Journal of Biological Control最新文献

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Effect of selected neonicotinoids on predatory coccinellids in Bt cotton ecosystem 新烟碱类杀虫剂对Bt棉生态系统中捕食性瓢虫的影响

Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Journal of Biological Control

Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.18311/jbc/2021/29749

R. Srinivasan, M. Rajan

With the introduction of Bt cotton in India during 2002, the production and productivity has increased considerably with the reduction in bollworm complex incidences. But, sucking insect pests became a menace that warranted spraying of chemical insecticides. These insecticides belonging different groups, adversely affected the population of natural enemies like coccinellids that played a vital role in naturally keeping the sucking insect pest population under control. Field studies were conducted in 2 villages viz., Mambattu and Salai in Tamilnadu during the years 2014 and 2015. Five neonicotinoids viz., imidacloprid 17.8 SL, acetamiprid 20 SP, thiacloprid 21.7 SC, thiamethoxam 25 WDG and clothianidin 50 WDG were tested alongside monocrotophos 36 SL and untreated control. At 1, 3, 7 and 14 days after treatment, monocrotophos recorded maximum population reduction of 78.8, 83.5, 70.4 and 62.6% respectively. Among neonicotinoids, clothionidin was found to be comparatively more toxic to coccinellids, followed by thiamethoxam and thiacloprid. Acetamiprid was found to be safest among chemical treatments with population reduction percentages of 45.6, 53.9, 36.5 and 24.7% respectively at 1, 3, 7 and 14 days after treatment followed by imidacloprid and thiacloprid. Two rounds of spray of neonicotinoids on Bt cotton had significant impact on the Coccinellids, when compared with untreated control plots. However, monocrotophos recorded relatively lowest population of coccinellids compared to untreated control and neonicotinoids. With significant population built-up after 7 days after acetamiprid and imidacloprid sprays, the 2 neonicotinoids may be suitable candidates for inclusion in integrated pest management of sucking insect pests in major Bt cotton growing areas as these insecticides are comparatively less toxic to predators as compared to broad spectrum neonicotinoids like thiacloprid, thiamethoxam and clothianidin and non-selective insecticide like monocrotophos.

随着2002年在印度引进Bt棉花，棉铃虫复合发病率降低，产量和生产力显著提高。但是，吸虫成了一种威胁，需要喷洒化学杀虫剂。这些不同种类的杀虫剂对瓢虫等天敌种群产生了不利影响，而瓢虫在自然控制吸血害虫种群方面起着至关重要的作用。在2014年和2015年期间，在泰米尔纳德邦的两个村庄，即曼巴图和萨莱进行了实地研究。以吡虫啉17.8 SL、啶虫啉20 SP、噻虫啉21.7 SC、噻虫嗪25 WDG和噻虫胺50 WDG为5种新烟碱，与单效磷36 SL和未处理对照进行对照。在处理后1、3、7和14 d，单效磷的最大种群减少率分别为78.8、83.5、70.4和62.6%。在新烟碱类中，噻虫胺对瓢虫的毒性最大，其次是噻虫嗪和噻虫啉。在化学处理中，吡虫啉最安全，在治疗后1、3、7和14 d，种群减少率分别为45.6%、53.9、36.5和24.7%，其次是吡虫啉和噻虫啉。与未经处理的对照区相比，在Bt棉花上喷施两轮新烟碱对球虫有显著影响。然而，与未经处理的对照和新烟碱相比，单效磷记录了相对最低的球虫种群。与噻虫啉、噻虫嗪、噻虫胺等广谱新烟碱类杀虫剂和噻虫磷等非选择性杀虫剂相比，这两种新烟碱类杀虫剂对捕食者的毒性相对较低，在Bt棉花主产区的吸虫综合治理中具有显著的种群积累。

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引用次数: 0

Optimum density of Eocanthecona furcellata (Wolff) (Hemiptera:Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) to be considered for mass production under laboratory conditions 在实验室条件下考虑大规模生产的最佳密度(半翅目:异翅目:蝽科)

Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Journal of Biological Control

Pub Date : 2021-09-29 DOI: 10.18311/JBC/2021/26613

A. Sravika, A. N. Shylesha, K. Jagadish, T. M. Shivalingaswamy, N. Nagaraju, M. Sheshshayee

Eocanthecona furcellata (Wolff) is a potential native predator of lepidopteran larvae that can be easily reared under laboratory conditions and released in augmentative biocontrol for management of pests in various crops. For successful mass production of any predator cannibalism under crowded rearing conditions is the major limiting factor. In the present study, attempts were made to know the ideal population considered for group rearing with minimal or no cannibalism. It was recorded that the predator population of 5 to 25 on Corcyra cephalonica (S.) and Galleria mellonella L. and 5 to 30 on Samia cynthia ricini Boisd. and Spodoptera litura F. was feasible for group rearing with higher percent survival rate when reared in different group arenas. The survival percent was higher on hosts, C. cephalonica, G. mellonella, S. litura and recorded lower on S. cynthia ricini under group rearing condition.Â

角棘棘蝇(Eocanthecona furcellata, Wolff)是鳞翅目幼虫的一种潜在的本地捕食者，可以在实验室条件下饲养并释放，用于各种作物害虫的强化生物防治。对于任何捕食者来说，在拥挤饲养条件下的同类相食是成功大规模生产的主要限制因素。在本研究中，试图知道考虑最小或不同类相食的群体饲养的理想种群。结果表明，食虫种群数量在头菖菖树(Corcyra cephalonica)和mellonella L.为5 ~ 25个，在麻蝇(Samia cynthia ricini Boisd)为5 ~ 30个。斜纹夜蛾在不同的群养场所饲养，成活率较高。在群养条件下，寄主C. cephalonica、G. mellonella、S. litura的成活率较高，而对S. cynthia ricini的成活率较低condition.Â

引用次数: 0

Biological control of rose aphid (Macrosiphum rosae) using coccinellid beetle (Coccinella septempunctata) under field conditions in Gujranwala, Pakistan 巴基斯坦古吉兰瓦拉地区七星瓢虫田间防治玫瑰蚜的研究

Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Journal of Biological Control

Pub Date : 2021-09-29 DOI: 10.18311/JBC/2021/26307

K. Rasib, M. Razzaq

Aphids or plant lice are serious pests of various crops including rose. They damage leaves directly by sucking cell sap and indirectly by excreting honeydew, which encourages sooty mold growth. This direct and indirect damage affect plant growth and development. Beetles from family Coccinellidae feed on these aphids and reduce their population in the crop field. The present study was conducted to estimate the feeding efficacy of predatory beetle, Coccinella septempuctata on rose aphid, Macrosiphum rosae in rose garden at tehsil Mokhal Sandhuan, district Gujranwala, Pakistan. Observations on selected rose plants were made for 30 minutes during dawn and dusk in the month of March 2019. Foraging of C. septempunctata on prey species of aphid was observed on different parts of rose plant (upper and lower quadrats). Predation rate of C. septempunctata was higher in the morning and also on the upper parts of selected rose plant.

蚜虫或虱是包括玫瑰在内的各种作物的严重害虫。它们直接通过吸收细胞汁液和间接通过分泌蜜露来破坏叶片，而蜜露会促进烟霉的生长。这种直接和间接的危害影响植物的生长发育。瓢虫科的甲虫以这些蚜虫为食，减少了它们在农田中的数量。在巴基斯坦古吉兰瓦拉地区的tesil Mokhal Sandhuan玫瑰园，研究了七星瓢虫(Coccinella septempuctata)对玫瑰蚜(Macrosiphum rosae)的取食效果。在2019年3月的黎明和黄昏，对选定的玫瑰植株进行了30分钟的观察。观察了七星瓢虫在玫瑰植株不同部位(上、下样方)捕食蚜虫的情况。七星瓢虫的捕食率在上午和所选玫瑰植株上部较高。

引用次数: 0

Ovicidal action of different fungal pathogens against two spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae (Koch) under laboratory conditions 不同真菌病原菌在实验室条件下对两种斑螨的杀卵作用

Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Journal of Biological Control

Pub Date : 2021-09-29 DOI: 10.18311/JBC/2021/27410

S. Saranya, K. Ramaraju, S. Jeyarani

Bioassay studies were performed with ten different fungal isolates of six species against two spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae. Among different formulations, Hirsutella thompsonii caused significantly higher mortalities of 61.1, 35.8 and 22.1 per cent at conidial concentrations of 971, 196 and 36 conidia mm^-2, respectively. At a conidial concentration of 1457 conidia mm^-2, Beauveria bassiana isolate Bb101 caused significantly higher mortality rate of 46.9 per cent followed by B. bassiana isolate B2 (36.1%) and Cladosporium cladosporioides isolate Cc101 (32.1%). Based on the probit estimates, H. thompsonii was found to exert high ovicidal activity with the lowest LC₅₀ of 674 conidia mm2 against T. urticae eggs.

对6种10种不同真菌分离株对2种斑螨、荨麻疹叶螨进行了生物测定研究。在不同配方中，当分生孢子浓度为971、196和36 mm-2时，汤普森毛孢的死亡率分别为61.1%、35.8%和22.1%。孢子浓度为1457个分生孢子mm-2时，球孢白僵菌分离物Bb101的死亡率最高，为46.9%，其次是球孢白僵菌分离物B2(36.1%)和枝孢子枝孢孢子分离物Cc101(32.1%)。根据probit估计，汤普森拟虫对荨麻疹卵具有较高的杀卵活性，其LC50最低，为674分生孢子mm2。

引用次数: 1

In-vivo production of a Kashmir isolate of EPN, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (SKUASTK-EPN-Hr 01) on test insect hosts from Srinagar (J&K) 印控克什米尔地区EPN异habditis bacteriophora (skuastk -EPN- hr01)分离物在斯利那加(J&K)试验昆虫宿主体内的生产

Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Journal of Biological Control

Pub Date : 2021-09-29 DOI: 10.18311/JBC/2021/2310

M. A. Mantoo, F. Zaki, Rasi Jan

Under laboratory conditions, the virulence of the Kashmir isolate of EPN, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (SKUASTK-EPN-Hr 01) to Galleria mellonella, Corcyra cephalonica and Bombyx mori showed that after 48-72 h, 100% mortality was recorded in all the test insects. Considering 48 h time and 20 IJs/larva as standard against G. mellonella, C. cephalonica and B. mori, the LC₅₀ and LT₅₀ values for the EPN were 10.17, 28.72 and 23.81 IJs/larva, and 38.64, 53.04 and 49.20 h after exposure, respectively. Again its virulence to the larvae of three different sizes of these insects, viz., small (0.12g, 0.04g, 0.17g), medium (0.18g, 0.05g, 0.59g) and large (0.22g, 0.07g, 2.58g) sized larvae showed that all the three sizes of G. mellonella were more susceptible than that of B. mori and C. cephalonica. Considering 20 IJs/larva as standard against small, medium and large sized larvae, the LT50 value for the EPN was 25.00, 26.45 and 27.21 h; 47.73, 48.92 and 53.16 h, and 46.04, 47.48 and 48.92 h for G. mellonella, C. cephalonica and B. mori, respectively. The production of nematode infective juveniles per larvae was directly proportional to the size and/or body weight of the insect species tested. The average production of nematode infective juveniles per gram of host body weight ranged from 1557.79 to 1933.55 x 10³, 217.38 to 335.43 x 10³ and 71.03 to 128.00 Ã— 10³ in G. mellonella, C. cephalonica and B. mori, respectively. The total time period between the larval mortality and the initiation of emergence, and between larval mortality and the cessation of emergence of nematode infective juveniles from the cadavers ranged from 7-10, 6-8 and 9-12 days, and 19-28, 16-24 and 23-41 days in G. mellonella, C. cephalonica and B. mori, respectively.

在实验室条件下，EPN，异habditis bacteriophora (skuastk -EPN- hr01)克什米尔分离物对mellonella Galleria, cephalcyra和家蚕的毒力显示，48-72 h后，所有试验昆虫的死亡率均为100%。以暴露48 h和20 ij /幼虫为标准，EPN的LC50和LT50分别为10.17、28.72和23.81 ij /幼虫，暴露后38.64、53.04和49.20 h。同样，对小(0.12g、0.04g、0.17g)、中(0.18g、0.05g、0.59g)、大(0.22g、0.07g、2.58g)幼虫的毒力测定结果表明，三种不同大小的黄蜡螟幼虫均比家蚕和头鳞螟幼虫更敏感。以20 ij /幼虫为标准，对小、中、大幼虫的LT50值分别为25.00、26.45和27.21 h;粗绒螟、头孢螟和家蚕分别为47.73、48.92和53.16 h, 46.04、47.48和48.92 h。每只幼虫产生的线虫感染幼体与被试昆虫的大小和/或体重成正比。每克寄主体重的线虫侵染幼虫平均产量分别为1557.79 ~ 1933.55 × 103、217.38 ~ 335.43 × 103和71.03 ~ 128.00 Ã - 103。幼虫死亡至羽化、幼虫死亡至羽化的总时间分别为7 ~ 10 d、6 ~ 8 d和9 ~ 12 d，黑绒家蚕、头绒家蚕和家蚕幼虫死亡至羽化停止的总时间分别为19 ~ 28 d、16 ~ 24 d和23 ~ 41 d。

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引用次数: 0

Virulence and recovery of a cold tolerant Kashmir isolate of EPN, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (SKUASTK-EPN-Hr 01) with respect to white grub, Heteronychus sp. in Srinagar (J and K) 耐冷EPN, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (skuastk -EPN- hr01)克什米尔分离株对斯利那加(J和K)白蛴螬的毒力和恢复

Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Journal of Biological Control

Pub Date : 2021-09-29 DOI: 10.18311/JBC/2021/23102

M. A. Mantoo, F. Zaki, Rasi Jan

The virulence of a cold tolerant indigenous Kashmir isolate of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (SKUASTK-EPN-Hr 01) tested against 1^st, 2^nd and 3^rd instars of white grub, Heteronychus sp. @ 0, 100, 150, 200, 250, 500, 750 and 1000 IJs/grub using Petri dish bioassay method, revealed large differences in the virulence of H. bacteriophora towards the different stages of Heteronychus sp. However, there was a positive correlation between nematode concentration and the insect mortality. The 3^rd instar grubs succumbed to nematode infection later (LT₅₀ = 6.47 days at 250 IJs/grub) than the grubs of 2^nd (LT₅₀ = 3.23 days at 250 IJs/grub) and 1^st instars (LT₅₀ = 2.44 days at 250 IJs/grub). When grubs were in 1^st instar, relatively shorter exposure periods and low nematode concentrations (LC₅₀ = 126.72 IJs/grub at 5 DAE) were needed for achieving lethal nematode infections as compared to 2^nd (LC₅₀ = 176.02 IJs/grub at 5 DAE) and 3^rd (LC₅₀ = 456.35 IJs/grub at 5 DAE) instar grubs where longer exposure periods and high nematode concentrations were required. The recovery of nematode infective juveniles per grub ranged from 47.47-51.32 x 10³, 89.19-92.85 x 10³ and 260.36-263.95 x 10³ IJs in 1^st, 2^nd and 3^rd larval instars of Heteronychus sp., respectively. The total time period between the grub mortality and the initiation of emergence and between grub mortality and the cessation of emergence of nematode infective juveniles from the cadavers ranged from 6-8, 14-16 and 22-24 days, and 21-26, 31-36 and 42-45 days in case of 1^st, 2^nd and 3^rd larval instars of white grub, Heteronychus sp., respectively.

用皮氏培养皿生物测定法测定了一株耐冷的印度本土产异蝽蝽(Heterorhabditis bacteriophora)分离株(SKUASTK-EPN-Hr 01)对1、2、3龄白蛴螬(0、100、150、200、250、500、750和1000 IJs/蛴螬)的毒力，结果表明，异蝽蝽在不同阶段的毒力存在较大差异，但线虫浓度与昆虫死亡率呈正相关。3龄幼虫对线虫感染的死亡时间(250 IJs/grub时LT50 = 6.47 d)比2龄幼虫(250 IJs/grub时LT50 = 3.23 d)和1龄幼虫(250 IJs/grub时LT50 = 2.44 d)晚。当幼虫处于1龄时，相对较短的暴露时间和较低的线虫浓度(5 DAE时LC50 = 126.72 IJs/grub)可以达到致死线虫感染，而2龄幼虫(5 DAE时LC50 = 176.02 IJs/grub)和3龄幼虫(5 DAE时LC50 = 456.35 IJs/grub)则需要较长的暴露时间和较高的线虫浓度。异爪龙1、2、3龄幼虫每蛴螬感染线虫幼虫的回收率分别为47.47 ~ 51.32 × 103、89.19 ~ 92.85 × 103和260.36 ~ 263.95 × 103 ij。蛴螬死亡至羽化、幼虫死亡至羽化的总时间分别为6 ~ 8 d、14 ~ 16 d和22 ~ 24 d，蛴螬1龄、2龄和3龄幼虫死亡至羽化的总时间分别为21 ~ 26 d、31 ~ 36 d和42 ~ 45 d。

{"title":"Virulence and recovery of a cold tolerant Kashmir isolate of EPN, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (SKUASTK-EPN-Hr 01) with respect to white grub, Heteronychus sp. in Srinagar (J and K)","authors":"M. A. Mantoo, F. Zaki, Rasi Jan","doi":"10.18311/JBC/2021/23102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18311/JBC/2021/23102","url":null,"abstract":"The virulence of a cold tolerant indigenous Kashmir isolate of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (SKUASTK-EPN-Hr 01) tested against 1st, 2nd and 3rd instars of white grub, Heteronychus sp. @ 0, 100, 150, 200, 250, 500, 750 and 1000 IJs/grub using Petri dish bioassay method, revealed large differences in the virulence of H. bacteriophora towards the different stages of Heteronychus sp. However, there was a positive correlation between nematode concentration and the insect mortality. The 3rd instar grubs succumbed to nematode infection later (LT50 = 6.47 days at 250 IJs/grub) than the grubs of 2nd (LT50 = 3.23 days at 250 IJs/grub) and 1st instars (LT50 = 2.44 days at 250 IJs/grub). When grubs were in 1st instar, relatively shorter exposure periods and low nematode concentrations (LC50 = 126.72 IJs/grub at 5 DAE) were needed for achieving lethal nematode infections as compared to 2nd (LC50 = 176.02 IJs/grub at 5 DAE) and 3rd (LC50 = 456.35 IJs/grub at 5 DAE) instar grubs where longer exposure periods and high nematode concentrations were required. The recovery of nematode infective juveniles per grub ranged from 47.47-51.32 x 103, 89.19-92.85 x 103 and 260.36-263.95 x 103 IJs in 1st, 2nd and 3rd larval instars of Heteronychus sp., respectively. The total time period between the grub mortality and the initiation of emergence and between grub mortality and the cessation of emergence of nematode infective juveniles from the cadavers ranged from 6-8, 14-16 and 22-24 days, and 21-26, 31-36 and 42-45 days in case of 1st, 2nd and 3rd larval instars of white grub, Heteronychus sp., respectively.","PeriodicalId":15188,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Control","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79387712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparative studies on biology of Chelonus blackburni (Cameron) (Hymenoptera:Braconidae) on Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) and Corcyra cephalonica (Stainton) under laboratory conditions 在实验室条件下，黑腹切蝇(Cameron)(膜翅目:小蜂科)对有皮蝇(Phthorimaea operculella)和头蚜(Corcyra cephalonica)的生物学比较研究

Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Journal of Biological Control

Pub Date : 2021-09-29 DOI: 10.18311/JBC/2021/23837

S. Debbarma, I. Ghonmode, U. Hole, Sandip More, YB Phadatare

Chelonus blackburni (Cameron) that parasitizes eggs of potato tuber moth is widely distributed and occurs commonly in potato fields throughout the country. Studies on its biology and ovipositional performance were carried out on both hosts i.e. Phthorimaea operculella and Corcyra cephalonica in laboratory conditions. Average number of eggs laid per female was found to be 210.9 Â± 16.62 on P. operculella and 118.4 Â± 7.49 on C. cephalonica. Incubation period of the parasitoid on P. operculella was 24.5 Â± 1.62 hours on an average, while on C. cephalonica, it was found as 25.2 Â± 1.33 hours. Total larval duration was 14.5 days and 19.2 days on P. operculella and C. cephalonica, respectively. Pupal period was 10.6 Â± 0.70 days on P. operculella, whereas it was slightly higher on C. cephalonica (13 Â± 0.57 days). The average life span was observed to be 6.8 days on P. operculella and 7.7 days on C. cephalonica.

寄生在马铃薯块茎蛾卵上的黑斑切蝇(Chelonus blackburni, Cameron)分布广泛，在全国马铃薯田普遍存在。在实验室条件下，对其在两种寄主即有盖Phthorimaea operculella和Corcyra cephalonica上的生物学和产卵性能进行了研究。每只雌虫平均产蛋数分别为210.9 Â±16.62和118.4 Â±7.49。寄生蜂对盖虫的平均潜伏期为24.5 Â±1.62 h，对头虫的平均潜伏期为25.2 Â±1.33 h。包皮假单胞菌和头头假单胞菌的总幼虫期分别为14.5 d和19.2 d。羽化期为10.6 Â±0.70 d，羽化期稍长，为13 Â±0.57 d。包皮绦虫的平均寿命为6.8 d，头孢绦虫的平均寿命为7.7 d。

{"title":"Comparative studies on biology of Chelonus blackburni (Cameron) (Hymenoptera:Braconidae) on Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) and Corcyra cephalonica (Stainton) under laboratory conditions","authors":"S. Debbarma, I. Ghonmode, U. Hole, Sandip More, YB Phadatare","doi":"10.18311/JBC/2021/23837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18311/JBC/2021/23837","url":null,"abstract":"Chelonus blackburni (Cameron) that parasitizes eggs of potato tuber moth is widely distributed and occurs commonly in potato fields throughout the country. Studies on its biology and ovipositional performance were carried out on both hosts i.e. Phthorimaea operculella and Corcyra cephalonica in laboratory conditions. Average number of eggs laid per female was found to be 210.9 Â± 16.62 on P. operculella and 118.4 Â± 7.49 on C. cephalonica. Incubation period of the parasitoid on P. operculella was 24.5 Â± 1.62 hours on an average, while on C. cephalonica, it was found as 25.2 Â± 1.33 hours. Total larval duration was 14.5 days and 19.2 days on P. operculella and C. cephalonica, respectively. Pupal period was 10.6 Â± 0.70 days on P. operculella, whereas it was slightly higher on C. cephalonica (13 Â± 0.57 days). The average life span was observed to be 6.8 days on P. operculella and 7.7 days on C. cephalonica.","PeriodicalId":15188,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Control","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74494511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Bioefficacy and mass culturing of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (Nematoda:Heterorhabditidae) on cabbage butterfly, Pieris brassicae (Lepidoptera:Pieridae) in temperate region of Kashmir, Indi 印度克什米尔温带地区白斑蝶(线虫科:白斑蝶科)对甘蓝蝴蝶的生物功效及大规模培养

Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Journal of Biological Control

Pub Date : 2021-09-29 DOI: 10.18311/JBC/2021/23101

M. A. Mantoo, F. Zaki, Rasi Jan

A laboratory investigation was carried out to assess the bioefficacy and mass culturing of Kashmir isolate of entomopathogenic nematode (EPN), Heterorhabditis bacteriophora on cabbage butterfly, Pieris brassicae in Srinagar. The pathogenicity of H. bacteriophora against 3^rd, 4^th and 5^th larval instars of P. brassicae showed cent per cent mortality of the pest in all the three larval instars at the dosages of 20 IJs/larva and above. The LC₅₀ values of H. bacteriophora against 3^rd, 4^th and 5^th larval instars of P. brassicae ranged from 46.61 to 9.32, 76.33 to 9.82 and 91.36 to 10.08 IJs/larva at 24 to 96 h and that the LT₅₀ values from 65.15 to 23.12, 84.54 to 29.20 and 105.36 to 33.52 h at 10 to 60 IJs/larva, respectively. The average production of nematode infective juveniles per larvae was found to be 7.02 x 10³, 25.74 x 10³ and 58.45 x 10³ and that from per gram of host body weight was 91.49 x 10³, 151.30 x 10³ and 233.78 x 10³ in 3^rd, 4^th and 5^th larval instars of P. brassicae, respectively. The total time period between the larval mortality and the initiation of emergence of the infective juveniles from the cadavers ranged from 7-8, 9-10 and 10-11 days and the peak period of emergence of infective juveniles ranged from 10-13, 14-19, 16-21 days after mortality from the cadavers of 3^rd, 4^th and 5^th larval instars of P. brassicae, respectively. The total duration of nematode emergence recorded during the period between larval mortality and cessation of emergence of infective juveniles from the cadavers ranged 17-19, 23-25 and 26-29 days after mortality in case of 3^rd, 4^th and 5^th larval instars of P. brassicae, respectively.

在斯利那加进行了昆虫病原线虫(EPN)、嗜菌异habditis bacteriophora)克什米尔分离物在甘蓝蝴蝶(Pieris brassicae)上的生物功效和大规模培养试验。在20 IJs/幼虫及以上的剂量下，嗜菌蜱对芸苔虫3、4、5龄幼虫的致病性均为100%。24 ~ 96 h，噬菌体对brassicae第3、4、5龄幼虫的LC50值分别为46.61 ~ 9.32、76.33 ~ 9.82和91.36 ~ 10.08 IJs/幼虫，10 ~ 60 IJs/幼虫的LT50值分别为65.15 ~ 23.12、84.54 ~ 29.20和105.36 ~ 33.52 h。在3、4、5龄幼虫中，每只幼虫平均产虫量分别为7.02 × 103、25.74 × 103和58.45 × 103，每克寄主体重产虫量分别为91.49 × 103、151.30 × 103和233.78 × 103。幼虫死亡至幼虫羽化的总时间分别为7 ~ 8天、9 ~ 10天和10 ~ 11天，幼虫羽化高峰期分别为3、4、5龄幼虫死亡后10 ~ 13天、14 ~ 19天、16 ~ 21天。3、4、5龄芸苔虫幼虫死亡至幼虫停止羽化的总时间分别为死亡后17 ~ 19天、23 ~ 25天和26 ~ 29天。

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引用次数: 0

Field evaluation of biopesticides against whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) in tomato 生物农药对番茄白蝇、烟粉虱(同翅目:粉虱科)的田间评价

Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Journal of Biological Control

Pub Date : 2021-09-29 DOI: 10.18311/JBC/2021/26480

M. Abhishek, B. C. Hanumanthaswamy, T. Venkatesan, K. Selvaraj

The efficacy of different biocontrol agents, botanicals and a biorational insecticide were evaluated against whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) in tomato under field conditions at Shivamogga, Karnataka during two seasons (Rabi 2018-2019 and summer 2019-2020). The results revealed that spiromesifen 240 SC @ 0.7 ml/L was the most effective in reducing the B. tabaci population i.e., 85.12 and 85.16 % reduction over untreated control during Rabi and summer, respectively followed by azadirachtin 5% @ 2 ml/l with reduction of 68.61 and 66.32 % over untreated control during Rabi and summer, respectively. The response of these treatments was also observed on the yield attributes, with highest fruit yield of 53.67 t/ha (6 pickings) in spiromesifen treatment followed by azadirachtin (52.93 t/ha), but the highest Benifit: Cost ratio was noticed in azadirachtin 5% (1:3.41), followed by spiromesifen 240 SC (1:3.38).

在印度卡纳塔克邦Shivamogga，于2018-2019年冬季和2019-2020年夏季两个季节在田间条件下，评价了不同生物防治剂、植物制剂和一种生物杀虫剂对番茄白蝇、烟粉虱(半翅目:烟粉虱科)的防治效果。结果表明，螺美西芬240 SC @ 0.7 ml/L对烟粉虱种群的减少效果最好，在拉比和夏季分别比对照减少85.12%和85.16%，其次是印楝素5% @ 2 ml/L，在拉比和夏季分别比对照减少68.61%和66.32%。在产量属性上也观察到不同处理对产量的响应，结果表明，螺虫胺处理的最高产量为53.67 t/ha(6次采摘)，其次是印楝素处理(52.93 t/ha)，但效益成本比最高的处理是印楝素5%(1:3.41)，其次是螺虫胺240 SC(1:3.38)。

引用次数: 0

Performance of Trichogramma chilonis under different rearing temperatures 不同饲养温度下黄颡鱼赤眼蜂的生产性能

Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Journal of Biological Control

Pub Date : 2021-09-29 DOI: 10.18311/JBC/2021/23776

Amol Waghmare, N. S. Satpute, S. Bhalkare, P. N. Mane

Influence of rearing temperature on biological parameters of Trichogramma chilonis (Ishii) was studied under laboratory conditions during 2017-18. Maximum per cent parasitization and adult emergence of 74.2% and 78.91%, respectively was observed at 25+1Â°C followed by 71.8% and 65.21 % at 30Â±1Â°C. However, the temperature of 40+1Â°C was found detrimental to T. chilonis recording only 20.2% parasitization, the progeny of which has failed to complete the development and the adults could not emerge out. The developmental period was maximum (8 days) at 25+1Â°C. Also, maximum male and female longevity (5 and 12 Days, respectively) and maximum mean per day fecundity of 17 eggs per female/day were recorded at 25+1Â°C. The progeny was found to be male dominated with a female-male ratio of T. chilonis to be 0.69, 0.74 and 0.96 at 25, 30 and 35Â°C, respectively.

在室内条件下，研究了2017- 2018年饲养温度对黄颡鱼赤眼蜂(Trichogramma chilonis, Ishii)生物学参数的影响。在25+1Â°C条件下，寄生率和羽化率分别为74.2%和78.91%，在30Â±1Â°C条件下分别为71.8%和65.21%。而温度为40+1Â°C时，幼虫的寄生率仅为20.2%，幼虫发育不全，成虫不能羽化。在25+1Â°C条件下，发育期最长(8天)。在25+1Â°C条件下，雄性和雌性的最大寿命(分别为5天和12天)和最大平均每天产卵量(每只雌性每天17个卵)。在25°C、30°C和35Â°C条件下，雌雄比分别为0.69、0.74和0.96。

引用次数: 0

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