P. Kale, A. Mani, Raju Anarthe, Rachita G Mustilwar
Various acute phase reactants are produced in response to inflammatory stimuli, one of them is C-reactive protein which is. Serum levels of C-Reactive protein are useful to monitor and diagnose inflammatory process associated with disease as it being one of the valuable biomarkers in various clinical conditions, increase in level of C-Reactive protein is found in subjects with periodontal disease, which in turn can act as useful biomarker to diagnose cardiovascular disease, adverse pregnancy outcome as they being associated with periodontal disease. This manuscript is brief overview of C-Reactive protein and its relation with periodontal disease and systemic health.
{"title":"Role of annular pentameric molecule: C-Reactive protein in periodontal disease and its association with systemic health","authors":"P. Kale, A. Mani, Raju Anarthe, Rachita G Mustilwar","doi":"10.3233/jcb-210049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jcb-210049","url":null,"abstract":"Various acute phase reactants are produced in response to inflammatory stimuli, one of them is C-reactive protein which is. Serum levels of C-Reactive protein are useful to monitor and diagnose inflammatory process associated with disease as it being one of the valuable biomarkers in various clinical conditions, increase in level of C-Reactive protein is found in subjects with periodontal disease, which in turn can act as useful biomarker to diagnose cardiovascular disease, adverse pregnancy outcome as they being associated with periodontal disease. This manuscript is brief overview of C-Reactive protein and its relation with periodontal disease and systemic health.","PeriodicalId":15286,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cellular Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41564970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chronic periodontitis is nowadays popularly regarded as Dysbiosis, [1] which causes destruction of tissues rich in collagen like periodontal ligament, alveolar bone and gingival connective tissue. The oral biofilm comprises many periodontal pathogens better regarded as ‘triggers’ in causing chronic periodontitis. Since, not everyone will be affected in the same manner due to periodontal pathogens. Some might not elicit a host response while, the others might have exaggerated response. So, host modulation therapy came into existence to counteract the exaggerated host response. The chemically modified tetracyclines (CMTs) have emerged to inhibit the inflammatory response or to reduce the collagenolytic activity of host. Though a derivative of tetracyclines, it still lacks an antimicrobial action and hence, can be used for periodontitis for longer duration with no adverse effects of gastrointestinal toxicity which parent tetracyclines have.
{"title":"Bullet for periodontal disease in future: Chemically modified tetracyclines","authors":"Shivani Sachdeva, A. Mani, H. Saluja","doi":"10.3233/jcb-210040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jcb-210040","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic periodontitis is nowadays popularly regarded as Dysbiosis, [1] which causes destruction of tissues rich in collagen like periodontal ligament, alveolar bone and gingival connective tissue. The oral biofilm comprises many periodontal pathogens better regarded as ‘triggers’ in causing chronic periodontitis. Since, not everyone will be affected in the same manner due to periodontal pathogens. Some might not elicit a host response while, the others might have exaggerated response. So, host modulation therapy came into existence to counteract the exaggerated host response. The chemically modified tetracyclines (CMTs) have emerged to inhibit the inflammatory response or to reduce the collagenolytic activity of host. Though a derivative of tetracyclines, it still lacks an antimicrobial action and hence, can be used for periodontitis for longer duration with no adverse effects of gastrointestinal toxicity which parent tetracyclines have.","PeriodicalId":15286,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cellular Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41553387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shivani Sachdeva, Amit Mani, Hiral R. Vora, H. Saluja, S. Mani, Nishant Manka
BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence is a relatively newer technology in the field of medical world. This science uses the machine – learning algorithm and computer software to aid in the diagnostics in medical and dental fields. It is a huge talking point in the field of technology which is spreading it’s wings in all possible sectors at a great speed. This field covers solutions from coaching solutions to diagnostics in medical field covering under the umbrella of all what can be achieved by machine and deep learning. CONTENT: In dentistry, artificial intelligence is creating a revolution in all sections from collection of data, creating algorithms for orthodontic procedures, diagnostic records in the aspect of radiographic data, three dimensional scans and cone beam computed tomography, CAD CAM systems for restorative and prosthetic purposes. Similarly continuous research is being done in the field of periodontics in terms of measuring bone loss, amount of plaque present and much more. CONCLUSION: The field of artificial technology with its varied applications will change the face of dentistry in the upcoming times. Artificial intelligence with its application of machine learning will change the face of dentistry in future.
{"title":"Artificial intelligence in periodontics – A dip in the future","authors":"Shivani Sachdeva, Amit Mani, Hiral R. Vora, H. Saluja, S. Mani, Nishant Manka","doi":"10.3233/jcb-210041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jcb-210041","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence is a relatively newer technology in the field of medical world. This science uses the machine – learning algorithm and computer software to aid in the diagnostics in medical and dental fields. It is a huge talking point in the field of technology which is spreading it’s wings in all possible sectors at a great speed. This field covers solutions from coaching solutions to diagnostics in medical field covering under the umbrella of all what can be achieved by machine and deep learning. CONTENT: In dentistry, artificial intelligence is creating a revolution in all sections from collection of data, creating algorithms for orthodontic procedures, diagnostic records in the aspect of radiographic data, three dimensional scans and cone beam computed tomography, CAD CAM systems for restorative and prosthetic purposes. Similarly continuous research is being done in the field of periodontics in terms of measuring bone loss, amount of plaque present and much more. CONCLUSION: The field of artificial technology with its varied applications will change the face of dentistry in the upcoming times. Artificial intelligence with its application of machine learning will change the face of dentistry in future.","PeriodicalId":15286,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cellular Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43642794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Recent epidemiological studies reveal that more than two-third of the world’s population suffers from one of the chronic forms of periodontal disease. The primary etiological agent of this inflammatory disease is a polymicrobial complex, predominantly Gram negative anaerobic or facultative bacteria within the sub-gingival biofilm. These bacterial species initiate the production of various cytokines such as interleukin-8 and TNF-α, further causing an increase in number and activity of polymorphonucleocytes (PMN) along with these cytokines, PMNs also produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) superoxide via the respiratory burst mechanism as the part of the defence response to infection. ROS just like the interleukins have deleterious effects on tissue cells when produced in excess. To counter the harmful effects of ROS, human body has its own defence mechanisms to eliminate them as soon as they are formed. The aim of this review is to focus on the role of different free radicals, ROS, and antioxidants in the pathophysiology of periodontal tissue destruction.
{"title":"Role of reactive oxygen species and antioxidants in periodontal disease","authors":"H. Saluja, Shivani Sachdeva, Amit Mani","doi":"10.3233/jcb-210044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jcb-210044","url":null,"abstract":"Recent epidemiological studies reveal that more than two-third of the world’s population suffers from one of the chronic forms of periodontal disease. The primary etiological agent of this inflammatory disease is a polymicrobial complex, predominantly Gram negative anaerobic or facultative bacteria within the sub-gingival biofilm. These bacterial species initiate the production of various cytokines such as interleukin-8 and TNF-α, further causing an increase in number and activity of polymorphonucleocytes (PMN) along with these cytokines, PMNs also produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) superoxide via the respiratory burst mechanism as the part of the defence response to infection. ROS just like the interleukins have deleterious effects on tissue cells when produced in excess. To counter the harmful effects of ROS, human body has its own defence mechanisms to eliminate them as soon as they are formed. The aim of this review is to focus on the role of different free radicals, ROS, and antioxidants in the pathophysiology of periodontal tissue destruction.","PeriodicalId":15286,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cellular Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44112887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Coronavirus disease (COVID 19) which is caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) was first reported in Wuhan, China in December 2019. The disease transformed to a pandemic and affected people’s lives all over the world. It caused death to millions of people all over the world. In this project we focused on finding out the correlation of SARS-CoV2 with other respiratory diseases causing viruses like MERS and H1N1 influenza viruses. We further investigated to understand the mutations that occur in the sequences of the SARS-CoV2 during the spread of the disease and correlated it with the functional domains of proteins. The resulted phylogenetic tree indicated that SARS-CoV2 is closely related to the MERS and H1N1 viruses are distantly related. The mutation analysis of 10 different proteins of the SARS-CoV2 shows that there were more than 50 point-mutations among 34 countries sequences for six proteins. Interestingly, four proteins did not any mutation during the analysis. Therefore, these four proteins may be taken into consideration during the development of the diagnostics or therapeutics against this disease.
{"title":"Point mutation of COVID-19 proteins: A study on noval corona virus (nCov) correlation with MERS and H1N1 viruses and in silico investigation of nCoV proteins for future applications","authors":"Akansha Kaushik, Swati Kasana, P. Verma, A. Singh","doi":"10.3233/jcb-210037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jcb-210037","url":null,"abstract":"Coronavirus disease (COVID 19) which is caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) was first reported in Wuhan, China in December 2019. The disease transformed to a pandemic and affected people’s lives all over the world. It caused death to millions of people all over the world. In this project we focused on finding out the correlation of SARS-CoV2 with other respiratory diseases causing viruses like MERS and H1N1 influenza viruses. We further investigated to understand the mutations that occur in the sequences of the SARS-CoV2 during the spread of the disease and correlated it with the functional domains of proteins. The resulted phylogenetic tree indicated that SARS-CoV2 is closely related to the MERS and H1N1 viruses are distantly related. The mutation analysis of 10 different proteins of the SARS-CoV2 shows that there were more than 50 point-mutations among 34 countries sequences for six proteins. Interestingly, four proteins did not any mutation during the analysis. Therefore, these four proteins may be taken into consideration during the development of the diagnostics or therapeutics against this disease.","PeriodicalId":15286,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cellular Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43587519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. M. Larionov, N. A. Maslov, Vladimir Leonidovitch Ganymedov, V. Tereshchenko, A. Samokhin, E. Tsibulskaya
BACKGROUND: Periprosthetic osteolysis is known to be the main reason for aseptic instability after the arthroplasty or dental implantation. The use of tissue-engineered scaffolds that allow bone formation area, produced using flow or rotational bioreactor, seems to be a promising approach for such bone lesions treatment. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the bone neo-extracellular matrix formation within the three-week culture of a scaffold in a coaxial rotational bioreactor generating the preliminary mathematically modelled FSS values with the aim to develop a tissue-engineered scaffold for periprosthetic osteolysis prevention, but reactor critical characteristics like fluid shear stress (FSS) should be fine-tuned to achieve good cell density and prevent cell loss by the scaffold. METHODS: Thin film biodegradable polymer carrier, produced with electrospun and then seeded with hMSCs (human mesenchymal stromal cell) and culture for three weeks in rotational bioreactor, which generates the preliminary math model-calculated FSS from 4 to 8 mPa. Results were assessed with laser scanning confocal microscopy with immunofluorescence, and electron scanning microscopy with spectroscopy. RESULTS: After two weeks of culture, there were no significant differences between the density of hMSC cultured in the static conditions and bioreactor but after 3 weeks the cell density in the bioreactor increased by 35% compared to the static conditions (up to 3.53×106±462 per 1 cm2, P < 0.001). The immunofluorescence intensity exhibited by type I collagen after two and three weeks of culture increased 2.5-fold (48.3±0.39 a.u., P < 0.001) and 1.31-fold (74.0±0.29 a.u., P < 0.001) in the bioreactor, but for osteopontin after 3 weeks of culture in the static conditions was similar to those in the bioreactor. CONCLUSIONS: Optimization of the reactor characteristics with the mathematically modelled FSS values could significantly improve cell proliferation, differentiation, and enhanced formation of the neo-extracellular matrix within 3 weeks in the rotational bioreactor.
背景:已知假体周围骨溶解是关节置换术或牙种植后无菌性不稳定的主要原因。使用流动或旋转生物反应器生产的组织工程支架，允许骨形成区域，似乎是治疗此类骨病变的一种有前途的方法。目的:评估在同轴旋转生物反应器中培养支架三周内的骨新细胞外基质形成，产生初步的数学模型FSS值，旨在开发用于预防假体周围骨溶解的组织工程支架，但反应器的关键特性如流体剪切应力(FSS)应进行微调，以获得良好的细胞密度并防止支架细胞损失。方法:采用静电纺丝法制备薄膜可生物降解聚合物载体，然后与人间充质基质细胞(hMSCs)一起在旋转生物反应器中培养3周，得到初步数学模型计算的FSS为4 ~ 8 mPa。结果用激光扫描共聚焦显微镜免疫荧光和电子扫描显微镜光谱学进行评估。结果:培养2周后，静态条件下培养的hMSC细胞密度与生物反应器培养的hMSC细胞密度无显著差异，但3周后，生物反应器中的细胞密度比静态条件下增加了35%(高达3.53×106±462 / 1 cm2, P < 0.001)。I型胶原在生物反应器中培养2周和3周后的免疫荧光强度分别提高了2.5倍(48.3±0.39 a.u, P < 0.001)和1.31倍(74.0±0.29 a.u, P < 0.001)，而骨桥蛋白在静态条件下培养3周后的免疫荧光强度与生物反应器中相似。结论:利用数学模拟的FSS值对反应器特性进行优化，可在旋转生物反应器中3周内显著提高细胞的增殖、分化，并促进新细胞外基质的形成。
{"title":"Formation of bone extracellular matrix in a rotational bioreactor: Preseeding of human mesenchymal stromal cells on a thin polymer scaffold","authors":"P. M. Larionov, N. A. Maslov, Vladimir Leonidovitch Ganymedov, V. Tereshchenko, A. Samokhin, E. Tsibulskaya","doi":"10.3233/jcb-210035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jcb-210035","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Periprosthetic osteolysis is known to be the main reason for aseptic instability after the arthroplasty or dental implantation. The use of tissue-engineered scaffolds that allow bone formation area, produced using flow or rotational bioreactor, seems to be a promising approach for such bone lesions treatment. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the bone neo-extracellular matrix formation within the three-week culture of a scaffold in a coaxial rotational bioreactor generating the preliminary mathematically modelled FSS values with the aim to develop a tissue-engineered scaffold for periprosthetic osteolysis prevention, but reactor critical characteristics like fluid shear stress (FSS) should be fine-tuned to achieve good cell density and prevent cell loss by the scaffold. METHODS: Thin film biodegradable polymer carrier, produced with electrospun and then seeded with hMSCs (human mesenchymal stromal cell) and culture for three weeks in rotational bioreactor, which generates the preliminary math model-calculated FSS from 4 to 8 mPa. Results were assessed with laser scanning confocal microscopy with immunofluorescence, and electron scanning microscopy with spectroscopy. RESULTS: After two weeks of culture, there were no significant differences between the density of hMSC cultured in the static conditions and bioreactor but after 3 weeks the cell density in the bioreactor increased by 35% compared to the static conditions (up to 3.53×106±462 per 1 cm2, P < 0.001). The immunofluorescence intensity exhibited by type I collagen after two and three weeks of culture increased 2.5-fold (48.3±0.39 a.u., P < 0.001) and 1.31-fold (74.0±0.29 a.u., P < 0.001) in the bioreactor, but for osteopontin after 3 weeks of culture in the static conditions was similar to those in the bioreactor. CONCLUSIONS: Optimization of the reactor characteristics with the mathematically modelled FSS values could significantly improve cell proliferation, differentiation, and enhanced formation of the neo-extracellular matrix within 3 weeks in the rotational bioreactor.","PeriodicalId":15286,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cellular Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45292789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
After explaining the meaning of SARS-CoV2, the protection rules for the disease caused by this virus are described in order to eradicate the resulting pandemic. Methods to differentiate asymptomatic from symptomatic patients will be mentioned. Human lungs, heart, kidney, endothelium and erythrocyte have specific binding sites for the SARS-CoV2. The aim of this opinion was to highlight some new disposable technology to identify two cell properties. One of them is the vascular endothelial cell (EC) receptor binding to the SARS-CoV2 and the other is related with red blood cells (RBCs) as SARS-CoV2 carrier.
{"title":"Contribution of technology to human cell properties","authors":"C. Saldanha","doi":"10.3233/jcb-219901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jcb-219901","url":null,"abstract":"After explaining the meaning of SARS-CoV2, the protection rules for the disease caused by this virus are described in order to eradicate the resulting pandemic. Methods to differentiate asymptomatic from symptomatic patients will be mentioned. Human lungs, heart, kidney, endothelium and erythrocyte have specific binding sites for the SARS-CoV2. The aim of this opinion was to highlight some new disposable technology to identify two cell properties. One of them is the vascular endothelial cell (EC) receptor binding to the SARS-CoV2 and the other is related with red blood cells (RBCs) as SARS-CoV2 carrier.","PeriodicalId":15286,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cellular Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45833736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Atere, Akinpelu Moronkeji, Adebimpe Iyanuoluwa Moronkeji, H. Osadolor
BACKGROUND: Due to widespread use of pesticides, an individual’s lifetime exposure to pesticide mixtures is unavoidable, resulting in potentiation of toxic effects such as changing metabolic signaling temporarily or permanently due to the formation of free radicals among exposed individuals. OBJECTIVE: This study then looked at the expression of leptin and insulin receptors in Wistar rats exposed to pyrethroid and its effects on adipokines and glycemic indices. METHODS: 84 Wistar rats were randomly selected and divided into two groups. 51 rats were exposed to 1.2 % w/v pyrethroid insecticides, while the remaining 33 rats were grouped as non-exposed. The groups were divided into three different groups, each with 7, 21, and 41 days. The animals were anesthetically sacrificed and samples of blood were collected after days of exposure. The levels of total antioxidant status (TAS), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), nitric oxide (NO), glucose and lipids were determined. Blood activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and catalase (CAT) were also determined. ELISA was used to assess leptin, adiponectin, insulin, CRP, IL-6, and TNFα. Glycaemic indices were calculated appropriately. Leptin and Insulin expression was determined using the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method. Data obtained were statistically compared, and P≤0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: The mean TChol, TAG, and HDL-C were significantly different (p < 0.05) among the exposed groups. The serum mean levels of SOD, GPx, CAT, GSH, TAS, QUICKI, TNFα, IL6, and CRP were significantly reduced (p < 0.05), while mean levels of MDA, H2O2, NO, insulin, HOMA-IR, FIRI, leptin, and adiponectin were significantly elevated (p < 0.05) in exposed groups. The relative expression of insulin and leptin genes in exposed and non-exposed groups was also shown by column. CONCLUSION: It is self-evident that pyrethroid chemicals exposure may disrupt carbohydrate and lipid metabolism by raising the risk of obesity among the exposed groups.
{"title":"Serum levels of inflammatory biomarkers, glycaemic control indices and leptin receptors expression in adult male Wistar rats exposed to Pyrethroids","authors":"A. Atere, Akinpelu Moronkeji, Adebimpe Iyanuoluwa Moronkeji, H. Osadolor","doi":"10.3233/jcb-210034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jcb-210034","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Due to widespread use of pesticides, an individual’s lifetime exposure to pesticide mixtures is unavoidable, resulting in potentiation of toxic effects such as changing metabolic signaling temporarily or permanently due to the formation of free radicals among exposed individuals. OBJECTIVE: This study then looked at the expression of leptin and insulin receptors in Wistar rats exposed to pyrethroid and its effects on adipokines and glycemic indices. METHODS: 84 Wistar rats were randomly selected and divided into two groups. 51 rats were exposed to 1.2 % w/v pyrethroid insecticides, while the remaining 33 rats were grouped as non-exposed. The groups were divided into three different groups, each with 7, 21, and 41 days. The animals were anesthetically sacrificed and samples of blood were collected after days of exposure. The levels of total antioxidant status (TAS), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), nitric oxide (NO), glucose and lipids were determined. Blood activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and catalase (CAT) were also determined. ELISA was used to assess leptin, adiponectin, insulin, CRP, IL-6, and TNFα. Glycaemic indices were calculated appropriately. Leptin and Insulin expression was determined using the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method. Data obtained were statistically compared, and P≤0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: The mean TChol, TAG, and HDL-C were significantly different (p < 0.05) among the exposed groups. The serum mean levels of SOD, GPx, CAT, GSH, TAS, QUICKI, TNFα, IL6, and CRP were significantly reduced (p < 0.05), while mean levels of MDA, H2O2, NO, insulin, HOMA-IR, FIRI, leptin, and adiponectin were significantly elevated (p < 0.05) in exposed groups. The relative expression of insulin and leptin genes in exposed and non-exposed groups was also shown by column. CONCLUSION: It is self-evident that pyrethroid chemicals exposure may disrupt carbohydrate and lipid metabolism by raising the risk of obesity among the exposed groups.","PeriodicalId":15286,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cellular Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3233/jcb-210034","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43328325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Ardıçlı, H. Samli, G. Mecitoğlu, Buse Vatansever, A. Mutlu
BACKGROUND: In dogs, an insufficient variety of cell lines commercially available or difficulties in obtaining the existing cell lines developed from various studies results in a limited number of cytotoxicity and related molecular studies integrated with clinical practice. Hence, the doses of many drugs or supportive treatments used in canine tumor cases are adjusted based on studies in humans. OBJECTIVE: A cell line was established from a benign mixed tumor of the canine mammary gland. METHODS: Following surgical removal of the tumor, mechanical dissociation, and PBS washing, a culture process of the tumor cells was performed, including the passaging, freezing, and thawing stages. After several passages, the morphological characteristics of the cells at the logarithmic growth phase were observed under a phase-contrast microscope. RESULTS: The microscopy of the cells cultured on plastic dishes revealed monolayer colonies. The average passage time, which was 5–6 days in the first three passages, decreased to 2–3 days after the third passage. Microscopic examination of tumor cells revealed an adherent, stellated, and spindle-shaped structure. CONCLUSIONS: No difference was observed in the viability and morphology of the cells thawed even after the long period of freezing (∼18 months). The different canine cell lines can provide promising molecular applications that can be adapted into practical clinics in veterinary science.
{"title":"The establishment of primary cell culture from canine mammary gland tumor","authors":"S. Ardıçlı, H. Samli, G. Mecitoğlu, Buse Vatansever, A. Mutlu","doi":"10.3233/jcb-210036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jcb-210036","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: In dogs, an insufficient variety of cell lines commercially available or difficulties in obtaining the existing cell lines developed from various studies results in a limited number of cytotoxicity and related molecular studies integrated with clinical practice. Hence, the doses of many drugs or supportive treatments used in canine tumor cases are adjusted based on studies in humans. OBJECTIVE: A cell line was established from a benign mixed tumor of the canine mammary gland. METHODS: Following surgical removal of the tumor, mechanical dissociation, and PBS washing, a culture process of the tumor cells was performed, including the passaging, freezing, and thawing stages. After several passages, the morphological characteristics of the cells at the logarithmic growth phase were observed under a phase-contrast microscope. RESULTS: The microscopy of the cells cultured on plastic dishes revealed monolayer colonies. The average passage time, which was 5–6 days in the first three passages, decreased to 2–3 days after the third passage. Microscopic examination of tumor cells revealed an adherent, stellated, and spindle-shaped structure. CONCLUSIONS: No difference was observed in the viability and morphology of the cells thawed even after the long period of freezing (∼18 months). The different canine cell lines can provide promising molecular applications that can be adapted into practical clinics in veterinary science.","PeriodicalId":15286,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cellular Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3233/jcb-210036","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43519958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Jung, P. Waldeck, I. Petrick, S. Braune, J. Küpper, F. Jung
A vertical flat-type bioreactor consisting of transparent polyethylene (food safe) was constructed, which is characterized by a flexible design and allows the adjustment of a light path of 1 cm – 8.5 cm and a working volume of 1.5 l – 4 l. To characterize the performance of the bioreactor, cultivation experiments were performed with the cyanobacterium Arthrospira platensis (AP). The growth was assessed continuously by monitoring optical density and intermittently by measuring the dry weight of the AP biomass. An on-line measurement technique for estimating biomass production rate in a photosynthetic microalgae culture was developed. The oxygen produced by AP in the culture medium was flushed out sparging using a mixture of air and CO2 (1%). Factors which might influence the AP growth were monitored: pH, temperature, oxygen concentration and the filling level were corrected automatically to compensate evaporation losses. As an example, the huge influence of the light intensity on the AP growth was tested. The increase of the photon flux density of 15 to 1200μmol/(l · d) led to a 22-fold increase of the productivity and a 3.1-fold shorter doubling time. Using an online measurement technique - together with the control of the growth process via a wireless local area network (WLAN) router and virtual private network - allows monitoring the growth of Arthrospira platensis remotely.
{"title":"Bioreactor for the cultivation of Arthrospira platensis under controlled conditions","authors":"C. Jung, P. Waldeck, I. Petrick, S. Braune, J. Küpper, F. Jung","doi":"10.3233/JCB-210032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/JCB-210032","url":null,"abstract":"A vertical flat-type bioreactor consisting of transparent polyethylene (food safe) was constructed, which is characterized by a flexible design and allows the adjustment of a light path of 1 cm – 8.5 cm and a working volume of 1.5 l – 4 l. To characterize the performance of the bioreactor, cultivation experiments were performed with the cyanobacterium Arthrospira platensis (AP). The growth was assessed continuously by monitoring optical density and intermittently by measuring the dry weight of the AP biomass. An on-line measurement technique for estimating biomass production rate in a photosynthetic microalgae culture was developed. The oxygen produced by AP in the culture medium was flushed out sparging using a mixture of air and CO2 (1%). Factors which might influence the AP growth were monitored: pH, temperature, oxygen concentration and the filling level were corrected automatically to compensate evaporation losses. As an example, the huge influence of the light intensity on the AP growth was tested. The increase of the photon flux density of 15 to 1200μmol/(l · d) led to a 22-fold increase of the productivity and a 3.1-fold shorter doubling time. Using an online measurement technique - together with the control of the growth process via a wireless local area network (WLAN) router and virtual private network - allows monitoring the growth of Arthrospira platensis remotely.","PeriodicalId":15286,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cellular Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3233/JCB-210032","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44428085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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