Journal of Applied Poultry Research最新文献_第6页

Biosecurity practices in ducks and geese production systems in Bangladesh 孟加拉国鸭和鹅生产系统的生物安全实践

IF 2 3区农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Journal of Applied Poultry Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.japr.2025.100613

Sirajul Islam Sagor , Sumon Ghosh , Saima Akter , Sajal Kanti Biswas , Suman Das Gupta , Faisol Talukdar , Nurun Nahar Chisty , Tushar Kumar Das , Ajit Kumar Karna , M. Salim Uzzaman , Sukanta Chowdhury

Ducks and geese farming play a vital role in supporting rural livelihoods and food security in Bangladesh, yet these farms remain highly vulnerable to infectious diseases due to poor biosecurity practices. This study assessed farm-level biosecurity practices and calculated biosecurity scores in 147 ducks and geese farms across eight subdistricts from June to December 2021. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a scoring framework, where each practice was assigned a score of 0 (absent), 1 (below standard), or 2 (standard). Biosecurity level was categorized as “poor” and “good” based on their score (< 50 = poor and ≥ 50 = good). The overall mean biosecurity score across all farms was 42 out of 100. Among the 147 farms assessed, 116 (79%) exhibited poor biosecurity. External biosecurity scored lower (mean = 38) than internal biosecurity (mean = 46). Poor biosecurity score was observed in vehicle disinfection (mean = 6), farm location and infrastructure (mean = 27), wildlife interaction (mean = 41), cleaning and disinfection (mean = 37), waste disposal and sick bird management (mean = 41), and personnel hygiene (mean = 43). Observational data revealed 99% of farms lacked foot baths and high interaction with wild birds (67%). The study identified critical biosecurity gaps in ducks and geese production systems in Bangladesh for the first time. Reducing disease transmission risks requires strengthening biosecurity practices through regular cleaning and disinfection, proper waste disposal, minimizing contacts between farm and wildlife, and improving farm infrastructure. The government should develop a comprehensive biosecurity guideline tailored to ducks and geese production systems and encourage farmers to adopt good farming practices by providing training, certification, and financial incentives.

在孟加拉国，鸭和鹅养殖在支持农村生计和粮食安全方面发挥着至关重要的作用，但由于生物安全措施不佳，这些农场仍然极易受到传染病的侵害。本研究评估了农场层面的生物安全做法，并计算了2021年6月至12月8个街道147个鸭鹅养殖场的生物安全评分。使用评分框架进行横断面调查，其中每个实践被分配得分0（缺席），1（低于标准）或2（标准）。生物安全水平根据得分分为“差”和“好”两类（50 =差，≥50 =好）。所有农场的总体平均生物安全得分为42分（满分100分）。在评估的147个农场中，116个（79%）表现出较差的生物安全性。外部生物安全得分（平均38分）低于内部生物安全得分（平均46分）。在车辆消毒（平均= 6）、农场位置和基础设施（平均= 27）、野生动物互动（平均= 41）、清洁和消毒（平均= 37）、废物处理和病禽管理（平均= 41）以及人员卫生（平均= 43）方面，生物安全得分较低。观测数据显示，99%的农场缺乏足浴，与野生鸟类的高度互动（67%）。该研究首次确定了孟加拉国鸭和鹅生产系统的关键生物安全缺口。减少疾病传播风险需要通过定期清洁和消毒、妥善处理废物、尽量减少农场与野生动物之间的接触以及改善农场基础设施来加强生物安全措施。政府应该制定适合鸭和鹅生产系统的综合生物安全指南，并通过提供培训、认证和财政奖励来鼓励农民采用良好的养殖方式。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of biochar application methods on ammonia (NH₃) volatilization from used broiler litter 生物炭施用方式对废肉鸡粪氨（NH₃）挥发的影响

IF 2 3区农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Journal of Applied Poultry Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.japr.2025.100614

John E. Linhoss , Jordan D. Gruber , Janet C. Remus , Sushil Adhikari , Jeremiah D. Davis , Joseph L. Purswell

Elevated ammonia (NH₃) emissions from litter are a concern in modern broiler production and can negatively influence performance and welfare. While commercially available litter amendments are commonly used to mitigate ammonia emissions, their effectiveness is often short-lived, prompting interest in more sustainable alternatives such as biochar. The objective of this project was to investigate the effects of different biochar application treatments (surface-applied vs mixed) on NH₃ volatilizations from used broiler litter. Biochar was surface-applied to litter at rates of 0.48, 0.97, 1.46, and 1.95 kg/m² and mixed in at rates of 7.5, 15.0, 22.5, and 30.0 % v/v. Poultry Litter Treatment® (PLT) was surface-applied at a rate of 0.73 kg/m² and a control of non-amended litter was also included. Treatments were replicated three times using a total of thirty 13.2 L plastic vessels. A constant air flow of 1.5 LPM was supplied to each vessel and either exhausted to the atmosphere or a photoacoustic NH₃ gas analyzer. NH₃ was measured in each vessel nine times daily during a 12 d study. Mixing biochar into the litter provided enhanced contact with litter profile and led to significantly lower overall NH₃ concentrations than the surface-applied treatment (126 ppm vs 146.6 ppm, respectively). The 22.5 and 30 % v/v mixed applications resulted in the lowest NH₃ concentrations (P ≤ 0.05) for the biochar treatments. However, NH₃ concentrations from all the biochar application treatments were significantly higher than PLT (65.0 ppm). This study shows that mixing biochar into broiler litter can reduce NH₃ volatilization. However, it does not seem to be competitive with PLT in terms of NH₃ reductions alone.

在现代肉鸡生产中，粪便中氨（NH₃）的排放量升高是一个令人担忧的问题，它会对肉鸡的生产性能和福利产生负面影响。虽然商业上可获得的凋落物改良剂通常用于减少氨排放，但其有效性往往是短暂的，这促使人们对生物炭等更可持续的替代品产生了兴趣。这个项目的目的是研究不同的生物炭施用处理（表面施用和混合施用）对用过的肉鸡粪中NH₃挥发的影响。在凋落物表面施用生物炭的速率分别为0.48、0.97、1.46和1.95 kg/m2，混合速率分别为7.5%、15.0%、22.5和30.0% v/v。禽窝处理®（PLT）以0.73 kg/m2的速度表面施用，同时还包括未处理的窝窝对照。使用总共30个13.2 L的塑料容器重复了三次处理。向每个容器提供1.5 LPM的恒定气流，然后将其排放到大气或光声NH₃气体分析仪中。在12天的研究中，每天在每个血管中测量9次NH3。将生物炭混合到凋落物中可以增强与凋落物的接触，并且比表面处理显著降低NH₃的总体浓度（分别为126 ppm和146.6 ppm）。22.5和30% v/v混合施用时，生物炭处理的NH3浓度最低（P≤0.05）。然而，所有生物炭施用处理的NH₃浓度都显著高于PLT （65.0 ppm）。该研究表明，在肉鸡粪中加入生物炭可以减少NH₃的挥发。然而，仅就NH₃的减少量而言，它似乎与PLT没有竞争力。

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引用次数: 0

Roles of limestone particle size ratios and phytase levels to support single-cycled laying hens (60-80 weeks of age) with a focus on production and performance 石灰石粒度比和植酸酶水平对单周期蛋鸡（60-80周龄）生产性能的影响

IF 2 3区农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Journal of Applied Poultry Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.japr.2025.100606

C.A. Waters , M.A. Elliot , M. Bedford , C. Wyatt , W.K. Kim , Milan K. Sharma , K.G.S. Wamsley , P.A. Adhikari

This study evaluated the role of fine (F) and coarse (C) limestone ratios and exogenous phytase at standard and high levels on performance, egg and bone quality, and inositol levels in single-cycle Hy-Line W-36 hens (60-to-80 weeks of age). A total of 420 hens were randomly assigned into 7 experimental diets in a 2 × 3 + 1 factorial arrangement with 20 replicates of 3 hens per treatment. Factorial treatments consisted of two limestone ratios (40F:60C and 15F:85C) and three Escherichia coli-derived phytase levels (0, 400, and 1500 FTU/kg). The positive control (PC) was an industry standard that consisted of a 40F:60C limestone ratio without phytase and had 4.4 % calcium (Ca) and 0.44 % available phosphorus (avP). A common negative control (NC) diet was created by reducing 0.19 % Ca and 0.17 % avP of the PC. An increase in hen-day egg production (HDEP) was observed with 0 FTU/kg and 40F:60C compared to 15F:85C and a phytase addition dose-dependently increased HDEP for 15F:85C but reduced it for the 40F:60C. Eggshell breaking strength (EBS) increased in 40F:60C with 1500 FTU/kg and 15F:85C with 0 FTU/kg treatments. Additionally, 15F:85C produced more unsaleable eggs compared to 40F:60C. Phytase levels of 400 FTU/kg had a lower gizzard pH and a higher gizzard inositol concentration compared to 0 FTU/kg. This study revealed that 40F:60C with 1500 FTU/kg had benefits on EBS and 15F:85C with 0 FTU/kg caused a decrease in HDEP. Independent of phytase, the group fed 40F:60C limestone particle size produced more saleable eggs.

本研究评估了细(F)和粗(C)石灰石比例以及标准和高水平外源植酸酶对海兰W-36母鸡（60- 80周龄）生产性能、蛋和骨质量以及肌醇水平的影响。试验选用420只蛋鸡，按2 × 3 + 1因子设计，随机分为7种试验饲粮，每处理20个重复，每个重复3只鸡。析因处理包括两种石灰石比例（40F:60C和15F:85C）和三种大肠杆菌衍生的植酸酶水平（0,400和1500 FTU/kg）。阳性对照（PC）为工业标准，由40F:60C石灰石比例组成，不含植酸酶，钙（Ca）含量为4.4%，有效磷（avP）含量为0.44%。通过降低PC的0.19% Ca和0.17% avP，形成普通阴性对照（NC）日粮。与15F:85℃相比，在0 FTU/kg和40F:60℃条件下，母鸡日产蛋量（HDEP）有所增加；在15F:85℃条件下，植酸酶的添加量呈剂量依赖性地增加了HDEP，而在40F:60℃条件下则降低了HDEP。在40F:60C、1500 FTU/kg和15F:85C、0 FTU/kg处理下，蛋壳破断强度（EBS）有所提高。此外，与40华氏度60摄氏度相比，15华氏度85摄氏度会产生更多无法出售的卵子。植酸酶水平为400 FTU/kg时，与0 FTU/kg相比，砂囊pH值较低，砂囊肌醇浓度较高。本研究发现，40F:60C、1500 FTU/kg对EBS有好处，15F:85C、0 FTU/kg对HDEP有降低作用。在不使用植酸酶的情况下，饲喂40华氏度：60华氏度石灰石颗粒的那一组鸡蛋的适销性更高。

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引用次数: 0

Applied research note: Effect of a postbiotic and phytogenic blend on the severity of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) serotype O78 infection in a 10 week layer pullet challenge model 应用研究笔记：在一个10周的蛋鸡攻击模型中，后生物和植物性混合物对禽致病性大肠杆菌（APEC）血清型O78感染严重程度的影响

IF 2 3区农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Journal of Applied Poultry Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.japr.2025.100630

W. Evan Chaney , Jennie Baxter , Manuel Da Costa , Vivek A. Kuttappan , Maci Oelschlager , Matthew Jones , Charles Hofacre

Colibacillosis outbreaks caused by Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) remain a burden of risk for the global poultry industry. Recent reports have demonstrated the functionality of postbiotic and phytogenic blends to support poultry health during APEC challenge. This study evaluated the effects of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation-derived postbiotic and phytogenic blend (SCFP+; Biostrong™ C-Protect, Cedar Rapids, IA) to ameliorate the severity of acute colibacillosis in layer pullets intra-tracheally challenged with APEC serotype O78. Two-hundred-eighteen day-of-age (D0) commercial layer pullets from Hyline were floor reared for 8 weeks in small pens by dietary treatment group (Control Diet or Control Diet with 1.15 lb./ U.S. Ton SCFP+), fed ad libitum until study termination at 10 weeks (W10). Within each group, 26 birds were randomly tagged for bodyweight (BW) measurement at D0, W3, W9 and W10. At W8, birds were placed into individual cages by treatment and randomly assigned one of two APEC O78 challenge doses (10⁸ or 10¹⁰ CFU/bird) administered intratracheally at W9, with final BW, necropsy and lesion scoring at W10 (n=48 birds/dose/treatment). Mean lesion scores for air sacculitis were significantly reduced in birds receiving SCFP+ as compared to the challenge control (0.61 vs. 0.94). SCFP+ numerically improved the cumulative severity score (0.94 vs. 1.42) while observed means were lower for perihepatitis (0.13 vs. 0.18) and pericarditis (0.20 vs. 0.30) lesions. Similarly, observed clinical prevalence ( % of birds with a non-zero lesion score), remained lower for SCFP+ birds, approaching significance for pericarditis. D0, W3 and W9 bodyweights were statistically equivalent, however, observed mean BW gain during acute APEC challenge was numerically higher for SCFP+ birds (+0.07 kg). These data report on a novel APEC pullet challenge model and indicate that SCFP+ could support layer pullet health and development during acute APEC O78 challenge.

由禽致病性大肠杆菌（APEC）引起的大肠杆菌病暴发仍然是全球家禽业的风险负担。最近的报告已经证明了后生物和植物性混合物在APEC挑战期间支持家禽健康的功能。本研究评估了酿酒酵母发酵衍生的后生物和植物混合物（SCFP+; Biostrong™C-Protect, Cedar Rapids， IA）对改善经气管内感染APEC血清型O78的蛋鸡急性大肠杆菌病严重程度的影响。选用Hyline产的218只日龄（D0）商品蛋鸡，在小栏内地板饲养8周，分饲粮处理组（对照饲粮或添加1.15 lb / U.S. - Ton SCFP+的对照饲粮），自由饲喂，直至研究于10周（W10）结束。每组随机选取26只鸡，分别在0、3、9、10岁时进行体重测定。在W8时，通过处理将禽类放入单独的笼子中，并在W9时随机分配两种APEC O78攻毒剂量（108或1010 CFU/只）中的一种，在W10时进行最终体重、尸检和病变评分（n=48只/剂量/治疗）。与攻毒对照组相比，接受SCFP+的鸟类空气囊炎的平均病变评分显著降低（0.61比0.94）。SCFP+在数值上提高了累积严重程度评分（0.94 vs. 1.42），而观察到的周围肝炎（0.13 vs. 0.18）和心包炎（0.20 vs. 0.30）病变的平均值较低。同样，观察到的临床患病率（病变评分非零的鸟类百分比）在SCFP+鸟类中仍然较低，接近心包炎的显著性。D0、W3和W9体重在统计上是相等的，然而，在急性APEC攻击期间观察到的SCFP+鸟的平均体重增加在数值上更高（+0.07 kg）。这些数据报告了一种新的APEC小母鸡挑战模型，并表明SCFP+可以在急性APEC O78挑战期间支持蛋鸡的健康和发育。

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引用次数: 0

A conventional hatchery vs. “on-farm” hatching of ducks in terms of microclimatic conditions and hatchability parameters - preliminary research 在小气候条件和孵化率参数方面，传统孵化场与“农场”鸭子孵化的初步研究

IF 2 3区农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Journal of Applied Poultry Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.japr.2025.100612

Magdalena TRELA , Aleksandra JANUSZEWSKA , Dominik KAWECKI , Kamil KUSTRA , Marcin W. LIS

The hatching period is critical in the technology of artificial incubation of poultry. In mass production of chicks, hatching stress is increased by additional stressors that do not occur in natural conditions. The stress caused by the egg leaving by the chick is intensified by the hatcher's poor environment and the provision of access to feed and water. The study compared the conventional hatching method with the on-farm system in broiler duck production. The on-farm method is gaining popularity as an alternative in broiler chicken farming; however, on-farm hatching has not yet been applied in broiler duck production. This study aims to examine the feasibility of implementing on-farm hatching for Pekin ducks by analysing environmental conditions, hatch window and hatchability. The temperature and relative humidity in the duckling house were (mean ± SD) 36.5 ± 2.25°C and RH 12 ± 0.1 %, respectively, while in the hatcher, the average temperature was 36.6 ± 0.14°C, and RH was 61 % ± 2.5 %. The hatchability in the conventional and on-farm systems is 90.6 and 88.1 %, respectively (P < 0.05). There were observed differences in the hatch window between individual pens, which had been caused by thermal conditions (the litter surface temperature). In summary, the hatchability of eggs in the "on-farm" system was lower than in the conventional system. However, it is possible to conduct the hatching of duck broilers in the "on-farm" system, provided that appropriate microclimatic conditions and litter microbiological status are ensured.

在家禽人工孵化技术中，孵化期是关键。在雏鸡的大规模生产中，在自然条件下不会发生的额外压力增加了孵化压力。孵蛋者的恶劣环境和饲料和水的供应加剧了雏鸟离开蛋所造成的压力。本研究比较了肉鸭生产中传统孵化方式与农场孵化方式的差异。农场方法作为肉鸡养殖的一种替代方法越来越受欢迎；然而，农场孵化尚未应用于肉鸭生产。本研究旨在通过对环境条件、孵化窗和孵化率的分析，探讨北京野鸭在养殖场进行孵化的可行性。鸭舍内温度（平均±SD）为36.5±2.25℃，相对湿度（RH）为12±0.1%，孵化池内温度（平均）为36.6±0.14℃，相对湿度（RH）为61%±2.5%。常规系统和农场系统的孵化率分别为90.6%和88.1% （P < 0.05）。不同栏间的孵化窗存在差异，这是由热条件（凋落物表面温度）引起的。综上所述，在“农场”系统中，鸡蛋的孵化率低于传统系统。然而，只要保证适当的小气候条件和产仔微生物状况，就可以在“农场”系统中进行肉鸡的孵化。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of chicken breast meat proportions on emulsion stability, textural properties and sensory attributes of spent laying duck sausages 鸡胸肉比例对产蛋废鸭肠乳状液稳定性、质地和感官特性的影响

IF 2 3区农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Journal of Applied Poultry Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.japr.2025.100618

Pitchaporn Ungkusonmongkol , Fa-Jui Tan , Chonlathee Kaewkot , Saowakon Wattanachant

The objective of this study was to determine the optimal ratio of chicken breast meat (0 %, 25 %, 50 %, 75 %, and 100 %) incorporated into spent laying duck meat sausages to enhance emulsion stability, texture, overall quality, and sensory attributes of the cooked products. Five sausage formulations were evaluated: a control group made entirely from spent laying duck meat (CON) and four groups containing 25 % (CB25), 50 % (CB50), 75 % (CB75), and 100 % (CB100) chicken breast meat. The moisture contents of CB25, CB50, and CB75 were higher than those of CON and CB100, likely due to their superior cooking yields (P < 0.05). CB50 and CB75 demonstrated higher emulsion stability compared to other groups. Weight loss during cooking was significantly lower in CB50, CB75, and CB100 compared to CON and CB25 (P < 0.05), reflecting improved water holding capacity. Microstructure analysis revealed a more homogeneous structure with fewer and smaller voids in CB50, CB75, and CB100, which correlated with enhanced water holding capacity, gel strength, and hardness relative to CON and CB25. Sensory evaluation indicated that CB50, CB75, and CB100 received higher overall liking scores than CON and CB25 (P < 0.05). The higher proportions of chicken breast in CB75 and CB100 resulted in brighter color, which slightly reduced color scores, although differences were not significant (P ≥ 0.05). The findings suggest that a 50:50 ratio of chicken breast to spent laying duck meat (CB50) improves sausage quality without compromising consumer liking. This ratio also offers a cost-effective approach for utilizing spent laying duck meat.

本研究的目的是确定鸡胸肉的最佳比例（0%,25%,50%，75%和100%）加入废产鸭肉香肠，以提高熟产品的乳化稳定性，质地，整体质量和感官属性。试验评估了5种香肠配方：完全由产蛋废鸭肉（CON）制成的对照组和含有25% （CB25）、50% （CB50）、75% （CB75）和100% （CB100）鸡胸肉的4组。CB25、CB50和CB75的水分含量高于CON和CB100，这可能是由于CB25、CB50和CB75的蒸煮产量更高（P < 0.05）。CB50和CB75表现出较高的乳状稳定性。与CON和CB25相比，CB50、CB75和CB100在烹饪过程中的体重损失显著降低（P < 0.05），这反映了保水能力的提高。微观结构分析表明，CB50、CB75和CB100的结构更加均匀，孔隙更少、更小，相对于CON和CB25， CB50、CB75和CB100的持水能力、凝胶强度和硬度都有所提高。感官评价显示，CB50、CB75和CB100的总体喜欢得分高于CON和CB25 （P < 0.05）。CB75和CB100添加比例越高，鸡胸肉颜色越鲜艳，颜色评分略有降低，但差异不显著（P≥0.05）。研究结果表明，以50:50的比例添加鸡胸肉和产蛋鸭肉（CB50）可以在不影响消费者喜好的情况下提高香肠质量。这一比例也为利用废产蛋鸭肉提供了一种经济有效的方法。

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引用次数: 0

Use of location tracking to link egg production with toe pecking injuries, feather quality, body mass in laying hens 使用位置跟踪将蛋鸡的产蛋量与脚趾啄伤、羽毛质量和体重联系起来

IF 2 3区农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Journal of Applied Poultry Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.japr.2025.100603

M.J. Toscano , M. Neuditschko , S.G. Gebhardt-Henrich

The current study sought to validate a proxy for egg laying that could be used within cage-free housing systems towards breeding programs of laying hens. Once validated, the proxy was then assessed against several common health and welfare traits (plumage, toe injuries, and body mass) to determine whether a relationship existed. We also estimated the heritabilities of the health traits and performed genome wide association studies to identify potential candidate gene, aiming to determine whether these phenotypes could be utilized in future breeding programs. Our effort used unique parental crosses with known pedigrees that allowed data within the cage free housing system to be compared with parallel family groups maintained in cages at the facility of our industrial partner. Findings indicated that the proxy of egg production was highly correlated with the production records of birds in cages. We also found that plumage in the cage-free housing system was positively related to the egg production proxy, whereas toe injuries were negatively related. We believe the findings support the position that phenotyping within cage-free housing systems can be a valuable component in efforts to breed hens that perform well in these systems.

目前的研究试图验证一种可以在无笼饲养系统中用于蛋鸡繁殖计划的产蛋代理。一旦验证，然后根据几个常见的健康和福利特征（羽毛，脚趾损伤和体重）对代理进行评估，以确定是否存在关系。我们还估计了健康性状的遗传力，并进行了全基因组关联研究，以确定潜在的候选基因，旨在确定这些表型是否可以在未来的育种计划中使用。我们的工作使用了具有已知系谱的独特亲代杂交，从而可以将无笼饲养系统内的数据与我们的工业合作伙伴设施中笼子中维持的平行家庭群体进行比较。结果表明，产蛋量的代用指标与笼养鸟类的产蛋量记录高度相关。我们还发现，在无笼饲养系统中，羽毛与产蛋代理呈正相关，而脚趾损伤呈负相关。我们相信这些发现支持了这样一种观点，即在无笼饲养系统中进行表型分析可以成为在这些系统中繁殖母鸡的一个有价值的组成部分。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluation of different DNA extraction methods for the detection of Clostridium perfringens by loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay 环介导等温扩增（LAMP）法检测产气荚膜梭菌不同DNA提取方法的评价

IF 2 3区农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Journal of Applied Poultry Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.japr.2025.100600

Deepa Chaudhary , Sabin Poudel , Chuan-Yu Hsu , Linan Jia , Anuraj T. Sukumaran , Xue Zhang , Wen-Hsing Cheng , Aaron S. Kiess , Kenneth S. Macklin , Li Zhang

Clostridium perfringens (C. perfringens) is a gram-positive bacterium that causes necrotic enteritis in poultry, resulting in significant economic losses. The development of a reliable and cost-effective diagnostic assay is crucial to prevent the spread of this bacterium. The loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay has emerged as a promising tool for in-field detection of C. perfringens. However, for effective implementation in low-resource settings, a simplified, low-cost DNA extraction method that minimizes equipment needs is crucial. This study aimed to identify an optimal DNA extraction method for the LAMP assay targeting C. perfringens detection. We evaluated four DNA extraction methods, Spin-column (SC), Magnetic Beads (MB), Dipstick (DS), and Hotshot (HS), based on DNA yield, purity, quality, and their compatibility with LAMP and PCR assays. The effectiveness of these methods was tested using spiked broiler feces with reference C. perfringens. Our findings indicated that SC and MB methods yielded DNA of higher purity and quality. Specifically, the SC method demonstrated superior performance in both LAMP and PCR assays across all tested C. perfringens strains. While the HS method was not the top performer, it proved to be the most practical for DNA extraction in resource-limited environments. Sensitivity tests for the LAMP assay showed the highest detection capability with SC-extracted DNA, while DS and HS methods exhibited lower sensitivity. In summary, this study provides valuable information for establishing a practical and adaptable diagnostic approach for C. perfringens detection in low-resource settings, with the HS-DNA extraction method as a feasible option for on-site LAMP assays.

产气荚膜梭菌（C. perfringens）是一种革兰氏阳性细菌，可引起家禽坏死性肠炎，造成重大经济损失。开发一种可靠和具有成本效益的诊断方法对于防止这种细菌的传播至关重要。环介导的等温扩增（LAMP）法已成为一种很有前途的现场检测产气荚膜荚膜梭菌的工具。然而，为了在低资源环境下有效实施，一种简化、低成本的DNA提取方法将设备需求降至最低是至关重要的。本研究旨在确定一种针对产气荚膜梭菌LAMP检测的最佳DNA提取方法。我们评估了四种DNA提取方法，Spin-column （SC）、Magnetic Beads （MB）、Dipstick （DS）和Hotshot (HS)，基于DNA产率、纯度、质量及其与LAMP和PCR的相容性。以含产气荚膜荚膜梭菌的肉鸡粪便为对照，验证了上述方法的有效性。我们的研究结果表明，SC和MB方法获得的DNA纯度和质量更高。具体而言，SC方法在所有测试的产气荚膜荚膜杆菌菌株的LAMP和PCR检测中都表现出优越的性能。虽然HS方法不是最好的，但它被证明是在资源有限的环境中最实用的DNA提取方法。LAMP法对sc提取的DNA的灵敏度最高，而DS和HS法的灵敏度较低。综上所述，本研究为在低资源环境下建立一种实用且适应性强的产气荚膜荚膜杆菌检测诊断方法提供了有价值的信息，其中HS-DNA提取方法是现场LAMP检测的可行选择。

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引用次数: 0

Dietary Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) extract enhances growth performance, carcass traits, blood biochemistry, antioxidant status, and cecal microbiota in broiler chickens 饲粮中添加甘草提取物可提高肉鸡的生长性能、胴体性状、血液生化、抗氧化能力和盲肠微生物群

IF 2 3区农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Journal of Applied Poultry Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.japr.2025.100623

Aya Rashad , Ismail E. Ismail , Elwy A. Ashour , Mahmoud Kamal , Ahmed K. Aldhalmi , Waleed Alhujaili , Mahmoud Moustafa , Mohammed Al-Shehri , Mohammad M.H. Khan , Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack

This study investigated the effects of licorice powder extract (LPE) supplementation via drinking water on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and selected hematobiochemical parameters in broiler chicks. A total of 280 Cobb 500 chicks (5 days old) were randomly allocated into four treatment groups, receiving water supplemented with 0 (control), 1.0, 2.0, or 3.0 mL LPE per liter for the duration of the experiment. Broilers receiving 3.0 mL LPE/L demonstrated significantly greater body weight than all other groups (P < 0.05). LPE supplementation positively influenced feed intake and improved feed conversion ratio (FCR), with no significant effects on overall water consumption or carcass yield parameters. Birds administered 2.0 mL LPE/L showed a reduction in serum total protein and albumin levels, whereas no significant differences were observed in serum creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), or alanine aminotransferase (ALT). LPE supplementation also improved lipid metabolism, as evidenced by decreased levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), alongside increased high-density lipoprotein (HDL), particularly in the 1.0 mL LPE/L group. Antioxidant status was significantly enhanced in the 3.0 mL LPE/L group, which exhibited elevated superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with LPE improved growth performance, modulated serum lipid profiles, and enhanced antioxidant capacity in broiler chicks, suggesting its potential as a natural growth promoter and health modulator in poultry production.

本试验旨在研究通过饮水方式添加甘草粉提取物（LPE）对肉鸡生长性能、胴体特性和部分血液生化参数的影响。选取280只5日龄Cobb 500雏鸡，随机分为4个处理组，在试验期间分别饲喂添加0（对照）、1.0、2.0、3.0 mL / l LPE的水。3.0 mL LPE/L组肉鸡体重显著高于其他各组（P < 0.05）。添加LPE对采食量和饲料系数（FCR）有显著影响，对总耗水量和胴体产量参数无显著影响。2.0 mL LPE/L小鼠血清总蛋白和白蛋白水平降低，而血清肌酐、天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）和丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）无显著差异。LPE补充也改善了脂质代谢，总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）和极低密度脂蛋白（VLDL）水平降低，高密度脂蛋白（HDL）水平升高，特别是在1.0 mL LPE/L组。3.0 mL LPE/L组抗氧化能力显著增强，超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性升高，丙二醛（MDA）浓度降低。综上所述，饲粮中添加LPE改善了肉鸡的生长性能，调节了血清脂质，增强了抗氧化能力，提示其在家禽生产中具有天然生长促进剂和健康调节剂的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Growth performance, phytate degradation, and tibia characteristics of broiler chickens fed pelleted diets with varying feed particle sizes and phytase levels 不同饲料粒度和植酸酶水平颗粒饲料对肉鸡生长性能、植酸降解和胫骨特性的影响

IF 2 3区农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Journal of Applied Poultry Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.japr.2025.100582

Stephanie Wolfrum , Maria Francesch , Beatriz Jimenez-Moya , Dieter Feuerstein , Markus Rodehutscord

The objective was to investigate the effects of feed particle size and microbial phytase supplementation of pelleted diets on growth performance, myo-inositol hexakisphosphate (InsP₆) degradation, and tibia characteristics in broiler chickens. Ross 308 broilers were housed in 56 floor pens in groups of 42, and seven pens were allocated to one of eight dietary treatments to measure the performance data on day 38 of age. From day 21 to 26, six birds from each floor pen were moved to metabolism units with the same distribution of treatments for digestibility and bone measurements. For the starter phase, two diets with fine or coarse particle size (429 or 657 µm mean particle size, determined after feed processing by wet sieving) were formulated and added with 500 FTU phytase/kg. For the grower and finisher phase, diets were arranged with two particle sizes (fine and coarse, 434 or 729 µm) and four phytase levels (0, 300, 600, and 1,200 FTU/kg). No significant interactions between particle size and phytase were determined. Prececal InsP₆ disappearance and P digestibility were higher with fine than coarse particles, indicating that coarse grinding of rapeseed meal may not benefit birds. Increasing phytase supplementation increased ADG, ADFI, prececal InsP₆ disappearance and P digestibility, tibia ash, and tibia breaking strength. Under the conditions of this study, birds were sufficiently supplied with P at a total P level of 4.0 g/kg and phytase supplementation of 1,200 FTU/kg. Renouncement of feed phosphate in the grower and finisher phase was possible without impaired performance.

本试验旨在研究饲料粒度和颗粒饲料中添加微生物植酸酶对肉鸡生长性能、肌醇六磷酸（InsP6）降解和胫骨特性的影响。试验选用罗斯308肉鸡，每组42只，饲养在56个地坪栏中，其中7个栏分别饲喂8种饲粮处理中的一种，测定38日龄时的生产性能数据。第21 ~ 26天，将每层围栏6只鸡移至代谢单元，按相同的处理分布进行消化率和骨测量。在启动阶段，配制两种细粒和粗粒饲粮（平均粒径分别为429和657µm，经湿法筛选后确定），并添加500 FTU /kg植酸酶。在生长期和育肥期，采用2种粒径（细粒和粗粒、434或729µm）和4种植酸酶水平（0、300、600和1200 FTU/kg）的饲粮。颗粒大小和植酸酶之间没有明显的相互作用。细粒比粗粒籽粒的前期InsP6消失率和磷消化率更高，说明粗粒对菜籽粕可能不利。增加植酸酶添加量可提高日增重、ADFI、胎前InsP6消失率和磷消化率、胫骨灰分和胫骨断裂强度。在本试验条件下，以总磷水平4.0 g/kg和植酸酶添加量1200 FTU/kg的水平，为饲粮提供充足的磷。在生长和育肥期放弃饲料磷酸盐是可能的，而不会损害生产性能。

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引用次数: 0