Journal of Applied Poultry Research最新文献

{"title":"Effects of palm oil, canola oil, and rice bran oil on growth performance, blood biochemistry, and intestinal morphology in young chicks","authors":"Mahmoud M. Azzam ,&nbsp;Abdulaziz A. Alabdullatif ,&nbsp;Rashed A. Alhotan ,&nbsp;Mohammed A. Al-Badwi ,&nbsp;Musab E. Akasha ,&nbsp;Xinyang Dong ,&nbsp;Shaaban S. Elnesr ,&nbsp;Zeinab Shouman","doi":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100593","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100593","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A total of 216 Ross 308 broiler chicks were randomly allocated to a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement, consisting of three dietary treatments (palm oil [PO], canola oil [CO], and rice bran oil [RBO], each at 40 g/kg) and two sexes (male and female). Each dietary treatment was replicated 6 times per sex (six male and six female replicates), resulting in a total of 12 replicates per treatment, with 6 birds per replicate. Results showed that different oil sources had no significant effect (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05) on body weight, weight gain (WG), feed intake, and feed conversion ratio (FCR). The effects of dietary oil sources on duodenal morphology in broiler chickens revealed several significant outcomes. In males, feeding CO tended to increase villus height, and significantly reduced crypt depth, resulting in a higher (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) VH/CP ratio compared to PO and RBO. In females, feeding RBO produced the most favourable morphology, with the highest villus height, lowest crypt depth, and greatest VH/CP ratio among treatments (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). While dietary oil sources did not significantly affect the relative weights of internal organs, a significant effect (<em>P</em> = 0.01) of sex was observed, with female broiler chickens having greater gizzard weights than males. Feeding RBO increased liver redness and crude protein content (<em>P</em> = 0.01 and <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001, respectively). Females showed higher redness (<em>P</em> = 0.002), while males tended to have greater protein levels (<em>P</em> = 0.06). Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels were not significantly affected (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05) by sex, oil source, or their interaction. In conclusion, dietary inclusion of PO, CO, or RBO resulted in comparable growth performance in broiler chickens, with no significant differences detected. However, the type of oil may still impact specific physiological aspects, especially duodenal morphology and liver composition and quality. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings across breeds and environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Poultry Research","volume":"34 4","pages":"Article 100593"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144890684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Additional isoleucine without valine in an imbalanced branched-chain amino acid diet further exacerbates its negative effects in broilers","authors":"Doyun Goo ,&nbsp;Janghan Choi ,&nbsp;Jihwan Lee ,&nbsp;Milan K. Sharma ,&nbsp;Deependra Paneru ,&nbsp;Hamid R. Rafieian-Naeini ,&nbsp;Hong Zhuang ,&nbsp;Byungwhi Kong ,&nbsp;Brian Bowker ,&nbsp;Casey W. Ritz ,&nbsp;Woo K. Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100631","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100631","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High leucine levels and an imbalanced branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) ratio in the diet can trigger BCAA antagonism, negatively affecting chicken growth. The current study investigated how additional valine and isoleucine could mitigate the negative effects of imbalanced BCAA diets in broilers. The control and additional isoleucine groups experienced significantly decreased body weight gain (BWG) and feed efficiency compared to the additional valine and valine with isoleucine groups (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). The additional isoleucine group significantly reduced BWG and feed intake (FI) compared to the control group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). The additional isoleucine group had the lowest carcass weight, breast muscle weight, lean and fat weights, bone mineral density and content, tight junction-related gene expression levels, and villus height values among the groups (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The additional isoleucine group had the highest levels of breast muscle BCAA catabolism-related enzyme and gene expression among the groups (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). However, the gene expression levels in breast muscle decreased when valine and isoleucine were provided together. In conclusion, adding isoleucine alone to a BCAA-imbalanced diet can further exacerbate the negative effects of BCAA antagonism and deficiency, impairing growth performance unless additional valine is also provided.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Poultry Research","volume":"34 4","pages":"Article 100631"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145462548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relative bioavailability of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 compared to vitamin D3 for laying performance and egg quality in laying hens from 41 to 48 weeks of age","authors":"Dongdong Li ,&nbsp;Xuemei Ding ,&nbsp;Qiufeng Zeng ,&nbsp;Shiping Bai ,&nbsp;Jianping Wang ,&nbsp;Li Lv ,&nbsp;Huanwei Peng ,&nbsp;Yue Xuan ,&nbsp;Jindang Cao ,&nbsp;Keying Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100589","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100589","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Currently, the primary supplemental forms of vitamin D (<strong>VD</strong>) for laying hens’ diets are traditional Vitamin D₃ (<strong>VD₃</strong>) and its intermediate metabolite, 25-hydroxyvitamin D₃ (<strong>25-OHD</strong>). However, the application effect of 25-OHD in laying hens has always been subject to some controversy. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relative bioavailability of 25-OHD compared to VD₃ in terms of laying performance and egg quality for laying hens from 41 to 48 wk of age. A total of 936 thirty-six-wk-old Roman pink-shell laying hens were fed a basic diet without any additional VD for 5 wk (from wk 36 to 40). Subsequently, A total of 768 hens were selected and randomly assigned to 16 dietary treatments for 8 wk (from wk 41 to 58), including a 0 IU/kg VD control group and groups supplemented with 75, 150, 225, 300, 1600 IU/kg of VD₃, 25-OHD-1 (provided by DSM Ltd.), or 25-OHD-2 (provided by Shandong Haineng Bioengineering Co., Ltd.). The results indicated that increasing VD levels significantly improved the hen day laying rate (<strong>HDLR</strong>), hen-housed laying rate (<strong>HHLR</strong>), qualified egg rate, egg weight (<strong>EW</strong>) and ADFI during wk 45–48 (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), and significantly reduced <strong>FCR</strong> during wk 45–48 (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Compared with VD₃ group, the HDLR and HHLR during wk 45–48 in 25-OHD-1 and 25-OHD-2 group were increased significantly (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), and the FCR during wk 45–48 was decreased significantly (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Otherwise, compared with VD 75 IU/kg, the increase of VD level significantly increased the eggshell strength, eggshell thickness and relative weight of eggshell at 44 and 48 wk of age (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The yolk relative weight at 48 wk of age in the VD 75 IU/kg group was significantly higher than that in other groups (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The eggshell strength and relative weight of eggshell at 44 wk of age in the 25-OHD-1 and 25-OHD-2 group were higher (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) than those in the VD₃ group. Compared with control group, dietary supplementation with VD improved tibia strength and reduced tibia P content (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The tibia strength in the 25-OHD-2 group was the best among three VD source groups (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Taking VD₃ as 100%, 25-OHD-1 and 25-OHD-2 had relative biological values of 137.6–182.6% and 135.9–195.9% for laying performance, and 108–254.4% and 93–323.5% for eggshell quality, respectively. Overall, the 25-OHD-1 and 25-OHD-2 was approximately 1.6–1.9 times as effective as VD₃ for laying performance and egg quality. The bioavailability of 25-OHD-1 and 25-OHD-2 was no different.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Poultry Research","volume":"34 4","pages":"Article 100589"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144852690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of sodium bisulfate on performance parameters of turkeys that received a double-dose of a coccidia vaccine","authors":"Katherine L. Cupo ,&nbsp;Zohreh Mehdipour ,&nbsp;Catherine Fudge ,&nbsp;Kelli Jones ,&nbsp;Robert B. Beckstead ,&nbsp;Julianna C. Jespersen ,&nbsp;Juan C. Suarez ,&nbsp;Chongxiao Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100592","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100592","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Commercial turkeys are commonly exposed to coccidia during rearing, and feed additives are being investigated to help mitigate losses associated with infection. This study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation of sodium bisulfate (<strong>SBS</strong>) on growth performance of turkeys given a 2 × dose of coccidia vaccine. A 2 × 3 factorial design was implemented with a 2 × coccidia vaccine (IMMUCOX®T) gavaged at d 0 (challenged or non-challenged) and dietary supplementation of 0 % (control), 0.2 %, or 0.4 % feed-grade SBS. Oocyst shedding was evaluated on d 7 and 14 to confirm parasite cycling and vaccine viability. Body weight (<strong>BW</strong>), feed intake, and feed conversion ratio (<strong>FCR</strong>) were evaluated at d 0, 35, and 56. Body weight uniformity was evaluated at d 56, and livability ( %) was evaluated for the overall trial. The results indicated that challenged birds had reduced growth performance at d 35 but recovered similarly to the non-challenged groups by d 56. Challenged birds with 0.4 % SBS achieved higher BW than other challenged treatments and were numerically similar to non-challenged treatments at d 35. Birds provided SBS had improved FCR overall compared with birds given control diet, regardless of challenge status. Livability (%) and BW uniformity were similar between all treatments at d 56. Oocyst shedding in challenged treatments was similar on d 7 and numerically lower in challenged treatments provided SBS treatments on d 14. These results collectively indicate that the dietary inclusion of up to 0.4 % SBS for turkeys can improve growth performance, specifically FCR, regardless of coccidia challenge status.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Poultry Research","volume":"34 4","pages":"Article 100592"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144911989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Bacillus-based direct fed microbials on the performance and eggshell quality of first cycle laying hens from 55 to 75 weeks of age","authors":"A.M. Lyons ,&nbsp;B.P. Dirks ,&nbsp;H. Leyva-Jimenez ,&nbsp;M.E. Persia","doi":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100610","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100610","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of various direct fed microbials (DFM) on 55-75 wk old laying hens on hen performance, egg quality, and hen abdominal fat pad weights. A total of 144 Hy-Line W-36 laying hens were fed experimental diets with no DFM (NC), Novela® ECL (ECL), Novela® (NOV), or Amnil® (AMN). No differences in hen day egg production were noted, but the inclusion of ECL resulted in the highest egg weight (EW), followed by AMN then NOV and the NC as the lowest (P ≤ 0.01). The increased EW of the ECL and AMN treated birds increased egg mass (P ≤ 0.01) and resulted in a 7- and 9-point improvement in FCR, respectively (P ≤ 0.01). Both the ECL and AMN increased egg production energy compared to the NC and NOV treated hens (P ≤ 0.05). Body weights increased in birds fed NOV (P ≤ 0.01), in comparison to the other treatments and the NC. Hens fed NOV resulted in a 26 % increase in abdominal fat pad weight compared to the NC and other treatments (P = 0.01). All DFM treatments were able to alter energy use as ECL and AMN improved FCR and increased egg production energy while NOV increased energy storage within the body.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Poultry Research","volume":"34 4","pages":"Article 100610"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145320254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of water intake and water conversion ratio for male and female broilers from four commercial broiler lines reared to eight weeks of age","authors":"J.Z. Hiltz ,&nbsp;C.W. Maynard ,&nbsp;T.W. Tabler,&nbsp;M.A. Maqueda,&nbsp;K.M. Shafer,&nbsp;K.B. Nelson,&nbsp;M.T. Kidd,&nbsp;N.B. Anthony,&nbsp;S.K. Orlowski-Workman","doi":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100587","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100587","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Increased interest and investigation into the sustainability of broiler production has led to a need for reliable and repeatable means to measure water intake and its conversion rate into salable meat. Therefore, a study was conducted to characterize the water intake and water conversion ratio (<strong>WCR</strong>) of male and female broilers from four modern broiler strains. Two of these lines represented fast growing broiler strains (FGB A and FGB B) targeting a small bird market and two represented high yielding broiler strains (HYB A and HYB B). Three replicates of 25 sexed broilers from each line were placed into 24 experimental pens and reared for an 8-week period. Broiler BW, feed intake, and water intake were monitored weekly and used to calculate feed conversion ratio (<strong>FCR</strong>) and WCR. Broilers were processed at 6 and 8 weeks of age for determination of carcass traits. Male broilers had higher water intakes throughout the experimental period. Strain significantly influenced broiler water intake and WCR throughout the experimental period, but these differences did not appear to be linked to broiler product type (i.e., fast growing or high yielding). Interactions between strain and sex were observed for water intake starting at week 4 and continuing through week 7. No interactions between strain and sex were observed for WCR. Water intake data and WCR reported herein serve to allow for baseline values derived from broilers serving the 2 major sectors of the broiler industry in literature and for future research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Poultry Research","volume":"34 4","pages":"Article 100587"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144886136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Enogen® corn as a replacement for conventional corn in standard and energy-deficient diets for pullets","authors":"Deependra Paneru ,&nbsp;Dima L. White ,&nbsp;Milan K. Sharma ,&nbsp;John M. Gonzalez ,&nbsp;Woo K. Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100578","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100578","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluated the effects of substituting conventional corn with Enogen® corn in standard and energy-restricted diets on pullet growth performance, body composition, bone health, and intestinal morphology across major pullet developmental phases. Birds were fed conventional corn or Enogen® corn (expressing thermostable α-amylase enzyme endogenously) based diets, with or without a 200 kcal/kg energy reduction. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether, and if so, how, these dietary modifications influence physiological adaptation and energy partitioning during critical growth phases in pullets. Pullets showed compensatory feeding behavior under energy-restricted diets by increasing feed intake to maintain body weight and growth rates. Enogen® corn substitution did not significantly improve growth performance under <em>ad libitum</em> feeding conditions; however, numerical trend toward improved feed efficiency was observed. Body composition, including fat and muscle percentages, remained stable across all diets, suggesting effective metabolic homeostasis. Bone mineralization and microarchitecture were unaffected by dietary treatments, suggesting the adequacy of dietary minerals in supporting skeletal development. Similarly, intestinal structure showed no morphological changes, indicating that balanced protein, amino acids, and minerals supported gut integrity without necessitating compensatory remodeling. These results emphasize the resilience of pullets to moderate dietary variations when fundamental nutritional requirements are met. While the benefits of Enogen® corn in standard feeding regimens were inconclusive, its potential under energy-restricted and challenge conditions warrants further research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Poultry Research","volume":"34 4","pages":"Article 100578"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144711770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-phytate phosphorous requirements of egg laying pullets from 9 to 12 weeks of age and carryover effects of phosphorous deficiency at 18 weeks of age","authors":"J.A. Blair ,&nbsp;V. Souza Pais ,&nbsp;M.E. Persia","doi":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100620","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100620","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The non-phytate phosphorous (nPP) requirement of 9 to 12-week-old laying hen pullets was investigated using body weight gain (BWG), mortality corrected feed conversion ratio (FCRm), tibia ash percent (TAP) and tibia ash weight (TAW). The same pullets were transferred back to a standard diet and monitored for longer-term responses to the reduced nPP feeding over 9 to 12 weeks at 18 weeks of age. A total of 672 9-wk-old Hy-Line W36 laying hen pullets were distributed across 42 cages and randomly assigned one of seven dietary treatments (0.13, 0.16, 0.20, 0.23, 0.26, 0.29, and 0.32% nPP, and 0.90% calcium). At 12 wk of age 3 pullets per pen were euthanized for fat-free tibia ash determination. Data were analyzed using ANOVA in JMP Pro 16.0 (<em>P</em> ≤ 0.05). If significant differences were noted, single-slope broken line regression analysis was completed for BWG, FCRm, TAP and TAW. Only TAW responded to low nPP feeding generating a nPP requirement for 9 to 12 wk old laying hen pullets of 0.18% nPP. Body weight, FCRm and TAP were all unaffected by low nPP feeding. Remaining pullets from the 0.13, 0.16, 0.20 and 0.32% nPP treatments were maintained in their respective cages and phase- fed common corn-soybean meal diets from 12 to 18 wk of age. There were no carryover effects of feeding low phosphorous diets on pullet body weight or tibia ash at 18 wk. These data indicate that the nPP requirement for pullets from 9 to 12 wk of age is lower than current commercial recommendations based directly on TAW and indirectly by a lack of response to BWG, FCRm and TAP and pullets provided adequate nPP diets after a nPP deficiency from 9 to 12 wk were able to recover by 18 wk of age.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Poultry Research","volume":"34 4","pages":"Article 100620"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145358506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of eggshell calcium acetate on postmortem proteolysis and tenderization of spent duck muscle","authors":"Ya-Shiou Chang","doi":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100574","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100574","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of eggshell calcium acetate on postmortem proteolysis and tenderization of Tsaiya duck muscle. Duck carcasses were obtained from a government-regulated slaughterhouse and chilled at 12 °C for 1 h. Both sides of the breast muscles were excised and incubated individually in either eggshell calcium acetate solution containing 30 mM Ca²⁺ (ECA, <em>N</em> = 15), 30 mM calcium acetate (ACA, <em>N</em> = 15), or 30 mM EDTA (EDTA, <em>N</em> = 15) at 5 °C for 3 days. The control group (CON, <em>N</em> = 15) was incubated in double-distillated water at 5 °C for 3 days. Breast muscle samples from the right side of each carcass were taken at 0 (1 h postmortem), 1, 2, and 3 days of incubation for pH determination, casein zymography, and Western blotting. Samples from the left side of each breast were taken for myofibrillar fragmentation index (MFI) and shear force measurements at 1 and 3 days of incubation. The results showed that the decrease in calpain-1 and calpain-11 activities, and desmin content was more rapid in the ECA- and ACA-incubated samples compared to the CON and EDTA-incubated samples during the 3-day incubation period. On the other hand, the MFI increased significantly in the ECA- and ACA-incubated samples compared to the CON and EDTA-incubated samples, while shear force values decreased more in the ECA- and ACA-incubated samples than in the CON and EDTA-incubated samples. Our results suggest that eggshell calcium acetate, like calcium acetate, can effectively enhance postmortem proteolysis and tenderizing of spent duck breast muscles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Poultry Research","volume":"34 4","pages":"Article 100574"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144771058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applied research note: Impact of tapioca flour as a substitute for salt and sodium tripolyphosphate on cooking loss and sensory traits in chicken breast patties","authors":"Janghan Choi,&nbsp;Debolina Chatterjee,&nbsp;Majid Shakeri,&nbsp;Byungwhi Kong,&nbsp;Hong Zhuang,&nbsp;Brian Bowker","doi":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100604","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japr.2025.100604","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Diverse ingredients including salt and phosphate are frequently added to ground chicken meat. Salt (sodium chloride) and sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) are traditionally used for their roles in flavor enhancement, water retention, and texture improvement. However, high concentrations of these additives raise health concerns due to their sodium content. This study is the first to systematically evaluate the physicochemical and sensory effects of fully or partially replacing high concentrations of salt (0.75 %) and sodium tripolyphosphate (0.45 %) with 2 % tapioca flour in chicken breast patties through a two-part experimental design. In Study 1, the addition of TF alone with low salt (0.38 %) was compared to the inclusion of high salt in chicken patties. In Study 2, the addition of TF in contrast to the addition of STPP alone or with 0.75 % salt in chicken patties was evaluated. The TF alone or with 0.38 % salt or addition of 0.75 % salt alone reduced cooking loss compared to ingredient-free chicken patties. The inclusion of TF alone or with 0.38 % salt decreased cohesiveness and hardness in chicken patties compared to ingredient-free patties and patties with TF and 0.75 % salt. The addition of TF showed similar effects in reducing cooking loss as the addition of 0.75 % salt with 0.45 % STPP. The addition of TF reduced hardness and springiness compared to the inclusion of 0.45 % STPP. Although the addition of STPP increased grittiness, the addition of TF did not affect grittiness. In conclusion, from the perspectives of cooking loss and sensory traits, TF alone or with 0.38 % salt can replace 0.75 % salt, and TF alone can also substitute for 0.45 % STPP, either alone or combined with 0.75 % salt, in chicken breast patties. The current study demonstrates that 2 % TF could be a good alternative in replacing 0.75 % salt and/or 0.45 % STPP for ground chicken breast products in marketplaces.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Poultry Research","volume":"34 4","pages":"Article 100604"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145265230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}