Pub Date : 2023-07-05DOI: 10.9734/jocamr/2023/v23i1467
E. Onwubuya, A. A. Oladejo, O. A. Kalu, I. K. Ndubueze
Atherosclerosis has been regarded as one of the leading causes of death in modern-day man worldwide. The use of medicinal plants especially Andrographis paniculata in the treatment of chronic diseases, particularly atherosclerotic disorder is becoming popular. This study aimed to evaluate the possible ameliorative and preventive effect of leaf extract of Andrographis paniculata on atherosclerosis in isoproterenol-induced Wistar rats. Thirty animals were randomly divided into five groups (A-E) of six animals per group, per cage. Groups A, B and C served as the treatment groups and were orally pre-treated with 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight extract of A. paniculata for fourteen days, group D served as the positive control group and was administered 10 mg atorvastatin while group E served as the negative control and was administered distilled water. On the fifteenth and sixteenth day, 150 mg/kg isoproterenol was administered intraperitoneal at 24 h intervals to all the animals and were subsequently sacrificed. The sera obtained were used for a bioassay study. Analysis of serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein (LDL) and high density lipoprotein (HDL) were carried out using standard methods. The result obtained revealed a significant decrease (p>0.05) in the serum total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL in the extract treated groups in a dose dependent manner when compared with the untreated control while there was a significant increase in the serum HDL level of extract treated group compared to the untreated control; thereby supporting the protective effect of A. paniculata against atherosclerotic disorder.
{"title":"Possible Ameliorative and Preventive Effect of Leaf Extract of Andrographis paniculata on Atherosclerosis: An Experience with Isoproterenol Induced Wistar Rats","authors":"E. Onwubuya, A. A. Oladejo, O. A. Kalu, I. K. Ndubueze","doi":"10.9734/jocamr/2023/v23i1467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jocamr/2023/v23i1467","url":null,"abstract":"Atherosclerosis has been regarded as one of the leading causes of death in modern-day man worldwide. The use of medicinal plants especially Andrographis paniculata in the treatment of chronic diseases, particularly atherosclerotic disorder is becoming popular. This study aimed to evaluate the possible ameliorative and preventive effect of leaf extract of Andrographis paniculata on atherosclerosis in isoproterenol-induced Wistar rats. Thirty animals were randomly divided into five groups (A-E) of six animals per group, per cage. Groups A, B and C served as the treatment groups and were orally pre-treated with 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight extract of A. paniculata for fourteen days, group D served as the positive control group and was administered 10 mg atorvastatin while group E served as the negative control and was administered distilled water. On the fifteenth and sixteenth day, 150 mg/kg isoproterenol was administered intraperitoneal at 24 h intervals to all the animals and were subsequently sacrificed. The sera obtained were used for a bioassay study. Analysis of serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein (LDL) and high density lipoprotein (HDL) were carried out using standard methods. The result obtained revealed a significant decrease (p>0.05) in the serum total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL in the extract treated groups in a dose dependent manner when compared with the untreated control while there was a significant increase in the serum HDL level of extract treated group compared to the untreated control; thereby supporting the protective effect of A. paniculata against atherosclerotic disorder.","PeriodicalId":15398,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Complementary and Alternative Medical Research","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83059412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-29DOI: 10.9734/jocamr/2023/v22i4464
T. Siswati, Muhammad Primiaji Rialihanto, N. Nurhidayat, Tjaronosari Tjaronosari
Background: The level of user satisfaction with the m-health application has a significant impact on its long-term viability. Aims: This study aims to determine user satisfaction levels about m-health applications for growth monitoring and children's development in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted from May to November 2022 in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The satisfaction survey was conducted on 100 respondents in Yogyakarta, Indonesia using the RASCH method with a mean rating of 1 2 3 4, from very disagree until very agree. Results: This finding showed that using RASCH method with 14 criteria the mean rate of user satisfaction is 3.5±1.5. The lowest rating is about the app's usage time suits me (3.1±1.4) and the highest rating is about the ease of use and I have many information about children health care (3.5±1.2 and 3.5±1.5 respectively). Conclusion: Based on user satisfaction evaluation tests, overall are good, for ease of use, helpfull time friendly, comfort, and providing information swiftly and properly. Futher this application needs policies to support children's health programs extensively.
{"title":"User Satisfaction Levels about m-Health Application for Growth Monitoring and Children's Development in Yogyakarta, Indonesia","authors":"T. Siswati, Muhammad Primiaji Rialihanto, N. Nurhidayat, Tjaronosari Tjaronosari","doi":"10.9734/jocamr/2023/v22i4464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jocamr/2023/v22i4464","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The level of user satisfaction with the m-health application has a significant impact on its long-term viability. \u0000Aims: This study aims to determine user satisfaction levels about m-health applications for growth monitoring and children's development in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. \u0000Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted from May to November 2022 in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The satisfaction survey was conducted on 100 respondents in Yogyakarta, Indonesia using the RASCH method with a mean rating of 1 2 3 4, from very disagree until very agree. \u0000Results: This finding showed that using RASCH method with 14 criteria the mean rate of user satisfaction is 3.5±1.5. The lowest rating is about the app's usage time suits me (3.1±1.4) and the highest rating is about the ease of use and I have many information about children health care (3.5±1.2 and 3.5±1.5 respectively). \u0000Conclusion: Based on user satisfaction evaluation tests, overall are good, for ease of use, helpfull time friendly, comfort, and providing information swiftly and properly. Futher this application needs policies to support children's health programs extensively.","PeriodicalId":15398,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Complementary and Alternative Medical Research","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90585424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-28DOI: 10.9734/jocamr/2023/v22i4463
Joshua Charles Isirima, P. O. Uahomo
This study investigated the effect of Acalypha wilkesiana on oxidative stress biomarkers as well as liver and kidney histopathology. 54 Albino rats were divided into 6 groups of 9 animals each including group 1 animals received only feed and water ad libitum; group 2 received 160mg/kg alloxan by the intraperitoneal route; group 3 received 0.07mg/kg of glibenclamide follow alloxan induction, while animals in groups 4, 5 and six received the aqueous leaf extract of Acalypha wilkesiana at doses of 100mg/kg, 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg following the induction. Three animals from each group were anaesthetized with diethyl ether and blood samples were collected by cardiac puncture on days 5, 10 and 15 into sample bottles containing anticoagulant for evaluation of oxidative stress parameters. Liver and Kidney samples were also collected from these animals and transferred into 10% formalin solution for the histological studies. Results revealed a significant increase in oxidative stress marked by decrease in oxidative stress markers such as CAT, SOD, GSH, GPx and increase in MDA values and pathological changes of liver and kidney following alloxan administration when compared with normal control. These changes were reversed by the extract in a dose dependent manner.
{"title":"Effect of Acalypha wilkesiana on Oxidative Stress and Histopathology of Liver and Kidney in Alloxan-induced Diabetic Albino Rats","authors":"Joshua Charles Isirima, P. O. Uahomo","doi":"10.9734/jocamr/2023/v22i4463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jocamr/2023/v22i4463","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the effect of Acalypha wilkesiana on oxidative stress biomarkers as well as liver and kidney histopathology. 54 Albino rats were divided into 6 groups of 9 animals each including group 1 animals received only feed and water ad libitum; group 2 received 160mg/kg alloxan by the intraperitoneal route; group 3 received 0.07mg/kg of glibenclamide follow alloxan induction, while animals in groups 4, 5 and six received the aqueous leaf extract of Acalypha wilkesiana at doses of 100mg/kg, 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg following the induction. Three animals from each group were anaesthetized with diethyl ether and blood samples were collected by cardiac puncture on days 5, 10 and 15 into sample bottles containing anticoagulant for evaluation of oxidative stress parameters. Liver and Kidney samples were also collected from these animals and transferred into 10% formalin solution for the histological studies. Results revealed a significant increase in oxidative stress marked by decrease in oxidative stress markers such as CAT, SOD, GSH, GPx and increase in MDA values and pathological changes of liver and kidney following alloxan administration when compared with normal control. These changes were reversed by the extract in a dose dependent manner.","PeriodicalId":15398,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Complementary and Alternative Medical Research","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87885392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-27DOI: 10.9734/jocamr/2023/v22i4462
F. E. Siagian, T. Suryowati, L. S. Sunarti, Yusias Hikmat Diani, Ekarini Daroedono, Windra Lin, Rini Anjarwati Kusuma Putri, Dewa Vighneshwara
Aims: The aim of this sharing of experience was to explore the foundational concepts of humility that helped medical students better understand and implement the principles of humility into his/her undergraduate medical education and also expressing it to the people they serve during community service Discussion: Medical student’s beliefs strongly contributed in the achievement of high standards and noble values, which already incorporated into medical curriculum. Unfortunately, due to their big size curriculum, medical students rarely get the opportunity to study and apply it directly in the community. Fortunately, the community service activities are only an optional activity that might help medical students become an integral part of the community and foster relationships that will build their sincere morale, especially humility. Medical students and also the community they serve surely benefiting this two-way mutualism from an involvement in community service. Conclusion: Medical students surely need out-door learning experiences, out of the classroom, clinic room and hospital room, in order to become an integral parts of the communities in which they will practice medicine.
{"title":"Practicing Humility to Medical Students: Sharing Experience during Community Service to Specific Lay Church Congregation","authors":"F. E. Siagian, T. Suryowati, L. S. Sunarti, Yusias Hikmat Diani, Ekarini Daroedono, Windra Lin, Rini Anjarwati Kusuma Putri, Dewa Vighneshwara","doi":"10.9734/jocamr/2023/v22i4462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jocamr/2023/v22i4462","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: The aim of this sharing of experience was to explore the foundational concepts of humility that helped medical students better understand and implement the principles of humility into his/her undergraduate medical education and also expressing it to the people they serve during community service \u0000Discussion: Medical student’s beliefs strongly contributed in the achievement of high standards and noble values, which already incorporated into medical curriculum. Unfortunately, due to their big size curriculum, medical students rarely get the opportunity to study and apply it directly in the community. Fortunately, the community service activities are only an optional activity that might help medical students become an integral part of the community and foster relationships that will build their sincere morale, especially humility. Medical students and also the community they serve surely benefiting this two-way mutualism from an involvement in community service. \u0000Conclusion: Medical students surely need out-door learning experiences, out of the classroom, clinic room and hospital room, in order to become an integral parts of the communities in which they will practice medicine.","PeriodicalId":15398,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Complementary and Alternative Medical Research","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91483931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-24DOI: 10.9734/jocamr/2023/v22i3461
Mamatha Nagamadhu Murthy, B. V. Shyamala
Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal (WS) known as Ashwagandha, has been used for centuries in Ayurvedic medicine to promote longevity and vitality. The use of herbal plant extract in treating several diseases has been documented from the very beginning in Ayurveda. The ethnopharmacological properties of this ‘‘Indian Ginseng’’ plant include adaptogenic, hypnotic, sedative, and diuretic. The root extract of WS has shown the properties of neuronal regeneration by stimulating axon and dendrite outgrowth in neurons in culture. Hence, in the recent decade Ashwagandha has been widely studied for its neuroprotective properties in many rodent models and cell lines. Here, we have used transgenic Drosophila model carrying human tauE14. The mutant protein codes for pseudophosphorylated Tau protein which is specifically expressed in photoreceptor neurons using GMR-Gal4 driver to induce photoreceptor neuronal degeneration. We treated these tauopathy mimicking flies with different concentrations of Ashwagandha to evaluate the neuroprotective/remedial effect of Ashwagandha at different stages of fly development. Our results demonstrated that Ashwagandha can rescue the neurodegeneration phenotype in Drosophila TauE14 disease model only when administered during development.
{"title":"Human tau E14 Mutation Induced Neurodegeneration in Drosophila melanogaster is Ameliorated by Developmental Supplement of Ashwagandha Root Extract","authors":"Mamatha Nagamadhu Murthy, B. V. Shyamala","doi":"10.9734/jocamr/2023/v22i3461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jocamr/2023/v22i3461","url":null,"abstract":"Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal (WS) known as Ashwagandha, has been used for centuries in Ayurvedic medicine to promote longevity and vitality. The use of herbal plant extract in treating several diseases has been documented from the very beginning in Ayurveda. The ethnopharmacological properties of this ‘‘Indian Ginseng’’ plant include adaptogenic, hypnotic, sedative, and diuretic. The root extract of WS has shown the properties of neuronal regeneration by stimulating axon and dendrite outgrowth in neurons in culture. Hence, in the recent decade Ashwagandha has been widely studied for its neuroprotective properties in many rodent models and cell lines. Here, we have used transgenic Drosophila model carrying human tauE14. The mutant protein codes for pseudophosphorylated Tau protein which is specifically expressed in photoreceptor neurons using GMR-Gal4 driver to induce photoreceptor neuronal degeneration. We treated these tauopathy mimicking flies with different concentrations of Ashwagandha to evaluate the neuroprotective/remedial effect of Ashwagandha at different stages of fly development. Our results demonstrated that Ashwagandha can rescue the neurodegeneration phenotype in Drosophila TauE14 disease model only when administered during development.","PeriodicalId":15398,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Complementary and Alternative Medical Research","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85121475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-17DOI: 10.9734/jocamr/2023/v22i3460
Abeng Edoa Catherine, Y. Janvier, Fonkoua Martin, Takuissu Guemto Guy, Amamba Akamba Dupon, Nanhah Jules Vidal, Fopa Lambou Grace, O. Julius
Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation of one or more joints resulting to disability. Age (above 50 years) and life style are the main risk factors. In this study, we evaluated the effects of the aqueous extracts of the roots and barks of Gossypium herbaceum (G. herbaceous) in Complete Freund’s Adjuvant (CFA) induced rheumatoid arthritis in female wistar rats. Materials and Methods: In vitro anti-inflammatory tests were conducted through the inhibition of hemolysis and lipid peroxidation. An acute toxicity test of both extracts was done. 25 female Wistar rats were used. RA was induced in 20 rats (4 groups) by injecting CFA into the sub plantar region of the right hind paw of each rat. On day 25 of the experiment, the rats were sacrificed, and the sera were prepared for the evaluation of some inflammatory and biochemical parameters. The paws were dissected and kept for histological analyzes. Results: The extracts revealed anti-inflammatory activities in vitro, with a higher activity observed from the roots. Both extracts restored body weight and significantly reduced edema compared to the negative control group. The histological analyzes of the RA group revealed the presence of white blood cells in the synovial fluid and cartilage destruction as compared to the groups receiving roots’ aqueous extract and methotrexate. Both extracts significantly restored the levels of some inflammatory and biochemical parameters. Conclusion: Anti-inflammatory and biochemical tests showed that the aqueous extracts of the roots and barks of G. herbaceous are potentially effective in the management of RA.
{"title":"Anti-Arthritic Effect of the Aqueous Extracts of the Roots and Barks of Gossypium herbaceous in Complete Freund’s Adjuvant Induced Arthritis in Female Wistar Rats","authors":"Abeng Edoa Catherine, Y. Janvier, Fonkoua Martin, Takuissu Guemto Guy, Amamba Akamba Dupon, Nanhah Jules Vidal, Fopa Lambou Grace, O. Julius","doi":"10.9734/jocamr/2023/v22i3460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jocamr/2023/v22i3460","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation of one or more joints resulting to disability. Age (above 50 years) and life style are the main risk factors. In this study, we evaluated the effects of the aqueous extracts of the roots and barks of Gossypium herbaceum (G. herbaceous) in Complete Freund’s Adjuvant (CFA) induced rheumatoid arthritis in female wistar rats. \u0000Materials and Methods: In vitro anti-inflammatory tests were conducted through the inhibition of hemolysis and lipid peroxidation. An acute toxicity test of both extracts was done. 25 female Wistar rats were used. RA was induced in 20 rats (4 groups) by injecting CFA into the sub plantar region of the right hind paw of each rat. On day 25 of the experiment, the rats were sacrificed, and the sera were prepared for the evaluation of some inflammatory and biochemical parameters. The paws were dissected and kept for histological analyzes. \u0000Results: The extracts revealed anti-inflammatory activities in vitro, with a higher activity observed from the roots. Both extracts restored body weight and significantly reduced edema compared to the negative control group. The histological analyzes of the RA group revealed the presence of white blood cells in the synovial fluid and cartilage destruction as compared to the groups receiving roots’ aqueous extract and methotrexate. Both extracts significantly restored the levels of some inflammatory and biochemical parameters. \u0000Conclusion: Anti-inflammatory and biochemical tests showed that the aqueous extracts of the roots and barks of G. herbaceous are potentially effective in the management of RA.","PeriodicalId":15398,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Complementary and Alternative Medical Research","volume":"116 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91432649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-17DOI: 10.9734/jocamr/2023/v22i3459
Shalini Singh, D. Singh, Kautuk Kishore Chaturvedi, S. Kandhan
Background: Healthcare professionals are those who work relentlessly to provide care, empathy and support to the patients, therefore they are not able to take care of themselves due to demanding work and stress which affects their personal and professional life. Yogic practices including asanas, pranayama, and meditation, help to reduce the stress factors in healthcare professionals. Aim of the study is to systematically review the effects of yogic practices on stress management. Purpose: This review study intends to explain that how healthcare professionals can manage their stress and how they can improve their work efficiency and regulate the emotions. Using Pubmed, Google scholar & Indian database electronic searches were performed using keywords Yoga, Stress management & Healthcare professionals which occurs in 77 studies over a period of time (2010-2020). Selections were made to include only studies written in English, published in peer reviewed journals & investigating effects of regular yogic practices on stress management in this study. Summary: Yoga can help healthcare personnel manage their stress. The reasons which contribute to workplace stress were highlighted, along with the belief among healthcare professionals that yoga practices can improve one's physical, emotional, and mental health. Yoga practice further aid to prevent various physical and physiological issues, enhances the quality of sleep and decreases fatigue and exhaustion. So present study is designed to systematically review the effects of yogic practices on stress management.
{"title":"Effect of Yoga on Stress Management in Healthcare Professionals: A Systematic Review","authors":"Shalini Singh, D. Singh, Kautuk Kishore Chaturvedi, S. Kandhan","doi":"10.9734/jocamr/2023/v22i3459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jocamr/2023/v22i3459","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Healthcare professionals are those who work relentlessly to provide care, empathy and support to the patients, therefore they are not able to take care of themselves due to demanding work and stress which affects their personal and professional life. \u0000Yogic practices including asanas, pranayama, and meditation, help to reduce the stress factors in healthcare professionals. Aim of the study is to systematically review the effects of yogic practices on stress management. \u0000Purpose: This review study intends to explain that how healthcare professionals can manage their stress and how they can improve their work efficiency and regulate the emotions. Using Pubmed, Google scholar & Indian database electronic searches were performed using keywords Yoga, Stress management & Healthcare professionals which occurs in 77 studies over a period of time (2010-2020). \u0000Selections were made to include only studies written in English, published in peer reviewed journals & investigating effects of regular yogic practices on stress management in this study. \u0000Summary: Yoga can help healthcare personnel manage their stress. The reasons which contribute to workplace stress were highlighted, along with the belief among healthcare professionals that yoga practices can improve one's physical, emotional, and mental health. Yoga practice further aid to prevent various physical and physiological issues, enhances the quality of sleep and decreases fatigue and exhaustion. \u0000So present study is designed to systematically review the effects of yogic practices on stress management.","PeriodicalId":15398,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Complementary and Alternative Medical Research","volume":"108 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81439276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-10DOI: 10.9734/jocamr/2023/v22i3458
Oguamanam, Kelechi C., Y. Omeh, Uhuo Emmanuel, Raymond C. Ofoezie
Background: Extracts from that Napoleonae imperialis leaves have traditionally been used to treat wounds and diarrhoea in south east Nigeria. Aim: The present study was carried out to evaluate following scientific principles, the phytochemical composition and anti-motility effect of leaf extract and fractions prepared from the plants in experimental rats. Methods: Crude extract was prepared from the plant’s leaves and was subjected to phytochemical and acute toxicity tests. Thereafter, the extract was fractionated using column and thin layer chromatographic techniques. Anti-motility effect of the crude extract and fractions was evaluated using 80 rats assigned to 16 groups of 5 rats each. While group 1 served as control and group 2 was treated with Loperamide (0.5 mg/kg), groups 3-16 were treated with specific dose levels of the crude extract or fraction before charcoal meal 30 minutes after treatments. The animals were sacrificed in a further 30 minutes to assess the extents of movement of the charcoal meal along the gastrointestinal tract. Results: Alkaloids (31.09 +0.44 mg/100 g) were the most abundant phytochemical identified in the crude extract and was followed by flavonoids (17.19± 0.90 mg/100 g). Others were saponins (9.61±0.12 mg/100 g), tannins, (3.23±0.06 mg/100 g), phenolics (8.83±0.41 mg/100 g), steroids (5.24±0.10 mg/100 g), terpenoids (2.58±0.11 mg/100 g) and cardiac glycosides (4.95±0.08 mg/100 g). Results of acute toxicity (LD50) test showed no mortality nor obvious signs of toxicity, even at an oral dose of 5000 mg/kg in rats. Results of the anti-motility studies showed that Napoleonae imperialis crude extract and fractions significantly inhibited charcoal meal transit in rat’s gastrointestinal tract with 500 mg/kg of the extract producing an inhibitory effect of 51.44±3.53%. A repeat of the test on chromatographic fractions of the extract showed that fraction 5 had the highest anti-motility effect having produced an inhibitory effect of 87.70±6.04% on intestinal motility. Conclusion: Our findings have shown that Napoleonae imperialis leaves contain pharmacologically active components with antidiarrhoeal activities and may be the reason for its antidiarrheoal application in traditional medicine. The observed effects of the extract may be due to its flavonoids and tannins contents and may be via the anticholinergic and osmotic pathway. Solvent combination for fraction 5 may be the most ideal for higher anti-motility effects. More work is required to further establish these findings.
{"title":"Phytochemical Composition and Anti-Motility Effects of Napoleonae imperialis Methanol Crude Leaf Extract and Fractions in Rats","authors":"Oguamanam, Kelechi C., Y. Omeh, Uhuo Emmanuel, Raymond C. Ofoezie","doi":"10.9734/jocamr/2023/v22i3458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jocamr/2023/v22i3458","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Extracts from that Napoleonae imperialis leaves have traditionally been used to treat wounds and diarrhoea in south east Nigeria. \u0000Aim: The present study was carried out to evaluate following scientific principles, the phytochemical composition and anti-motility effect of leaf extract and fractions prepared from the plants in experimental rats. \u0000Methods: Crude extract was prepared from the plant’s leaves and was subjected to phytochemical and acute toxicity tests. Thereafter, the extract was fractionated using column and thin layer chromatographic techniques. Anti-motility effect of the crude extract and fractions was evaluated using 80 rats assigned to 16 groups of 5 rats each. While group 1 served as control and group 2 was treated with Loperamide (0.5 mg/kg), groups 3-16 were treated with specific dose levels of the crude extract or fraction before charcoal meal 30 minutes after treatments. The animals were sacrificed in a further 30 minutes to assess the extents of movement of the charcoal meal along the gastrointestinal tract. \u0000Results: Alkaloids (31.09 +0.44 mg/100 g) were the most abundant phytochemical identified in the crude extract and was followed by flavonoids (17.19± 0.90 mg/100 g). Others were saponins (9.61±0.12 mg/100 g), tannins, (3.23±0.06 mg/100 g), phenolics (8.83±0.41 mg/100 g), steroids (5.24±0.10 mg/100 g), terpenoids (2.58±0.11 mg/100 g) and cardiac glycosides (4.95±0.08 mg/100 g). Results of acute toxicity (LD50) test showed no mortality nor obvious signs of toxicity, even at an oral dose of 5000 mg/kg in rats. Results of the anti-motility studies showed that Napoleonae imperialis crude extract and fractions significantly inhibited charcoal meal transit in rat’s gastrointestinal tract with 500 mg/kg of the extract producing an inhibitory effect of 51.44±3.53%. A repeat of the test on chromatographic fractions of the extract showed that fraction 5 had the highest anti-motility effect having produced an inhibitory effect of 87.70±6.04% on intestinal motility. \u0000Conclusion: Our findings have shown that Napoleonae imperialis leaves contain pharmacologically active components with antidiarrhoeal activities and may be the reason for its antidiarrheoal application in traditional medicine. The observed effects of the extract may be due to its flavonoids and tannins contents and may be via the anticholinergic and osmotic pathway. Solvent combination for fraction 5 may be the most ideal for higher anti-motility effects. More work is required to further establish these findings.","PeriodicalId":15398,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Complementary and Alternative Medical Research","volume":"406 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76819995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-05DOI: 10.9734/jocamr/2023/v22i2456
Ifeanyi Anthony Egwuatu, E. Anyanwu, A. Oviosun, Abraham John Chukwuebuka, C. Ozoemena, Ekene Valentine Ugbor, Maduadichie Arinze Godswill
Concern is increasing regarding the effect of chemotherapy induced cognitive impairment on oncology patients. This sought to investigate the effect of 5-7, dihydroxyflavone on the hippocampus of wistar rats with Doxorubicin induced cognitive impairment. 30 male Wistar rats were procured and acclimatized for 14 days with feed and water, they were divided into six (6) experimental groups of five (5) animals each. Group 1 served as normal control. Group 2 was induced with 2mg/kg of DOX and was untreated. Group 3 received 150mg/kg of Chrysin. Groups 4, 5 and 6 were induced with 2mg/kg of doxorubicin and treated with Chrysin at doses of 50mg/kg, 100mg/kg, and 150mg/kg respectively. The study lasted for 21 days. The body weight of the animals were recorded three (3) times before and after induction and then recorded again at the end of the 21 days treatment. At the end of the experiment, there were significantly increase in body weight. The increase was more pronounce in group 1 and group 2. In the oxidative stress analysis and ELISA analysis on the levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1 & IL-6), there was a significant increase in the levels compared to the control group 1. In the neurobehavioural test, group 6 had a high spontaneous alternation percentage compared to other groups. The treatment with Chrysin significantly had an ameliorative effect on the treated animal groups and in group 3. The result from this work suggest that Chrysin extract had an ameliorative effect on cognitive impairment of the hippocampus.
{"title":"Ameliorative Effects of 5-7, Dihydroxy Flavone (Chrysin) on Hippocampus of Wistar Rats with Doxorubicin-induced Cognitive Impairment","authors":"Ifeanyi Anthony Egwuatu, E. Anyanwu, A. Oviosun, Abraham John Chukwuebuka, C. Ozoemena, Ekene Valentine Ugbor, Maduadichie Arinze Godswill","doi":"10.9734/jocamr/2023/v22i2456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jocamr/2023/v22i2456","url":null,"abstract":"Concern is increasing regarding the effect of chemotherapy induced cognitive impairment on oncology patients. This sought to investigate the effect of 5-7, dihydroxyflavone on the hippocampus of wistar rats with Doxorubicin induced cognitive impairment. 30 male Wistar rats were procured and acclimatized for 14 days with feed and water, they were divided into six (6) experimental groups of five (5) animals each. Group 1 served as normal control. Group 2 was induced with 2mg/kg of DOX and was untreated. Group 3 received 150mg/kg of Chrysin. Groups 4, 5 and 6 were induced with 2mg/kg of doxorubicin and treated with Chrysin at doses of 50mg/kg, 100mg/kg, and 150mg/kg respectively. The study lasted for 21 days. The body weight of the animals were recorded three (3) times before and after induction and then recorded again at the end of the 21 days treatment. At the end of the experiment, there were significantly increase in body weight. The increase was more pronounce in group 1 and group 2. In the oxidative stress analysis and ELISA analysis on the levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1 & IL-6), there was a significant increase in the levels compared to the control group 1. In the neurobehavioural test, group 6 had a high spontaneous alternation percentage compared to other groups. The treatment with Chrysin significantly had an ameliorative effect on the treated animal groups and in group 3. The result from this work suggest that Chrysin extract had an ameliorative effect on cognitive impairment of the hippocampus.","PeriodicalId":15398,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Complementary and Alternative Medical Research","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81101871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-05DOI: 10.9734/jocamr/2023/v22i3457
Marina Lavelle, N. D. Jennifer Brusewitz
For the growing number of patients suffering from post-COVID-19 syndrome, there is little definitive guidance for treatment protocols or prognosis. Neurologic manifestations following acute COVID-19 infection are continually surfacing in the literature, with fatigue being the most common persistent symptom. This case study follows a 44-year-old female experiencing debilitating fatigue and neurologic symptoms persisting after the resolution of an acute SARS-COV-2 infection. The complex medical history of this patient, including past Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) infection and Myalgic Encephalomyelitis, commonly known as Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, suggests a potential predisposition for the development of neurologic long-COVID. Through investigation of current research and treatment responses, this case report aims to gain an understanding of the complicated nature of this illness, and to propose treatments that address this specific subset of post-acute SARS-COV-2 sequelae.
{"title":"Long-COVID: A Chronic Fatigue Condition: Case Report","authors":"Marina Lavelle, N. D. Jennifer Brusewitz","doi":"10.9734/jocamr/2023/v22i3457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jocamr/2023/v22i3457","url":null,"abstract":"For the growing number of patients suffering from post-COVID-19 syndrome, there is little definitive guidance for treatment protocols or prognosis. Neurologic manifestations following acute COVID-19 infection are continually surfacing in the literature, with fatigue being the most common persistent symptom. This case study follows a 44-year-old female experiencing debilitating fatigue and neurologic symptoms persisting after the resolution of an acute SARS-COV-2 infection. The complex medical history of this patient, including past Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) infection and Myalgic Encephalomyelitis, commonly known as Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, suggests a potential predisposition for the development of neurologic long-COVID. Through investigation of current research and treatment responses, this case report aims to gain an understanding of the complicated nature of this illness, and to propose treatments that address this specific subset of post-acute SARS-COV-2 sequelae.","PeriodicalId":15398,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Complementary and Alternative Medical Research","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135703481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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