherapy, hormonal therapy) have been effective in improving the lifestyle of patients. Although the locally confined disease is treatable, treatment of the metastasized prostate cancer is still incurable with mostly guarded prognosis.4,5 The development of resistance to both radiation and chemotherapy has limited the efficacy of current therapeutic interventions for PCa. This has necessitated the search for novel and safer alternative therapeutic regimens. One way to circumvent potential treatment-induced resistance is combination treatment, using two or more therapies that may be mutually inclusive or exclusive in terms of their mechanism of actions.
癌症是一种复杂的疾病,是由于累积的突变、遗传不稳定和细胞代谢改变而发生的,有助于恶性转化和肿瘤的发生、生长和维持/增殖前列腺癌(PCa)仍然是美国男性中最常见的非皮肤癌,据美国癌症协会估计,2018年前列腺癌新发病例为164690例,死亡病例为29430例。标准治疗方式(手术、放化疗、激素治疗)在改善患者生活方式方面是有效的。虽然局部局限的疾病是可以治疗的,但转移性前列腺癌的治疗仍然是无法治愈的,预后大多是谨慎的。4,5放射和化疗耐药性的发展限制了当前前列腺癌治疗干预措施的有效性。这就需要寻找新的、更安全的替代治疗方案。规避潜在的治疗诱导耐药的一种方法是联合治疗,使用两种或两种以上的疗法,这些疗法在作用机制上可能是相互包容或排斥的。
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引用次数: 2
Gene therapy in the era of nanotechnology/a review of current data 纳米技术时代的基因治疗/当前资料综述
Pub Date : 2019-01-08 DOI: 10.15406/jcpcr.2018.09.00380
H. Anis
including drugs which can either be dissolved or encapsulated within them forming a nanoparticle and a Nano capsule respectively. The delivered therapeutic proteins or drugs act by altering defective proteins or genes in the patient’s cells. The size of the polymer nanoparticle could be tuned to enable these drugs and therapeutic protein to fit in. PNPs, like all nanoparticles are capable of regaining their size once inside the cell through the physiological change in pH. They are also great candidates for gene delivery, because they are highly stable and they offer controlled release of active ingredients.
包括可以溶解或封装在其中的药物,分别形成纳米颗粒和纳米胶囊。输送的治疗蛋白质或药物通过改变患者细胞中有缺陷的蛋白质或基因起作用。聚合物纳米颗粒的大小可以调整,使这些药物和治疗蛋白质能够适应。PNPs,像所有的纳米颗粒一样,一旦进入细胞,就能通过ph的生理变化恢复其大小。它们也是基因传递的绝佳候选者,因为它们高度稳定,并能控制有效成分的释放。
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引用次数: 2
Pigmented eccrine poroma mimicking a pigmented basal cell carcinoma 与色素型基底细胞癌相似的色素型内分泌囊肿
Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.15406/jcpcr.2019.10.00410
K. Elboukhari
A 38 years old man presented a Black nodule on the face, which appears since childhood and was growing up 02 months before the consultation. It was painless and without pruritus. The dermatological examination showed a sessile-based nodule flesh-colored in places and black in others it was localized under the lower left eyelid. Dermoscopy showed typical ovoid nests and thick arborizing vessels. In front of this clinico dermoscopic panel, pigmented basal cell carcinoma was evoked. Histologic examination showed a proliferation of tumors connected to the epidermis, arranged in masse and made of regular cuboid cells presenting monomorphic nuclei with fine finely nucleated chromatin and an abundant basophilic cytoplasm. Massifs and spans are sometimes centered on cavities filled with eosinophilic material. The tumor cells are pigmented and the mitoses were rare (Figure 1–3).
男性,38岁,自幼出现面部黑色结节,就诊前2个月已长大。无痛,无瘙痒。皮肤病学检查显示一无基结节,局部肉色,局部黑色,位于左下眼睑下。皮肤镜示典型卵巢和粗大的树状血管。在这个临床皮肤镜面板前,引起了色素基底细胞癌。组织学检查显示与表皮相连的肿瘤增生,呈块状排列,由规则的长方体细胞组成,单核细胞具有细核染色质和丰富的嗜碱性细胞质。块状和跨度有时以充满嗜酸性物质的空腔为中心。肿瘤细胞色素沉着,有丝分裂少见(图1-3)。
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引用次数: 0
Vitamin-C: properties, function and application in cancer therapy 维生素c的性质、功能及其在癌症治疗中的应用
Pub Date : 2018-12-11 DOI: 10.15406/jcpcr.2018.09.00378
S. Shilpi, Roshni Shivvedi, Amrita Singh, Anil Kumar, G. Saraogi, V. Jain, K. Khatri
Vitamin-C also known as ascorbic acid and it is a water-soluble antioxidant and enzyme cofactor present in plants and some animals. Unlike most mammals, humans do not have the ability to synthesize this nutrient endogenously and, therefore, obtain it through diet. Ascorbic acid (AA) is a primary antioxidant remains in human plasma.1 While numerous animal and cell studies have shown beneficial anti-oxidant effects of AA. It is a chain breaking antioxidant and it give their effect by reacting with oxygen, hydroxyl, and superoxide radicals of the substances. It react with radicals of tocopheroxy to re-generate vitamin E.2 There are 2 chemical forms of Vitamin-C: the reduced form (ascorbic acid; AA) and the oxidized form (dehydroascorbic acid; DHA) (Figure 1).1,2
维生素c也被称为抗坏血酸它是一种水溶性抗氧化剂和酶辅助因子存在于植物和一些动物中。与大多数哺乳动物不同,人类无法在体内合成这种营养物质,因此只能通过饮食获得。抗坏血酸(AA)是人类血浆中主要的抗氧化剂虽然大量的动物和细胞研究显示了AA有益的抗氧化作用。它是一种断链抗氧化剂,它通过与物质的氧、羟基和超氧自由基反应来发挥作用。它与生育氧自由基反应再生维生素e。维生素c有两种化学形式:还原形式(抗坏血酸;AA)和氧化形式(脱氢抗坏血酸;(图1)1,2
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引用次数: 3
Topographical study of albino nasal cancer in a developing community 发展中社区白化鼻癌的地形研究
Pub Date : 2018-12-11 DOI: 10.15406/jcpcr.2018.09.00376
W. Onuigbo
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引用次数: 0
The artificial intelligence could help in prevency and treatments carcinoms 人工智能可以帮助预防和治疗癌症
Pub Date : 2018-12-10 DOI: 10.15406/JCPCR.2018.09.00374
A. Cuc
I am just furious, when my girl-friend with Age 65+ she ist suddenly needless dying on the pneumologic Carcinom – when she was smoking and with sometimes pneumologic insufficiency – but thatfor she regularly was going to the Pneumologic Ambulance to control. But the Pneumolog was regularly controlling only Lungs – Volume Capacity and rustling of her Lungs, but he was never sent her to pneumologic RTG imaging each 2years, despite it must be logically and periodically, but he never did nor at once RTG in duration for last 5years! When Patient has dramatic pains – freguently the carcinom was out of possibilities of surgeon Treatments, because in duration growing about 1,5years there are los of cca half the Lung functional tissue....and after next 5months of beginning dramatic Treatments with combined radiation and chemotherapy without regularly intermediately timing controls after scanning result each 6 weeks at least – the Pneumologic Clinic evidenced to late and frequent despairing fatal Results. In just time the oncologic Patients is with more worse todays rest Health status in probable with comparison to absence a like hood type of the used unapt prolonged Treatments!
我只是愤怒,当我的65岁以上的女朋友,她突然不必要地死于肺癌-当她吸烟,有时肺功能不全-但她经常去肺救护车控制。但是,肺病专家定期只控制她的肺容积和肺部的沙沙声,但他从未每2年送她去做一次肺RTG成像,尽管这必须是合乎逻辑的和周期性的,但他在过去的5年里从未做过一次RTG成像!当病人有剧烈的疼痛-通常癌肿是外科医生无法治疗的,因为在持续时间增长约1.5年,有一半的肺功能组织的损失....在接下来的5个月开始放疗和化疗联合治疗后,没有定期的中间时间控制,至少每6周扫描一次结果-肺炎临床证明晚期和频繁绝望的致命结果。及时治疗肿瘤患者,今日休息健康状况可能较差,与未采用类似的治疗方式相比,不适宜长期治疗!
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引用次数: 0
How the cure for cancer was discovered 癌症的治疗方法是如何发现的
Pub Date : 2018-12-03 DOI: 10.26717/BJSTR.2018.11.002131
A. Hague
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引用次数: 2
Oncogenomics: a personalized cancer therapy 肿瘤基因组学:一种个性化的癌症治疗
Pub Date : 2018-11-28 DOI: 10.15406/JCPCR.2018.09.00373
A. Fymat
The vast majority of cancer cases are due to environmental risk factors, many of which (but not all) being controllable lifestyle choices and thus preventable. It has been suggested that more than 30% of cancer deaths could be prevented by avoiding risk factors including: tobacco, overweight, obesity, insufficient or/and inappropriate diet, physical inactivity, alcohol, transmitted infections, and air and water pollution. However, not all environmental causes are controllable such as naturally occurring background electromagnetic radiation. This article is concerned with those cancers that are due to genetics. In a companion article, I will discuss the case of cancers caused by epigenetics and ecogenetics and their oncological treatments (which I shall refer to as oncoepigenomics and oncoecogenomics, respectively).
绝大多数癌症病例是由环境风险因素造成的,其中许多(但不是全部)是可控的生活方式选择,因此是可以预防的。据建议,30%以上的癌症死亡可以通过避免以下风险因素得到预防:烟草、超重、肥胖、饮食不足或/和不适当、缺乏身体活动、酒精、传播感染以及空气和水污染。然而,并非所有的环境因素都是可控的,比如自然发生的背景电磁辐射。这篇文章是关于那些由基因引起的癌症。在另一篇文章中,我将讨论由表观遗传学和生态遗传学引起的癌症及其肿瘤治疗(我将分别将其称为肿瘤表观基因组学和肿瘤生态基因组学)。
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引用次数: 0
Addition of bevacizumab to adjuvant chemotherapy paclitaxel and carboplatin for cancer ovary. is there a difference? 贝伐单抗辅助化疗紫杉醇和卡铂治疗卵巢癌。有区别吗?
Pub Date : 2018-11-19 DOI: 10.15406/jcpcr.2018.09.00371
Y. Saleh, Waleed Hammam
Ovarian cancer is considered the 4th most common cause of cancer-related deaths in women, with an about 200.000 new cases and 125.000 deaths occurring yearly all over the world. Symptoms diagnosing the disease are non-specific, including abdominal discomfort or fullness, dyspepsia and bloating, which may be similar to other conditions thus resulting in a delay in diagnosis.1 About 90% of all ovarian cancers are epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and arising from the ovarian surface epithelium or mullerian derivatives.2 EOC is highly curable when it is confined to the ovaries, with expected 5-year survival up to 90%. However, it is rarely diagnosed at an early stage because the disease causes few specific symptoms when it is localized to the ovary. More than 70% with EOC present with advanced stage III or IV, which is associated with high morbidity and mortality.3 Current management of advanced disease includes surgical tumor debulking, followed by adjuvant platinum-and taxane-based chemother apy.4 An approach to improve the outcome of treatment in EOC has focused on modifying the dose, sched ule and route of administration of chemotherapy. The use of intra-peritoneal chemotherapy has been reported to improve outcomes although, an increase in the toxicity.5 Recently, the administration of intravenous (IV) pacli taxel on a weekly schedule improves PFS and OS.6 Another recently approach is the administration of chemotherapy in the neoadjuvant setting, before surgical resection in contrast to conven tional postoperative chemotherapy. Although it is associated with optimal cytoreduction and lower postoperative adverse events, it did not improve OS.7 Therefore, the combination of carboplatin and paclitaxel remains the standard chemo therapy regimen in advanced ovarian cancer, however, OS for patients with advanced disease is poor and the 5-year survival is only 27%.8 Also, the majority of women with advanced stages recur within 5 years with emerging a drug resistance.3 Angiogenesis was found contributing to solid-tumor growth and metastasis.9 EOC cell lines were found frequently expressing the VEGF.10 In literatures, high serum VEGF levels correlated with a higher risk of death or recurrence in ovarian cancer.11 Also, it has been implicated in the peritoneal dissemination and development of malignant ascites12 which is inversely linked with survival.13,14
卵巢癌被认为是妇女癌症相关死亡的第四大常见原因,全世界每年约有20万新病例和12.5万例死亡。诊断该疾病的症状是非特异性的,包括腹部不适或饱腹、消化不良和腹胀,这些症状可能与其他疾病相似,从而导致诊断延误1大约90%的卵巢癌是上皮性卵巢癌(EOC),起源于卵巢表面上皮或苗勒管衍生物当它局限于卵巢时,EOC是高度可治愈的,预计5年生存率高达90%。然而,它很少在早期被诊断出来,因为当它局限于卵巢时,它会引起很少的特定症状。超过70%的EOC患者表现为晚期III期或IV期,这与高发病率和死亡率相关目前晚期疾病的治疗包括手术切除肿瘤,然后辅以铂和紫杉烷为基础的化疗改善EOC治疗效果的途径主要集中在调整化疗剂量、计划和给药途径上。据报道,腹膜内化疗可改善预后,但毒性会增加最近,每周一次静脉注射紫杉醇(IV)可以改善PFS和os。6另一种最近的方法是在手术切除前进行新辅助化疗,与传统的术后化疗相比。尽管卡铂联合紫杉醇与最佳的细胞减量和较低的术后不良事件相关,但并未改善OS。7因此,卡铂联合紫杉醇仍是晚期卵巢癌的标准化疗方案,但晚期患者的OS较差,5年生存率仅为27% 8此外,大多数晚期妇女在5年内复发并出现耐药性血管生成被发现有助于实体瘤的生长和转移在文献中,高血清VEGF水平与卵巢癌的高死亡或复发风险相关此外,它还与腹膜传播和恶性腹水的发展有关,这与生存呈负相关
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Journal of Cancer Prevention & Current Research
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