Erica D. Chin, Jenny Ma, Christopher L. Lee, H. Jara
The objective of this study is to evaluate the correlations between the quantitative MRI parameter, T2 relaxation time, and the viscoelastic storage modulus for low concentrations of agarose gel. T2 values were determined from MR image maps generated by a 3T scanner. The storage modulus was measured by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). It was found that the T2 values decreased, while the storage modulus increased, with higher agarose concentrations.
{"title":"Comparison between T2 Relaxation Time and Storage Modulus for Agarose Gel","authors":"Erica D. Chin, Jenny Ma, Christopher L. Lee, H. Jara","doi":"10.1109/NEBEC.2013.68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEBEC.2013.68","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study is to evaluate the correlations between the quantitative MRI parameter, T2 relaxation time, and the viscoelastic storage modulus for low concentrations of agarose gel. T2 values were determined from MR image maps generated by a 3T scanner. The storage modulus was measured by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). It was found that the T2 values decreased, while the storage modulus increased, with higher agarose concentrations.","PeriodicalId":153112,"journal":{"name":"2013 39th Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127043703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The objective of this study is to estimate the driver's cognitive state under different situation and driving scenarios by analyzing EEG signal. The experiment was conducted on a high fidelity driving simulator. Three different scenarios were designed to investigate the driver's state during normally driving (braking and accelerating) and turning (left or right). In the daily-urban scenario, a deer collision occurred. During each driving trial, the EEG signal was recorded by a 32-lead system. The EEG dynamics were analyzed using power spectrum density (PSD), event-related potential (ERP), independent component analysis (ICA) and time-frequency analysis (TFA). In normally driving, the EEG responses are similar during the three different scenarios. The power concentrates on the frontal and back lobes. During turning, the EEG response is somehow different from that in normally driving (only braking and accelerating). In the deer-collision event, a rapid response is apparent in the ERP mapping.
{"title":"The Electroencephalographic Response during a Driving Process: Normal Driving, Turning and Collision","authors":"Ye Sun, A. Ajiboye, Brian, Xiong Yu, J. Berilla","doi":"10.1109/NEBEC.2013.143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEBEC.2013.143","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study is to estimate the driver's cognitive state under different situation and driving scenarios by analyzing EEG signal. The experiment was conducted on a high fidelity driving simulator. Three different scenarios were designed to investigate the driver's state during normally driving (braking and accelerating) and turning (left or right). In the daily-urban scenario, a deer collision occurred. During each driving trial, the EEG signal was recorded by a 32-lead system. The EEG dynamics were analyzed using power spectrum density (PSD), event-related potential (ERP), independent component analysis (ICA) and time-frequency analysis (TFA). In normally driving, the EEG responses are similar during the three different scenarios. The power concentrates on the frontal and back lobes. During turning, the EEG response is somehow different from that in normally driving (only braking and accelerating). In the deer-collision event, a rapid response is apparent in the ERP mapping.","PeriodicalId":153112,"journal":{"name":"2013 39th Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128011795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Thermoelectric principle based energy harvesting system from body heat is a promising power strategy for portable devices. This paper introduces design of this kind of system, which can be divided into two sub-systems: thermoelectric system and energy management system. Experiment validates that the designed system can power the load to work periodically.
{"title":"System Design on Thermoelectic Energy Harvesting from Body Heat","authors":"Guangxi Wu, Xiong Yu","doi":"10.1109/NEBEC.2013.142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEBEC.2013.142","url":null,"abstract":"Thermoelectric principle based energy harvesting system from body heat is a promising power strategy for portable devices. This paper introduces design of this kind of system, which can be divided into two sub-systems: thermoelectric system and energy management system. Experiment validates that the designed system can power the load to work periodically.","PeriodicalId":153112,"journal":{"name":"2013 39th Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115398689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Thomas Tritt, K. Baker, Michael Patrizio, Nicholas Gentile
Women's lacrosse has the fourth highest injury prevalence in all sports, male or female. It is estimated that there are over 10, 500 concussion exposures for female high school lacrosse athletes each year which associates to short-term healthcare costs averaging over $413 million. It is the mission of GaLAXy Gear to provide and develop an innovative solution for female lacrosse athletes in order to reduce the risk of head injuries. In this study, the optimal material specifications for a novel partial soft headgear were examined. The objectives of this investigation were to find a force absorbent material, thickness, and hardness that can withstand and reduce the force transmitted to the head of a 60 mph lacrosse shot, yet be soft enough to maintain the integrity and finesse of women's lacrosse.
{"title":"Optimization of Novel Women's Lacrosse Headgear","authors":"Thomas Tritt, K. Baker, Michael Patrizio, Nicholas Gentile","doi":"10.1109/NEBEC.2013.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEBEC.2013.27","url":null,"abstract":"Women's lacrosse has the fourth highest injury prevalence in all sports, male or female. It is estimated that there are over 10, 500 concussion exposures for female high school lacrosse athletes each year which associates to short-term healthcare costs averaging over $413 million. It is the mission of GaLAXy Gear to provide and develop an innovative solution for female lacrosse athletes in order to reduce the risk of head injuries. In this study, the optimal material specifications for a novel partial soft headgear were examined. The objectives of this investigation were to find a force absorbent material, thickness, and hardness that can withstand and reduce the force transmitted to the head of a 60 mph lacrosse shot, yet be soft enough to maintain the integrity and finesse of women's lacrosse.","PeriodicalId":153112,"journal":{"name":"2013 39th Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference","volume":"199 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123252957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study is focus on modeling muscle effort from VMG signals from the lower back using wavelet packages. From careful research and repeated experimentation, the location of the sensor for obtaining the most consistent and clear VMG signal has abstained. For the further study, the investigation will look for a relatively accurate wavelet package to find a more accurate way to proportionally estimate muscle effort.
{"title":"Assessing Muscle Imbalannces in the Lower Back","authors":"Xue Liu, K. McLeod","doi":"10.1109/NEBEC.2013.163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEBEC.2013.163","url":null,"abstract":"The study is focus on modeling muscle effort from VMG signals from the lower back using wavelet packages. From careful research and repeated experimentation, the location of the sensor for obtaining the most consistent and clear VMG signal has abstained. For the further study, the investigation will look for a relatively accurate wavelet package to find a more accurate way to proportionally estimate muscle effort.","PeriodicalId":153112,"journal":{"name":"2013 39th Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference","volume":"285 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123432483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by the lack of sufficient insulin. This disease has become a national epidemic in the United States, and therapy non-adherence has become one of the largest precursors leading to diabetic sequelae such as diabetic ketoacidosis. A potential source of patient therapy negligence is the discomfort associated with the finger prick method of glucose monitoring. As a result, a less invasive method to monitor diabetes is sought. This paper describes a portable breathalyzer that is being developed to monitor acetone in the breath of a diabetic patient. The proposed design aims to eliminate the finger prick through a simplified approach for monitoring acetone levels in correlation to elevated glucose levels, thus determining the onset of diabetic ketoacidosis.
{"title":"A Portable Spectrophotometer-Based Breathalyzer for Point-of-Care Testing of Diabetic Patients","authors":"Nicole M. Banach, M. Rust, R. Priefer","doi":"10.1109/NEBEC.2013.44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEBEC.2013.44","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by the lack of sufficient insulin. This disease has become a national epidemic in the United States, and therapy non-adherence has become one of the largest precursors leading to diabetic sequelae such as diabetic ketoacidosis. A potential source of patient therapy negligence is the discomfort associated with the finger prick method of glucose monitoring. As a result, a less invasive method to monitor diabetes is sought. This paper describes a portable breathalyzer that is being developed to monitor acetone in the breath of a diabetic patient. The proposed design aims to eliminate the finger prick through a simplified approach for monitoring acetone levels in correlation to elevated glucose levels, thus determining the onset of diabetic ketoacidosis.","PeriodicalId":153112,"journal":{"name":"2013 39th Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference","volume":"155 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123452163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Respiration rate is a standard physiological measurement taken for monitoring a patient. Existing respiration monitors used in medical centers are too expensive to be used in low-resource environments. We have developed a low-cost respiratory monitor to address this issue. This device calculates a patient's breathing rate by detecting changes in temperature through a thermistor when the patient breathes in a mask. Features of the device include an alarm through a piezoelectric speaker which sounds when the patient stops breathing and a low-battery indicator signal for when the battery powering the device dips below a threshold voltage. The design and implementation involved several different hardware components, as well as software functions. Our initial prototype of our project accomplished our main objectives, and experimental measurements indicate that the device measures a person's respiration rate with relative accuracy.
{"title":"Low-Cost, Thermistor Based Respiration Monitor","authors":"M. Gupta, H. Qudsi","doi":"10.1109/NEBEC.2013.111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEBEC.2013.111","url":null,"abstract":"Respiration rate is a standard physiological measurement taken for monitoring a patient. Existing respiration monitors used in medical centers are too expensive to be used in low-resource environments. We have developed a low-cost respiratory monitor to address this issue. This device calculates a patient's breathing rate by detecting changes in temperature through a thermistor when the patient breathes in a mask. Features of the device include an alarm through a piezoelectric speaker which sounds when the patient stops breathing and a low-battery indicator signal for when the battery powering the device dips below a threshold voltage. The design and implementation involved several different hardware components, as well as software functions. Our initial prototype of our project accomplished our main objectives, and experimental measurements indicate that the device measures a person's respiration rate with relative accuracy.","PeriodicalId":153112,"journal":{"name":"2013 39th Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115592969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The use of hydrogels in bone regeneration research has shown to provide a variety of benefits. Hydrogels can be modified to optimize their rheological and mechanical properties for improved bone formation and vascularization at defect sites. Hydrogels are a type of hydrated polymeric materials with properties similar to those of natural tissue as a result of their ample water constituents. The hydrogels used in this study were modified derivatives of methylcellulose, agarose, and chitosan blends capable of rapid transition from sols to gels [Zuidema 2011]. A natural chemical compound, genipin, was added to induce cross-linking in the chitosan component of the hydrogels. The added control of cross-linking enabled the increased manipulation of hydrogel stiffness without alterations in polysaccharide constituents. The ability to create multiple hydrogels with varying stiffness allowed for the determination of an optimal hydrogel stiffness for the support of mineralization and vascularization in bone defects. Hydrogel stiffness is an essential factor in cell adhesion and function, with low-stiffness gels favoring vascularization and high-stiffness gels favoring mineralization. This study aimed to determine an optimal gel stiffness that could promote both mineralization and vascularization to encourage the formation of healthy mineralized bone in defect sites. In addition, the inherent anti-bacterial efficacy of the hydrogels was evaluated as it pertained to the issue of sterilization in bone defects. In this study, we designed multifunctional hydrogels with varied stiffness and assessed their anti-bacterial efficacy and ability to promote mineralization and vascularization for eventual use in bone defect healing.
{"title":"Multifunctional Polysaccharide Hydrogels Capable of Mineralization, Vascularization, and Anti-bacterial Efficacy","authors":"Kathryn N Venuto, V. Pandit, S. Kotha","doi":"10.1109/NEBEC.2013.113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEBEC.2013.113","url":null,"abstract":"The use of hydrogels in bone regeneration research has shown to provide a variety of benefits. Hydrogels can be modified to optimize their rheological and mechanical properties for improved bone formation and vascularization at defect sites. Hydrogels are a type of hydrated polymeric materials with properties similar to those of natural tissue as a result of their ample water constituents. The hydrogels used in this study were modified derivatives of methylcellulose, agarose, and chitosan blends capable of rapid transition from sols to gels [Zuidema 2011]. A natural chemical compound, genipin, was added to induce cross-linking in the chitosan component of the hydrogels. The added control of cross-linking enabled the increased manipulation of hydrogel stiffness without alterations in polysaccharide constituents. The ability to create multiple hydrogels with varying stiffness allowed for the determination of an optimal hydrogel stiffness for the support of mineralization and vascularization in bone defects. Hydrogel stiffness is an essential factor in cell adhesion and function, with low-stiffness gels favoring vascularization and high-stiffness gels favoring mineralization. This study aimed to determine an optimal gel stiffness that could promote both mineralization and vascularization to encourage the formation of healthy mineralized bone in defect sites. In addition, the inherent anti-bacterial efficacy of the hydrogels was evaluated as it pertained to the issue of sterilization in bone defects. In this study, we designed multifunctional hydrogels with varied stiffness and assessed their anti-bacterial efficacy and ability to promote mineralization and vascularization for eventual use in bone defect healing.","PeriodicalId":153112,"journal":{"name":"2013 39th Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122330275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yiou Xiao, K. Mehrotra, C. Mohan, P. Borer, D. Allis
In recent years, with the advent of fast sequencing technology, the genomic database is growing rapidly. Researchers in bioinformatics field are expecting faster and more accurate tools to effectively analyze the gigantic data sets. In the context of aptamer search, the goal is to search for the over-represented DNA sequences compared with random background libraries on the same chip. Hash functions are widely used in substring comparison, sequence alignment and clustering tools. We have developed a light-weighted tool that takes advantage of the hash functions to reduce the size of genomic data and conducts k-neighbor searches on the centroid sequence. This greatly improves the efficiency of the search compared with the existing tool. Furthermore, the calculation of k-neighbor hash values decreases the mutant searching overhead. In a dataset of 1 million sequences, the program accurately counted the frequency of the Human alpha-Thrombin sequence and found the mutant versions of the target sequence in less than 40 seconds, whereas the existing method takes 8280 seconds (2 hours 13 minutes).
{"title":"Acyclic Identification of Aptamer from Over-Represented Libraries Using Hash Functions","authors":"Yiou Xiao, K. Mehrotra, C. Mohan, P. Borer, D. Allis","doi":"10.1109/NEBEC.2013.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEBEC.2013.2","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, with the advent of fast sequencing technology, the genomic database is growing rapidly. Researchers in bioinformatics field are expecting faster and more accurate tools to effectively analyze the gigantic data sets. In the context of aptamer search, the goal is to search for the over-represented DNA sequences compared with random background libraries on the same chip. Hash functions are widely used in substring comparison, sequence alignment and clustering tools. We have developed a light-weighted tool that takes advantage of the hash functions to reduce the size of genomic data and conducts k-neighbor searches on the centroid sequence. This greatly improves the efficiency of the search compared with the existing tool. Furthermore, the calculation of k-neighbor hash values decreases the mutant searching overhead. In a dataset of 1 million sequences, the program accurately counted the frequency of the Human alpha-Thrombin sequence and found the mutant versions of the target sequence in less than 40 seconds, whereas the existing method takes 8280 seconds (2 hours 13 minutes).","PeriodicalId":153112,"journal":{"name":"2013 39th Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference","volume":"133 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122406367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Heyns, K. Breseman, Christopher L. Lee, B. Bloch, C. Jaffe, H. Xiang
This paper describes the design of a patient-specific, radiotherapy quality assurance target that can be used to verify a treatment plan by measurement of actual dosage. Staring from a patient's (segmented) MR images, a physical model containing insertable cartridges for holding dosimeters is printed in 3D. Dosimeters can be located at specific locations of interest (e.g., tumor, nerve bundles, urethra). The model (dosimeter insert) can be placed into a pelvis 'shell' and subject to a specified treatment plan. A design for the dosimeter insert can be efficiently fabricated using rapid prototyping techniques.
{"title":"Design of a Patient-Specific Radiotherapy Treatment Target","authors":"M. Heyns, K. Breseman, Christopher L. Lee, B. Bloch, C. Jaffe, H. Xiang","doi":"10.1109/NEBEC.2013.75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEBEC.2013.75","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the design of a patient-specific, radiotherapy quality assurance target that can be used to verify a treatment plan by measurement of actual dosage. Staring from a patient's (segmented) MR images, a physical model containing insertable cartridges for holding dosimeters is printed in 3D. Dosimeters can be located at specific locations of interest (e.g., tumor, nerve bundles, urethra). The model (dosimeter insert) can be placed into a pelvis 'shell' and subject to a specified treatment plan. A design for the dosimeter insert can be efficiently fabricated using rapid prototyping techniques.","PeriodicalId":153112,"journal":{"name":"2013 39th Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122695043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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