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Assessment of incidence of collar rot disease of groundnut in Andhra Pradesh and evaluation of bioefficacy of Trichoderma spp. against Aspergillus spp. 安得拉邦花生腐领病发病率评价及木霉对曲霉生物药效评价
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.18311/jbc/2021/28324
B. Bhushan, M. R. Kumar, R. Jayalakshmi, A. Srividhya
Roving survey was conducted during Kharif, 2018-19 in three major groundnut growing districts of Rayalaseema in Andhra Pradesh to know the status of collar rot (caused by Aspergillus spp.) incidence under field conditions. Effect of variety, seed treatment, farming situation, soil type and cropping pattern on disease incidence was studied. Maximum collar rot incidence was observed in Anathapuramu district (17.24%) followed by Chittoor district (15.90 %) and Y.S.R. Kadapa district (12.56%). Even though fungicides were reported to be effective against collar rot of groundnut, there is limited data available on biological control of collar rot. Hence, a study was also conducted to isolate and test Trichoderma spp. that is effective against the collar rot pathogen. Eight Trichoderma spp. isolates were evaluated against six virulent Aspergillus spp. isolates (i.e., two isolates of A. niger, two isolates of A. flavus and two isolates of A. terreus) using dual culture technique. From the results it was revealed that, Trichoderma spp. isolate GT2 (88.64 %) exhibited highest overall mean per cent inhibition followed by GT1 (85.17 %) and GT7 (84.20 %). Whereas, the lowest mean per cent inhibition was recorded in GT3 (45.59 %).
2018-19年哈里夫期间,在安得拉邦Rayalaseema的三个主要花生种植区进行了巡回调查,以了解田间条件下由曲霉引起的花生领腐病的发病率状况。研究了品种、种子处理、耕作情况、土壤类型和种植方式对病害发生的影响。Anathapuramu区发病率最高(17.24%),Chittoor区次之(15.90%),ys.r. Kadapa区次之(12.56%)。尽管有报道称杀菌剂对花生领腐病有效,但关于领腐病的生物防治数据有限。因此,也进行了一项研究,以分离和测试对领腐病有效的木霉。采用双重培养技术对8株木霉菌株与6株毒力强的曲霉菌株(即2株黑曲霉、2株黄曲霉和2株地曲霉)进行比较。结果表明,木霉菌株GT2(88.64%)的总体平均抑制率最高,其次是GT1(85.17%)和GT7(84.20%)。而GT3的平均抑制率最低(45.59%)。
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引用次数: 0
Efficacy of HearNPV formulations against Helicoverpa armigera at different sunlight exposure period 不同日照时间下HearNPV制剂对棉铃虫的防治效果
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.18311/jbc/2021/28187
P. N. Mane, M. Moharil, N. Satpute, D. Undirwade
Experiment was conducted at Department of Entomology, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola during 2011- 2013 to see the effect of natural sunlight (UV) on HearNPV formulation. Experiment was laid out in Completely Randomized Block Design replicated thrice. The aqueous and dry form of HearNPV formulations were prepared by using additives viz. Tinopal an optical brightener and silver nano particle and evaluated their capability to protect NPVs from Ultra Violet rays. HearNPV formulation were sprayed uniformly on the potted chickpea plants during noon hours. Twigs were collected at thirty minutes, One hour, One and half hours and two hours after spraying and kept in petriplates. The laboratory reared second instar larvae of H. armigera were released on each treated twig. Larval mortality was recorded at 4, 7 and 10 days after treatment. An aqueous form of HearNPV formulation, HearNPV + Silver Nano Particles @ 8 ?l /ml of HearNPV + Tinopal 1% + Sucrose 1% (T1) recorded 83.04% larval mortality at ten days after spraying which was at par with HearNPV alone unirradiated (84.21 % larval mortality) when exposed to sunlight up to one hour. Among the lyophilized form of formulations, HearNPV + Silver Nano Particles @ 8?l/ml of HearNPV + Tinopal 1% + Sucrose1% (T6) when exposed to sunlight up to one hour recorded 84.80% larval mortality at ten days after spraying which was at par with which was at par with HearNPV alone unirradiated (T12) (85.38% larval mortality) and higher than HearNPV alone irradiated. Both aqueous and lyophilized form of HearNPV showed decreasing larval mortality as compared to HearNPV alone unirradiated when exposed to sunlight up to one and half and two hours. Lyophilized HearNPV formulations recorded higher larval mortality as compared to aqueous form of HearNPV formulations at all sunlight exposure period.
2011年至2013年期间,Akola昆虫学系的Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth博士进行了实验,以观察自然阳光(UV)对HearNPV配方的影响。实验采用完全随机区组设计,重复三次。通过添加光学增白剂Tinopal和纳米银颗粒,制备了水相和干相的HearNPV配方,并评估了它们保护npv免受紫外线照射的能力。中午在盆栽鹰嘴豆植株上均匀喷施HearNPV制剂。在喷洒后30分钟、1小时、1个半小时和2小时收集细枝,保存在培养皿中。将实验室饲养的二龄棉铃虫幼虫放生在每根处理过的树枝上。分别于处理后4、7、10 d记录幼虫死亡率。一种水相的HearNPV配方,HearNPV +银纳米颗粒@ 8 ?l /ml的HearNPV + Tinopal 1% +蔗糖1% (T1),在喷洒后10天的幼虫死亡率为83.04%,与单独的HearNPV暴露在阳光下一小时的幼虫死亡率(84.21%)相当。在冻干配方中,HearNPV +银纳米颗粒@ 8?l/ml的HearNPV + Tinopal 1% + Sucrose1% (T6),照射1小时后,10 d幼虫死亡率为84.80%,与单独辐照的HearNPV (T12)相当(85.38%),高于单独辐照的HearNPV。当暴露在阳光下一个半小时和两个小时时,水和冻干形式的HearNPV的幼虫死亡率都比未照射的HearNPV低。冻干的HearNPV制剂在所有阳光照射期间的幼虫死亡率都高于水性的HearNPV制剂。
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引用次数: 0
Colour preference of female green lacewing, Chrysoperla sp. (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) for egg laying under laboratory conditions 实验室条件下雌绿草蛉产卵时的颜色偏好
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.18311/jbc/2021/29020
Beerendra Sahu, Priyanka Nagdev, J. Ganguli, A. Mohanan
Colour preference of female green lace wing, Chrysoperla sp. (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) for egg laying under laboratory conditions were tested in the Bio-control Laboratory, IGKV, Raipur during 2018-19. Females of Chrysoperla sp. visually distinguished different colours viz., green, white, brown, black, red and pink coloured substrate for egg laying. In the present studies, among the colours tested, Chrysoperla sp. females preferred black colour as substrate for egg laying and laid an average maximum of 36.36 eggs followed by green colour (31.78), white colour (22.94), pink colour (20.81), red colour (20.42), brown colour (14.00), respectively. Thus, for the mass multiplication of Chrysoperla sp., under laboratory conditions, black coloured cloth/paper can be used.
2018- 2019年,在赖布尔IGKV生物防治实验室对绿翅蝶(Chrysoperla sp.,神经翅目:蝶科)雌性产卵时的颜色偏好进行了实验研究。雌蝶能从视觉上分辨出不同颜色的产卵基质,即绿色、白色、棕色、黑色、红色和粉红色。本研究所测颜色中,雌蝶偏好黑色作为产卵底物,产卵量平均最高为36.36枚,其次为绿色(31.78枚)、白色(22.94枚)、粉红色(20.81枚)、红色(20.42枚)、棕色(14.00枚)。因此,在实验室条件下,可以使用黑色布/纸进行蝶蛹的大量繁殖。
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引用次数: 0
Bio-efficacy of microbial insecticides against cabbage butterfly, Pieris brassicae (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) in NEH region of India 微生物杀虫剂对印度NEH地区菜花蝶(鳞翅目:蝶科)的生物功效研究
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.18311/jbc/2021/26655
K. Singh, M. Başar, S. M. Haldhar
The field experiments were conducted to study the bio-efficacy of microbial insecticides against Pieris brassicae Linnaeus in cabbage crop var. “Green Hero” in NEH region of India. The pooled data of two years indicated that Metarhizium anisopliae @ 1500 g/ha proved the most effective treatment in reducing the incidence of P. brassicae with a minimum mean leaf damage of 49.93 per cent as against 67.57 per cent in untreated control followed by Beauveria bassiana 10 SC @ 1000 ml ha-1 and M. anisopliae @ 1000 g ha-1 with a record of lower mean leaf damage of 51.68 and 51.85 per cent, respectively. The treatment M. anisopliae @ 1500 g ha-1 recorded maximum cabbage yield of 17.09 t ha-1, followed by B. bassiana 10 SC @ 1000 ml ha-1 treated plots (15.19 t ha-1) and M. anisopliae @ 1000 g ha-1 (15.02 t ha-1). The minimum yield (12.84 t ha-1) was obtained from the plots treated with Dichlorvos 76 SL @ 500 ml with an increased yield of 3.09 t ha-1 over control, but, did not differ significantly from rest of the treatments. The extent of avoidable yield loss due to the incidence of P. brassicae was estimated to be 45.98 per cent in untreated control which was reduced to 9.41-28.86 per cent in treated plots. Minimum avoidable yield loss being recorded in B. bassiana 10 SC @ 1000 ml ha-1 and maximum avoidable yield loss in Dichlorvos 76 SL @ 500 ml ha-1 treatments. The net profit of the treatments varied from Rs. 28,350.00 (Dichlorvos 76 SL @ 500 ml ha-1) to Rs. 77,150.00 (M. anisopliae @ 1500 gm ha-1) with the cost-benefit ratio of 1:11.12 to 1:13.19 in the treatments. Beauveria bassiana 10 SC @ 1000 ml ha-1 gave the highest benefit-cost ratio of 1:13.19, while the lowest was in Dichlorvos 76 SL @ 500 ml ha-1 with 1:11.12.
通过田间试验,研究了微生物杀虫剂对印度NEH地区“绿色英雄”白菜品种青花螟的生物药效。2年汇总数据表明,1500 g/ha的绿僵菌处理对降低芸苔菌发病率最有效,平均叶片危害最小,为49.93%,而未处理的为67.57%,其次是球孢白僵菌10 SC @ 1000 ml ha-1和绿僵菌@ 1000 g ha-1,平均叶片危害较低,分别为51.68%和51.85%。1500 g hm -1处理的白菜产量最高,为17.09 t hm -1,其次是球孢僵菌10 SC 1000 ml hm -1处理地块(15.19 t hm -1)和僵菌1000 g hm -1处理地块(15.02 t hm -1)。敌敌畏76 SL @ 500 ml处理地块的产量最低,为12.84 t hm -1,比对照增产3.09 t hm -1,但与其他处理差异不显著。据估计,在未处理的对照中,由芸苔菌发病率造成的可避免的产量损失程度为45.98%,而在处理地块中,可避免的产量损失程度降至9.41% ~ 28.86%。可避免的产量损失最小记录为球孢白僵菌10 SC @ 1000 ml ha-1,可避免的产量损失最大记录为敌敌畏76 SL @ 500 ml ha-1。各处理的净利为28,350.00卢比(敌敌敌76 SL @ 500 ml ha-1)至77,150.00卢比(绿僵菌@ 1500 gm ha-1),成本效益比为1:11.12 ~ 1:13.19。球孢白僵菌10 SC @ 1000 ml ha-1的效益成本比最高,为1:13.19,敌敌畏76 SL @ 500 ml ha-1的效益成本比最低,为1:11.12。
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引用次数: 1
Fluorescent pseudomonads, an antidote and drought stress mitigating PGPR from groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) rhizosphere 花生根际荧光假单胞菌解药和缓解干旱胁迫的PGPR
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.18311/jbc/2021/29563
B. Kumar, N. Trimurtulu, A. Gopal, P. Vani
Fluorescent pseudomonads drawn broad attention as production of secondary metabolites, phytohormones, siderophores, enzymes, antibiotics, hydrogen cyanide and volatile compounds. The present study was to exhilarate traits of plant growth promotion by fluorescent pseudomonads under drought stress. Fifty one efficient bacterial isolates were taken to evaluate their growth in different concentrations of polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG) at 0 % (-0.05 MPa), 10 % (-0.65 MPa), 20 % (-1.57 MPa), 30 % (-2.17 MPa) and 40 % (-2.70 MPa). On the basis of growth at higher PEG (40 %) concentration, four efficient bacteria were preferred. Plant growth promoting traits such as IAA, exopolysachharides (EPS) production, ACC deaminase activity, phosphate solubilization and potassium releasing characters were tested for the selected drought tolerant fluorescent pseudomonads. Among four efficient strains, two strains i.e., PCKR-2 showed P-solubilization Index was (3.80 mm), followed by AGVS (4.33 mm), PCKS (4.12 mm) and PVAS (2.28 mm). Data on potassium solubilization activity show that out of two isolates, PCKR-2 showed the highest solubilization zone (3.50 mm), followed by PCKS (3.17 mm), AGVS (2.83 mm) and PVAS (2.50 mm). The findings suggests that the use of fluorescent pseudomonads will aid better plant growth promotion under drought stress.
荧光假单胞菌作为次生代谢物、植物激素、铁载体、酶、抗生素、氰化氢和挥发性化合物的生产而受到广泛关注。本研究旨在研究干旱胁迫下荧光假单胞菌促进植物生长的特性。选取51株高效分离菌,分别在0 % (-0.05 MPa)、10 % (-0.65 MPa)、20 % (-1.57 MPa)、30 % (-2.17 MPa)和40 % (-2.70 MPa)不同浓度的聚乙二醇6000 (PEG)中进行生长评价。在较高PEG(40%)浓度下生长的基础上,优选出4种高效菌。对所选的抗旱荧光假单胞菌进行了IAA、胞外多糖(EPS)产量、ACC脱氨酶活性、磷酸盐增溶和钾释放等促进植物生长的性状试验。4株高效菌株中,PCKR-2 2株p -溶出指数为(3.80 mm),其次为AGVS (4.33 mm)、PCKS (4.12 mm)和PVAS (2.28 mm)。钾增溶活性数据显示,PCKR-2的增溶区最大(3.50 mm),其次是PCKS (3.17 mm)、AGVS (2.83 mm)和PVAS (2.50 mm)。研究结果表明,利用荧光假单胞菌可以更好地促进干旱胁迫下植物的生长。
{"title":"Fluorescent pseudomonads, an antidote and drought stress mitigating PGPR from groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) rhizosphere","authors":"B. Kumar, N. Trimurtulu, A. Gopal, P. Vani","doi":"10.18311/jbc/2021/29563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18311/jbc/2021/29563","url":null,"abstract":"Fluorescent pseudomonads drawn broad attention as production of secondary metabolites, phytohormones, siderophores, enzymes, antibiotics, hydrogen cyanide and volatile compounds. The present study was to exhilarate traits of plant growth promotion by fluorescent pseudomonads under drought stress. Fifty one efficient bacterial isolates were taken to evaluate their growth in different concentrations of polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG) at 0 % (-0.05 MPa), 10 % (-0.65 MPa), 20 % (-1.57 MPa), 30 % (-2.17 MPa) and 40 % (-2.70 MPa). On the basis of growth at higher PEG (40 %) concentration, four efficient bacteria were preferred. Plant growth promoting traits such as IAA, exopolysachharides (EPS) production, ACC deaminase activity, phosphate solubilization and potassium releasing characters were tested for the selected drought tolerant fluorescent pseudomonads. Among four efficient strains, two strains i.e., PCKR-2 showed P-solubilization Index was (3.80 mm), followed by AGVS (4.33 mm), PCKS (4.12 mm) and PVAS (2.28 mm). Data on potassium solubilization activity show that out of two isolates, PCKR-2 showed the highest solubilization zone (3.50 mm), followed by PCKS (3.17 mm), AGVS (2.83 mm) and PVAS (2.50 mm). The findings suggests that the use of fluorescent pseudomonads will aid better plant growth promotion under drought stress.","PeriodicalId":15188,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Control","volume":"199 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74200689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Spatial distribution of Aphidius matricariae (Haliday) and Myzus persicae (Sulzer) in bell pepper under polyhouse conditions 综合栽培条件下甜椒蚜(Haliday)和桃蚜(Sulzer)的空间分布
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.18311/jbc/2021/28680
P. Sharma, S. C. Verma, P. L. Sharma, R. Chandel
The spatial distribution of Aphidius matricariae and Myzus persicae was studied in bell pepper under polyhouse conditions. In the present study, M. persicae and its parasitoid, A. matricariae populations followed negative binomial distribution throughout the season. The variance to mean ratio (σ2/X), mean crowding (X*), ratio of mean crowding to mean (X*/X), ‘k’ of negative binomial, Taylor’s power equation for M. persicae and A. matricariae were σ² = 6.97X1.531 (R2 = 0.931), and σ² = 4.29X1.282 (R2 = 0.90) during 2018-2019, respectively. Iwao’s patchiness regression was X* = 45.12 + 1.333X (R2 = 0.853), and X* = 5.406 + 1.195X (R2 = 0.767) during 2018-2019, respectively. Optimum number of samples required for the green peach aphid, M. persicae and A. matricariae were 261.1 and 474 at 20% precision level. The present study will be useful for developing a sampling plan of M. persicae and its parasitoid, A. matricariae in bell pepper for its monitoring and management.
在综合栽培条件下,对甜椒中蚜和桃蚜的空间分布进行了研究。在本研究中,桃蚜及其寄生蜂麻蚜种群在整个季节均呈负二项分布。2018-2019年,桃蚜和马齿苋的方差均值比(σ2/X)、平均拥挤度(X*)、平均拥挤度比(X*/X)、负二项k、泰勒幂方程分别为σ²= 6.97X1.531 (R2 = 0.931)和σ²= 4.29X1.282 (R2 = 0.90)。2018-2019年,Iwao的斑块回归分别为X* = 45.12 + 1.333X (R2 = 0.853)、X* = 5.406 + 1.195X (R2 = 0.767)。在20%的精密度水平下,青桃蚜、桃蚜和黄蚜的最适取样量分别为261.1份和474份。本研究将为制定甜椒桃蚜及其寄生蜂灰浆蚜的取样计划提供依据,为甜椒桃蚜的监测和管理提供依据。
{"title":"Spatial distribution of Aphidius matricariae (Haliday) and Myzus persicae (Sulzer) in bell pepper under polyhouse conditions","authors":"P. Sharma, S. C. Verma, P. L. Sharma, R. Chandel","doi":"10.18311/jbc/2021/28680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18311/jbc/2021/28680","url":null,"abstract":"The spatial distribution of Aphidius matricariae and Myzus persicae was studied in bell pepper under polyhouse conditions. In the present study, M. persicae and its parasitoid, A. matricariae populations followed negative binomial distribution throughout the season. The variance to mean ratio (σ2/X), mean crowding (X*), ratio of mean crowding to mean (X*/X), ‘k’ of negative binomial, Taylor’s power equation for M. persicae and A. matricariae were σ² = 6.97X1.531 (R2 = 0.931), and σ² = 4.29X1.282 (R2 = 0.90) during 2018-2019, respectively. Iwao’s patchiness regression was X* = 45.12 + 1.333X (R2 = 0.853), and X* = 5.406 + 1.195X (R2 = 0.767) during 2018-2019, respectively. Optimum number of samples required for the green peach aphid, M. persicae and A. matricariae were 261.1 and 474 at 20% precision level. The present study will be useful for developing a sampling plan of M. persicae and its parasitoid, A. matricariae in bell pepper for its monitoring and management.","PeriodicalId":15188,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Control","volume":"224 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80051703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pathogenicity of Nucleopolyhedrovirus (NPV) against Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) 核多角体病毒(NPV)对斜纹夜蛾的致病性
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.18311/jbc/2021/29342
M. Kaur, N. Joshi, S. Sharma, A. Kalia
The management of Spodoptera litura by entomopathogenic Nucleopolyhedrosis Viruses (NPVs) is one of the eco-friendly methods. The present study was aimed to evaluate Nucleopolyhedrosis Virus (NPV) against S. litura and its potential as a bio-pesticide. The Occlusion Bodies (OBs) of S. litura nucleopolyhedrosis virus was isolated from infected larvae collected from cabbage field. Pathogenicity studies evaluated three NPV suspensions viz. SpltNPV-native, SpltNPV-commercial and SpltNPV-NIPHM against second and fourth instar larvae of S. litura recorded maximum mortality at 1×109 OBs/ml. The LC50 values of the SpltNPV-native, SpltNPV-commercial and SpltNPV-NIPHM suspensions against second instar larvae were 0.584, 0.540, 0.625 OBs/mm2, respectively, which increased to 0.696, 0.620, 0.756 OBs/mm2 against the fourth instar larvae. The LT50 at 1×109 OBs/ml was found to increase from 146.33, 137.51 and 155.88 h for SpltNPV-native, SpltNPV-commercial and SpltNPV-NIPHM suspension, respectively, against the second instar larvae to 178.51, 162.07 and 187.67 h, respectively, against the fourth instar larvae. The cumulative per cent mortality, LC50 and LT50 suggested that the second instar larvae were more susceptible and easier to kill than the fourth instar larvae.
利用昆虫病原性核多角体病毒(npv)防治斜纹夜蛾是一种生态友好的方法。本研究旨在评价核多角体病毒(NPV)对斜纹葡萄球菌(S. litura)的抗病毒作用及其作为生物农药的潜力。从白菜田感染的幼虫中分离出斜纹葡萄球菌核型多角体病毒的闭塞体(OBs)。三种NPV悬浮液(SpltNPV-native、SpltNPV-commercial和SpltNPV-NIPHM)对斜纹夜蛾2龄和4龄幼虫的致病性研究显示,最高死亡率为1×109 OBs/ml。spltnpv -原生悬浮液、spltnpv -商业悬浮液和SpltNPV-NIPHM悬浮液对2龄幼虫的LC50值分别为0.584、0.540、0.625 OBs/mm2,对4龄幼虫的LC50值分别为0.696、0.620、0.756 OBs/mm2。在1×109 OBs/ml下,SpltNPV-native、SpltNPV-commercial和SpltNPV-NIPHM混悬液对2龄幼虫的LT50分别从146.33、137.51和155.88 h增加到178.51、162.07和187.67 h。累积死亡率、LC50和LT50表明,2龄幼虫比4龄幼虫更容易被杀死。
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引用次数: 1
Effect of insecticides on predatory assassin bug, Sycanus collaris (Fabricius) (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) 杀虫剂对捕食性刺蝽的防治效果研究(半翅目:刺蝽科)
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.18311/jbc/2021/29159
V. Sriraksha, A. N. Shylesha, B. Shivanna, R. Rangeshwaran, H. A. Prameela
Six insecticides were evaluated for their toxicity against nymphs and adults of assassin bug, Sycanus collaris (Fab.) through contact and stomach mode. The studies revealed that emamectin benzoate (0.4g/L), chlorantraniliprole (0.25ml/L), flubendiamide (0.25 ml/L) and thiamethoxam (0.25 g/L) were considered as relatively safer insecticides for all the nymphal instars and adults of S. collaris. Fenazaquin (1.25ml/L) and quinalphos (2ml/L) caused higher mortality (85-100%) in all the stages of S. collaris. The higher mortality observed in nymphs and relatively lesser mortality rate of adults indicate that the application of the chemical should not be carried out immediately after the release of nymphal instars of S. collaris and adult releases would be ideal in Integrated Pest Management (IPM).
采用接触法和胃法评价了6种杀虫剂对颈盲蝽若虫和成虫的毒力。研究结果表明,苯甲胺素(0.4g/L)、氯虫腈(0.25ml/L)、氟虫胺(0.25ml/L)和噻虫嗪(0.25 g/L)对所有幼虫若虫和成虫均较安全。芬那喹(1.25ml/L)和喹那磷(2ml/L)在各阶段的死亡率均较高(85 ~ 100%)。若虫死亡率较高,成虫死亡率相对较低,说明不应在释放雌雄幼虫后立即施用该药剂,而在有害生物综合治理中,释放成虫是最理想的。
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引用次数: 0
Survey and surveillance of fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) and its associated natural enemies (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in maize in Anand district of Gujarat 古吉拉特邦阿南地区玉米中秋粘虫Spodoptera frugiperda及其天敌(鳞翅目:夜蛾科)的调查与监测
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.18311/jbc/2021/29113
P. Patel, D. Sisodiya, B. Raghunandan, N. Patel, D. Patel, K. Chavada
Field surveys were conducted during kharif, 2019 and rabi, 2019-20 to document the fall armyworm (FAW) incidence and damage in maize fields of Anand district of Gujarat. The highest pest incidence and damage was recorded in maize fields of Khambhat taluka of Anand district during the study, while the lowest pest incidence and damage was recorded in Tarapur taluka. During kharif season, the highest pest incidence and damage was recorded in August month and during rabi season, the highest incidence of FAW and its damage in various maize fields was observed in November. It was noticed that the pest incidence was high in kharif season compared to rabi season. The significant differences were noticed with regard to FAW larval population and plant damage levels between the two seasons of the study. During the survey, the natural enemies of FAW viz., Chelonus sp., Coccinellids, Forficula sp., Eocanthecona sp., Cosmolestes sp., Spider (Oxyopes sp.) and Geocoris sp. were recorded. Similarly, Bacillus thuringiensis, Metarhizium (Nomuraea) rileyi and Nucleo Ployhedrosis Virus (NPV) infected FAW larvae were also noticed.
在2019年的收割季和2019- 2020年的拉比期间进行了实地调查,记录了古吉拉特邦阿南德地区玉米田的秋粘虫(FAW)发病率和危害情况。研究期间,阿南地区坎巴特玉米田害虫发病率和危害最高,塔拉普尔玉米田害虫发病率和危害最低。在秋收季节,8月是害虫发病率和危害最高的月份;在秋收季节,11月是不同玉米田FAW发病率和危害最高的月份。我们注意到,在刈季害虫的发病率比刈季高。两季间一汽幼虫数量和植物危害程度存在显著差异。在调查过程中,记录了一虫的天敌:Chelonus sp.、Coccinellids、Forficula sp.、Eocanthecona sp.、Cosmolestes sp.、Spider (Oxyopes sp.)和Geocoris sp.。同样,苏云金芽孢杆菌、绿僵菌(野菌)和核多角体病毒(NPV)也感染了FAW幼虫。
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引用次数: 0
Fungicide tolerance of antagonists in the management of mango anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporoides 芒果炭疽病防治中拮抗剂的耐真菌性
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.18311/jbc/2021/29703
Lamenew Fenta, M. Kibret
In the present study, fungicide tolerance of antagonists (yeast and Lactobacillus) with two fungicides viz., Mancozeb and Ridomil gold were conducted using turbidometric method. Findings of study revealed that, ridomil and mancozeb treatments could inhibit the growth of yeasts and Lactobacillus to some extent but did not completely inhibit. In this study, it was found that potential yeast and Lactobacillus antagonists were tolerant to both mancozeb and ridomil fungicides up to 2000 ppm concentrations. This result implies that the antagonistic yeast and Lactobacillus isolates were not adversely affected by both mancozeb and ridomil fungicides. So, these isolates can form an important component of Integrated disease management of mango anthracnose.
本研究采用浊度法测定了拮抗菌(酵母和乳酸菌)对代森锰锌和利多密金两种杀菌剂的耐受性。研究结果表明,利多密和代森锰锌处理对酵母和乳酸菌的生长有一定的抑制作用,但不能完全抑制。在这项研究中,发现潜在的酵母和乳杆菌拮抗剂对代森锰锌和利多密杀菌剂的耐受性高达2000ppm。这一结果表明,拮抗酵母菌和乳杆菌分离物没有受到代森锰锌和利多密杀菌剂的不利影响。因此,这些分离株可以成为芒果炭疽病综合防治的重要组成部分。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Biological Control
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